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Lower efficiency means higher CO2 emissions (more fuel needed per kWhe)
Thebenefitsofdryingbrowncoal
Lowercapitalcostofplants Higherefficiency(lowerfueluseandCO2emissions) inoperation
Thewaystodrybrowncoal
SteamFluidisedBedDrying IntegratedDryingGasification DensifiedBrownCoal MechanicalThermalExpression HydrothermalDewatering Others
Steamfluidisedbeddrying
Thetechnologyinvolvesevaporativedryingofthe coalinasuperheatedsteamfluidisedbed.
ConceptwasinventedbyPotteratMonashUniversity in1985 DevelopedtoaprecommercialscalebyLurgiin Germany.
RWEPowerinGermanyis,byaclearmargin,the leaderinsteamfluidisedbeddryingofbrowncoal.
Threegenerationsofdevelopmentandscaleupover thepast20years EnteringfullcommercialuseinGermanyandapre commercialdemonstrationplannedinVictoria
Integrateddryinggasification
HRLPtyLtdhasdevelopedand demonstratedintegrateddrying gasificationcombinedcycletechnology.
Successfullytakento10MWpilotscale demonstrationlevelinLatrobeValley Nowundertakinglargescaledemonstration projectcomprisingtheconstructionand commissioningofa400MWcombinedcycle cleancoalpowergenerationplantsupplied by2x200MWgasifiersusingHRLsIDGCC Technology. JointventuringwithHarbinGroupofChina forthis$750Mprojectthatissupportedwith $100MAustralianGovernmentand$50M VictorianGovernmentfunding
Densifiedbrowncoal
Attritioningofasminedcoaltoproducemoist, plastic,finegrained,coalclay thatsubsequentlyis airdriedtoalowmoisturecontentcoal ablackcoal equivalent product.
OriginallydevelopedandpatentedbyMelbourne Universityinthemid1980s Potentialforrecoveryofwatercontent
Commercialisationofdifferingprocess/production techniquesbeingundertakenbyVictoriancompanies.
EnvironmentalCleanTechnologies LaTrobeLigniteDevelopments JottEngineering
Mechanicalthermalexpression
Involvescompressingcoarsecrushedcoal(heatedin therange150to200Cbycondensingsteam)at mechanicalpressurestypicallyofabout60barto squeezethewaterfromthebrowncoal.
1tonneperhourpilotplantbuiltandtestedin Melbourne 15tonneperhourdemonstrationplantproject underwayinLatrobeValley Producesadriedbrowncoalproduct
Hydrothermaldewatering
Wetcoalisheatedunderpressureto250300Cand thecoalstructurebreaksdownandshrinks,releasing thewaterasaliquid.
Exergen hasdevelopedanefficient,continuousreactor forhydrothermaldewatering(HTD)ofbrowncoal Thisreactorandprocesshasbeensuccessfully demonstratedina4tonneperhour(tph)continuous pilotdewateringplantinTasmania Exergen publiclyannouncedin2006thatithas partneredwithengineeringcontractorThiessand aluminiumproducerAlcoaofAustraliasAnglesea PowerStationtofurtherscaleupitsHTDreactorand http://www.thiess.com.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/10718/Exergen_Press_Release_2006_04_28.pdf process
Otherdryingapproaches
Highspeedgrinding/dryingprocesses
Windhexe technology
Continuousprocessforpressuredewatering
AquEx
Browncoalisattractive(whendry)
Thereislotsoflowranked(brown)coalinAustralia, Germany,China,USAandothercountries.
Oftenalowcostprimaryenergyresource Itshighreactivityisgoodforgasificationandreductant applications
Itisused,orcouldbeused,in:
Powergeneration
Largestapplication,worldwide