CONSTRUCTION Rane A Guide to Developing HEALTH and SAFETY POLICIES and PROGRAMS in ConstructionThis data sheet has been reviewed and endorsed by the Provincial Labour- Management Health and Safety Committee and is fully a document of accord between labour and management authorities. In the past, members of the public have used printed information that was outdated by subsequent improvements in knowledge and technology. We therefore make the following statement for their protection in future. The information presented here was, to the best of our knowledge, current at time of printing and is intended for general application. This publication is not a definitive guide to government regulations or to practices and procedures wholly applicable under every circumstance. The appropriate regulations and statutes should be ‘consulted. Although the Construction Safety Association of Ontario cannot guarantee the accuracy of, nor assume liability for, the information presented here, we are pleased to answer individual requests for counselling and advice. © Construction Safety Association of Ontario, 1993 Revised, 1997 ISBN 0-919465-60-9 Second printing, December 1998 Third printing, November 1999 Revised, 2002A Guide to Developing HEALTH and SAFETY POLICIES and PROGRAMS in ConstructionContents 1 Step by Step INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW STEP 1 ~- POLICY STEP 2~PLAN Labour-Management Task Force Developing the Health and Safety Plan STEP 3- PROGRAM Responsibilities Heaith and Safety Rules Safe Practices and Procedures Emergency Procedures First Aid and Medical Services Worker Orientation Training Reporting and Investigating Accidents Inspections and Hazard Assessments Health and Safety Promotion Joint Health and Safety Committee WHMIS STEP 4 - IMPLEMENTATION STEP 5 ~ EVALUATION CONCLUSION2 Model Program INTRODUCTION MODEL PROGRAM ~ MAJOR PARTIES CEO of Company/Company President Project Manager Project Superintendent Supervisor (Foreperson) Health and Satety Representative Health and Safety Committee Health and Satety Support Staff Workers Worker Trades Committee Subcontractors MODEL PROGRAM — MAJOR COMPONENTS Introduction Health and Safety Administration Emergency Planning Inspection and Hazard Assessment WHMIS Orientation and Training Safe Work Procedures Hazard Control APPENDICES Project Manager's Safety Audit Job Operations and Conditions Reporting Accidents Reporting Incidents Sample Policies 35 36 37 40 at 42 45 46 47 48 48 49 60 64 71 81 83 84 87INTRODUCTION In terms of workplace safely, the construction industty is unique. Besides involving tasks that are potentially hazardous by themselves, construction requires everyone involved to cope with the dangers of a constantly shifting work environment. Subcontractor crews, project materials, processes, equipment, and the workplace itself change from day to day. As a result, both employees and employers must take special precautions to prevent costly accidents and injuries. ‘There is no mystery to success in promoting health and safety. Like construction itsel, it takes planning, organization, leadership, control, and evaluation. in practice it also Tequires the familiar activities of inspecting, investigating, recording, analyzing, and reporting. All of these have a place in the health and safety program, which is designed to make the most of available time and resources in preventing accidents and ‘occupational disease. Legal Requirement In Ontario, a safety program is required by law. The Occupational Health and Safety Act (OH&S Act) Section 25(2)() states “An employer shall prepare and review at least annually a written occupational health and safety policy and develop and maintain a program to implement that policy” The clause quoted above, however, “does not apply with respect to a workplace where five or fewer employees are regularly employed” This data sheet is designed to help develop a safety program that meets this legal requirement. Because organizations differ, a program developed for one company or project cannot be expected to perfectly suit the needs of another. Rather than try to address these differences, this data sheet presents core program elements broadly applicable to the industry. It does not address client or owner responsibilities directly. However, owners and clients do have responsibilities and may in certain cases be constructors or take on some of the responsibilities of constructors by virlue of their contractual arrangements.Health and Safety Program Planning for Construction Benefits ‘A good health and satety program is designed to accomplish a number of things. Save lives and reduce or prevent accidents, injuries, and illnesses. Reduce pain and sutfering from injury. Save money by reducing lost production time and minimizing resources spent on replacing injured workers. Reduce WSIB* and other insurance premiums and costs. Reduce time spent in preparing accident claims and reports, Minimize damage to materials and equipment. Reduce Ministry of Labour stop-work orders, fines, and related court appearances. Improve attitudes, behaviour, and morale. Improve clienticontractor relations. Improve the overall image of the company. “Workplace Safety and Insurance Board Key Elements ‘The overview chart on pages 6-7 shows how the following key activities are related within a health and safety plan. 1. Obtain a copy of the company's written policy. Review company's safety record. Establish health and safety objectives. Decide on ways to measure success in meeting objectives. ga oD Decide on how to reach objectives and incorporate into a detailed health and safety program. 6. Outline procedures for implementing, evaluating, and adjusting the program. ‘Ongoing monitoring and refinement create the program flexibility and responsiveness necessary to meet the changing needs of the organization and its employees.Overview of Construction ( 1. POLICY 2. PLAN Should be Should be prepared by prepared by senior labour-management task force management ‘The Health and Safety 1. Obtain a copy of the Health and Policy is a written Safety Policy. statement expressing company commitment 2. Review documentation on to workplace health company's health and safety and safety. history and define problem areas. Sample policies are 3. Decide on health and safety shown on pages 87-88. objectives. 4, Decide on ways to measure success in reaching objectives. 5. Agree on means and ( methods of reaching objectives and incorporate into a detailed Health and Safety Program. (See box at right) 6. Outline procedures to a) implement the program b) monitor the program and evaluate how well it meets the objectives ¢ adjust the program content where necessary.Health and Safety Planning 3. PROGRAM Should be prepared by labour-management task force Examples of Items to Be Addressed in a Health and Safety Program Detailed Assignment of Duties and Responsibilities pages 37-47 ‘CEO /Company president Project manager rt ‘Supervisor (Foreperson) Health and safety rep ‘Health and safety Health and safety support staff Workers ‘Worker trades committee ‘Subcontractors Health and Safety Administration pages 48-55 Contract provisions Policy Development of H & S guidelines Records and reporting and safe work procedures Compliance with the law Enforcement and discipline Accident investigation ) ‘Emergency Planning pages 56-59 Emergency response plan Emergency communication plan Medical /First aid requirements Fire/Explosion prevention Inspection and Hazard Assessment pages 60-63 Regular site inspections © -H & S representative/H & S committee Government inspections Project audit WEMIS page 64 Orientation and Training pages 65-70 New workers Subcontractors Supervision Health and safety meetings ‘Toolbox talks Safe Work Procedures pages 71-80 ‘Tegging and lockout Hot work Confined spaces Housekeeping Electrical safety Lifting and hoisting Suspended access Vehicle safety ‘Traffic control Materials storage Hazard Control pages 81-82 Principles of control Personal protective equipment requirements J Hazardous waste managementSTEP 1 — POLICY Anealth and safety policy is a written statement of principles and goals embodying the company's commitment to workplace health and safety. Senior management must be committed to carrying out that policy consistently and completely. Health and safety must enjoy the same high priority as the organization's other major goals. The policy statement should © contain a written statement of principles and goals. © be signed by the chief executive officer © be dated ‘© recognize the need to comply with the Occupational Health and Safety Act and construction regulations © acknowledge the right of every employee to work in a safe and healthy environment ‘© spell out management's commitment to providing a safe and healthy work environment by eliminating or minimizing the hazards that can cause accidents and injuries '® recognize the priority of safety in relation to other organizational goals and policies ‘© encourage cooperation with unions and workers to involve ali employees in putting the health and safety policy into practice. ‘As well, the policy should be © clearly stated in terms that are easily understood © posted in a conspicuous place and distributed and explained to all employees © followed by every employee, including senior management, in all work activities, © reviewed annually to keep it up-to-date and in tune with current activities of the ‘organization and with the latest legislation.Health and Satety Program Planning for Construction , STEP 2 — PLAN Because the words “plan* and “program” are similar in meaning, they are often used interchangeably in everyday conversation. By assigning a specific meaning to each word, this data sheet aims to prevent confusion and make distinctions that help clarity the process of addressing health and satety. ‘The word plan has been chosen to name the overall activity of addressing workplace health and safety through an organized, step-by-step strategy. As shown in the overview chart on pages 6-7, the plan begins with the company’s written health and safety policy. ‘A typical plan then calls for the research and decisions necessary to begin designing the program that will put that policy into practice. This is followed by the design of program content, as well as the procedures to implement, evaluate, and adjust the program. Thus the plan is the organizeg, all-encompassing process that prepares for, creates, implements, and monitors the program. The program itself comprises the detailed assignment of responsibilities, with the specific requirements and activities necessary to promote and maintain health and safety on a day-to-day basis. Right from the start, labour and management should work together as equal partners of a joint task force to create the safety plan (see next section). A plan that has been developed jointly with input from workers, supervisors, and senior management is likely to receive more support than a plan developed in isolation by one party alone, The overall plan should be matched to the firm's special requirements. Merely copying another company’s safety plan or turning the program into another set of work rules will not do the job, Simple plans and programs may meet the needs of small, centralized companies with closely supervised workforces. A more detailed approach, however, may be necessary for larger firms operating a variety of projects in widely scattered locations. ‘Some plans may be very detailed. They may, for example, establish a program that includes precise standards for such items as ladders, guardrails, and fire extinguishers, as well as detailed procedures for accident investigation and medical emergencies. Labour-Management Task Force ‘As an intial step, a tast ‘nrce should be formed representing labour and management The task force should begin with the corporate safety policy and clarify its own terms of reference. As pages 6-7 show, key lirst steps in the plan include the following.10 ‘© Start with a copy of the company's health and safety policy—a written statement of ‘company commitment to health and safety as a priority. © Produce a statement of health and safety objectives related to the goal of achieving a safe and healthy workplace. Objectives may be of two types: performance objectives such as a specified reduction in lost-time injuries; or content-related objectives, such as ensuring that site hazards are pointed out to all new workers. © Agree on the specific ways to measure success in meeting those objectives. For performance objectives, these will be statistics reflecting such things as injury frequency and equipment costs. For content-based objectives, measurement may involve record-keeping; for example, checklists and sign-off sheets for new worker