test cope 01207010 do so may result in dsqualieation, FORM TP 2023053 = MAY/JUNE 2023, CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE® EXAMINATION BIOLOGY Paper 01 — General Proficiency I hour 15 minutes 06 JUNE 2023 (p.m. READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. This test consists of 60 items. You will have | hour and 15 minutes to answer them. In addition to this test booklet, you should have an answer sheet. Each item in this test has four suggested answers lettered (A), (B), (C), (D). Read each item you are about to answer and decide which choice is best. On your answer sheet, find the number which corresponds to your item and shade the space having the same letter as the answer you have chosen. Look at the sample item below. Sample Item Which of the following diseases is due to a dietary deficiency? Sample Answer (A) Malaria ®®6® (B) Diabetes (©) Influenza (D) Anaemia ‘The correct answer to this item is “Anaemia”, so (D) has been shaded Ifyou want to change your answer, erase it completely before you fill in your new choice. When you are told to begin, turn the page and work as quickly and as carefully as you can. If you cannot answer an item, go on to the next one. You may return to that item later. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Copyright © 2022 Caribbean Examinations Council All rights reserved. 2023Which of the following features is used to classify a group of organisms as Class Insecta? (A) Size (B) Shape (©) Colour (D) Number of segments Which of the following options correctly defines a niche and a habitat? Niche Habitat (A) [The role that an organism plays the habitat The place where an organism lives (B) [The place where an organism lives The role that an organism plays in the habitat (©) [A community of living organisms which share the environment The abiotic and biotic factors of the ecosystem (D)_ [The biotic factors of the ecosystem where an organism lives The abiotic factors of the ecosystem where an organism lives Living organisms, such as plants, are affected by abiotic factors which determine where they become established. Which of the following lists presents some of these determining factors? (A) Parasitism, commensalism, mutualism (B) Sunlight availability, soil pH, minerals (©) Sediment size, predation, disease (D) Deforestation, slash and burn, shifting cultivation Which of the following organisms are MOST important in biodegradation? (A) Bacteria (B) Vultures (C)_ Omnivores (D)__Earthworms 01207010/MI/CSEC 2023 which shows the feeding relationshi freshwater lake, Algae — larvae —> eel — pike 3. Which of the organisms would be consid- ered the secondary consumer in the food chain shown above? (A) Eel (B) Pike (©) Algae (D) Larvae GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE fers to the following food chain6. Item 6 refers to the following food web. Ocelot Hawk Squirrel Iguana Ne How many food chains are there in the food web shown above? (Ay 2 @) 3 on @ 5 Approximately 10% of the energy stored in food is available to the next organism in a food chain because (A) most of the energy is lost as heat during the process of respiration (B) most of the energy is lost during the process of excretion (C) there are fewer consumers than producers in a food chain (D) many consumers compete for the same food source 01207010/MJ/CSEC 2023 Item 8 refers to the following diagram of the carbon cycle. -—PAtmospherie CO, {fe \ Grass ——> Cow v| Ay {__ Organic compounds in bacteria and fungi Which of the following processes convert organic matter to inorganic forms? (A) Land I only (B) Mand IV only (©) Mand Vionly (D) 1. Vand Vionly Which of the following outcomes/ conditions would be considered a negative impact/negative impacts of human activity oon the environment? 1. Pollution TI. Habitat loss I Climate change (A) Lonly (B)— Honly (©) Land Il only (D) 1 Mand Ur GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE10. ‘Number of organisms ML. 12. eae Which of the following are effects of pollutants on coral reefs in the Caribbean? I. Less reef fish I, More branching corals I Increase in macro-algal and seagrass growth (A) Land Ionly (B) Land Ill only (©) Mand til only (D) Mand ut fem_11 refers to the following graph of population growth. Time Phase 4 of the graph of population growth is MOST likely due to (A) competition from invasive species (B) adequate food and space (©) ahigh natural birth rate () ease resistance ‘When compared to a cheek cell, a muscle cell contains more (A) vacuoles (B) ribosomes © mitochondria (D) chromosomes 012070 10/MI/CSEC 2023 2B. 14. Item 13 refers to the following diagram of acell. Which of the labelled structures is responsible for controlling cellular activities? @ 1 (B) © mW © WV Item 14 refers to the following diagram which shows a xylem vessel. jon Space Cell wall containing, lignin Gap where two cells mect joo ‘The MAJOR feature that is responsible for the rigid structure of the xylem vessel isthe (A) lignin (B) cell wall (©) space in the cells (D) gap where two cells meet GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGEItem 15 refers to the following apparatus set-up. Cee ——— Potato Distilled —~} Petri dish water 15. What can be done to cause the level of solution in the petri dish to rise after 20 minutes? (A) Add 5 g of salt to the distilled water in the potato only. (B) Add 5 g of salt to the distilled water in the petri dish only. (C) Add 5 g of salt to the distilled water in both the petri dish and the potato. (D) Add 0 g of salt to the distilled water in both the petri dish and the potato. Item 16 refers to the following graph showing the rate of photosynthesis and light intensity. Rate of photosynthesis 0.03% CO, Light intensity 16. Which of the following statements BEST accounts for the shape of the graph? (A)__ As photosynthesis rates increase, there is a decrease in carbon dioxide levels. (B) As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis also increases until a stationary phase exists, when denaturation of the enzymes occurs. (C) As light intensity increases, there is an increase in photosynthesis until there is no further increase in the rate due to some other limiting factor. (D) As carbon dioxide levels gradually increase, there is a similar increase in the rate of photosynthesis until a plateau phase exists, where no further increase in carbon dioxide results in any further increase in photosynthesis. 17. Which of the following features would NOT enhance a leaf’s ability to absorb solar energy? (A) Large surface area (B) Transparent cuticle (C)__ Presence of a vascular bundle (D) Numerous chloroplasts in the palisade cells GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 012070 10/MI/CSEC 2023-6- Item_18 refers to the following diagram 20. Which of the following graphs shows which represents a metabolic process the effect of temperature on an enzyme- carried out in plants. controlled reaction? List g, A “bay co) oxy, Enzyme activity 0 20 40 6 80 ‘Temperature (°C) ® 2} 3 18. The food produced is 2 = (A) fat a (B) glucose Ly (C)__ protein 20° 40° 60" 80 (D) amino acid ‘Temperature (°C) © Item 19 refers to the following longitudinal z section of a tooth. z i a 0 20) 40 60 80 ‘Temperature °C) @) A 2 z g i 19. Which region of the tooth contains a large a number of blood vessels and nerves? 0 20 40 60 80 “a ot ‘Temperature (°C) @) © m © W GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207010/MI/CSEC 2023ee 21. A.50-year old male is advised by his doctor to pay special attention to the amount of salt in his diet. He probably has a high chance of developing (A)__ obesity (B) diabetes (C) hypertension (D) cardiovascular disease 22. Which of the following options correctly matches the gaseous exchange structures with the organism? Human Fish Plant (A) _[ Trachea Mouth ‘Stems (B) Gillfilaments | Large leaves (Cc) Gill rakers ‘Young leaves (D) | Trachea Gill bars ‘Spongy mesophyll Item 23 refers to the following diagram of the respiratory system with structures labelled I, I, II and IV. } | 23. Which of the labelled structures represents a ribeag, (ay I @) om oO m wm) IV GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207010/MI/CSEC 202325. 26. Which of the following conditions is an effect of carbon monoxide found in cigarette smoke? (A) Increased heart rate (B) Increased beating of cilia (©) Reduced oxygen transport by the blood (D) Increased mucus production in the cells lining the respiratory passage ‘An amoeba obtains all the oxygen it needs by diffusion via its cell membrane, w! a human needs to have special respiratory surfaces for this purpose. The reason which BEST accounts for this difference is that (A) ahuman requires a larger volume of oxygen (B) oxygen cannot pass through the skin of a human (©) anamoeba does not require much oxygen (D) —ahuman’s surface area to volume ratio is too small for diffusion to be effective The activities, I, I, Ill and LV, listed below are involved in the clotting of blood 1. Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin. II. Blood cells are trapped. IU, Platelets are activated. IV. Damage to blood vessels. Which of the following correctly lists the sequence of activities? (A) LILULIV (B) ILMLIVE (© MLV (D) WULLW 01207010/MI/CSEC 2023 27. 28. 29. 30. Why is it difficult to develop a vaccine for the common cold? (A) Vaccines cannot be developed for viruses. (B) The antigens on the common cold virus change frequently. (C) The antigens on the common cold virus remain the same (D) Human beings cannot produce antibodies for the common cold. In the transport of solutes in the phloem, the source is defined as any area of the plant where (A) water is loaded into the phloem (B) water is taken out of the phloem (©) sucrose is loaded into the phloem (D) sucrose is taken out of the phloem What is the MAIN storage product of plants? (A) Starch (B) Sucrose (©) Glucose (D) Cellulose Which of the following substances is removed during egestion? (A) Urea (®) Bilirubin (©) Excess water (D) — Undigested food GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE3. 32. 33. Which of the following processes is NOT a form of exeretion in plants? (A) Carbon dioxide diffusing in, through the stomata (B) Substances being stored in the bark ofa tree (©) Water vapour diffusing out, through the epidermis (D) Calcium oxalate crystals being stored in leaves during leaf fall Which of the following changes in the concentration of substances is MOST likely to occur in the blood of persons who suffer from kidney disease? (A) Increase in urea (B) Decrease in urea (©) Increase in glucose (D) Decrease in glucose Which of he following correctly deseribe(s) ‘movement in plants? I. Growth movement I, Part movement I. Whole body movement (A) Tonly (B) Land Honly (©) Mand If only (D) Land 1 01207010/MJ/CSEC 2023 34. 35. In humans, the skeletal system performs a variety of functions including (A) mastication (B) the immune response (©) hormone formation (D) blood cell formation Locomotion is important to animals for 1. avoiding predators I. reproduction IIL assimilation (A) Land I only (B) Land IIT only (C) Mand ttt only (©) 1 Mand mt GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE,-10- Item 36 refers to the following diagram with structures labelled I, II and IL Biceps muscle Skin of hand jh ( 36. ‘The numbered structures are 1 mL ur (A) [Fensory neurone [motorneurone [relay neurone (B) [Sensory neurone [relay neurone [motor neurone (©) |motorneurone [sensory neurone [relay neurone (D) [Rotorneurone [relay neurone [sensory neurone 37. Which of the following options BEST describes the terms ‘stimulus’ and ‘response’? Stimulus Response (A) | A deliberate provocation of an organ- ism ‘The movement of an organism (B) | An organism’s exposure to sunlight fight ‘The growth of an organism away from (© | Awave of excitement in an organism Locomotion of an organism (D) | A detectable change in an organism’s environment ‘An organism’s reaction to a stimulus 01207010/MJ/CSEC 2023 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE1em_38 refers to the following diagram of a section of human skin with structures labelled 1, Il, Mand IV. Epidermis Cornified layer (old skin cells) 38. Which structure is NOT involved in temperature regulation? (A) (B) «) 1) 1 n UL Iv 39. The function of the choroid layer in the eye isto (A) B) © () focus most light rays prevent internal reflection maintain the shape of the eyeball control the amount of light entering the eye 40. 01207010/MJ/CSEC 2023 Item 40 refers to the following diagram Which shows nearsightedness in an eye. Which of the following shows how the defect can be corrected? Bending of Light Lens Rays Before Entering the Eye (A) | Diverging Outwards (B) | Diverging Inwards (©) [Converging] __Outwards (D) | Converging Inwards GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE-12- 41. The statements below describe the processes taking place within a seed during germination. 1. The embryo uses food to develop the radicle and plumule. IL, Enzymes break down proteins into amino acids. IIL. Soluble products move into the embryo. Which of the following sequences of events occurs during the germination of the seed? @ Ionut @) Isms © win ©) m1 Item 42 refers to the following unlabelled graph which illustrates a measurement of growth in living organisms. 42. Which of the following labels would be INCORRECT on the y-axis? (A) Mass (B) Length (C) Units of time (D) Number of leaves 01207010/MI/CSEC 2023 44. 