BASIC SYSTEMS ADMINISTRATION
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BOOT PROCESS
• POST
• BIOS
• Boot Sequence
• Boot Loader: Boot.ini
• OS Loading
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BOOT SEQUENCE
• The order of drives that a system BIOS follows
when looking for the operating system (OS) to
boot after the computer has performed POST
3
BOOT LOADER
• A small program that loads the operating
system into the computer memory when the
system is booted
• It also starts the operating system
4
SUMMARY OF BOOTING PROCESS
• Power on PC
• CPU Pins & Registers Reset
• POST
• BIOS
• Boot Sequence
• Boot Trap Process/Boot ini
• OS Selection Loading to RAM
• OS Logon Process
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VIEW & SAVE A BACKUP COPY OF BOOT.INI
• Right-click My Computer, and then click
Properties.
or
• Click Start, click Run, type sysdm.cpl, and then
click OK.
• On the Advanced tab, click Settings under
Startup and Recovery.
• Under System Startup, click Edit. This opens the
file in Notepad ready for editing.
• In Notepad, click File on the Menu bar, and then
click Save As.
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SAVE A BACKUP COPY OF BOOT.INI
• Right click in an empty area of the Save As
dialog box, point to New in the context menu,
and then click Folder.
• Type a name for the new folder, for example
temp, and then press the ENTER key to create
the folder named temp.
• Double-click the new folder named temp, and
then click the Save button to save a backup
copy of the Boot.ini file.
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SETTING THE TIME OUT
• At the command prompt, type: bootcfg
/timeout# Where # specifies the time in
seconds after which default operating system
will be loaded.
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VERIFY THE CHANGE BOOT.INI FILE
1. Right-click My Computer, and then click
Properties.
2. On the Advanced tab, click Settings under
Startup and Recovery.
3. Under System Startup, click Edit.
Or
• Click Start, click Run, type sysdm.cpl, and then
click OK.
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VERIFY THE CHANGE BOOT.INI FILE
• Click Start > Control Panel > System.
• In the System Properties window, click the
Advanced tab.
• In the Startup and Recovery area, click
Settings.
• Click Edit to edit the boot.
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How to CHANGE BOOT.INI FILE in
Editing in Notepad
1.Open Windows Command Prompt.
2.Navigate to the root of the system volume.
3.Type the following text at the command line:
attrib -s -h -r Boot.ini.
4.Open the file in Notepad for editing.
5.When your editing is complete, you can
restore the file attributes to protect Boot.ini.
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HOW TO CHANGE BOOT.INI FILE IN WIN 10
(Editing in EasyBCD)
What is boot ini in Windows 10?
• ini files was available in the earlier versions of
Windows, boot.
• ini was a system file that contained
information about the Windows operating
systems installed on a computer.
• On Windows 10 the boot. ini file has been
replaced with Boot Configuration Data (BCD).
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VIEWING SYSTEM INFORMATION
• General category allows you to view information
about your computer such as the
• Computer Manufacturer
• Model
• Basic Input/output System (Bios) Version,
• Processor Version And Speed, Operating System,
Amount Of Memory,
• Amount Of Available Disk Space.
• To view these type Dxdiag at run and press enter
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VIEW ADVANCED SYSTEM INFORMATION
• Advanced System Information allows you to choose
from the following options:
• View Detailed System Information (MSINFO32.EXE).
• This option allows you to view detailed information on
• hardware resources,
• components (multimedia, input, network, ports, and
storage),
• software environment,
• Internet settings
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VIEWING DEVICE DRIVERS
• This option enables the users to view
• Installed drivers
• Uninstalled drivers
Steps
• Right click on my computer
• select properties
• Device Manager or Type sysdm.cpl at Run,
Clik on Hardware and then, click Task Manager
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VIEWING DEVICE DRIVERS
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ACCESSING REGISTRY
• Click on start Button
• Select Run and click on it
• Type Regedit
• Click on OK button
• Eg Clearing MRU
• HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\W
indows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\RunMRU
17
HOW TO ACCESS SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
WINDOWS 10
In Windows, type msconfig into Search, and
then select System Configuration from the
search results in Windows 10, or msconfig in
Windows 8.
The System Configuration window opens.
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HOW TO ACCESS SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
WINDOWS 10
19
CREATING NEW USERS
• Create New users
• Create Local Group
• Assigning Right and privileges
• Reset Password
20
REMOTE ASSISTANCE
• REMOTE DESKTOP
• The Remote Assistance feature allows you to
remotely view and control a computer for any
support task.
• It also enables chat and file transfers.
• If you have a computer problem, you can
invite another person (a remote assistant) to
help you over the network.
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NEXT TOPIC
•File Systems and User Accounts
Management(Windows XP,
Win7/8/10/11 and Linux)
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Assignment
•1.Briefly write a short note on the
differences between Windows and Linux
files systems and indicate merits and
demerits of each.
Note: Submission date is 10/06/2024
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