Online Shop BD

Submitted By:

Md. Arif Hasan ID: 2013CSE50159

Md. Sayed Hasnat ID: 2013CSE50164
Turky Akther ID: 2013CSE50172

Supervised By:

Md. Zahurul Haque, Assistant Professor

Department of CSE, Manarat International University

www.manarat.ac.bd

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Manarat International University, MIU

24 February, 2024
 Online Shop BD

A project submitted to the Department of Computer Science and Engineering of

Manarat International University to meet partial requirements of project coursework
of Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering.

Submitted By:

Md. Arif Hasan ID: 2013CSE50159

Md. Sayed Hasnat ID: 2013CSE50164
Turky Akther ID: 2013CSE50172

Supervised By:

Md. Zahurul Haque, Assistant Professor

Department of CSE, Manarat International University

www.manarat.ac.bd

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Manarat International University, MIU

24 February, 2024

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 Approval

The Project title “Online Shop BD” submitted by the following students has been
accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Engineering.

Md. Arif Hasan ID: 2013CSE50159

Md. Sayed Hasnat ID: 2013CSE50164
Turky Akther ID: 2013CSE50172

Examination held on 24 February, 2024

Approval by:
Board of Examiners

Md. Zahurul Haque, Assistant Professor

Department of Computer Science & Engineering ------------------
Manarat International University (Supervisor)

Dr. Nargis Sultana Chowdhury, Associate Professor

Dean of SEST and Head (In-Charge)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering ------------------
Manarat International University (Ex-Officio)

Mohammad Rofiqul Islam, Associate Professor

Department of Computer Science & Engineering ------------------
Manarat International University (Member)

Tanvir Ahmed, Assistant Professor

Department of Computer Science & Engineering ------------------
Manarat International University (Member)

Shreshtha Sayantika Maitra, Lecturer

Department of Computer Science & Engineering ------------------
Manarat International University (Member)

Dr. Md. Ezharul Islam, Professor

Department of Computer Science & Engineering -------------------
Jahangirnagar University (External)

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 DECLARATION

It is declared that this thesis paper is my original work and has not been submitted
in any form for another degree at any university or other institute of tertiary
education.

Md. Arif Hasan

ID: 2013CSE50159
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Md. Sayed Hasnat

ID: 2013CSE50164
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Md. Turky Akther

ID: 2013CSE50172
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, praise and thanks to Almighty Allah for alone first and for most for
everything I have been in and got. The satisfaction that accompanies the successful
completion of any task would be incomplete without the mention of people whose
ceaseless co-operation made it possible, whose constant guidance and
encouragement crown all efforts with success. I am pleased to have the opportunity
to develop a system named “Online Shop BD”. I am so much lucky and thankful to
all who make accompany with me in my journey. At first I want to thank my
honorable supervisor Md. Zahurul Haque for his inspiration, support and very
fruitful collaboration. Without his support it’s really impossible for me to complete
my project more successfully. I would like to thanks honorable teacher Muhammad
Rafiqul Islam Sir Department of Computer Science and Engineering. I am deeply
grateful to my parents for bringing me into this world and to my siblings for keeping
a warm family where I grew up. Finally, I wish to thank all of my friends and well-
wishers for their support over the time it’s taken to get this done.

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 ABSTRACT
Online Shop BD is process of doing business through computer networks. A person
sitting on his chair in front of a computer can access all the facilities of the Internet
to buy or sell the products. Unlike traditional commerce that is carried out physically
with effort of a person to go & get products, ecommerce has made it easier for human
to reduce physical work and to save time. Online shopping which was started in early
1990’s has taken a great leap in the world of computers, but the fact that has hindered
the growth of e-commerce is security. Security is the challenge facing online
shopping today & there is still a lot of advancement made in the field of security.
The main advantage of e-commerce over traditional commerce is the user can
browse online shops, compare prices and order merchandise sitting at home on their
PC. For increasing the use of Online Shopping in developing countries the B2B e-
commerce is implemented for improving access to global markets for firms in
developing countries. For a developing country advancement in the field of e-
commerce is essential. The research strategy shows the importance of the e-
commerce in developing countries for business applications. Electronic commerce
or ecommerce is a term for any type of business, or commercial transaction that
involves the transfer of information across the Internet. It covers a range of different
types of businesses, from consumer based retail sites, through auction or music sites,
to business exchanges trading goods and services between corporations. It is
currently one of the most important aspects of the Internet to emerge.