45. ‘The production of new organisms from one parent only is known as (A) sexual reproduction (B) asexual reproduction (©) mitosis (D) meiosis ‘Item 44 refers to the following diagrams of flowers, labelled I and II, from two. types of plants, 1 u Which of the following statements is true for both flowers? (A) Both are wind pollinated. (B) Petals are absent from both I and nL (©) Bothare poltinated by a humming- bird. (D) __Tispollinated by the wind wl is pollinated by a humming- 1 cr Which of the following forms of birth control is MOST likely 100% effective? (A) Condom (B) Diaphragm (C) Tubal tigation (D) Birth control pill GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE46. 41. 48. 49. -13- Item 46 refers to the following diagrams of specialized cells, labelled I and IL Which of the following structures is common to both cells? (A) Cilium (B) Nucleus (© Cell watt (D) — Acrosome Which of the following shows the correct sequence for seed formation after fertilization? (A) Ovule— zygote —> embryo — seed (B) — Ovule + embryo — seed + zygote (©) Embryo — ovule —> zygote — seed (D)__ Embryo — zygote — ovule — seed Which of the following diseases matches its category? : Category of Disease eee (A) [Cholera Physiological (®) [Pellagra Hereditary © [AIbs. Pathogenic (D) [Atherosclerosis | Deficiency ‘An animal which transmits a disease-causing organism but which is not adversely affected by it is called a (A) host (B) vector (C) parasite (D) pathogen GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207010/MI/CSEC 2023ie Item. 50 refers to the following diagram which shows the life cycle of a vector with stages labelled 1, I, Ill and IV. v7 ~~ oA 50. At which stage is this vector easily controlled by the use of aerosol insecticides? “a ot ®) © ml 0 W 51. Which of the following descriptions BEST defines a chromosome? (A) Two forms of the same gene (B) Structure made up of DNA wrapped around histones (C) Nucleic acid that contains all genetic information (D) Part of the DNA which carries genetic information to produce a protein, tem 52 refers to the following diagram which shows four stages of mitosis, labelled 1, 1, III and IV. © 4 [© 52. The correct order of the stages is, (A) IL, Vand Il (B) ILL, Wand IV © Ut, tand Vv (D) IV IIL, Hand I GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE, 01207010/MCSEC 2023a 15- 53. Ona certain Caribbean island where sugar cane is grown, a fungus is accidentally introduced into the island and destroys the entire crop of sugar cane. Which of the following statements BEST explains this occurrence? (A) The plants were old and therefore more susceptible to the fungus. (B) The plants were of a hardy variety and could not withstand the fungus. (C) The plants were planted too close together so the fungus spread easily. (D) There was no genetic variation among the plants so none could survive the attack. 54. Which of the following statements about meiosis is NOT true? (A) Genetic variation occurs. (B) — Gametes are produced. (C) It causes haploid cells to form from diploid cells. (D) The number of chromosomes in gametes is doubled. 55. In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant over white flower. What percentage of the offspring are likely to have white flowers in the following crosses? ‘Homozygous Dominant with Heterozygous with Homozygous Recessive Homozygous Recessive “ % 50%. ®) 25% 75% © 50% 100% () 100% % 56. One example of a sex-linked disease is A species consists of members that (A) cancer (A) are not closely related (B) hypertension (B) occupy the same habitat (C) colour blindness (C) reproduce by asexual means (D) Down's syndrome (D) __ interbreed under natural conditions to produce fertile offspring 87. Variation in populations is due to 1 u. Mm, (A) (B) © (D) mutation crossing over asexual reproduction Tand I only Land IIL only Mand 111 only 1, Hand IL GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 01207010/MI/CSEC 2023-16- 59. Which of the following descriptions is true about natural and artificial selection? ‘Natural Selection Artificial Selection (A) [Occurs in domestic populations | Occurs in natural populations (B) [Involves genetic modification | Largely controlled by the environment (C) [Produces great biological diver- | Produces very different organisms from sity natural populations (D) [Isa faster process Isa slower process Item 60 refers to the following diagram which shows Stages I, II, III and IV in the production of insulin by genetic engineering, Chromosome ‘Human eell 60. Inwhich of the stages above can insulin be produced by the bacterium? am ot ~) © ml o Ww END OF TEST IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. 0120701 0/MI/CSEC 2023