COEPD – Prep Exam 3 –Part 2/2

Question 1 – What is the difference between Brainstorming and JAD Sessions?

Ans.

Brainstorming JAD session

Brainstorming is a group activity where everyone comes JAD (Joint Application Development) used as a
together to discuss strategies for growth and technique for developing business system
improvement requirements.
Used in all types of software development Mainly used in agile methodology
methodologies
Quiet late delivery Faster delivery
Lasts for couple of hours JAD sessions last for typically about 3 days

Question 2 – Why Document Analysis is one of the compulsory technique we use in a

Project? Justify :
Ans. Document Analysis helps in dividing the information in various parts as we see the information from
various angles. We may refer to multiple sources and combine the document review with other techniques
such as interviews.

 Document Analysis helps us in focusing the questions we have asked during an interview to client, it
helps in understanding what to lookout for.

 It is helpful when we are particularly looking for a specific information, which we can dig further into
documents.

 It is most cost-effective method where data is readily available. Documents provide Specific and Stable
data, if we use other methods, it may not be received as it is. It also serves as evidence of the shared
information

Question 3 - In Which Context we will use Reverse Engineering?

Ans. Reverse engineering is the process of deconstructing a thing to learn how it works, what it's made of,
and how it is assembled. Common reasons for reverse engineering include:

 Developing interfaces for system interoperability.

 Improving product documentation.

 Modernizing of software products.

 Security adaption.

 Fixing product flaws.

 Redesign

 Competitor intelligence.
Question 4 - What is the difference between Brainstorming and Focus Groups?
Ans. Here are the main differences between the two techniques:
Brainstorming Focus Groups
Purpose is to generate ideas Purpose is to improve existing ideas.
No. of participants 6-8 No. of participants 6-12
Knowledge of topic of discussion is not In depth knowledge of topic of discussion is
necessary. necessary
No observers Observer is present
Condition- problem exist Condition- idea, solution or process exists.

Question 5 –Observation Technique–Explain both Active and Passive approaches:

Ans.
Observation techniques are used to gather information by watching and understanding workplace activities.
It is used to identify needs and opportunities, understand business processes, create performance
standards, assess solution performance, and facilitate training and development. There are two approaches
for observation as stated below:

 Active – It is also referred as a noticeable approach, while observing an activity the observer can ask any
questions as they occur. Despite this interruption to the workflow, the observer can quickly understand the
reasoning and any undocumented processes within the activity.

 Passive - It is also referred to as an unnoticeable approach, in this approach, the observer does not
interrupt the work while the user is performing the work activity. Any questions would be asked once the
observation is over. This allows a natural flow of events to be observed without interference by the
observer, as well as the measurement of the time and quality of work.

Question 6 – How do you conduct the Requirements Workshop

Ans.
A workshop can generally be described as a focused event that gathers a representative group of
stakeholders to achieve a specific goal within a specific period. The technique is generally used for
activities such as planning, discussion, analysis, and elicitation, as well as various others.
Requirement workshops are amongst the most widely used techniques in project management and
business analysis. It’s also likely to be the most common approach for requirements elicitation. This is
because there is no standard structure for the technique.
There are, however, three key steps that should be taken when conducting workshops. These include
preparing, conducting, and following up.

Prep1-
 Clarify Initial scope and identify key stakeholder involvement
 Define the workshops agenda, Schedule the session and coordinate logistics
 Determine appropriate session tools, templates and outputs
 Conduct preworkshop interviews job shadowing document reviews surveys on benchmarking
studies
 Send materials in advance to attendees.
Prep 2-
 Review the goals agenda and ground rules for the meeting
 Maintain a professional and objective tone
 Elicit analyse and document the requirement using agreed tools and templates
 Occasionally validate the activities with the workshops stated objective to stay on track
 Ensure all stake holders are heard and obtain consensus on conflicting review.

Prep 3-
 Follow up on any open action item
 Distribute completed document up it to appropriate stakeholders
 Schedule final walkthrough in an intent of gaining approval.