orientation. © A monitoring and evaluation system to document how well objectives are being met and to identify needed improvements. © A procedure for adjusting means and methods where necessary. Developing the Health and Safety Plan Introduction To be successful, the safety plan must address the specific problems identified during review of the companys accident history. If, for example, ladder accidents are frequent, then final program documentation must include detailed rules for the proper choice and use of ladders. Don't try to develop the final program before completing all preliminary work required by the safety plan. This includes assembling and reviewing statistics, reports on work experience, and current procedures, as well as other relevant information Trying to launch a program before defining clear needs ard objectives will only undermine acceptance, implementation, and effectiveness.Health ard Safety Program Planning for Construction "1 Written Work Procedures (Job or Task Safe Working Practices) Written procedures outlining the satest way to perform a task are important for job instruction, monitoring of performance, and accidentinvestigation. These procedures are vital elements of the safety program. They shoud address activities with a high Potential for injury as well as any other activities trat must be reviewed to reduce accident frequency. Developing correct procedures may involve a job safay analysis where each step of a specific job is examined to identify potential hazards and to determine the safest way to do the job. This involves ° identifying the job breaking the job down into a sequence of steps identifying the potential hazards defining preventive measures. Members of the task force formed to draft the plan ard program should be involved in analyzing specific tasks by observing workers performng the job. Several separate job analyses may be necessary for jobs consisting of moe than one task.12 The final version of the correct work procedure should consist of a step-by-step outline of the safest way to do the job. Steps should be stated in positive terms, with reasons given, including references to applicable regulations. Workers who normally perform the job should be invited to comment on the procedure before the final version is adopted. At this point a list with general descriptions of procedures for hazardous activities should be developed. Most of these activities will reveal a history of accidents and injuries. A list of typical jobs that may require written procedures can be found on page 23. To summarize, the development of proper work procedures involves © selecting activities involving frequent accidents or the potential for severe injuries ‘© identifying the potential hazards © determining how the specific job is currently carried out and what equipment is used © establishing how to do the job the safest way and writing a step-by-step outline in clear, positive terms © ensuring that procedures are practical, realistic, and workable in order to ensure compliance. Compliance Determine whether current company and project operations comply with the Occupational Health and Safety Act and construction regulations. This involves tasks such as the following. '* Identify what activities, equipment, and materials are involved in non- ‘compliance with the OH&S Act and construction regulations. ‘* Check that projects meet standards, including those of the Canadian Standards Association and the Ontario Electrical Safety Code or others that may apply. ‘* Conduct a hazard assessment of the project. Enforcement 't is important to anticipate problems in implementation or enforcement before the program takes its final form. Plan for compliance by specifying ‘© who will enforce the program within the companyHealth and Safety Program Planning for Construction 13 ‘© what penalties the company will apply * what procedures will be established to ensure compliance and to administer penalties. ‘Compliance with safety rules should be a condition of employment. Site supervision, site management, subcontractors, and workers should be held accountable for following the ules. Subcontractors should be obliged by contract to comply with the OH&S Act and the constructor's safety program. The client's safety program will also have to be considered. {tis important to anticipate and deal with some of the attitudes behind non-compliance. People don't do what they are supposed to for a number of reasons: © They don't know — what they are supposed to do = how todo it — why they should do it. © They don't think it will work. © They think their way is better. They lack motivation or have negative attitudes. They don't have enough time. They have different priorities. . They think they are doing it already. Solving these problems requires instruction, training, persuasion, and enforcement. ZENS ZZ ZIT IP WAVAVAA | 9 V4 : : Loe ie IRS es “ey14 STEP 3 — PROGRAM Safety programs may vary according to the company, but all share basic components. The most important are explained below. Responsi The detailed listing of responsibilities for every company employee lies at the heart of the successful safety program. In large companies, responsibilities are spread over many levels; in small companies, many responsibilities will be undertaken by the same person. Individual responsibilities must be stated clearly and in specific terms © for every level of employee including management for subcontractors in their contracts to define scope and substance to meet the requirements of the OH&S Act © to emphasize the importance of each party meeting its responsibilities. ‘All health and safety activities are based on specific individual responsibilities, most of which can be found in the pertinent legislation. Since details of specific responsibilities are not well known in the average workplace, they should be outlined in the safety program.Health and Safety Program Planning for Construction 15 Once responsibilities are clearly defined, all parties will better understand how the ‘components of the overall program fit together. Indeed, when the program is introduced and the responsibilities of all parties from president to field worker are reviewed, ‘employees will start to recognize the corporate commitment to safety. Responsibility may be defined as an individual's obligation to carry out assigned duties. Authority implies the right to make decisions and the power to direct others. The delegation of responsibility and authority to subordinates gives them the right to act on behalf of superiors. However, while some responsibilities can be delegated, the superior remains accountable for seeing that they are cartied out. The safety program should clearly set out responsibilities for each level of employee from chief executive officer to worker. It should also define the responsibilities of subcontractors and stipulate these responsibilities, where appropriate, in contracts. Although some responsibilities must, by their nature, be assigned in general terms, they should be stated in enough detail to define their scope and substance. Since every employee of a company is legally a "worker,” worker responsibilities apply to all company personnel, including the chief executive officer. Firstline supervisors have additional responsibilities, and senior management have duties in addition to those of workers and supervisors. It is also important to spell out any special responsibilities of a person assigned to coordinate health and safety functions, and of in-house safety support staff. All employees will then know exactly what their roles are in implementing the health and safety program. Examples of responsibilities are given below. These lists are not intended to be all-inclusive. More detailed worksheets for all major parties in a model program start on page 36. The worksheet for supervisors is reproduced on the following page as a sample.Major parties. 16 Sample of 21 Program At Major Party Supervisor (foreperson) » 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7 8) 9) 10) 11) Provide oriantation for new crew members. {mplement, support, and enforce the safety program at crew level Conduct weekly safety talks. Inspect safety equipment weekly Review safety aspects of each task with crew. Assist in accident investigations. Report safety problems to superintendent and correct hazard immediately it possibe. Inspect toots and equipment at least weekly and ensure that they are properly maintained. Ensure housekeeping is done at least daily. Review MSDSs with crew belore using hazardous materials. Review minutes of safety meetings, Ministry of Labour orders, and safety directives with crew. Note: Candidates for supervision should have a good knowledge of the OH&S Act and construction regulations, as well as knowledge of the trace and well-developed ‘communications sls. ‘The Construction Safely Association of Ontario offers training for construction supervisors, Ref Dy} 2) 3) 4) 5) ferences: GSAO Safety Talks (VO0S) and Safety Tips (TP series) Orientation booktet Corporateysite health and safety program manual spss Safety reference materials.Health and Safety Program Planning tor Construction 7 Senior Management © Provide a safe and healthy workplace. ‘© Establish and maintain a health and safety program. * Ensure that workers are properly trained. ‘* Report accidents and injuries to authorities as required by law. © Provide medicalfirst aid facilities. © Provide workers with health and safety information. ‘© Inspect projects and meet regularly with supervisors to monitor the program and take corrective action. '* Provide the motivation and resources necessary to make the program work. ‘© Ensure that operations comply with both the law and the program. © Demonstrate commitment to accident prevention, ‘© Consider accident prevention and safety performance when evaluating employees, especially supervisors. Superintendent © Bo responsible for on-site accident prevention. © Ensure that protective equipment, safety materials, and first aid supplies are provided. © Instruct forepersons in the work practices required by law and by the program, and ensure that they are followed. ‘© Monitor the health and safety performance of subcontractors. ‘© Report accidents and injuries to authorities/senior management as required by the program and regulations. © Investigate accidents (with foreperson) and take action to prevent recurrence. ‘© Monitor safety behaviour and performance of forepersons, crews, and subcontrac- tors. Supervisors (Forepersons) © Make sure that the program is carried out at the work level.18 ‘Ensure that protective equipment required by law and by the program is used and maintained properly by workers and that workers understand the reasons for its use. ‘Instruct personnel in proper work practices and update instruction as needed. ‘® Check work practices and work areas for hazards and take corrective action where required. ‘© Consult with the health and safety representative. ‘© Ensure that injuries are treated and reported. © Investigate and report all accidents and take corrective action. ‘© Acquaint the new worker with hazards and safe work procedures. Workers © Work in accordance with the safety program. © Work in a manner that will not endanger anyone. Report unsafe situations. ‘© Comply with the OH&S Act and all relevant regulations. ‘© Report injury or illness immediately. ‘© Help new employees recognize job hazards and follow proper procedures. © Insome cases, participate in joint health and safety committees.Health and Satety Program Planning for Construction 19 Subcontractors ‘© Adhere to the general contractor's/constructor's program requirements. ‘© Monit 9 site conditions in their area and take corrective action. ‘© Report lost-tim juries immediately to the constructor. ‘© Request help in deating with hazards created by another employer's workforce. Constructor © Monitor subcontractors for compliance with the OH&S Act and construction regulations. © See that subcontractors are obliged by contract to comply with the constructor’s safety program. ‘© Monitor safety performance and take corrective action. Health and Safety Representative © Inspect the workplace. Identify situations that may be a source of danger. © Make recommendations to the employer. Investigate and help deal with work refusals. Assist in ac Joint Health and Safety Committee (see also p. 30) Inspect the workplace. Review health and safety reports. Make recommendations to the employer. Assist in accident investigations. Identify situations that may be a source of danger. Assist in resolving work refusals and reports of “dangerous circumstances.”20 Worker Trades Committee ‘© Report health and safety problems to the joint committee. ‘© Assist in resolving