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 CONTENT

1 Introduction and Literature Reviews …………………………………………… 5

1.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………... 10

1.2 Literature Review ……………………………………………………. 10
1.3 Objective …………………………………………………………….. 11
1.4 Aim of The Project …………………………………………………… 11

2 Web Based Application …………………………………………………………… 12

2.1 Software Process ……………………………………………………… 13
2.2 Software Process Model ………………………………………………. 14
2.3 Waterfall Model ………………………………………………………. 14
2.4 V Model ………………………………………………………………. 15
2.5 Incremental Model ……………………………………………………. 16
2.6 Iterative Model ………………………………………………………... 17
2.7 RAD Model …………………………………………………………… 18
2.8 Spiral Model …………………………………………………………… 19
2.9 Agile Model …………………………………………………………… 20

3 System Implementation and Testing ……………………………………………… 22

3.1 Implementation ………………………………………………………… 22
3.2 Admin Modules …………………………………………………………. 22
3.3 User Modules …………………………………………………………… 23
3.4 Required Tools ………………………………………………………… 23
3.5 Testing Process …………………………………………………………. 23
3.6 Database Implementation ……………………………………………… 24
3.7 User Interface Layout ……………………………..…………………… 25
3.7.1 Home Page ……………………………………………………………... 25
3.7.2 User Registration Page ………………………………..……………….. 26

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 3.7.3 User Login Page ………………………………………………………… 26
3.7.4 Admin Dashboard ………………………………..……………….…….. 27
3.7.5 User Account History .………………………………..……………….... 28
3.7.6 Customer Order Placed ………………………………..……………….. 28
3.7.7 Add products ….………………………………..………………………. 29
3.7.8 Customer feedback Message …………………………..……………….. 30
3.7.9 Contact Us …………….………………………………..……………….. 30

4 Conclusion and Future Scope ……….……………………………………… 31

4.1 Conclusion ……………………………………………………….. 31
4.2 Advantages ……………………………………………………….. 31
4.3 Limitations ……………………………………………………….. 32
4.4 Scope of Future Application …………………………………….. 32

Reference ……………………………………………………………………….. 32

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 List of Figures

Figure 2.1 Waterfall Model ……………………………………….. … 15

Figure 2.2 V Model …………………………………… ……………. 16
Figure 2.3 Incremental Model ……………………………………..... 17
Figure 2.4 Iterative Model ………………………………………....... 18
Figure 2.5 Rapid Application Development (RAD) ..……………….. 19
Figure 2.6 Spiral Model …………………………………………....... 20
Figure 2.7 Agile Model …………………………………………….. 21
Figure 3.1 Database Implementation ...……………………………. 24
Figure 3.2 Database Design ...………………………………..……. 25
Figure 3.3 Home Page ...…………………...……………………… 25
Figure 3.4 User Registration Page …....…………………………… 26
Figure 3.5 User Login Page …………...…………………………. 26
Figure 3.6 Admin Dashboard ...……………….…………………… 27
Figure 3.7 User Account History…… ...…………………………….. 28
Figure 3.8 Customer Order Placed…. ...……………………………. 28
Figure 3.9 Add Products ...…………………………………….…….. 29
Figure 3.10 Customer Feedback Message ...…………………………. 30
Figure 3.11 Contact Us ...…………………………………….………. 30
Appendix A: User Guide………………………………………………….. 32
Appendix B: Data Dictionary………………………………………………33
Appendix C: User Questionnaire …………………………………………. 37
Appendix D: User Glossary……………………………………………….. 38

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 CHAPTER-1

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Online Shopping or electronic commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods
and services over the internet. It involves the use of electronic platforms, such as
websites, mobile applications, and social media, to conduct transactions between
businesses and consumers or between businesses. E-commerce has revolutionized
the way businesses operate and has created new opportunities for entrepreneurs
and consumers alike. One of the primary benefits of e-commerce is that it offers a
more convenient and efficient way to conduct business. Consumers can browse and
purchase products from the comfort of their own homes, while businesses can reach
a global audience without the need for a physical storefront. E-commerce has also
enabled businesses to streamline their operations by automating many of the tasks
involved in the sales process, such as inventory management, order processing, and
shipping.