Question 7 In which context, Interview Technique can be conducted by a BA ? How may

approaches are there in conducting Interviews?(Structured–Unstructured)Explain them.
Explain the difference between Open Ended Questions and Closed ended Questions.
Ans. Interview is one of the most important techniques in business analysis. They can be used to verify the
facts, clarify ambiguity, trigger enthusiasm, engage end users, and identify requirements, opinions and
ideas. It is used to get more information from people in a formal or informal setting by asking questions and
documenting the responses.
There are three kinds of approaches to conducting interviews:
1. One-on-one approach
2. Panel interview
3. Series interview
The interview is a common technique for eliciting the requirements. It involves direct communication with
the individuals or a group of people who are part of an initiative. There are two basic types of interviews.
They are as follows:
Structured Interview: - In which the interviewer has a predetermined set of questions and it is a
documented on set of rules and methods.
Unstructured Interview - In which the interviewer does not have a predetermined set of questions and it
may vary based on the stakeholder responses and interactions.

The difference between Open Ended Questions and Closed-ended Questions are as follows:

0pen-ended questions Closed-ended questions

Questions that should be answered with long Questions that should be answered with short
responses. responses
Answers are often descriptive, and explanatory Answers are often short and factual
Questions begin with words like how, why, Questions begin with words like is, do, would,
explain, describe etc. what etc
Easy questions Multiple choice questions.
Take a long time to answer Can usually be answered quickly
Question 8 - Questionnaire Technique – Where we will use? Give one example
Ans. A questionnaire is a research tool that contains a list of questions requiring responses from a
predefined group of people. It is used to collect relevant information that can help you arrive at definite
results during research.
Questionnaires are used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data from respondents. It combines
different question types like close-ended and open-ended questions that allow you to extract large volumes
of data from respondents.
There are four types of questionnaires –
1. Online Questionnaire
2. Telephone Questionnaire
3. Paper Questionnaire
4. Face-to-face interview

Question 9 –How to Sort the Requirements – Where we will use? Give one example
Ans. When all the requirements are gathered there are chances of redundancy in those requirements so
basically all the scattered requirements are put together and the repetition of requirements are removed
which is known as sorting of requirements.
The process for sorting is:

 Identification of requirements.
 Dividing the identified requirements into functional and non-functional requirements
 If identified requirements are similar, then they are put together and removed.
We will sort the requirements in two ways such as functional requirements and Non-Functional
requirements.

Functional requirements define a function that a system or system element must be qualified to perform
and must be documented in different forms. The functional requirements describe the behaviour of the
system as it correlates to the system's functionality.
Examples of functional requirements:

 Authentication
 Business rules
 Audit tracking
 Certification requirements
 Transaction corrections etc.

Non-functional requirements are not related to the software's functional aspect. They can be the
necessities that specify the criteria that can be used to decide the operation instead of specific behaviours
of the system. Examples of non-functional requirements:

 Usability
 Reliability
 Security
 Storage
 Cost
 Flexibility
 Performance
 Legal or regulatory requirements, etc
Question 10 - Prioritize the Requirements – Where we will use? Give one example

Ans. Prioritization is a Technique for queuing the requirements for the development process.
Factors that influence the prioritization techniques are importance, risk, cost, benefits, time, and
strategy. Three main actors involved in this are customer, developers, and business owners.
Requirements can be prioritized by using the following steps
 Step 1: Understand the Purpose & Strategy for Prioritization.
 Step 2: List the Customer Needs.
 Step 3: List the Requirements.
 Step 4: Facilitate the Rating of the Need / Requirements Interrelationships.
 Step 5: Determine Technical / Development Factors.
 Step 6: Determine the Priority Rating.
MoSCoW Technique: MoSCoW is a prioritizing technique which is used in business analysis and
software development to reach mutual understanding with stakeholders on the importance of each
requirement.
MoSCoW stands for must, should, could and would.
M- Must have the requirements to meet the business needs.
S- Should have this requirement, if possible, but project success does not rely on it.
C- Could have this requirement if it does not affect anything else in the project.
W- Would like to have this requirement later, but it won’t be delivered this time.

Question 11 – Status reporting–How we will drive?