disputes and problems in health and safety. Certified Member of Joint Health and Safety Committee ‘The certified member has the same duties as the non-certified representative but with the additional right to initiate bilateral work stoppage or unilateral work stoppage where special permission has been granted by the Ministry of Labour. Safety Coordinator/Health and Safety Support Personnel ‘© Advise all employees on health and safety matters. Coordinate health and safety activities throughout the projeccompany. . Collect and analyze health and safety statistics. Provide health and safety training Conduct research on special problems. All Employees In addition to the responsibilities set out above, all employees must become familiar with the OH&S Act and all applicable regulations, and with the requirements of the safety program. They must know exactly what their responsibilities are and have the required ability and training to fulfil them. They must also have sutficient authority to either carry them out personally or delegate them Health and safety is not something added to an employee's job. It is an inherent, central part of that job—a full-time component of each in ual's responsibilities. Health and Safety Rules The construction regulations under the Occupational Health and Safely Act set out minimum requirements. In many cases, it may be necessary for the organization to supplement these regulations with specific rules to ensure a sate workplace.Health and Safety Program Planning for Construction 21 Below are some guidelines for establishing rules. © The joint health and safety committee should participate in formulating rules. Rules should be stated in clear, easily understood terms. ‘They are best expressed in positive terms. . Where the intent is not obvious, reasons for each rule should be stated. ‘© The rules must be enforceable. ‘They should be available in writing to all employees. Compliance with health and safety rules should be considered a condition of employment. Rules should be explained to new employees when they start work The question of how to deal with repeat violators must also be addressed. Supervisors must be supported in their duty to correct unsafe acts and breaches of the rules. Safe Practices and Procedures Safe practices and procedures are just one of a number of major components that must be addressed in any health and safety program. See the next page for a sample worksheet on tagging and lockout. The sample is from the section “Model Pro- gram—Major Components” that begins on page 48. During the planning stage, hazardous jobs should be identified and safe working procedures developed for each job. ‘As part of the program, those procedures must be explained in detail in writing and communicated to employees.Sample of Moc fer Program Major Component Sate work procedures Tagging and lockout ‘Supenision, 41), Before work begins and as needed, identity all energy sources on the Site safety sia project requiring tagging and lockout procedures. NOTE: A company lockout procedure should have already been seveloped. Superintendent 2), Develop ajob-specfc tagging and leckout procedure or apply the company procedure tothe job. Superintendent _3),_Ensure that work: and site-specific tagging and lockout procedures conform with requirements o te health and safety program. Supenision, 4) Conduct general and system spectc tagging and lockout waning. site satety staff Supervision, 5) Provide workers with tags, indvidual Keys, padlocks, and scissors. site safety staff Supervision, subs, workers, Supervision, subs, 6) Explain that failure to comply with tagging and fockout procedures wil result in disciplinary action, 7) It secure lockout of an energy source is not possible, consult, workers superintendent and ownericiiant, ‘Supervision, 8) Check that all workers are clear of work area betore re-energizing the workers, system. Supervision, 8) Obtain ownerictient's authority to re-energize any system, especially ina workers, project that has been shut down. Resources Neede 1) Corporatelsite health and safety program manual 2) Individual satety locks, scissor clamps, and tags for workers 3) Circuit diagrams and process controt schematics as required Notes:Health and Satety Program Planning for Construction 23 When outining procedures © include the steps required to implement the procedure © use easy-to-understand terms. ¢ include applicable rules and regulations. The following jobs typically require development of general procedures. ‘Tagging, de-energizing, and lock-out includes electrical, mechanical, and pneumatic systems. Hot work permits require measures for fire prevention and coordination of work among different trades. Manual and mechanical lifting demand procedures for safe handling of materials. Confined space entry involves meeting legal requirements, setting up a permit’ checklist system, and establishing emergency procedures and proper supervision. Access/egress calls for procedures for such things as work platforms, equipment, machinery, scaffolding, and ladders. Housekeeping and materials storage include procedures for fire protection and fire access routes, storage and use of flammable material, waste disposal, lighting, access/egress, new and hazardous materials storage, and scheduling of deliveries. Employees must be advised what housekeeping standards are acceptable. Vehicle safety addresses such issues as backing-up procedures, speed limits, access/egress routes, traffic control persons, and vehicle emissions. Lifting and hoisting involve determination of load ratings and capacities, supervision of the hoisting area, inspection of equipment, and qualifications of the operator. Equipment and machinery require procedures for the use and maintenance of such equipment as electrical tools, compressors, arc welders, excavating equipment, and scatiolding systems. Control of health hazards must address protection from physical hazards, hazardous physical agents, and hazardous materials. Control at the source involves elimination or substitution. Control along the path may call for engineered controls or coordination of work. Control at the worker requires training in the selection, fit, use, and maintenance of personal protective equipment. ‘Trenching/excavating requires procedures to cover such aspects as the location of underground utlities and digging, the use of protective equipment for workers in the trench, access/egress, the availability of emergency equipment, and materials handling.24 Emergency Procedures Emergency procedures should be established for collapses of structures, fire, explosions, critical injury, and toxic spill or release. Slow response, lack of resources, or absence of trained personnel can lead to chaos in an emergency, To minimize losses—especially fatalities and injuries—personnel must know their responsibilities, know the procedures to follow, and be able to communicate in an emergency. Follow these steps in developing the plan for emergency procedures. 1. List possible areas where emergencies such as fire, explosion, structural collapse, or chemical spills might occur. 2. For each type of hazard, identify the possible results—fatalities, injuries, structural or environmental damage. 3, Determine required response, such as rescue, fire fighting, or evacuation. The response plan must include step-by-step procedures and control measures for each type of emergency. 4, Determine what resources, including rescue equipment and medical supplies, should be on hand to deal with specific emergencies. 5. Determine the training required for effective response to emergencies. First Aid and Medical Services t aid and medical services must meet the minimum requiraments. under the applicable regulations. Employees must know © where to find first aid stations ‘© how to identify qualified first aiders ‘® the procedures for transporting injured workers ‘© who will provide first aid training and who has a valid first aid certificate ‘© how to record injuries and iliness.Health and Safety Program Planning for Construction 25 Worker Orientation Inexperienced workers are generally involved in more accidents than veteran workers. Although experience increases safety awareness, early education in health, safety, and job skills can improve the safety record for new workers right from the start. Health and safety education should start with orientation as soon as a worker joins the organization or is given new duties. An orientation program should introduce the new worker to © company policy and acceptable behaviour © the construction project and the worker's role in it © WHMIS requirements © emergency procedures '® location of first aid stations, fire extinguishers, telephone, lunchroom, washroom, and parking « site-specific hazards © health and safety responsibilities ‘¢ immediate reporting of injuries and hazardous conditions to supervisor © use of personal protective equipment © too! handling and storage26 ® the right to refuse hazardous work review of each health and safety rule applicable to the job introduction to health and safety representative(s) site tour or map where appropriate, introduction to supervisor Acopy of the health and safety policy and program should be issued and explained to each new employee. ‘Anew employee can absorb only so much information in the first few days. A copy of the health and safety policy and program will help by repeating the points covered during orientation and by serving as a checklist for the person training the new worker. Abuddy system is a useful follow-up to the initial orientation. Pairing a new worker with a veteran can reinforce the new employee's training and raise the safety awareness of the “buddy” at the same time. Training Training is crucial to establishing and maintaining’ standards for job practices and procedures. ‘Supervisor and worker training should include ‘© ‘requirements of the OH&S Act, construction regulations, and WHMIS © specific requirements of the program © specific acoident problems © first aid, including CPR © use and maintenance of personal protective equipment ‘* housekeeping procedures identification of specific occupational health hazards. Training is indicated © when a new employee begins work © when an employee is assigned to a new jobHealth and Safety Program Planning for Construction 27 ‘® whenever equipment, materials, processes, or procedures are new to the employee when inadequate performance is observed. Reporting and Investigating Accidents Immediate reporting of injuries, incidents, near misses, and unsafe conditions is essential to eliminate or reduce losses. This requires established procedures and forms for reporting, as well as regular review of all reports and appropriate action to prevent tecurrence. The safety program should specify whatis to be reported, fo whom itis to be reported, and in what form it is to be reported. The program should also clearly state © which incidents are to be investigated ‘¢ when an investigation is required ‘* who will investigate incidents ‘© what forms are to be used ‘* what records are to be kept ‘© what sort of follow-up is required or expected. ‘The safety program could also specify accident investigation training for specific project. staff such as superintendent, health and safety representatives, and forepersons.28 Although it takes place after the fact, a thorough investigation may uncover hazards or problems that can be eliminated in the future. After causes have been determined, prompt follow-up is required to achieve the main purpose of the investigation—preventing recurrence. Inspections and Hazard Assessments Inspections serve to identify existing or potential hazards so appropriate corrective action can be taken. Health and safely representatives are the obvious choice to carry out formal inspections. Minimum requirements for workplace inspections are specified with respect to the health and safety representative [OH&S Act, section 8(6)], the joint health and safety committee [OH&S Act section 9(23)], and the supervisor [O.Reg. 213/91, section 14(3)]. The safety program should specify @ the persons who are to perform inspections © the focus of their inspections ‘© the occasions for inspections ( © the persons to whom inspections are to be reported ‘© what forms are to be used © what records are to be kept ‘® how to follow up on deficiencies '® what qualifications the "inspector" should have. To be effective, inspectors must have knowledge of the regulations and procedures, awareness of potential hazards, experience with the processes involved, and training in inspection. ‘The inspector should first review previous inspection reports, accident investigation and maintenance reports, and safety committee minutes. A tailor-made checkist prepared by