1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW

Online Shopping has continued to grow in popularity and importance, particularly
in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to a surge in online shopping as
people seek to minimize in-person interactions. As a result, businesses that are able
to adapt to the e-commerce landscape are likely to have a competitive advantage
in the years to come.
Online Shopping is also known as Electronic Commerce, refers to buying and
selling of products or services over the Internet. Normally e-commerce is used to
refer to the sale of physical products online, but it can also describe any kind of
commercial transaction that is facilitated through the internet. The first-ever online
sale was in 1994 when a man sold a CD by the band Sting to his friend through his
website Net Market, an American retail platform. This is the first example of a
consumer buying a product from a business through the World Wide Web or e-
commerce as we commonly know it today. After that e-commerce has evolved to
make products easier to discover and purchase through online retailers and
marketplaces. All freelancers, as well as small and large businesses, have benefited
from e-commerce which enables them to sell their goods and services at a scale
that was not possible with traditional offline retail.

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1.3 OBJECTIVES

The Objective of Online Shopping might differ based on the business, but
generally they comprise lower costs, increasing sales, and improving
customer satisfaction. Sales can be increased by attracting more customers
through improved marketing strategies or by lowering the cost of products
sold. Costs can be lowered by determining ways to reduce manufacturing
and distribution expenses or by developing new products that are cheaper
to produce. Customer satisfaction can be improved by offering a quality
product that is easy to use and fulfills customer needs. Now, before going
into the depth of the objective of ecommerce, first we need to understand
why it is important to lay down the objective of ecommerce before starting
any business. The objective of Online Shopping will provide you with
guidance and direction to drive growth and achieve success in the
ecommerce industry. When developing the objective of ecommerce, it is
imperative to be clear and concise. It is also important for the objective of
ecommerce to be specific and measurable.

1.4 AIM OF THE PROJECT

A website that allows people to buy and sell physical goods, services, and digital
products over the internet rather than at a brick-and-mortar location. Through an e-
commerce website, a business can process orders, accept payments, manage
shipping and logistics, and provide customer service.

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 CHAPTER-2

Web Based Applications

2. WEB BASED APPLICATIONS

A web-based application is any program that is accessed over a network connection

using HTTP, rather than existing within a device’s memory. Web-based applications
often run inside a web browser. However, web-based applications also may be
client-based, where a small part of the program is downloaded to a user’s desktop,
but processing is done over the internet on an external server.
There is a lot of confusion created by the use of terms like web-based, internet-based
and cloud-based when referring to applications. Web-based applications actually
encompass all the applications that communicate with the user via HTTP. This
includes light applications like Flash games, online calculators, calendars and so on,
as well as more intensive applications such as web-based word processors and
spreadsheet applications.

Some features of web based application are presented below:

Data Recovery: you'll quickly recover data just in case of knowledge loss or
technical blunders using web apps.

Better Security: Web apps offer better security to the users, which ultimately results
in gaining better customer loyalty for your business.

Competitive Edge: you'll put in your creative hats and are available up with brilliant
apps to stay the purchasers engaged and involved your company. you'll rest assured
of the competitive edge with constant innovation.

Improved Efficiency: the utilization of web apps will cause improved efficiency
and better business performance.

Greater Visibility: Web applications assist you streamline your business processes
resulting in greater accuracy. What’s more, with all the info integrated into one
place, your business can enjoy higher visibility.

24/7 Accessibility: one among the simplest benefits is 24/7 Accessibility.

Consumers can access web apps anytime, as long as they need an online connection.

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Flexibility and Scalability: As a custom web application is formed specifically to
your business needs, it’s completely flexible and scalable to your business’s
demands and growth.

An important feature of Application Software:

 Perform more specialized tasks like data processing, spreadsheets, email,
photo editing, etc.
 It needs more space for storing because it is greater in size
 Easy to style and more interactive for the user
 Generally written during an application-oriented language

2.1 SOFTWARE PROCESS

When selling online, there are a series of tasks that the online business system
handles. Working at the backend of your digital storefront solution, the
software streamlines different steps in online purchasing. Check the list of
different steps that show how E-Commerce software works as follows.

The term software specifies to the set of computer programs, procedures and
associated documents (Flowcharts, manuals, etc.) that describe the program and how
they are to be used.

