Sample Paragraph 1

The chief object of the repetitive form of advertisement is to help people remember the product.
The general principle is similar to that followed by Bajaj Automotives Ltd: "You just can't beat a
Bajaj". The repetition of a phrase, the inclusion of a trade name or a trade mark in every
advertisement, is intended to impress upon the mind of the reader/listener that name or phrase or
picture. The response sought by the advertiser is achieved when a customer enters a shop for, say,
toothpaste. To the shop-keeper's question, "Any particular brand, please? The customer gives the
reply that is in his mind, not necessarily because he has arrived at a decision by any process of
reasoning, nor because some strong feeling has been aroused for some particular brand, but simply
because he has repeatedly seen the name, which is associated in his mind with the idea of a good
toothpaste. Some trade names become so common that they displace the true name of the
commodity itself, such as 'Vaseline', the well-known trade name for 'petroleum jelly'.
Advertisements which have relied on repetition have, in the past, proved very powerful, but with
the increased variety of proprietary articles and products intended for the same purpose, this kind
of advertising is losing some of its value because of the confusion of names that arise in a
customer's mind when he wishes to buy, say, cigarettes, tobacco, soap, chocolates, tea and other
goods which are widely used.

Tehsildar (2022)
Acting is a profession notoriously addicted to superstition and members of most theatre companies
believe it to be unlucky to have candles on stage, or in the dressing room, and equally unlucky to
look in a mirror over the shoulder of another. No actor in his senses would ever kick a cat, for it is
a sign of good fortune to have one around the theatre. But for a cat to run across the stage during
a performance is a certain indication of misfortune to follow. Rehearsals, too , have their special
superstitions, and as perfect ones are thought to prejudice the success of the first right, the last line
of the dialogue or the last bar of music if often left unsaid or un-played just for luck. Many actors
believe that real flowers on stage are unlucky and prefer imitations. Peacock feathers or any
representations of a peacock on stage are to be avoided at all costs, but should an actor`s shoes
squeak as he steps on stage he can count upon a good reception.

(175 words)
 Sample Paragraph 2

It is physically impossible for a well-educated, intellectual, or brave man to make money the chief
object of his thoughts just as it is for him to make his dinner the principal object of them. All
healthy people like their dinners, but their dinner is not the main object of their lives. So all healthy
minded people like making money ought to like it and enjoy the sensation of winning it; it is
something better than money. A good soldier, for instance, mainly wishes to do his fighting
well. He is glad of his pay—very properly so and justly grumbles when you keep him ten years
without it—till, his main mission of life is to win battles, not to be paid for winning them. So of
clergymen. The clergyman's object is essentially baptized and preaches not to be paid for
preaching. So of doctors. They like fees no doubt—ought to like them; yet if they are brave and
well-educated the entire object to their lives is not fees. They on the whole, desire to cure the
sick; and if they are good doctors and the choice were fairly to them, would rather cure their
patient and lose their fee than kill him and get it. And so with all the other brave and rightly
trained men: their work is first, their fee second—very important always; but still second.

(232 words)

Tehsildar (2011-19th February)

Every genius that exists in the world achieves greatness through the capacity of taking the trouble
to get to where they want. All great men of the world who have achieved impossible things in their
lifetime have undergone hardships, sacrifices, trials, and tribulations. There is no easy victory over
failure. No difficult achievement is smooth and easy. The history of great men reminds us that
with strong determination, man can achieve anything he sets his mind on, however impossible it
may seem. A man with determination and iron can defeat all hurdles in the way of his mission.
Even the most intelligent people suffer in life if they cannot cope with their circumstances and
labor hard to achieve the goal of their life. A genius who is fired with zeal and determination to
achieve his ideal comes to possess the necessary capacity to bear the hardships, cross the hurdles,
and achieve the final victory. Genius and hard work go together to bring the desired results. The
stage of greatness comes after many stages of frustration and disappointment. The weaker man
gives way to those frustrations but the genius perseveres and holds on to their mission until they
achieve the object of their life.

(203 words)
 Précis (CSS-2018)
It is in the temperate countries of northern Europe that the beneficial effects of cold are most
manifest. A cold climate seems to stimulate energy by acting as an obstacle. In the face of an
insuperable obstacle our energies are numbed by despair; the total absence of obstacles, on the
other hand leaves no room for the exercise and training of energy; but a struggle against difficulties
that we have a fair hope of over-coming, calls into active operation all our powers. In like manner,
while intense cold numbs human energies, and a hot climate affords little motive for exertion,
moderate cold seems to have a bracing effect on the human race. In a moderately cold climate man
is engaged in arduous, but no hopeless struggles and with the inclemency of the weather. He has
to build strong houses and procure thick clothes to keep him warm. To supply fuel for his fires, he
must hew down trees and dig coal out of the earth. In the open air, unless he moves quickly, he
will suffer pain from the biting wind. Finally, in order to replenish the expenditure of bodily tissue
caused by his necessary exertions, he has to procure for himself plenty of nourishing food. Quite
different is the lot of man in the tropics. In the neighborhood of the equator there is little need of
clothes or fire, and it is possible with perfect comfort and no danger to health, to pass the livelong
day stretched out on the bare ground beneath the shade of a tree. A very little fruit or vegetable
food is required to sustain life under such circumstances, and that little can be obtained without
much exertion from the bounteous earth. We may recognize must the same difference between
ourselves at different seasons of the year, as there is between human nature in the tropics and in
temperate climes. In hot weather we are generally languid and inclined to take life easily; but when
the cold season comes, we find that we are more inclined to vigorous exertion of our minds and
bodies.

(349 words)
 Précis (CSS-2019)
I think modern educational theorists are inclined to attach too much importance to the negative
virtue of not interfering with children, and too little to the positive merit of enjoying their company.
If you have the sort of liking for children that many people have for horses or dogs, they will be
apt to respond to your suggestions, and to accept prohibitions, perhaps with some good-humored
grumbling, but without resentment. It is no use to have the sort of liking that consists in regarding
them as a field for valuable social endeavor, or what amounts to the same thing as an outlet for
power-impulses. No child will be grateful for an interest in him that springs from the thought that
he will have a vote to be secured for your party or a body to be sacrificed to king and country. The
desirable sort of interest is that which consists in spontaneous pleasure in the presence of children,
without any ulterior purpose. Teachers who have this quality will seldom need to interfere with
children's freedom, but will be able to do so, when necessary, without causing psychological
damage. Unfortunately, it is utterly impossible for over-worked teachers to preserve an instinctive
liking for children; they are bound to come to feel towards them as the proverbial confectioner's
apprentice does towards macaroons. I do not think that education ought to be anyone's whole
profession: it should be undertaken for at most two hours a day by people whose remaining hours
are spent away from children. The society of the young is fatiguing, especially when strict
discipline is avoided. Fatigue, in the end, produces irritation, which is likely to express itself
somehow, whatever theories the harassed teacher may have taught himself or herself to believe.
The necessary friendliness cannot be preserved by self-control alone. But where it exists, it should
be unnecessary to have rules in advance as to how "naughty" children are to be treated, since
impulse is likely to lead to the right decision, and almost any decision will be right if the child
feels that you like him. No rules, however wise, are a substitute for affection and tact.

(359 words)