both labour and management can help ensure that no items are overlooked in an inspection. During an inspection, it is important to observe both conditions and procedures. If a hazard poses an immediate threat, take immediate action. Take notes as you identify the hazard, its exact location, and the degree of urgency (e.g., A= major, B = serious, C = minor).Health and Safety Program Planning for Construction 29 Inspections are useful only if remedial action is taken to correct shortcomings. This means that responsible parties must be advised of the problem. Site supervision and the health and safety committee should also receive copies of inspection reports. Health and Safety Promotion ‘Once the health and safety program is in place and running smoothly, effort is still required to maintain interest and motivation. ‘The effectiveness of health and safety training depends largely on the importance attached to health and safety by management. Where management actively demonstrates its concern, program interest remains high. Accountability for individual performance is a key motivator. Active promotion of a health and safety program maintains enthusiasm and shows management's sincerity and concern. Safety awareness can be enhanced by © setting realistic, measurable goals and monitoring progress © distributing pertinent information © recognizing superior safety performance ‘* conducting general meetings, toolbox talks, and one-on-one coaching © establishing a joint health and safety committee © establishing incentive programs. The last item is probably the most controversial. Incentive programs are usually based on the idea that anything that raises safety awareness is worthwhile. Itis felt by some, however, that incentive programs lead to under-reporting of accidents and the ‘walking wounded” syndrome. Programs must not encourage workers to remain at work when their physical condition puts them at risk. Any incentive program requires strict controls to prevent this from happening.30 Joint Health and Safety Committee A joint health and safety committee can lead the way in promoting the cooperation of all employees in a safety program. The OH&S Act outlines specific requirements for the formation of health and safety committees, depending on such things as the number of workers on the job, the duration of the job, or direction from the Minister of Labour. With respect to committees, the health and safety program should ensure compliance with the OH&S Act and should specity ‘© when a committee is required ‘© how many participants are required ‘© who will participate ‘© what items will be on a standard agenda ‘© where and when the committee will meet (a committee should meet at least once a month) @ how meetings will be recorded ‘© what authority members will have @ what resources are needed to support the committee. To be successful, the committee and its members must have a clear statement of purpose, duties, and formal procedures for meetings. All members—in particular the certified members—should actively take part in health and safety committee meetings. ‘Once chosen, members should address the details of the committee's structure, duties, and procedures. Deciding who has responsibility for reporting the activities of the committee should be a priority. Ina general sense, each committee member is responsible to the chaiperson(s). The committee as a whole is responsible in turn to all employees. Members shouid actively take part in the development, implementation, and monitoring of all phases of the health and safety program. An effective committee © involves subcontractors whenever possible, sometimes through worker trade committees © involves workers in problem-solving © examines accident and injury statistics and sets safety objectives, ‘© communicates accident prevention information to the workforce. Workplace Hazardous Materials Health and Safety Program Planning for Construction teviews reports of recent accidents identities and corrects hazardous conditions and practices assists in identifying the causes of hazards regularly reviews minutes of previous meetings to ensure that action has been taken. Information System (WHMIS) ‘The safety program must © satisly the requirements of the WHMIS regulations: © ensure compliance with all other relevant legislation © provide for the control of hazardous materials entering the site @ provide for the control of worker exposure to hazardous materials. To meet the above requirements, the safety program should spacity © labeling requirements for supplier and workplace labels © where material safety data sheets will be located © worker training requirements @ who is to train workers ‘© when and where training will take place. WHMIS training and education should include ‘© application of the WHMIS “right to know" © health effects of overexposure © safe handling, use, and storage of hazardous materials © emergency procedures © site-specific training © review at least annually. 31STEP 4 — IMPLEMENTATION Management Support for the Program Senior management must visibly support the program in a number of ways. © Provide resources such as time, money, and personnel. © Ensure that employees receive required training. ‘© Announce the program and distribute documentation to all employees. Instruct all employees in provisions of the program. ‘© Make safety performance a regular part of employee evaluation. ‘© Follow up to ensure that the program is being carried out on a day-to-day basis. * Establish a system for investigating, reporting, and recording accidents. Form a joint health and safety committee. '® Monitor and assess safety performance. ‘© Give special attention to new workers, new supervisors, and new members of the joint health and safety committee. ‘Apart from the intial announcement of the program by senior management, implementa- tion will largely rest with supervision and the health and safety representative or committee member. Their combined efforts are crucial to understanding and acceptance of the program. The program must be communicated to all employees, preferably in the form of a single written document. The main document should refer as well to any separate manuals developed for program elements such as accident investigation. Besides the main document, artcies, bulletins, and posters prominently displayed will help reinforce the program Successful implementation also requires that safely be seen to be promoted. Supervision should make conspicuous efforts to comply with the program and to see that others comply as well. Supervisors must act immediately to stop violations and make it clear that such behaviour will not be permitted.Health and Safety Program Planning for Construction 33 STEP 5 — EVALUATION Program evaluation can be thought of as an ongoing internal audit designed to measure and improve the program ‘© ensure that standards are being met © ensure that desired results are being produced © determine needed modifications in policy, plan, or program © measure the effect of training. Accident frequency and severity rates are limited and often unreliable indicators of the effectiveness of a health and safety program. This is partly because cases of occupational disease are under-reported in these statistics and because the emphasis is on injury-producing accidents, not all accidents. Since accidents are relatively rare, in small organizations the basis for comparison may be limited and subject to chance. Rather than relying solely on after-the-event measures such as injury frequency, a safety audit seeks to prevent accidents from happening in the first place. A more valid comparison from year to year or site to site then becomes possible. Ongoing review of all program elements permits the adjustment of priorities for future action to ensure health and safety. The audit includes a checklist, with each element subdivided into questions. Each question is given a weighting factor, depending on importance. Records, observations, interviews, and questionnaires are then used to evaluate performance under each elementA number of audit systems are available, including one from the Construction Safety Association of Ontario. ftmay be advisable to supplement regular annual audits with more frequent reviews of key program elements. The audit team, which should include representation from the joint health and safety committee, must receive appropriate training in audit procedures. Identification of weaknesses in the health and safety program is not enough. Little is achieved without procedures to ensure prompt corrective follow-up. Procedures should include target dates for remedial action and checks to confirm completion. ‘The program development team addressing evaluation must determine . who will do the evaluation how evaluations are to be conducted how often evaluations are to be conducted what jobs or tasks are to be evaluated. Evaluation should include a number of key activities. © Review key elements in the program frequently. Identity weaknesses in the health and safety program. Ensure prompt follow-up to correct deficiencies. ‘© Compare accident and injury statistics with previous years and previous jobs. Ensure that evaluation is ongoing. Ensure that evaluation involves the site supervisor and safety representative, CONCLUSION ‘The development, implementation, and maintenance of an effective health and safety program is not easy. it may be useful to plan a comprehensive program, assign priorities to key elements, and implement them in stages. Success depends on management, supervisors, and workers carrying out their individual responsibilities and working together in a cooperative climate.Model Health and Safety Program Development Worksheets Introduction The following Model Health and Safety Program is designed to help management and labour develop and review their own health and safety programs. Although some of the elements and their contents presented here may fit the reader's circumstances, in general this Model Program will have to be adapted to. suit the specific needs of the project or organization. Some of the Model's elements state specific responsibilities or specific steps to follow; others simply offer a list of things to consider when developing a procedure. tt is hoped that for many, this Model Program will serve as a useful starting point for building a successful health and safety program.Model Program — Major PartiesMajor parties CEO of company/Company president 1) Prepare and review at least annually a written corporate occupational health and safety policy. 2) Assign and review the development of an occupational health and safety program to implement the policy. 3) Provide the necessary resources to implement, support, and enforce the health and safety policy and program within the company. (Note that the provisions of the Occupational Health and Safety Act and construction regulations address the minimum requirements for the control of health and safety hazards.) 4) Promote the exchange of health and safety information with outside groups such as regional labour-management health and safety committees and trade associations. 5) Review accident reports and communicate with government agencies, unions, and other organizations regarding legally required notices respecting critical injuries, accidents, incidents, and other events. See Legal Requirements for Reporting Accidents and Incidents on pages 85-87 of this datasheet. 6) Conduct an annual review meeting with project manager and superintendent. 7) Attend at least one health and safety committee meeting at a project each year. References 1) Occupational Health and Safety Act and construction regulations 2) Corporate safety policy 3)-Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet. 37Major parties 4) 5) Site project manager (if position exists) Implement, support, and enforce the safety program at the project level. ‘Communicate with the CEO on Ministry of Labour-related items such as notices respecting projects and notices of accidents and injuries. Cause a health and safety committee to be established and represent management on it. Oversee site planning and approve a site plan that takes into account access, traffic control, materials handling, storage, and sanitation. Review site fire protection and emergency response plans. Review site training plans for health and safety and ensure that adequate resources are available. Review sate work procedures for the site. Direct accident investigations on site. Review and forward reports to head office. References: 1) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 2) OH&S Actand construction regulations 3) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet. 38Major parties Site project superintendent (if position exists) 1) Assist the project manager in his or her responsibilities or take over these responsi is no project manager on the site. 2) Review the site health and safety program with supervisors and subcontractors before they start ‘work, identifying responsibilities and emphasizing cooperation among all parties. 