A software process is the set of activities and associated outcome that produce a
software product. Software engineers mostly carry out these activities. These are
four key process activities, which are common to all software processes. These
activities are:

1. Software specifications: The functionality of the software and constraints on

its operation must be defined.
2. Software development: The software to meet the requirement must be
produced.
3. Software validation: The software must be validated to ensure that it does
what the customer wants.
4. Software evolution: The software must evolve to meet changing client needs.

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2.2 Software Process Model
Software processes, methodologies and frameworks range from specific
prescriptive steps that can be used directly by an organization in day-to-day work,
to flexible frameworks that an organization uses to generate a custom set of steps
tailored to the needs of a specific project or group. In some cases a “sponsor” or
“maintenance” organization distributes an official set of documents that describe
the process.

Software Process and Software Development Lifecycle Model

One of the basic notions of the software development process is SDLC models
which stands for Software Development Life Cycle models. There are many
development life cycle models that have been developed in order to achieve
different required objectives. The models specify the various stages of the process
and the order in which they are carried out. The most used, popular and important
SDLC models are given below:
 Waterfall model
 V model
 Incremental model
 RAD model
 Agile model
 Iterative model
 Spiral model
 Prototype model

2.3 Waterfall Model

The waterfall model is a breakdown of project activities into linear
sequential phases, where each phase depends on the deliverables of the
previous one and corresponds to a specialization of tasks. The approach is
typical for certain areas of engineering design.

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 2.1 Figure: Waterfall Model

2.4 V Model
The V-model represents a development process that may be considered an
extension of the waterfall model and is an example of the more general V-model.
Instead of moving down in a linear way, the process steps are bent upwards after
the coding phase, to form the typical V shape. The V-Model demonstrates the
relationships between each phase of the development life cycle and its associated
phase of testing. The horizontal and vertical axes represent time or project
completeness (left-to-right) and level of abstraction (coarsest-grain abstraction
uppermost), respectively.

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 2.2 Figure: V Model

2.5 Incremental Model

The incremental build model is a method of software development where the model
is designed, implemented and tested incrementally (a little more is added each
time) until the product is finished. It involves both development and maintenance.
The product is defined as finished when it satisfies all of its requirements. Each
iteration passes through the requirements, design, coding and testing phases. And
each subsequent release of the system adds function to the previous release until
all designed functionally has been implemented. This model combines the elements
of the waterfall model with the iterative philosophy of prototyping.

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 2.3 Figure: Incremental Model

2.6 Iterative Model

An iterative life cycle model does not attempt to start with a full specification of
requirements by first focusing on an initial, simplified set user features, which then
progressively gains more complexity and a broader set of features until the targeted
system is complete. When adopting the iterative approach, the philosophy of
incremental development will also often be used liberally and interchangeably.
In other words, the iterative approach begins by specifying and implementing just
part of the software, which can then be reviewed and prioritized in order to identify
further requirements. This iterative process is then repeated by delivering a new
version of the software for each iteration. In a light-weight iterative project the
code may represent the major source of documentation of the system; however, in
a critical iterative project a formal software specification may also be required.

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 2.4 Figure: Iterative Model

2.7 RAD Model

Rapid application development was a response to plan-driven waterfall processes,
developed in the 1970s and 1980s, such as the Structured Systems Analysis and
Design Method (SSADM). Rapid application development (RAD) is often referred
as the adaptive software development. RAD is an incremental prototyping
approach to software development that end users can produce better feedback when
examining a live system, as opposed to working strictly with documentation. It puts
less emphasis on planning and more emphasis on an adaptive process.
RAD may resulted in a lower level of rejection when the application is placed into
production, but this success most often comes at the expense of a dramatic overruns
in project costs and schedule. RAD approach is especially well suited for
developing software that is driven by user interface requirements. Thus, some GUI
builders are often called rapid application development tools.

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 2.5 Figure: Rapid Application Development (RAD)

2.8 Spiral Model

The spiral model, first described by Barry Boehm in 1986, is a risk-driven software
development process model which was introduced for dealing with the
shortcomings in the traditional waterfall model. A spiral model looks like a spiral
with many loops. The exact number of loops of the spiral is unknown and can vary
from project to project. This model supports risk handling, and the project is
delivered in loops. Each loop of the spiral is called a Phase of the software
development process.
The initial phase of the spiral model in the early stages of Waterfall Life Cycle that
is needed to develop a software product. The exact number of phases needed to
develop the product can be varied by the project manager depending upon the
project risks. As the project manager dynamically determines the number of
phases, so the project manager has an important role to develop a product using a
spiral model.

