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Lecture Five 2020
Lecture Five 2020
2
Review Lecture 2
Reactor Mole Balances Summary
in terms of conversion, X
Reactor Differential Algebraic Integral
X
X
dX
Batch N A0
dX
r AV t N A0
dt 0
rAV
t
FA 0 X
CSTR V
rA
X
dX V FA0
dX
PFR FA 0 rA
dV 0
rA
X
X
dX dX
PBR
FA 0 rA W FA0
3 dW 0
rA
W
Review Lecture 3
Algorithm
How to find rA f X
4
Review Lecture 3
Reaction Engineering
5
Flow System Stoichiometric Table
Fi 0 Ci 00 Ci 0 y d c b
Where: i i0 and 1
FA0 C A00 C A0 y A0 a a a
FA
Concentration – Flow System CA
6
Stoichiometry
FA
Concentration Flow System: C A
Liquid Phase Flow System: 0
Liquid Systems
FA0 1 X
C A0 1 X
FA
CA Flow Liquid Phase
0
N B N A0 b b
CB
B X C A0 B X
V V0 a a
etc.
7
Liquid Systems
If the rate of reaction were rA kCAC B
b
then we would have rA C A0
2
1 X B X
a
This gives us rA f X
FA0
rA
8
X
Stoichiometry
for Gas Phase Flow Systems
Combining the compressibility factor
equation of state with Z = Z0
P
Stoichiometry: CT
ZRT
P0
CT 0
Z 0 R0T0
FT CT
FT 0 CT 0 0
We obtain:
FT P0 T
0
FT 0 P T0
9
Stoichiometry
for Gas Phase Flow Systems
FA P T0 FT 0 FA P T0
C A FA
FT P0 T 0 FT P0 T
0
F0
Since CT 0 FT 0 0 ,
FA P T0
C A FA CT 0
FT P0 T
Substituting FT gives:
FT 0 FA0 X T P0 FA0 T P0
0 0 1 X
FT 0 T0 P FT 0 T0 P
T P0 T P0
0 1 y A0 X 0 1 X
T0 P T0 P
Where y A0
11
For Gas Phase Flow Systems
FA
Concentration Flow System: CA
0 1 X
T P0
Gas Phase Flow System:
T0 P
FA FA0 1 X C 1 X T0 P
CA A0
0 1 X
T P0 1 X T P0
T0 P
b b
FA0 B X C A0 B X
CB
FB
a
a T0 P
1 X T P0 1 X T P0
0
12 T0 P
For Gas Phase Flow Systems
If –rA=kCACB
b
1 X B a X P T 2
rA k AC A2 0 0
1 X 1 X P0 T
This gives us
FA0/-rA
13 X
For Gas Phase Flow Systems
where
d c b
1
a a a
change in total number of moles
mole of A reacted
d c b FA0
1 y A0
a a a FT 0
y A0
2 CB
2A B rA k A C A
K
C
15
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
2A B
X eb 0.703
X ef ?
Solution:
2 CB
Rate Law: rA k A C A
KC
1
A B
2
16
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
17
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
A FA0 -FA0X FA=FA0(1-X)
B 0 FA0X/2 FB=FA0X/2
1
y A0 1 1
1
2 2
At equilibrium: -rA=0
X e 1 X e
2 K C C A0
19
1 X e 2
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
dm3 mol
2 K C C A0 2 20 0.2 3 8
mol dm
1 1
y A 0 1 1
2 2
X e 0.5X e 2
8
1 2X e Xe 2
2
8.5X e 17X e 8 0
24