Disaster Risk Reduttion: gid Management - “the systematic process of using administrative directives, organizutions, and — operational skills and capacities to implement strategies, policies and ‘improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of | | | | | |I. DEFINITION OF TERMS | | e HAZARD- is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of | | livelihood and services, social and economic disruption or environmental damage. -It could be natural or human-induced. ¢ EXPOSURE- the degree to which the element at risk are likely to experience hazard events of different magnitude.VULNERABILITY- is the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard. * This may arise from various physical, social, economic and environmental factors. RISK- is the combination of Probability of an event to happen and its negative consequences. e FORMULA of R R= HAZARD X VULNERABILITY (exposure CAPACITYSs ti iststé—‘_S:SsSsSsSsSse ©) J e DISASTER- is a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving | widespread human, material, economic or | environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope _using its own resources.Il. THE PHILIPPINE DISASTER RISK PROFILE 2. Pacific Typhoon Belt 3. Exporter of Typhoons- tracks of tropical cyclones in the Western North Pacific Period from 1948 to 2010. 4. Climate Change | 1. Pacific Ring of Fire | |eeseseaee -OQ----—----— NATURAL HAZARD ° Typhoons ° Floods ° Storm Surges ° Earthquakes ° Tsunamis e Volcanic Eruptions ° Landslides e DroughtHUMAN-INDUCED HAZARDS e Fire ° Maritime Accidents e Aircraft Crash ° Land Accidents ° Industrial Accidents ‘ Pollution ° Civil Disturbance e Armed Conflict ° Chemical Biological Radiological Nucleare VOLCANIC ERUPTION- Mt. Pinatubo (1991) e LANDSLIDE- Guinsaugon Landslide (2006) ¢ TROPICAL STORM- TS “Ondoy” (2009) e MONSOON RAINS- SW Monsoon in NCR (2012) e HUMAN-INDUCED DISASTER- Zamboanga Crisis (2013) ; | e EARTHQUAKE- 7.2 M EQ in Bohol (2013) | e STORM SURGE- TY ‘Yolanda” (2013) ° TYPHOON- TY” Ruby” (2014) |= ee O--- oe —_ EFFECTS OF DISASTERS HUMAN TOLL ¢ Dead, injured and missing ¢ Families displaced ° Lost livelihood DAMAGE and LOSSES © Productive Sectors ¢ Infrastructure ¢ Cross Sectoral SLOWS ECONOMY HAMPERS DELIVERY OF SERVICES |REFLECTION Natural and Human-induced hazards abound in the country. e Vulnerabilities (physical, social, environment economic) further increase disaster risks ° Filipinos are exposed to disasters given the geographic location of the country. 3 e We cannot ultimately control the natural hazards ° However, by increasing capabilities, we can address the underlying factors causing the vulnerabilities and exposures so that the disaster risks can be reduced.e WHERE « R= Risk ‘e H= Hazard e V= Vulnerability e E= Exposure ¢ C= Capacity° III. THE PHILIPPINE DRRM SYSTEM Republic Act 10121 (May 27, 2010) gave birth to DRRM Disaster Risk Reduction and Management- “the systematic process of using administrative directives, organizations, and operational skills and capacities to implement strategies, policies and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster.” < National Disaster Coordinating Council (NDCC) to National Disaster Risk reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) Old NDCC- 19 members New NDRRMC- 44 members| ° OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE- mandated to act as the | Operating Arm and Secretariat of the NDRRMC. ° ¢ NDRRM OPERATIONS ee e Operates on a 24/7 basis ¢ Center for DRRM coordination Disseminated reports, alerts and other communications e Facilitates effective management of the consequences of disasters ¢ Central command and control facility | | | |See O I e DRRM NETWORK National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council 17 Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils 81 Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils 144 City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils 1,490 Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils 42,026 Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committees ° LOCAL DRRM OFFICES © Mandated to be established in every Province, City and Municipality, and Barangay © Responsible for setting the direction, development, implementation and coordination of DRRM programs within their territorial jurisdictionMANDATED TASKS OF LDRRMO * Design, program, and coordinate disaster risk reduction and management activities consistent with the national council’s standards and guideline Facilitate and support risk assessments and contingency planning activities at the local/provincial level; * Consolidate local disaster risk information which includes natural hazards, vulnerabilities, and climate change risks, and maintain a local risk map; | * Organize and conduct training, orientation, and knowledge management activities on disaster risk reduction and management at the local level; | ‘e Promote and raise public awareness of and compliance with RA 10121 and legislative provisions relevant to the purpose of the Act; © Coordinate other disaster risk reduction and management activities; Establish linkage/network with other LGUs for Disaster Risk Reduction and emergency response purpose. SEe COORDINATION DURING EMERGENCIES CityiMunieppal DRRMC 2 oF more Barangay affected Provincial DRRMC 2.0r more Citiessmunicipaities affected Regional ORRMC + 2ormore Provinces affected NORRMC_ 2 or more regions affected» IV. DRRM INITIATIVES AND CHALLENGES FOUR DRRM THEMATIC AREAS ° Disaster Preparedness-establish and strengthen capacities of communities to anticipate, cope and recover from the negative impacts of emergency occurrences and disasters. ° Disaster response- provide life preservation and meet the basic subsistence needs of affected population based on acceptable standards during or immediately after a disaster. * Disaster prevention and mitigation- avoid hazards and mitigate their potential impacts by reducing vulnerabilities and exposure and enhancing capacities of communities ¢ Disaster rehabilitation and recovery- Restore and improve facilities and living conditions and capacities of affected communities, and reduce risks in accordance with the “building back better” principle.O 7 ¢ DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ° Contingency planning ¢ Prepositioning of equipment e Enhancement of operation/coordination centers e Organizing, training and equipping responders and volunteers ° Conduct of training and drillsene O - ° DISASTER RESPONSE e Conduct of Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment e Issuance of advisories and situation reports e SRR operations using ICS_ ¢ Humanitarian assistance — ° Activation of Clusters e Provision of financial assistance e Management of evacuation centers_ —C) L ° DISASTER PREVENTION AND MITIGATION | ¢ Development of alarm and early warning systems e Nationwide flood forecasting and monitoring e Geo-hazard mappings __ © Implementation of safety standards e Engineering interventions Flood control of structures—-—-9 e DISASTER REHABILITATION AND RECOVERY ¢ Conduct of Post-Disaster needs Assessment e Review of DRRM plans Reconstruction and improvement of houses, buildings, facilities (“build back better”) e Resettlement ¢ Provision of new sources of livelihoodLOCAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FUND Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund not less than 5% of the IRA for risk management ore not limited to preparedness, training, purchasing medicines, equipment, post disaster activities etc. 0% of the LDRRM Fund shall be allocated for quick response nd (QRF) or stand-by fund 70% is allocated for pre-disaster activities including training, purchasing, life-saving rescue equipment supplies and medicines for post-disaster activities, and for the payment of premiums on calamity insurance etc.| ¢ CHALLENGES | ¢ Cooperation and buy-in of the Filipino people | e Correct the notion that DRRM is only a government | concern e. LGUs to prioritize DRRM - ‘e Consider DRRM as a way of life ¢ Review and improve existing DRRM policies, plans and programs to adapt to disasters as the “new normal” eee eee