3) Prepare and implement fire protection and emergency response plans. 4) Ensure that site security and public way protection are provided. 5) Identity special site hazards and outline appropriate safe work procedures and training requirements. 6) Establish an on-site health and safety documentation system for injury reports, Ministry of Labour orders, WHMIS, inspection reports, and other documents. 7) Coordinate health and safety functions (e.g., safe work procedures and accident investigations) involving owner/client, subcontractors, and direct-hire personnel. 8) Perform site inspections at least weekly. References: 1) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 2) OH&S Act and construction regulations 3) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet. 39Major parties Supervisor (foreperson) D) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 9) 10) 11) Provide orientation for new crew members. Implement, support, and entorce the safety program at crew level. Conduct weekly safety talks. Inspect safety equipment weekly, Review safety aspects of each task with crew. Assist in accident investigations. Report safety problems to superintendent and correct hazard immediately if possible. Inspect tools and equipment at least weekly and ensure that they are properly maintained. Ensure housekeeping is done at least daily. Review MSDSs with crew before using hazardous materials. Review minutes of safety meetings, Ministry of Labour orders, and safety directives with crew. Note: Candidates for supervision should have a good knowledge of the OH&S Act and construction regulations, as well as knowledge of the trade and well-developed communications skills. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) References: CSAO Safety Talks (V005) and Safety Tips (TP series) Orientation booklet Corporatersite health and safety program manual MSDSs Safety reference materials.Major parties r Health and safety representative A health and safety representative is required when there are between 6 and 19 workers regularly employed in the workplace. 1) _ Inspect the work areas weekly to identity hazards. 2) Report hazards and make written recommendations to supervisor or superintendent. 3) Attend and participate in health and safety meetings on site. 4) Assist in the review of the health and safety program for the project. 5) Help to implement the health and safety program. 6) Assist in accident investigation. References: 1) OH&S Act and construction regulations 2) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 3) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet 4) CSAO Construction Health and Safety Representative Training Program 5) MSDS binder on site. aMajor parties Health and safety committee A joint health and safety committee is required when there are 20 or more workers regularly employed in the workplace. 1) Meet once every two weeks (or as otherwise agreed). 2) Make written recommendations on H & S matters to the superintendent/project manager. 3) Assist in review of the site safety program. 4) Support the implementation and maintenance of the site safety program. 5) Review inspection and accident reports. 6) Review reports from the worker trades committee. 7) _ Assist in arbitration of enforcement issues. 8) Review the committee membership to keep it representative of site conditions and workforce. On projects employing more than 50 workers and lasting more than three months, at least one management representative and one worker representative must be certified by the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board. Certification training is available through CSAO. References: 1) OH&S Actand construction regulations 2) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 3) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet 4) CSAO booklet Guidelines for the Structure and Function of a Joint Health and Safety Committee (B026) 5) CSAO catalogue Products and Services (M012) 6) MSDS binder. 42Major parties: Safety support staff (e., safety coordinator, first aid attendant, health nurse) 1) 2) 4) 5) 6) 8) 9) 10) 11) 42) 13) 14) a) 16) Provide health and safety information and assistance on the project. Help in the development of the jobsite safety program. Conduct dailyiweekly site inspections. Report findings to superintendentforepersons/subconstractors. Accompany superintendent on weekiy inspections. Prepare a weekly inspection report, Provide on-site health and safety training (e.g., WHMIS, PPE, designated substances, confined spaces) and maintain records. Act as secretary to the health and safety committee. Assist in development of the emergency response plan, Assist in accident investigations and reporting. Assist with safety talks. Lead the rescue/first aid crews. Accompany Ministry of Labour or other government inspectors on site. Arrange for selection, procurement, and distribution of PPE for direct-hire employees. ‘ake responsibility for inspection, maintenance, and use of special safety equipment such as SCBA, gas detectors, and other instruments. Oversee first aid facilities. --/continued 43References: 1) OH&S Act and construction regulations 2) CSAO Products and Services catalogue (M012), training courses, and other CSAO resources 3) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 4) WHMIS training materials and MSDS binder 5) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet.Major parties Workers ) 2) 4) 5) 6) Work safely in accordance with the corporate health and safety policy and program, and with the project health and safety program (including the OH&S Act and construction regulations). ns to their supervisor after taking appropriate immediate action. Report hazards or unsafe con Report all accidents, injuries, and near misses to their supervisor. Initiate emergency response plans when necessary. Clean up their own work area at least daily. Inspect PPE before use and report defects or damage to supervisor. References: 1) OH&S Act and construction regulations 2) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 3) MSDS binder.Major parties Worker trades committee 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) A joint health and safety committee must establish a Worker Trades Committee to assist it on all projects employing more than 49 workers and lasting more than three months. Identify hazards within their trades. Notify supervision and the joint health and safety committee of findings. Make written recommendations to the joint health and satety committee. Meet as often as required by the joint health and safety committee. Assist in the development of sate work procedures when appropriate. NOTE: Members must be employed on the site. References: 1) OH&S Act and construction regulations 2) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 3) CSAO Products and Services catalogue (M012). 4) Guidelines for the Structure and Function of a Worker Trades Committee (B028) 46eet Major parties Subcontractors y 2) 3) 4 5) 8) 7 8) 9) 10) 11) Before commencing work, ensure compliance with project health and safety policy and program and make it clear to employees that failure to do so could result in termination of contract. Provide training in the requirements of the site safety policy and program. Coordinate all work activities through the site superintendent. Provide, inspect, and maintain PPE as required for direct-hire employees. Monitor site conditions daily and record all injuries, accidents, or near misses. Conduct clean-up of work areas at least daily. Conduct regular safety toolbox talks for employees and provide site-specific training as required. Provide compensation and time necessary to employees who participate on safety committees. Provide adequate facilities (e.g., lunch area, washup area and toilets, tool storage, and first aid) for employees. Notify superintendent of any lost-time injuries, medical aid cases, and reportable occurrences on the project. Cooperate in accident investigations. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) References: OH&S Act and construction regulations Corporate/site health and safety program manual Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet CSAO Satety Talks (V005) and Safety Tips (TP series) MSDS binder. 47Model Program — Major Components Introduction The following pages address primarily the administrative aspects of imple- menting a heaith and safety program. In most cases the information in this Model will have to be supplemented by more detailed procedures suited to the specific project or company. ‘The Construction Safety Association’s data sheets on many of these topics provide useful information for the development of specific procedures.Administration Subcontractor ‘Subcontractor ‘Subcontractor Project manager! ‘subcontractor ‘Subcontractor Contract safety CEO/Project manager a Resources Needed: 1) Contract documents 2) Health and safety policy and program (subcontractors) 3) Corporatelsite health and safety program manual 4) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet. 1) Prior to bidding, ensure that tender documents include a copy of the safety program. 2) Provide safety performance records with bids. 3) Comply with the general contractor's salety policy and program. 4) Warn of risk of termination of contract or other penalties in case of non-compliance with safety program. 5) Consider as negotiable the costs involved in subcontractor representation on health and safety or worker trades committee (documentation required). 6) Accept responsibility for all training required by the health and safety program. Notes: 49Administration Health and safety policy CEO 1) Review policy annually and amend it as necessary. 2) Ensure policy is communicated to all staff and subcontractors. 3) Review comments on policy received from H&S committee, project ‘managers, and superintendents. Project manager, 4) Review safety policy at least annually for effectiveness and superintendent, appropriateness, and provide comments to CEO. H&S committee 5) Implement and support the policy at the project level. For sample policies, see pages 87-88 in this data sheet. Resources Needed: 1) Company health and safety policy 2) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet. Notes: 50Administration Development of H & S guidelines and new work procedures Safety staff, 1) When need is identified, assemble information to help define problem. H&S committee Safety statt 2) Obtain information to help develop the new procedure. ‘Superintendent, 3) Review the information and make recommendations. H&S committee Safety staff 4) Prepare draft quideline/procedure for review by H&S committee. ‘Superintendent, 5) Review drat. H&S committee Safety staff 6) Distribute copies of final draft to committee members and post on notice board. ‘Superintendent, 7) As needed, address new or revised guidelines/procedures as weekly safety staff safety talk topics. H&S committee Safety staff, 8) Monitor the effectiveness of the new/revised procedures. H&S reps: ‘Superintendent, 9) Circulate copies to head office and to other projects as needed. H&S committee Safety staff and 10) Add copies to site safety program. H&S committee Resources Needed: 1) OH&S Actand construction regulations 2) CSAO reference materials 3) CSA, NIOSH, ASTM, UL, and other standards. Notes: 51Administration Enforcement/Discipline Project manager, _1) Take disciplinary action when necessary for non-compliance with the superintendent, health and safety policy or program. supervision The graduated steps a supervisor might take include a) verbal warning b) first written warning ©) second written warning 4) discipiinary action. Project manager, __2) Discipline employees in accordance with policy. superintendent, supervision H&S committee 3). Discuss enforcement and discipline issues as regular agenda items at each meeting. H&S committee 4) Assist in resolving enforcementidiscipline issues. CEO 5) Review overall safety performance of the project at least annually and consider the results when determining job performance of project management team. Resources Needed: Corporate health and safety policy and program Notes:Administration Accident investigation Safety staff, 1) Initiate investigation of ‘superintendent —fatalities — critical injuries —lost-time injuries — medical aid accidents - occupational illnesses — major close calls including crane failures and falsework failures — any workers fall-arrested by a harness or safety belt — property damage