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 2.6 Figure: Spiral Model

2.9 Agile Model

Agile is an umbrella term for a set of methods and practices based on the values
and principles expressed in the Agile Manifesto that is a way of thinking that
enables teams and businesses to innovate, quickly respond to changing demand,
while mitigating risk. Organizations can be agile using many of the available
frameworks available such as Scrum, Kanban, Lean, Extreme Programming (XP)
and etc.

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 2.7 Figure: Agile Model

The Agile movement proposes alternatives to traditional project management.

Agile approaches are typically used in software development to help businesses
respond to unpredictability which refer to a group of software development
methodologies based on iterative development, where requirements and solutions
evolve through collaboration between self-organizing cross-functional teams.
The primary goal of being Agile is empowered the development team the ability to
create and respond to change in order to succeed in an uncertain and turbulent
environment. Agile software development approach is typically operated in rapid
and small cycles. This results in more frequent incremental releases with each
release building on previous functionality. Thorough testing is done to ensure that
software quality is maintained.

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 CHAPTER-3

System Implementation and Testing

3.1 IMPLEMENTAION:
E-Commerce implementation consists of all the steps related to the launch, update,
and maintenance of an online store. E-Commerce allows businesses to sell products
from anywhere at any time, and it connects businesses to new customers who were
previously unreachable due to distance and hours of operation.

3.2 ADMIN MODULES:

 Log in page: First we have implemented a login page using which admins in
the system.
 Dashboard/Homepage: After logging in admin gets a page called homepage.
All other pages are accessible from here.
 Profile: It has been implemented by admins so that users can view their
profile.
 View Details: Updating and clicking each photo views with details.
 Admin Panel: This page allows admins to exclusive control over others users.
A part from sending warning e-mail, they can also lock users.
 Log Out: This is the common option is for logging out.

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 3.3 USER MODULES

 Register Page: First we have implemented a register page using which

admins in the system.
 Log in Page: Secondly we have implemented a login page using which
admins in the system.
 Dashboard/Homepage: After logging in, users gets a page called homepage.
All other pages are accessible from here.
 Profile: It has been implemented by admins so that users can view their
profile and after can their edited profile.
 Order Confirmation: User can place order, add to cart and confirm delivery.
 Log Out: This is the common option is for logging out.

3.4: REQUIRED TOOLS

For implementing the above modules, we have used:

 PHP
 HTML 5
 CSS 3
 JavaScript
 Local Host Sever: http:localhost/phpmyadmin/index.php

3.5 TESTING PROCESS

For the sake of software quality assurance, system testing is a very essential think to
do. It is a process by which we try to make the system error-proof by performing the
program to find an error. Software testing is a very simple yet important process to
find out errors in the software. The software testing process enables the testers to

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check whether the real outcome of the system matches the expected results or not. It
also helps in finding out missing requirements and identifying defects. Basically,
testing is the most important step in the software development life cycle, before
deployment. Testing includes testing phase, analysis, examination, and evaluation
of various aspects of the software.

For the testing phases, I used the following tools:

 Database Seeder: To generate synthetic data and test performance.

 Unit Testing: To Replicate functionality of modules after changes have been
made.
 Manual Testing Using Test Cases: Having user live-test the application.

3.6 DATABASE IMPLEMENTATION

I used “SQL” for designing my project database. SQL is an open-source relational

database management system. Using the SQL queries, the user can quickly and
efficiently retrieve a large amount of records from a database.

3.1 Figure: Database Implementation

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 3.2 Figure: Database Design

3.7 USER INTERFACE LAYOUT

3.7.1 HOME PAGE

This is the Home Page of Online Shop BD. A home page is generally the main web
page a visitor navigating to a website from a search engine will see, and it may also
serve as a landing page to attract visitor.

3.3 Figure: Home Page

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3.7.2 USER REGISTRATION PAGE

3.4 Figure: User Registration Page

3.7.3 USER LOGIN PAGE

3.5 Figure: User Login Page

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3.7.4 ADMIN DASHBOARD

This is the Admin Dashboard of Online Shop BD. An Admin can easily view all
new users registration, admin check the identity and confirm the new registration.
Admin can view all completed order, pending order, customer message, new order,
etc.