Ans. A weekly status report is a complete overview of your week at work, covering projects you've
completed, ones that are still in progress and upcoming plans.
A weekly report is a review of your workweek and provides a summary of what you completed,
what projects are in progress and plans that outline your workflow for the next week. Typically,
weekly reports are brief and concise and only one page long. Most professionals send weekly
reports on Friday afternoons to establish consistent communication with team members and
supervisors. Additionally, a weekly report can benefit both you and your employer by providing
insight into important aspects of the work you complete.
Completed Items
Project Task Team Estimation Notes
member
xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx
xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx

In Progress
Project Task Team Estimation Notes
member
xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx
xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx
 Assigned but not started
Project Task Team Estimation Notes
member
xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx
xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx xxxxx

Question 12 – Meeting Minutes Document–prepare one Sample :

Ans. Minutes is to create an official record of the actions taken at a Meeting. Minutes serve to both
memorialize the actions taken for those attended the Meeting as well as for those who were
unable to attend the Meeting.
Meeting minutes are notes that are recorded during a meeting. They highlight the key issues that
are discussed, motions proposed or voted on, and activities to be undertaken.

Meeting Agenda:-
Meeting/Project print Review Meeting
Name:

Date of 25.06.2024 Time 12:30pm

Meeting:
(MM/DD/YYYY)

Meeting Business Analyst Location Hyderabad

Facilitator
Name: Department Email Phone

ABC Development Team ABC@YAHOO.COM 9XXXXXX

Meeting Technical team ABC@YAHOO.COM 888XXXX

Facilitator

Business Akshay Raj Akshayraj33@gmailcom 999XXXXX

Analyst

Meeting Objective
1. Discuss status of sprints
2. Discuss progress report of project.
3. Discuss about impediments if any.
4. Suggest Solutions

Attendee’s :-
 Meeting Agenda
Topic Owner
Decision about the actions n sprints Development Team
Team Decision on WIP items Development Team

Question 13.– Change Tracker–Document—prepare one Sample

Ans. The role of BA in change request is very important as the change requests differ in number and complexity
across business projects and may come in before, during or after implementation of a solution.

Below are the steps to follow:

 -->Understand the reason for the change

 -->Understand the impact of the change
 -->Understand the effort required to implement the change
 -->Ensure that the change request follows the predetermined approval process

Global Disbursement (Payments)

Milestone/ Request Requestor Description The The The The The status
Requirement No of the reason impact propose business of the
change for the of the d action priority change
change change to be of the (approv al
taken change block
Changing DB Path 1 XYZ New query To Fetch More xxx High In
for Servicing will be more Clarity Progress
Module created relevant in Data
with new data fetching
columns to
avoid data
collusion
Question 14 – Difference between Traditional Development Model and Agile
Development Models:
Traditional Software Development Agile Software Development
It is used to develop simple software It is used to develop complicated software.
In this methodology, testing is done once the In this methodology, testing and development
development phase is completed. processes are performed concurrently.
It follows a linear organization structure. It follows an iterative organizational structure
It provides less security It provides high security.
Client involvement is less as compared to Client involvement is high as compared to
Agile development traditional software development
It provides less functionality in the software. It provides all the functionality needed by the
users
It supports a fixed development model. It supports a changeable development
model.
It is used by freshers It is used by professionals.
Development cost is less using this Development cost is high using this
methodology. methodology
It majorly consists of five phases It consists of only three phases.
It is less used by software development It is normally used by software development
 firms. firms
Expectation is favored in the traditional Adaptability is favored in the agile
model. methodology.
Models based on Traditional Software Models based on Agile Software
Development Development
Spiral Model Scrum
Waterfall Model Extreme Programming (XP)
V Model Crystal
Incremental Mode Dynamic Systems Development Method (DSDM)
Feature Driven Development (FDD)
Adaptive Software Development (ASD)

Question 15 - Explain Brainstorming Technique – Where to use?

