Community

COMMUNITY
It is a place where one lives, work and play. It refers to some sub-groups such as in a a community of priests of nuns, scholars or artists It may also refer to a locality group. Ex. Neighborhood, town a city or a nation. Communities maybe classified according to function and specialization. URBAN OR RURAL.

What is a rural community

A rural community is form of association maintained between the people and their institutions in a local area in which they live on dispersed farmsteads and in a village usually forms the center of their common activities.

Elements of a rural community

1. Locality there is an identifiable geographical area. The territory may be large or small, depending upon other factors. 2. People of Community residents maybe few or many; they may be densely settled or widely scattered. The confines of a community are not determined by any fixed standards of population or of area size , etc. 3. Common dependence upon institutions & services is the determining factor. People belong to the same community because they buy at the same stores, sell at the same markets, deal with the same banks, attend the same schools and churches.

Rural Culture & Social Structure

From subcultural theory- rural people often have a magical attraction to the cities. Rural people are more conservative compared to urban people Familism Farming is a part of the culture of the rural community. Security- the rural person finds his greatest security in the family.

Rural Culture & Social Structure

Strong people orientation- face-to-face interaction preference. Traditional values- tend to be more politically and socially conservative. Suspicion of outsiders

Characteristics
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Relationships are personal and intimate strong mutual aid and neighbor lines prevail resistant to change adhere to traditions fatalistic attitude

Class Structure
Upper Class - constitute a small portion of the population., made up of wealthy landowners, barrio officials. Lower Class - constitute the bulk of the population. Made up of workers, the laborers or small people.

The Rural Family

More nuclear than extended family Strong family ties Family is bilateral couple has the choice as where to reside In terms of residence it is either bilocal or neolocal (independent) Early marriages High birth rate

Rural Economy
high incidence of poverty Occupation fishing, farming and forestry Dependent upon agriculture

Rural Government
Barrio government is represented by the barrio captain. It is dependent from the national government.

Rural Education
majority are Roman Catholics Most of the Catholics do not understand the doctrine and teachings of the church but are more interested in its rituals and artifacts. To the rural folk religion is a means by which they are helped to face lifes problem and major crisis. It also offers opportunities for socializing and engaging in social action programs.

Rural Recreation and the Fiesta

Limited recreational facilities Ways of spending are visiting and chatting with friends & gossiping with them. Fiesta - a socio-religious activity looked forward to by the rural folk. a). a way of relaxation and recreation b) provides service c) educational agency d) reunion time e) celebration of patron saint f) a status symbol

Rural Health
there is a dual system of medication in the rural area. 1. Scientific 2. Folk medicine

Rural community
small rural communities are held together by ties based on shared ideas and common experiencesFerdinand Toennies Farming is their way of life. They get their living from farming and other agricultural activities. Rural communities have a lower income per capita compared to the urban cities. Rural communities are less developed in terms of infrastructures.

URBAN COMMUNITIES

Include cities and the metropolitan areas;

Center of major social institutions;

Populated/congested;
Diversity of groups; Disorder of the Physical environment

URBAN COMMUNITIES

Cities generally have advanced systems for sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing, and transportation and more. This proximity greatly facilitates interaction between people and businesses, benefiting both parties in the process.

URBAN COMMUNITIES
Highly Urbanized Cities - Cities with a minimum population of two hundred thousand (200,000) inhabitants, as certified by the National Statistics Office, and with the latest annual income of at least Fifty Million Pesos (P50,000,000.00) based on 1991 constant prices, as certified by the city treasurer.

 It is defined as a relatively large dense and permanent settlement of socially heterogeneous individual. It is defined as a geographic area designated by a special name, comprising a large aggregation of people engaged in non-agricultural pursuits, and recognized by its inhabitants and its chartering authority as a city. Localities maybe defined as urban depending on their size, which varies from one society to another. Other criteria are occupation, density, legal community status and socio-economic status.

City

Urbanization
is the physical growth of urban areas from rural areas as a result of population immigration to an existing urban area. While the exact definition and population size of urbanized areas varies among different countries, urbanization is attributed to growth of cities.

Urbanization is also defined by the United Nations as movement of people from rural to urban areas with population growth equating to urban migration. The UN has projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008.

URBAN CULTURE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE

A. Urban Social Relationship * impersonal * superficial * transitory and segmental * secondary type of relationship B. Culture * Rapid social change * high degree of cultural heterogeneity C. Family Life and marriage a. City people marry less and later b. independent family c. less children d. they tend to seek a higher standard of living.

Causes of Urbanization
Urbanization occurs naturally from individual and corporate efforts to reduce time and expense in commuting and transportation while improving opportunities for jobs, education, housing, and transportation. Living in cities permits individuals and families to take advantage of the opportunities of proximity, diversity, and marketplace competition.

 People move into cities to seek economic opportunities. In rural areas, often on small family farms, it is difficult to improve one's standard of living beyond basic sustenance. Farm living is dependent on unpredictable environmental conditions, and in times of drought, flood or pestilence, survival becomes extremely problematic.

Urban
The word "urban" is an adjective. It describes people, places and things that have to do with life in a big town or city. Now that we know what the words urban and community mean, we can put them together. What is an urban community? An "urban community" is a group of people living in an area that is in a big town or city.