3.6 Figure: Admin Dashboard

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3.7.5 USER ACCOUNT HISTROY

3.7 figure: User Account History

3.7.6 CUSTOMER ORDER PLACED

3.8 Figure: Customer Order Placed

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3.7.7 ADD PRODUCT

Products are added to our online shop through the admin. All Product features are
controlled through the admin and do not require accessing the website files.

Before adding items to our online shop will need to add at least

 Brand
 Main Category
 Price
 Product Details

3.9 Figure: Add Product

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3.7.8 CUSTOMER FEEDBACK MESSAGE

3.10 Figure: Customer feedback Message

3.7.9 CONTACT US

3.11 Figure: Contact Us

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 CHAPTER-4

Conclusion and Future Scope

4.1 CONCLUSION

This is web based application that overcomes the issue of managing and
booking appointments according to USER’S choice or demands. This project
has come to an end after facing many challenges. After all, it is an web-based
system so in real life both physically goods delivery need to follow the rules
of use otherwise its goal will fail.

Although this system has many advantage and disadvantages but it has some
limitations also. Advantages and limitations are briefly discussed below.

4.2 ADVANTAGES

1. Easy to use interactive UI

2. Moderation of content and users by admins
3. Allow Profile with pictures
4. Strict Access control so users can have no unauthorized access to any
features they are not supported to handle.
5. Pop-up alert messages to notify users of any event that happened
when they performed any process.

4.3 LIMITATIONS:

1. This software won’t support a large number of users.

2. It is still missing a lot of features to be called a proper Social
Networking Website.
3. No image Cropping implemented which can cause performance
issues.

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4.4 SCOPE OF FUTURE APPLICATION

The Online system always changeable. It develops day, getting better and better to
easier for peoples. For now, I have chosen and working on some basic functionalities
like an online booking, an online database, etc. But for the future, I would like to
extend my system to the online shop.

Despite a few hiccups in its initial stages in Bangladesh the e-commerce (Online
Shopping) section is blooming like never before even during the pandemic when
every offline business was suffering, instead of facing the same fate e-commerce
saw the opposite and saw the growth of 26.7 trillion worldwide. Today though many
people still prefer COD quite a people prefer the safer online payment. what
represents the increasing trust among customers what might suggest growth potential
in the next few years. Even the tier 2 and tier 3 cities are taking advantage of this,
All of this combined suggests the scope of e-commerce is quite big and bright in the
near future let’s talk about that from the depth.

REFERENCE

1. URL: http://www.creativeworld9.com
2. URL: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org
3. URL: https://datatrained.com
4. URL: https://www.techopedia.com
5. URL: https://www.quora.com
6. URL: https://www.javatpoint.com
7. URL: https://www.w3school.com

APPENDIX A: USER GUIDE

To use our system in Local PC, It’s required to install XAMPP Software, Microsoft
SQL Server Visual Studio Code, Web Browser.

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APPENDIX B: DATA DICTIONAR

Admin Table:

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Home Page

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Login Table

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User Table

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APPENDIX C: USER QUESTIONAIRE

User Questionnaire on UI Design, Ease of use and Features provided

Name: ……………………………….

Gender: Male Female Others

Age: ………

Current Occupation (Student/Job): ……………………………….

1. How do good you think the Current UI design is?

a) Very Good b) Acceptable c) Average d) Not Good

2. How satisfactory do you think the current functionality of this app are?

a) Very Good b) Acceptable c) Average d) Not Good

3. Does anything need to be improved in this application? Also, what sort of

new functionality/features do you think will make this app more attractive
and satisfactory?

Your Answer Here: ……………………………………….

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APPENDIX D: GLOSSARY

RUP: Rational Unified Process

MVC: Model-View-Control

HTML: Hyper Text Markup Language

PHP: Hyper Text Preprocessor

CSS: Cascading Style Sheets
UML: Unified Modeling Language

URL: Uniform Resource Locator

OOAD: Object-Oriented Analysis and Design

OOA: Object-Oriented Analysis

OOD: Object-Oriented Design

OOP: Object-Oriented Programming

ADM: Admin Module

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