Ans. Brainstorming can be done with group or with an individual. Ideas collected during this
session and reviewed and analyzed. It is effective in generating lots of ideas on specific issue
to determine which is the best.
This technique could be used in following scenarios.
 When we have a Time constrain and want to gather requirements, we must use this
technique.
 When we want to generate an idea without having any one’s biased, as more
importance is given to ideas.
 When we want Quantity over quality in generating Ideas, this method would be
considered best.
 Once Brainstorming Session is over, there is always refining session which gives us,
more refined ideas.
 When we have multiple options to choose from, we must consider this method as this
gives more emphasis on ideas generation, we can get insight from various people on
right one.
Question 16 – What reports Accounts Departments will generate (minimum 5 reports)
Ans. Accounts and HR will be reviewing the request and generate various reports and that will be
sent to Employees. Following are the reports which will be generated by an employee.
Loan Approval Report: This will be Reviewed and sent by HR department in coordination with
Accounts Department.
Loan Rejection Report: Here, employee would be informed about the status of the Request
which is rejection in this case.
Loan Approval terms and Conditions: Once the loan is approved it will be informed to
employee, along with that it will also be communicated the terms and conditions it will have to
oblige.
Loan Repayment Schedule Report: Here, Numbers are shared with employee about the tenure
for which loan is approved, ROI, EMI and tenure for which he will be repaying the loan.
Loan Offer Report: In this Report HR Department will inform employee the amount sanctioned by
HR department, tenure and EMI employee will have to bear for

Question 17 - What is the structure of the message/mail communicated from the HR department to
the employee in case the Loan is rejected?
Ans.
From: aksahyrajXXX@gmail.com
To : Kamesh.n@tts.com
Cc:Financedept@TTS.com, HRdepts@TTS.com
Bcc:
Regular loan application number:- AX143RRT
Dear Kamesh,
Good day!!
This mail is reference to your loan application No. AX143RRT. Dated: 25.06.2024. We are sorry to
inform you that your application has been rejected due to below mentioned reason

As per the company policy, The employee must finish 1year for eligibility of loan.

As per our records we noticed that you DOJ is 20.03.2024 and you have not completed 1 year based on
the company policy.
Thank you for approaching us. You can re-apply once the set condition is met

Regards,
D Akshay Raj
Senior Excecutive, HR Department
TTS company.

Question 18 - What is the structure of the message/mail communicated from the HR

department to the employee in case the Loan is approved ?
Ans.

From: aksahyrajXXX@gmail.com
To : Kamesh.n@tts.com
Cc: Accountsdep.TTS.com,Accountsdep.TTS.com
Bcc:
Regular loan application number :- AX143RRT

Dear Kamesh,
Good day!!

We are pleased to inform that your application No. AX143RRT for 5 lakhs personal loan has been
approved from our end

Kindly keep in touch with Abbas from finance department for further process
Regards,
D Akshay Raj
Senior Executive, HR Department
TTS company.

Question 19 - Design a sample report on the Loans applications Received by the accounts
department
Ans.

Loan Disbursement for July Month

Loan Application Applicatio Application Loan Amount Tenure ROI
Types Date n Date Date Approval EMI
Status
Vehicle 03.06.2024 JH A Approved 1,00,00 18 10 1185
Loan
Child 14.06.2024 RS D Not …. - - --
Education eligible
Loan
Home 10.06.2024 AG D Not …… - - --
loan eligible
Personal 01.06.2024 JH B Approved 5,00,000 60 18 10,000
Loan
Marriage 06.06.2024 EP C Not ….. - - --
Loan eligible

Question 20 - Which reporting Tools we will use for generating reports

Ans. Power BI and Tableau are the tools used for generating Report
Power BI: Power BI is a Data Visualization and Business Intelligence tool that converts data from
different data sources to interactive dashboards and BI reports. Power BI suite provides multiple
software, connector, and services - Power BI desktop, Power BI service based on SaaS, and
mobile Power BI apps available for different platforms
Tableau: Tableau is a powerful tool used for data analysis, visualization. It allows creating
amazing and interactive visualization and that too without coding. It provides the features like
cleaning, organizing, and visualizing data. Data analysis is very fast with Tableau tool and the
visualizations created are in the form of dashboards and worksheets.
The best features of Tableau software are as follows:
 Data Blending
 Real time analysis
 Collaboration of data
The great thing about Tableau software is that it doesn’t require any technical or any kind of
programming skills to operate.