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    3 views6 pages

    Basic - Reading

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    Hà Hải

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 6
    READING PASSAGE 1 ‘The Doll: More Than a Children's Toy ‘Over to course of tir long hietory, dole have beon ueed a rolgiousefornge, ort symeos, ana ensues toms Anough dole have teen popular theughout human history, thay have: vatied widely in both constuction and purpose. The earliest dolls known 10 contemporary hsterans are Egyptian peddle dels, which have been found In tombs dating back tp the 2ist century BOE. These wooden boards had ‘tyiged human featur ond wore often adorned with absiract erme made up ‘of squares and tangles. There is speculation that hey were representations. ofthe dead, fertity symls to ensure rebirth of the deceased, o primitive toys sere! or enieran nina ari ‘The use of Gols in the cukutes of anclent Groce and Rome is well documented. While dls ware used as toys in these soca, historians have also speculated tht tay may also have been used a6 olfarngs to the gods for as cher to ward off bed luck, The use of dolls for purposes ober tran play wae alse commen in Japan, in to form ofthe Degi and Hariva dos. “The hight styised Coge mere in use from around 8909 BC to 200 BCE and ‘wore notable for thir und facee. Thoi purpose isnot clear, although thoir {ominine features suggest tat tey may bs connected to fertity. The clay figures brown as Heriva, cn tho other hand, wero used ae funorery figurse ‘ang tan deassed in mitary outs, ‘As supersition and spituaity started fo diminish in tne 191% contury, coll developed a more cecopnisable, chifecused form. This coincided wih the Industral Revetuton, afer wnich dol began‘o bsmase-producod ardbecame ‘consumer tems. in this period, nanviacturers started making ls ecesoutet ‘poroezin to give them a mero ifoike skin tone. Thoy ware partculaly popular Jn Geimany where mils were mass-produced. Starting inte 1860s, these alle wore more sloarly defines a chieron tye because they wero mad t> {ook more chictke. Dots also became more firmly associated wih gris during this period, and more emphasis was placed on their clothing and aoceeecries, 2 trond that would expand the midZotn century wie te launch of Barba 204 HACKERS ELIS READING ASC ‘Questions 1-3 Feeding Pessage 1 hes three paragraphs, AC. ition paragraph centaine th felling information? NB You may use any eter more tan once, 1 aveference toa county where dois were produced in large quanities 2 ax explanation for why cota dols had female characteriatics| {3 amontion ofa material that mado dolls lock mere human Questions 4 ands Complete the summary using thelist of nords, A-F, below. ‘The First Dolls ‘Tho fet dello thet historians aro aware of wore ciscovered in ancient Eavotian 8 communes TREY WO%® Wooden boards that had human festurse and were decorated With 5. .nue TMOY May have represenies the dead, symocilsad {erty or have been toys 10 play within the nent world A graves B pictures Cshapes | D palaces E lotiore F hemes Wieek Day 1 -Progesive Tet? 05 Ae 2x4 fap spay READING PASSAGE 1 ‘The Story of the Mammoth “The mammoth is the cussc fee age reais, often depicted wandering the steppe and towering over humans. ‘Their doses contemperay relatives are clephants but a mammeth tpicaly hd longer, cieved tus, and a covering ‘of shagay roan bait As Shee mame suggests they were extremely lage, swith the biggest specs reaching heights ‘of around 13 feet a the shoulder: The mysery of the mamma is why essey these giant crarucs did out ‘Wooly mammoths are probly he best known of dhe murmoths bese thee -remins have been exter tudied snddocumected many wel presences specimens have been fund, They were fot dhe legest rammed species, but at borwven 9 and 11 feet el they were tarourd the same height as an. Affean cephunt The wooly mame habia sas the vast ecosystem Known a8 the ‘marnmoth steppe. They wee perfectly suid 10 the exsreme cordtions on ‘he seppe, which induded freeing serpents and dey Cina As with other mammoth spies, most voy munmodis dial «wt in Ge carly Holocene (the geological em shat Followed the la ice a), round 10,900 212, HACKERS IEUSREADING BASE yeas ago. However, small number of ‘woolly memmoths survived on Weenge! [and in the Arctic Cine, where thes ‘ved andl round 2500 BC, dhe time the pyramids were baile ia Egype “The reasons forthe extietion oF the ‘mammoch ae sil debated, with some dining dlmate change was the most _sgifcant factor, while others epecalae ‘hares dese o° that humans kiled them off. Humans did migrate across acces where mammoths reded during this pesiod, while abo developing nsw -weopens which cell Fae aloe them ‘tounge creatures lke marmot. However, the mest My scenarios tint a rey of fixes connbued 10 fhe manos dapporance The ‘worming cise in te ecy Helocene Git have an impact onthe habioe of {he mammoth steppe, which geadaly changed fom gastrin to wets "This coud ave forced marmot into rach smal abr hee they cone ceiy be tayeed by human. hates. FFurhermos, these smal, iohved epalanons oF mammots were prey sense and gener wees bees inbesng Quostons 1-9 Complete each santence wi he correct ening, A-E below 1 Wooly mammoth remains couk be studied 2 Mammethe were lvein the Arto Cirle 3. Themammot steppe began tanforming nto a wotané ‘aftor the ond of te Holooone. ‘when the climate heated up. because they were found in 8 good conciion, ‘whon te pyramid were Daing constucte. when the mammaths had migrated avy nooo> Questions 4 and 5 othe folowing statements agroe ath the information gan in Rezcng Passage 1? wite ‘TRUE the statemantagros wth the information FALSE tthe statement cennadicts ho ivormation NOT GIVEN if there ie noinformation on thie 4 The debate over why tha mammothe went oxtret has been cated 5 Humans! weapons were useless egainst mammoths. Weeks Day2-Progessve ost 2213 = READING PASSAGE 2 Doing Something about an increasingly Plastic World Plastic wasie has besome a huge problom in tho mesem word. It ie ‘timated that a mare 19 per cont ct laste garbage is recycled, and once it le in the ocosyetom or in lanai Stes, plasio tates mary yvars to decompose. Therefore, researchers ae tying to come up with ways to cignieanty reduce pete waste (One able option Is to convert the Piestc into light crude oil 2005, seochemist Bll Ullom diecorared process of convertng plasic waste ‘no this precious eommeciy. He lator ‘workod wth a businessmen te put the process into practice. The process stars by putting various plaste fms in a shredder, The shiedded plastic le then hoated repastedly to produce ‘vapour, whichis cotectod sre dstle. ‘The isles vapour creat consumer prodvcts such as gasoline for fue. The femaring sold by-products san be used in the production of rubber. Another potontial polation is toreplece past wih siniar materials hat are more ecologically sustainable, Pastc fim used inte food inet srerety reoyoable duo to food cortaninaton, whieh means moat recyeing centes do not accept it An enviinmentaly ‘Wondly substitute ‘= colagen ‘im, {Collagen is a breve material une 9 Ine connective issue of animale. tts combined with water and a moisture: 222 HACKERSIES READING ASC preserving substance, collagen can be ttorsforred into a plasetike material that le rear trarsparont and easily adheres 10 sightly damp foods ice ‘meals. In ection, Ris edible and can ‘bo ccokecwitn the food. Ono downel ‘0 most of the eotagen ttm currently available Is that It Is not as water resistant 28 plasic. Sit, scientsts susn as Poter Kunz aro seeking waye lo increase ie water esstance otis natural, biodegradable fm. Fecent experiments havo found that a very common organism cculd be the Key to reducing the world’s piaetio gartoge. Prcfossor Jun Yang ascoveres inst_mesiworms, ‘he larvae of a specks of beetle,

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