exceeding $500. Safety staff, 2) Conduct accident investigations as outlined in the CSAO data sheet superintendent Accident Investigation (DS029). Safety staff, 8) Inform head office immediately of any events requiring investigation. superintendent Safety staff 4) Inform H&S committee and reps of all accidents and incidents requiring investigation. CEO/Project 5) When informed of an event to be investigated, ensure that all necessary manager contacts and reports are made. NOTE: Preliminary reports are to be submitted to superintendent/ project manager within 48 hours. Detailed reports are to be submitted within seven days. See pages 85-87. Resources Needed: 3) WSIB Form 7 1) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 2) CSAO data sheet Accident Investigation (0S029) 4) OH&S Act and construction regulations. Notes:Administration —~ Records and reporting 4 Superintendent, 1) Establish a system to document, maintain, and keep records on all project manager, injuries, accidents, and incidents on site to comply with the OH&S Act and safety staff construction regulations, and the Workplace Safety and Insurance Act. Safety staff, 2) Keep records of all orientation, training, and safety meetings on site and ‘superintendent keep minutes of safety meetings. Safety staff 3) Maintain records of site inspections and safety audits and the follow-up actions, including any Ministry of Labour orders. Safety staff 4) Monitor injury frequency rates. Safety staff, 5) Compile a monthly report on all health and safety activities and ‘superintendent occurrences on site and provide it to head office and to the health and safety committee on a regular basis. Safety staff, 6) Ensure that any accidents or incidents requiring investigation are reported ‘superintendent immediately to head office and to the health and safety committee. Safety staif, 7) Report Ministry of Labour orders and inspection reports immediately to superintendent head office and to the health and safety committee. See Legal Requirements for Reporting Accidents and incidents on pages 85-87 of this data ‘sheet. Resources Needed: 1) OH&S Act and construction regulations 2) Corporate health and safety policy and program 3) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet 4) CSAO data sheet Accident Investigation (DS029) 5) CSAO documents RFOOI, RFO20, RFO22, RFO21, RFO26, and PO85. Notes: iAdministration CEO CEO CEO Safety staff ‘Superintendent, safety staff ‘Superintendent, project manager ‘Superintendent, project manager Superintendent, project manager ‘Superintendent, safety staff Resources Need Compliance with the law [auc ee eee eee eee eee eee ee eee eee eee 1) OH&S Actand construction regulations 2) Corporatelsite health and safety program manual | 3) CSAO booklet Guidelines for the Structure and Function of a Joint Health and Safety Committee (B026) 4) CSAO data sheet Accident Investigation (DS029) 5) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet. 1) Require compliance in corporate activities with the OH&S Act and construction regulations and other relevant legislation, including Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, asbestos regulations, Environmental Protection Act, Workplace Safety and insurance Act, ROPS regulations, and WHMIS. 2) Prepare a corporate health and safety policy and review it annually. 3) Provide the resources for, and cause to be produced, a health and safety program, and have it reviewed annually. 4) Inform head office of new health and safety legislation and update the health and safety program and activities as required on site. 5) Accompany government inspectors on site inspections. 6) Cause the formation of a health and safety committee on jobs that require one and provide the necessary time and resources for itto function. Cause a safety representative to be selected on jobs that require one. 7) Require jobsite compliance with the corporate health and safety program, including the OH&S Act and construction regulations. 8) Require jobsite compliance with the OH&S Act and construction regulations and with other applicable legislation, including WHMIS, Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act, Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, designated substance regulations, and the Environmental Protection Act; and provide the necessary resources 9) Ensure that on the jobsite the OH&S Act and construction regulations are complied with as a minimum standard, 55Emergency planning Emergency response plan Project manager 1) Provide emergency response plan checklist. Allparties 2) Ensure that emergency response plan specifies — location of access routes that must be kept clear — location of first aid stations ~ location of emergency phone numbers and fire extinguishers = provision for training all workers in the emergency response plan ~ provision for creation of a fire brigade if project size warrants. location of nearest hospital and fastest route. Safety staff 3) Ensure that protective equipment, first aid supplies and equipment, fire extinguishers, and necessary forms and literature are on site. Safety staff 4) Identify emergency assembly areas and reporting stations. Safety statt 5) Familiarize fire department with site and hazards. Allparties 6) Review the emergency response pian after all emergencies and make needed changes. Safety staff 7) Select and train the emergency response team. Safety statt 8) Prepare orientation information for new employees/subcontractors. Resources Needed: 1) OH&S Act and construction regulations 2) Report forms 3) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 4) CSAO Emergency Response poster (P103) Notes: 56Emergency planning Emergency communications plan a) Superintendent, 1) Conduct a meeting at start of project to make supervisors and subs aware safety coordinator of the emergency plan and to outline their duties. Safety staff, 2) Instruct workers to notity their foreperson when an accident occurs. The subcontractors foreperson (or worker, if foreperson not available) will call an ambulance and/or the fire department or any other emergency service that should be notified. 3) Make sure the accident site is secure against continuing or further hazards, then notify the superintendent, safety staff, and H & S rep/committee. Supervision 4) Make sure the access route is cleared for emergency vehicles. Safety staff 5) Accompany the superintendent to the accident location to establish the severity of the accident and provide help and guidance. ‘Superintendent 6) Once everything is under control, contact company head office, Ministry of Labour, and other appropriate agencies. Resources Needed: 1) Emergency phone numbers 2) Outline of procedures and policy 3) OH&S Act and construction regulations 4) CSAO data sheet Accident Investigation (0S029). Notes: 87Emergency planning Medical/First aid requirements ( Superintendent, 1). Provide resources and set up medicalfirst aid facilities to comply with safety staff Workplace Safety and Insurance Act, and first aid regulations, Superintendent, 2). Ensure that designated employees have completed first aid training and safety coordinator possess current certificates and that their names are known and posted in the superintendent's office and first aid station. Safety statt 3) Monitor the first aid station and post details of trained first aid personnel on site. Safety staff, 4) When an accident occurs, the first trained person on location will ‘supervision, administer first aid. This trained person will then have someone notify the trained workers superintendent, the foreperson (if the superintendent is not available), and the health and safety representative. Superintendent, 5)_Assess the severity of the injury and ensure that protection has been safety staff provided against continuing or turther hazards. Safety staff, 6) Aperson trained in first aid will stay with the injured person until help ( trained workers arrives, and will inform medical personnel of first aid treatment given. Safety statt, 7) Record first aid treatment or advice given to the injured person. supervision, trained workers Superintendent, 8). Provide immediate transportation to a hospital, doctor's office, or the supervision worker's home, if emergency vehicle transportation is not available. Resources Needed: 1) Personnel trained in first aid 2) First aid equipment and supplies 3) First aid station 4) MSDS binder. Notes: 58Emergency planning Fire/Explosion prevention Project manager, 1) Ensure right from the start of the project that the site is in compliance with superintendent local fire protection and prevention regulations and the corporate health and safety program (including OH&S Actand construction regulations). Safety coordinator 2). Ensure that fire fighting stations are in place and that the fire extinguishers are checked at least monthly. Superintendent 3). Ensure that fire routes are kept clear and in good repair. Superintendent, 4). Regularly review the requirements for work with flame- or spark-producing ‘safety coordinator equipment and its proximity to flammable and combustible material. Safety coordinator 5) ‘Ensure safe storage of flammable and combustible material and compressed gases. Safety coordinator 6) When the worksite is in an existing plant, ensure that all workers comply with the owner's requirements for fire safety. Superintendent, 7) Set up fire brigade if the size of the project warrants one. safety coordinator Safety staff 8) Post warning signs for all fire and explosion hazards. Safety staff 9) For all materials on site, including process materials, review MSDSs for special firefighting precautions and provide necessary equipment and training. Resources Needed: 1) Project manager's safety audit sheet (see page 83 of this data sheet) 2) Fire extinguishers 3) WHMIS regulations 4) OHA&S Act and construction regulations 5) Corporate /site heatth and safety program manual. Notes: 59Inspection and hazard assessment Site management Safety staff 1 Tour the site at least daily, noting any hazards or unsafe practices. Immediately take action on deficiencies and keep records for follow-up. 4) MSDS binder Subcontractors, 2). Check daily that work areas are kept free of hazards. supervision ‘Superintendent, 3) Examine the follow-up records weekly. Superintendent will ensure that safety coordinator outstanding items are corrected immediately. Projectmanager, 4) Complete the “Safety Audit Sheet" and the “Job Operations and superintendent Conditions Sheet" monthly and discuss contents (See Appendices to this data sheet). Superintendent, __5)_Ensure that for official government inspections, a management safely staff representative accompanies the official on the tour and provides requested information. Safoty staff, 6) Ensure that management representatives cooperate and provide superintendent requested information during unannounced workplace inspections by government agencies. Resources Needed: 4) Project manager's “Safety Audit” sheet (see page 83 of this data sheet) 2) “Job Operations and Conditions” sheet (see page 84 of this data sheet) 3) OHS Act and construction regulations 5) Corporate/site health and safety program manual. Notes:Inspection and hazard assessment Health and safety rep/Health and safety committee 2) MSDS binder Labour H&S rep 1) Conduct regular inspections of the project (weekly or every two weeks suggested). Labour H&S rep —_—-2),- Report findings and make written recommendations to superintendent and/or to safety staff. H&S committee 3). When there is more than one labour H&S rep, select one rep to conduct inspection OR divide the project and the inspection among themselves. H&S committee 4) Report findings and make recommendations to the superintendent and/or safety staff. H&S committee 5) Determine the time needed to conduct inspections. H&S committee 6) Conduet intormal inspections during normal duties and report hazards or problems to the supervisor involved or to the superintendent. Resources Needed: 1) OH&S Actand construction regulations 3) Corporate/site health and safety program manual. 61Inspection and hazard assessment Government inspections Project manager, 1) Accompany the government inspector on site inspections (@.g., Ministry of superintendent Labour or Ministry of the Environment; Technical Standards and Safety Authority; local police or fire departments). 2) Furnish assistance during inspections. 3) Post notices, orders or other items as required. 4) Notity head office of any problems identified by government inspectors. 