BUILDING TECHNOLOGY CONSTRUCTION LIST OF FORMULAE (Candidates should refer to he following list of formulae for assistance in answering questions RUE! Overhang = Rise/Run =X/Overhang Value of X = (Rise « Overhang) + Run ‘Value ofX+ Original Rise =Total Rise Ron + Given Overhang = Total Run Using Pythagoras’ Theorem Thue Length of Rafer = Total Rise? + Tol Ra Formula fr ealelating ead and riser dimensions 2R+T OR 2R+G~ 550mm to 700 mm ping and T= tend = Wet Weight — Dry Weight % Moisture Content = au pe 100 SPEO MM + 50 mm=Depth ia mm GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE 13080200" 2013‘This paper is divided into THREE sections ~ A, B and C. You MUST answer the question from Section A, THREE questions from Section B and ONE question from Section C. ‘This paper contains metric dimefsions only. You should work your answers in the mettle system. SECTION A ‘You are allowed to use EITHER frechand sketches OR ruler-assisted sketches fn answering this {guestion, which is based on MODULES DS to D9 of the syllabus ~ Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and Stairs, All sketches should be done to proportion. This question is worth 40 marks. ‘You are advised not to spend more than 50 minutes on this question. FFigure 1 shows the ground floor plan of @ two-storey dwelling house which has the following. dimensions: 67 m long and 48 m wide. ‘The foundation walls are constructed with 200 mm hollow concrete blocks, the exterior walls are constructed with 150 mm hollow concrete blocks and the floor, pattions and staircase are al eonstucted with timber. DINING xercuen || sep1 es as dg es dl Livine rine S| rad raat e ROOF OUTLINE 4 c 7 E soomm =I a 0mm “Dy. 62 2 igure 1. Ground floor plan (not drawn ¢o scale) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 013080200"‘The buldng which has a oo ith 1/3 pith designed wth hip toned, a able at the ctr nd 230 mm overhang od A ‘The stareate has a housed sting 5O mm x 300mm. Risers are20-mm thick, treads 25 ram thick sand handrails are on both ses ‘The pattions are built of $0 mm * 100 mm members and are eladded on bath sides with 12mm. hy ‘The floors constructed with 50 mm * 200 mm joists md covered with 19 mm tongue and groove floorboards. (Note: The upper floor plan is similar in external dimensions and shepe to that ofthe ground floor) (@) Produce aneat sketch ofthe roof pla showing the correct arrangement ofl roof members, (Only the culine ofthe external walls are required for this par of the question) (10 marks) (&) Name FIVE roof members in the sketch produced in (a) above. marks) (©) Produce a neat, labelled sketch which shows rafters correctly fixed 0 a wall plate. marks) (@) Name FOUR different types of roof coverings. (marks) (©) Produce a neat sketch to show the vertical section B-B and label it. (Foundation and roof details are not required) (marks) © @ __NameFOUR parts ofthe staircase in Figure I thatcan be identified when a detailed vertical section at A-A is produced, (4 marks) (i) Describe, briefly, EACH of the FOUR parts named in (9 () above. (4 marks) (ii) State the building regulations minimum dimensions forthe following pers of Saicase (0) Tread width @) Headroom 3) Space berween balusters G marks) ‘Total 40 marks GO ONTO THE NEXT PAGE o1308020F 2013,SECTION B ‘You are required to answer any THREE questions from this section. BACH question is wort 20 marks. 2 @ o © © O) © © © [List THREE factors that MUST be considered when selecting a building site G marks) State THREE reasons for sipping building sit (@ marks) (= State FOUR reasons for hoarding building site (marks) (i) Explain the importance of any THREE of the four reasons stated in () () above (Gmarks) Sketch TWO methods that can be used for checking the accuracy of 90° comers when felting out a small building (4 marks) ‘Total 20 marks Define EACH of the following terns: Cone maria) (6) Monae many LSA THREE characteristics oF gars sed for matingconece, marks) phn THREE benefits tobe derived fom ‘proportioning’ “bathing” a concrete = (marks) List THREE uses of plsicin the hing construct nds. mars) Use sketches to show TWO types of atl defects in ibe mais) ‘Total 20 marks GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE 2013o © @ © o o @ State THREE fimetions of a foundation marks) Use labelled, sectional sketches to illustrate the fllowing types of concrete foundations © stip Gmarks) (Ren marks) ‘Uses labelled sketch ilustrate the method of applying