5) Advise H&S representative or committee of results of government inspections. Resources Needed: 1) OH&S Act and construction regulations 2) Environmental Protection Act 3) Other relevant legislation and regutations. Notes:Inspection and hazard assessment Project manager’s safety audit form Site management Complete "Project Manager's Safety Audit” form and “Job Operations and Conditions” sheet (see Appendices)at start of job and at least monthly. Review findings at safety meetings and follow up to ensure remedial action. Resources Needed: See pages 83-84, Notes:WHMIS Safety staff 1) Obtain and review MSDSs for materials to be used on site. Keep them in a readily accessible binder in site superintendent's office. Subcontractors 2) Provide MSDSs for materials before materials arrive on site. Safety staff 3) Ensure materials delivered to site have WHMIS supplier/workplace labels. Safety statt 4) Keep blank workplace labels in a WHMIS supplies file with the MSDS binder. Superintendent, _5)_Ensure that workers have identification indicating completion of WHMIS subcontractors training. Supervision, 6) For workers without WHMIS training, provide instruction in specific subcontractors hazards prior to work with or near hazardous materials. Safety staff 7) Provide WHMIS training within three weeks of hiring. Safety stat 8) Provide WHMIS training for untrained, direct-hire employees, and for ‘subcontractors’ workers. Resources Needed: 1) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 2) MSDS binder and blank workplace labels 3) CSAO data sheet WHMIS in Construction (0S028) 4) Training area. Notes:Orfentation and training New worker orientation Safety staff 1) Prepare orientation checklist for new workers signing on and compile records of orientation. Superintendent 2). Provide orientation to subcontractors and emphasize contract requirement for subcontractors to provide orientation for their own direct-hire personnel at signing-on. Supervision 3) Review orientation checklist with each new member of crew and return copy to safety staf for recording. Subcontractors 4) Provide site orientation at signing-on to direct-hire and subtrades under their direction. Copies of completed orientation checklists must be forwarded to the superintendent. ITEMS TO BE INCLUDED IN ORIENTATION: 1) Explanation of project and of employee duties. 2) Provision of a copy of the safety policy and program. ‘3 Requirements for personal protective equipment. 4) Accident reporting procedures. 5) Location of first aid, fire extinguishers, telephones, and emergency numbers. 6) Emergency procedure details. 7) Location and details of specific project hazards. 8) Location of too! handling and storage area. 9) Location of parking, lunch area, and tollets. 10) Project telephone number and absentee reporting procedure. 11) Name of site health and safety representative/joint H & S committee members. 12) Location of any hazardous substances and their MSDSs, and confirmation that workers are trained in WHMIS. 13) Fall protection training and record of training. --/continued 65Resources Needed: 1) OH&S Act and construction regulations 2) Comporate/site health and safety program manual 3) CSAO WHMIS training 4) Orientation checklist 5) CSAO Basics of Fall Protection training program. Notes: 66Orientation and training Subcontractors’ orientation —_—_—_—_| Superintendent, 1) Before work begins, ensure that all employees are given a briefing on general contractor site safety policy and program by the general contractor's safety staff. or project manager, safety staff, subcontractor, ‘supervision Subcontractor, 2) Ensure that employees are properly licensed, qualified as required by ‘supervision contract, or trained for their duties. ‘Subcontractor, 3) Provide training to workers in safe use of power tools and equipment. supervision ‘Subcontractor, 4) Conduct regular weekly toolbox talks in addition to specific hazard training supervision when required. Subcontractor, 5) Provide and maintain necessary safety equipment for employees. ‘supervision ‘Subcontractor, 6) Explain site discipline procedures to employees. supervision Resources Needed: Corporate/site health and safety program manual. Notes: 67Orientation and training Training of supervisors In addition to their trade knowledge, supervisors must have a sound theoretical and practical understanding of the following. Projectmanager, 1) The site safety program superintendent, subcontractors 2) OHAS Actand construction regulations 3) WHMIS 4) Site emergency response plan 5) First aid and CPR 6) Accident and injury reporting and investigation procedures 7) Hazard assessment in their areas of expertise and topics appropriate for | toolbox talks 8) Fall protection. Resources Needed: 1) Corporate site health and safety program manual 2) OH&S Act and construction regulations 3) CSAO resource packages and training programs, including Safety Talks (V005) and Basics of Fall Protection (M054KIT). Notes: 68Orientation and training Safety meetings Note: All meetings require a written agenda prepared in advance, plus time for new business. General contactor, 1) Contractor's safety meeting (monthly) — minutes required CEO, superintendent, project manager, subcontractors, safety coordinator General contractor, 2). Safety orientation meeting (at hiring) — attendance recorded superintendent, project manager, safety coordinator, ‘subcontractors Gen. contractor rep., 3) Project health and safety committee meeting (every two weeks) with subcontractor rep., minutes of proceedings safety coordinator, H&S rep Selected trades reps 4) Trades committee meeting (every two weeks) — minutes required Supervision and 5) Toolbox talks (weekly) — subject and attendance recorded. workers Resources Needed: 1) Corporatelsite health and safety program manual 2) CSAO's Safety Talks (V005). Notes: 69Orlentation and training Toolbox talks ‘Supervision 1) Conduct talks weekly or as needed for duration of the project. Supervision 2) Include general safety topics and specific project hazards such as safe use of ladders, fall-arrest equipment, and power tools. Site supervision 3) Record meeting topic, attendance, and duration. Site supervision 4) Keep toolbox talks brief — 5 minutes for presentation and 5 minutes for discussion and feedback. Site supervision 5) Do not use this time as a job progress or discipline meeting. Site safety 6) Keep on hand a supply of current safety material on various subjects. coordinator Resources Needed: 1) CSAO's Safety Talks (V005) 2) CSAO resource materials. Notes: 70Safe work procedures Tagging and lockout ‘Supervision, 1) Before work begins and as needed, identify all energy sources on the site safety staff project requiring tagging and lockout procedures. NOTE: A company lockout procedure should have already been developed. Superintendent 2). Develop a job-specitic tagging and lockout procedure or apply the company procedure to the job. Superintendent 3) Ensure that work- and site-specific tagging and lockout procedures conform with requirements of the health and safety program. Supervision, 4) Conduct general and system-specific tagging and lockout training. site safety statt Supervision, 5) Provide workers with tags, individual keys, padlocks, and scissors. | site safety staff ) | supervision, subs, 6) Explain that failure to comply with tagging and lockout procedures wil workers result in disciplinary action. Supervision, subs, 7) If secure lockout of an energy source is not possible, consult workers superintendent and owner/client. Supervision, 8) Check that all workers are clear of work area before re-energizing the workers system. Supervision, 9) Obtain owner/client’s authority to re-energize any system, especially in a workers project that has been shut down. Resources Needed: 1) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 2) Individual safety locks, scissor clamps, and tags for workers 3) Circuit diagrams and process controt schematics as required. Notes raSafe work procedures Hot work ‘Superintendent 1) Before job begins, identify hot work areas and mark on site plan or drawings. ‘Superintendent 2) Develop appropriate hot work procedures as required. ‘Superintendent, 3) Review hot work procedures at pre-job meetings with subs and site safety staff supervision. Site safety staff 4) Review and conduct training for emergency plan. Post emergency phone numbers (see Emergency Planning in this data sheet). Supervision, 5) Comply with hot work procedures and, if required, obtain a hot work ‘subcontractors permit from the owner/client. Site safety staff 6) Conduct or arrange for gas testing and monitoring as needed. Supervision, 7) Assign fire watch and safety person as required. subcontractors Resources Needed: 1) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 2) Site layout to identify hazard areas 3) Hot work ("Safe Work”) permits as required 4) Signs, barricades, and equipment as required by health and safety program. Notes: 72Sate work procedures Confined spaces ‘Superintendent 41) Before work begins, notify local utility or Ontario Hydro for work on electrical vaults. Superintendent, 2) Before work begins, identify confined space locations and work areas on site safety staff site plan, and identify confined space work procedures required. Subcontractors 3) Unless otherwise notified, take responsibility for any confined space ‘equipment and training for their employees. Supervision 4) Before work begins, obtain “Safe Work Permit" from client if required and follow confined space work procedures appropriate for the jobsite. Supervision 5) Before work begins, provide necessary ventilation, breathing apparatus, safety staff, and rescue equipment. Site safety staf 6) Before work begins, provide confined spaces training and conduct or arrange for gas testing and monitoring of the confined space atmosphere. Site safety staff, 7) Test respiratory and rescue equipment before use. workers Resources Needed: 41) Site plan 2) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 3) OH&S Actand construction regulations 4) CSAO data sheet Confined Spaces in Construction (DS020) and training for confined spaces 5) Required equipment for testing, warning, and rescue. Notes: 73‘Safe work procedures Housekeeping ea Subcontractors, 1) Arrange for work areas to be cleaned up at least daily, and for debris to supervision be dumped in containers provided by the general contractor. Superintendent 2) Plan for and provide adequate access routes, waste storage locations and facilities, garbage chutes, and temporary lighting. Site safety staff 3) Conduct regular inspections as required to monitor housekeeping and to identify related hazards. For frequency, see Inspection and Hazard Assessmentin this data sheet. Supervision, 4) Review housekeeping problems and requirements as a specific agenda site safety staff item in safety meetings with all workers. Subcontractors, 5) Ensure that all waste and debris that might create a hazard is cleaned up. ‘supervision NOTE: When subcontractors’ waste and debris create a hazard and are not cleaned up in a reasonable time, they will be cleaned up by the general contractor at the expense of the subcontractor. Resources Needed: 1) Site planvlayout 2) Inspection report fle 3) Disposal containers and dumpsters, and a removal schedule 4) Containers and labeling for hazardous wastes 5) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 6) Relevant sections of this CSAO data sheet. Notes: 74‘Safe work procedures Electrical safety ‘Superintendent, 1) Locate electrical contact hazards on the site (e.g., powerlines) and site safety staff arrange protective measures (e.9., in conjunction with local hydro. authorities). Superintendent, 2)_Ensure that all electrical systems comply with the Electrical Safety Code. site safety staff Site safety staff 3) Provide electrical hazard training for all workers. Site safety staff 4) Conduct regular inspections of extension cords, power cords, and temporary lighting. Site safety staff, 5) Ensure that GFCIs are used on site. supervision, subcontractors Site safety staff, 6) Make sure that only CSA-approved electrical tools and equipment are supervision, used on site, ‘subcontractors Site safety staff 7) Ensure that there are enough workers with first aid and CPR training on site. Subcontractors 8). Ensure that all equipment and practices comply with the health and safety policy and program. pt Resources Needed: 4) Site plan to locate hazard areas 2) Corporate/site health and safety program manual, 3) Corporate purchasing policy requiring CSA-approved equipment 4) CSA standards 5) Electrical Safety Code. Notes: 75‘Safe work procedures Lifting and hoisting yl Superintendent 4) Specify the required reach and capacity for all lifting and hoisting equipment during site planning. Superintendent 2) Before work begins, identify overhead powerlines and any other site hazards. Contact the local utility or Ontario Hydro to insulate or disconnect as required. Superintendent, 8) Ensure that lifting and hoisting equipment brought on-site is in good ‘subcontractors working condition and is used only within its safe working capacity. Ensure that inspection and maintenance programs are up-to-date and that all licences and maintenance logs are signed, up-to-date, and kept with the equipment. Supervision, 4) Ensure that equipment operators and service personnel are fully subcontractors, qualified and competent. Supervision, 5) Ensure that rigging personnel are competent and know proper subcontractors hand signals. Subcontractors, 6) Emphasize that misuse of equipment will result in disciplinary action ( supervision and possible dismissal ‘Supervision, 7) Inspect hoisting equipment, crane setup, clearances, and related items. subs, safety staff Subcontractors, 8) Ensure that adequate storage and regular inspection is provided for safety staff slings, chokers, and rigging hardware. Supervision, 9) Keep all workers, except those involved in a lift, clear of hoisting subcontractors ‘equipment during operation, Resources Needed: 1) Corporate /site health and safety program manual 2) Equipment maintenance logs 3) OHAS Act and construction regulations 4) Copies of equipment manuals and load charts K 5) CSAO rigging programs and manuals. 