timbering ina tench dugin frm soil (marks) State ONE funetion of timberng (mark) Stale THREE methods of ‘moist curing’ ait relates to coneret. marie) List, in sequence, the fest THREE steps in conducting a slump test asi lates fo wat concrete Gmaris) ‘Total 20 marks State THREE functions ofthe exteral wall ofa building G marks) @) Define the tem “bonding” as it relates to masonry @ marks) i) Explain the importance of bonding’ in masonry wall construction, 2 marks) "Name THREE types of brick bonds, marks) Skotch a stud partition with a door opening incorporated into it, (Note: The best ‘constructional practice MUST be shown.) (10 marks) ‘Total 20 marks GO ONTO THE NEXTPAGE 01308020 2013,6 (a) State TWO fanetions of doors. @ marks) () State THREE functions of lors : Gmarks) (©) Name THREE members ofa timber floor Bmaiks) (@ State ONE finetion EACH for any TWO members named in()above. (2 marks) (©) Sketch TWO different types of windows. (marks) (Explain briefty the comtect sequence ta be follawed when applying varnish to a new doar surface 4marks) ‘Total 20 marks SECTION C ‘You are required to answer ONE question froin this seeton. BACHE question Is worth RO marks. 7. @_—@_List FIVE building ades. marks) (ii) State the main function of EACH building trade listed in () above (marks) (©) _Useasimple low chart to show the members of the building team listed below to show thei line of authority on a building site Building contractor Engineer Client Architect (marks) Gi) Explain the function of any THREE of the members listed in (b) () above (Gmarks) ‘Total 20 marks GO ON TO THENEXTPAGE 01308020 2013“9. (®) Use vertical sectional sketches to ilustratehow the following methods of sewage disposal work. (Septic tanke (marks) (i) Soakaway (S marks) (©) Define EACH ofthe following tems: © Cesspoo! @ marks) G@). Surfce-water dain mart) (i) Sewerpipe @ marks Go) Sewage marks) Dain pipe : marks) ‘Total 20 marks (@) — @_ Identify FOUR factors which influence the design of building. (4 marks) (i) Explainbriefly how any THREE ofthe factors identified in () (0 above influences ‘he design ofa building (marks) (©) @_ Describe THREE Furopean architectural features that have influenced building designs in the Caribbean, ji (marks) (i) Use sketches to illustrate any TWO of the features identified in (6) (i. (4 marks) ‘Total 20 marks END OF TEST IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST. 01308020/F 2013ane Appendix Section A Sample Response o Question 1 (©) Asnangement oftoof members (6) Names of Sve roof members WALPLATE (6) Rater conectly fixed to wal pate seaveur vwawruate — PumecuT (0) iferent pes of wot coverings (Shingle (i) Conugated moa sheets Gi) Asphalt sheeting (iv) Roofing slesoe (9) Vertical section a B-B with able ono tho (909 (i) Pats ofthe sin Figure | and desription of pas Riser —vereal member ofa step Tread — the horizontal race ofa ep Sting— the sie apport fora Might of wooden stats Baluster— infill member betwoon te handrail and sting andsil—en inline baluetrade member 3 the top of bases [Nel post the main suppor forte handrailat each en of fight (9 Gi) Building regulation forstairs 220m — minimum width fred 3400 nm — niin height of headroom Tod mun — space allowed between balrters Appendix 2 Section Semple Response to Question 2 (0) Factors that mat be considered when seleting 2 building site Location Access Cont “Topography (6) Reatons for siping a bung site Prevent he growth of vezetation Reduce instability of topsoil Remove ree sur (0) (8) Reasons for hosing» buiding stand explanations Public protection — kep outside persons sony fom site setvites Matenallequipmentpctecion —to reduce tet Secsrity-—toensre workers ae safe -Redacing vandalism —~ proven persons desoyng werk done on he site213. (@) Methods of checking sceuney of 90 ern Builder's square Diagonaa — Appendix 3 ie ston 3 (@) Definitions Concrete —a minture of san, gravellruted stones, cement and water ‘Mortar —a mise of sad, erent and water (©) Characters of aggregates ud for making concrete ‘They mist be song Sound Well graded Angular shaped (©) Benefits derived fom proportioning or batching Good watetemen rato resuking ia vary strong concste Redaction of waste financings Reduce shinhage ‘Water ghios i chieved— tis reduces blesding when towing (@) Uses of pasts inthe building constrction industry Conduite eM ‘ils — floor and oof Gutering/Sownppes (©) Types of maul defects in timberoe Append 4 ‘Sample Response n Question (9) Funeion of foundations Distribution of loads Anchoring the bung Help sali the buleing (©) (9 & Gi Sectional sketches of sup and af foundations SIMPLe TAP FOUNDATION J emai | pc alt Fourdstion (©) Timberng in firm soi (&) Prnedon of inbeing To provide emporary suppor tthe sides of excavaionttenches to prevent collapse ofthe sides (2) Methods of moist ering Ponding Spraying Sand bogeing Covering With plastic sheetsao (Theirs he stops ofthe sump test 1. Place the sump cone on flat base and put he mined concrete in the cone 2. Packt down layer by layer with a tamping rod unl the cone fl 3. Level he ep with towel Appendix Sample Response o Questions (@)Funconofesema wali Enclosing of mace Protection from the clement weather ‘Sporting roofs nd upper lors ‘Actor a sound barrier Security (©) (Definition ofthe em bonding Bonding is method used fr joining bric/blacks in walls o av continuous vera jis (i) Iportance of bonding ‘Bonding is important beaut tenses tht imposod Ions are evely dsb thoughout a wll (e)_ Name oftrick bonds English bond Femi bond Setchefommon or nning bond Ratsrap bond (2) Stud partion wih door opening incorporstd wa-16 Appendix 6 ‘Sample Response o Question 6 @ i} o @ © Function of dors Secunty Ligh admission Accretion Protection rom the elements Function of foors Stra stabi acvesrng save Firerevsanee ‘Ashe appearance Sle base Members of timber Moors Wall ple Joist Floor boards Skiing board Franton of oor members Wal plate — supports he ends ofthe joist Jost (common) — main supporting members of lor Floor bards — form the be ofthe sre of the Noor ‘Skirting board conceals the gp between tne wal nd the lor ‘Sketches of diferent types of windows LouvRED winDoW casenexrwnoow anu (Comet sequence to fllow when applying varnish oa new door surface Clean the surface ofthe door ‘Apply sanding sealer ‘Sand he surface with fine sand per Clean the surfaces ‘Apply coat of varnishsau eR “1 Appendix? tion 7 (3) ai Five bling rater and the main funtion ofeach © o w Crpenter — erecting suet amework, consrtng roofs, bil formwork, ting ‘Mason — wos with conrete and! mort to cast Noos, pavement, ly conte bles, ster was nd bull stone wa "lectin — caries out wiring wor, installtion of conduits an interes Plumer — ns pipes, ists ap, ole bowl, inter —responsbe for Sishing the building by applying pint, wallpaper, ee Flow chat showing members ofthe balding tm and ther ine of eutbory on & builing BUILDING ENGINEER Punetion of the members ofthe building eam Cticot — the person who commissions the work and dicey or indrety employs ‘everybody onthe project, Architect — engaged by the cist as hisher agent to design, advise and ensure tt the projects kept within cot and omplies withthe design. Building Contractor — employed by the client onthe architet's advice to cary out the building works He kesh instruction from he acest Engineer —a seca sucha. strvetural enginer employed to work withthe acts on aracular aspects ofthe design218 Appendix 8 Sample Response (0 Question 8 ® cy) (Vere section of epitnk i) erica section of sokawsy ‘et Tal Definition of drainage terme CCespool —an underground chamber consuucted forthe ception and rage of foul water fom tala Surface water drains — drain designe to cary only surface water (rainwater) rather than sil vent. removes water sal rom he ste, Sever pipe — pipe or else channel that eres semaye Sewage — domestic waste mater thts cari stay by water ina system of sewer drsinspipes. Drain Pipe — pipe designed ro cary wate water or sewage fom a building219 Appendix 9 ‘Sample Responses o Question 9 (0 (i Fotos inlaencing the design of building » ‘istry — history ofthe sit: Is i prone to Doon orld shi? I i bil-up? What was ts previous ws? Material — choice ond ability of atrials Culture — would ave an nfuene on the shape and style ofthe tute. Family custarn Climate — wet, ht col, windy would dtemine where windows or taleonies ae placed ina ln (Cost — determines afforsbility (@)Baropean architectural feanresinuensing building design in the Caribbean Brskwork — walls nae ron rick that re ranged in varios pate ‘Wooden casement — windows that hve their sashes hanged to sing ke doors Step toofi— thse ae pitched a 45" ormore ‘Arches —curve member spansng openings fo create decorative feature Staieass — built with decorative Futures suchas bluse to improve the itesior of bling (i) Sketches iuseating European architectural futwes influencing bung design inthe Conibtess Saas A fas