76Safe work procedures Suspended access equipment Superintendent, 1) Before and during use, ensure that all equipment supplied is properly subcontractors maintained, in good working order, and adequate for the job. Supervision, 2) Before rigging suspended access equipment, prepare a written work subcontractors plan showing anchor and tieback locations for various drops. Supervision, 3) Inspect drop location for hazards such as overhangs, projections or workers powerlines. Supervision 4) Prior to use, inspect all suspended access equipment setups for compliance with the health and safety program manual and construction regulations. Supervision, 5) Ensure that all workers using suspended access equipment have subcontractors, ‘completed CSAO's training program and have a valid CSAO course completion card. Resources Needed: 1) CSAO training on suspended access 2) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 3) CSAO data sheet Suspended Access Equipment (DS026) 4) Waming signs, barriers, and other accessories as needed 5) Sample roof sketch and work plan for suspended access. Notes: 7‘Safe work procedures Vehicle safety Superintendent __1)_Before work begins, identify and mark on site plan access routes and delivery and storage locations. Superintendent 2). Designate parking areas on site. Supervision, 3) Ensure that regular maintenance, safety inspection, and current licences subcontractors, are provided for all site vehicles. safety staff Supervision, 4) Permit only qualified personnel to operate site vehicles. subcontractors, safely staff Supervision, 5) Assign signalpersons for vehicle backup when biind spots obscure subcontractors driver's vision. (Signalperson should be identified by wearing a blaze orange vest or equivalent.) 6) Forbid unauthorized riders on site vehicles. subcontractors Resources Needed: 1) Comorate/site health and safety program manual 2) Required roads signs and barriers 3) CSAO site planning course 4) Vehicle operating and maintenance manuals. Notes: 78Sate work procedures as needed Notes: Traffic control ‘Superintendent, 1) Before the job begins, obtain necessary local government approvals. ‘supervision Supervision, 2) Include general traffic control and safety procedures in orientation. safety staff Supervision 3) Prepare written traffic control instructions in a language the traffic control person understands, provide training, and keep records of training. Supervision 4) Plan for and obtain all necessary traffic control equipment and materials, including PPE. Supervision 5) Review traffic contro! practices daily or as required for the protection of workers and the public. Resources Needed: 1) MTO's Traffic Manual for Roadway Work Operations 2) CSAO's manual Guldelines for Training Traffic Control Persons (M019) 3) Traffic control plan sketch for the project 4) Fixed waming and directional signs, hand-held signs, barriers, cones, and other accessories 5) Traffic control person's PPE, including reflective vest and highly visible rainwear 6) Corporate/site health and safety program manual. 7) CSAO Handbook for Construction Traffic Control Persons (B016) PECEEEEE CE CSS eee ceo See See Ce teeta SeR See eet eeb Stee ee SeRe Reet eer 79‘Safe work procedures Materials storage Superintendent 1) When planning the site, include adequate materials storage areas, restricted access areas, and storage enclosures. Subcontractors _-2)_Before job begins, establish materials storage requirements, delivery schedules (including MSDSs), and quantities for all materials. Superintendent 3) Atpre-job meeting, allocate storage and delivery areas and identify materials handling facilities available on site. Superintendent 4) Provide adequate lighting, security, and fire protection for storage areas. Safety statt 5) Inspect materials storage locations and facilities regularly to ensure safety of all materials, especially hazardous materials such as compressed gases and flammable liquids. Ensure that flammable liquids are stored in appropriate, marked containers. Resources Needed: 1) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 2) MSDS central file 3) OH&S Act and construction regulations 4) CSAO videotapes. Notes:Hazard control Principles of control | Princip Superintendent, 1) Before work begins, identify the physical hazards anticipated during ‘supervision, construction and provide the necessary equipment, materials, and safety staff protective equipment for safe work practices. Superintendent, 2) When planning, anticipate required safe work practices and provide safety staff needed training. Safety staff, 3) Identity hazardous chemicals to be used. Before start of project, safety subcontractors staff must obtain MSDS that subcontractors are required to provide. Subcontractors 4) Comply with the health and safety program and cooperate with other employees in identifying and controlling hazards. Superintendent, 5) Follow, in the order of priority below, these principles of hazard control: supervision, safely statt, a) Control at source by eliminating a hazard (e.g., replace a toxic with a subcontractors non-toxic chemical), by enclosing a hazard, or by providing protection against a hazard (e.g., by early installation of a permanent guardrail) b) Control along the path to workers (e.g., screens for welding flash or temporary guardrails). ©) Controt at the worker (e.9..wearing PPE or fall protection equipment). Supervision, 6) Ensure that all personnel wear required PPE in all locations on-site and safety staff emphasize that failure to comply may result in disciplinary action. Resources Needed: 1) Corporate/site health and safety program manual 2) CSAO data sheet Fundamentals of Occupational Health (DS024), manual Personal Protective Equipment: User's Gulde (M028), and Construction Health and Safety Manual (M029) 3) CSAO hazard control program 4) Training facilities as required 5) PPE as required. Notes: 81Hazard contro! Personal protective equipment (PPE) ‘Superintendent, 1) Provide head and eye protection and require that it be worn at all times by subcontractors site personnel. Supervision 2) Ensure that workers provide and wear CSA-approved footwear at all times on the jobsite. Safety staff 3) Ensure that all PPE meets CSA standards (where applicable). Safety staff 4) Include in orientation training the care and use of PPE and provide specialized training as required. ‘Superintendent, 5) Identify any hazards arising from project activities and materials and make safety staff, appropriate PPE available to all workers as required. ‘supervision, ‘subcontractors ‘Supervision 6) Make it clear that failure to comply with PPE requirements will result in disciplinary action. Supervision 7) Maintain records of training where required. Safety staff Resources Needed: 1) Corporate /site health and safety program manual 2) OH&S Act and construction regulations 3) CSAO manual Personal Protective Equipment: User's Guide (M028). Notes:Model Program — Appendices Project Manager’s Safety Audit A completed audit is to be submitted to the General Manager at the end of each month. Project name No. Person(s) conducting audit Date. | BASIC SAFETY ACTIVITIES Yes No 1. OH&S Act posted and in good condition? 2. Safety orientation for all employees? Regular safety meetings: - Toolbox talks? 2 —H&S committee? 4, Are superintendents involved? | _) 5. Are subcontractors involved? > Training or instruction for: — Superintendents? Supervisors? Workers? ™ All equipment safety-checked before use? ‘Adequate safety promotion? Safety program communication: — Reviewed? 2 @ — Handed out? 10. Appropriate records of training available? ce ‘Comments:Job Operations and Conditions Inspector: . Housekeeping/sanitation . Fire prevention and control . Electrical installations Guards on tools and equipment Ladders, walkways, ramps Scatfolds, work platforms . Personal protective equipment: ~Hard hats worn — Eye and face protection Lifelines and safety equipment — Dust masks/respiratory protection equipment 8. Cranes/noists ~ inspection and maintenance 9. Heavy equipment — operation and control 10. Motor vehicles — parking and operation 11. Barricades/handrails 12. Materials handiing/storage 13. Excavations, shoring, sloping 14, Storage of flammable/combustible liquids 15. Welding/cutting operations: — Fire controt —Flash screens, welding helmets, welding jackets — Eye protection = Cylinder storage 16. Steel erection: —Nets where needed —Fall-arrest protection Rigging practices. Negron e Adequate Action TakenLegal Requirements for Reporting Accidents The employer's duty to notify the MOL Accidents and occupational illnesses must be reported to the Ministry of Labour, the health and safety representative or JHSC, and trade union in the following circumstances: T Occurrence | What required When | By Whom | To Whom Fatality or Notify directly Immediately, by Constructor, if | * MOL Critical Injury telephone, telegram, | any, and «JHSC fax, or any direct." | employer mene *H&SRep Act, s. 51(1) Trade uni Reg. 834 for See Eee definition ‘thi Written Written report Within 48 hours by Aer MOL Content as outlined by only Reg, 213/91, s. 8 Injury (non-critical) | Notice in writing | Within 4 days of the | Employer + MOL © Content as outlined | S°eurrence + JHSC causing lost time, or by Reg. 213/91, *H&SRep requiring medical s. 9(1) in case of a eats treatment worker bat Leusdewaes © May use notice Act, s. 52(1) required by s. 212) ofthe WSI Act ‘Occupational Notice in writing | Within 4 days of || Employer *MOL Miness © Content as outlined | Peing advised -sHSC by Reg. 213/91, © H&S Rep Act, s. 52(2) . ot case of a Trade union © May use notice required by s. 21(2) of the WSI Act Prescribed Incident | Notice in writing | Within 2 days of the | Constructor of | * MOL. (see next page) Content sivas occurrence the project *JHSC - . 7 noes oi oo Reg. 213/91, * Trade union s. L1(1) for list, 85Legal Requirements for Reporting Incidents The employer's duties for notification and reporting of prescribed incidents in construction Circumstances How Soon By Whom Section When any of the following prescribed incidents occur ata project: * aworker falling a vertical distance of 3 metres or more * aworker whose fall is arrested by a fall-arrest system © aworker becoming unconscious for any reason * accidental contact by a worker or by a worker's tool or equipment with a live electrical conductor or live electrical equipment © contact by a backhoe, shovel, crane or similar lifting device or its load with an energized powerline rated at more than 750 volts structural failure of all or part of falsework designed by, or required by Regulation 213/91 to be designed by, a professional engineer ‘+ structural failure of a principal supporting member, including a column, beam, wall or truss, ora structure ‘failure of all or part of the structural supports of a scaffold * structural failure of all or part of an earth or water- retaining structure, including a failure of the ‘temporary or permanent supports for a shaft, tunnel, caisson, cofferdam or trench. * failure of a wall of an excavation or of similar ‘earthwork with respect to which a professional engineer has given a written opinion that the stability of the wall is such that no worker will be endangered by it © overturning or the structural failure of all or part of a crane or similar hoisting device Within 2 days of the occurrence In writing Constructor of the project © Act, s. 53 # Reg. 213/91, s.11() Prescribed Incidents See the next page for a summary of the information which employers’ written reports must ( contain.