Capstone Project 1 Answers - Kirti Raheja

Capstone Project 1: Online Agriculture Products Store
Prepared By- Kirti Raheja ( 05th Aug Batch )
Case Study-
Mr. Henry, after being successful as a businessman and has become one of the wealthiest persons in the
city. Now, Mr. Henry wants to help others to fulfil their dreams. One day, Mr. Henry went to meet his
childhood friends Peter, Kevin and Ben. They live in a remote village and do farming. Mr. Henry asked his
friends if they are facing any difficulties in their day-to-day work.
Peter told Mr. Henry that he is facing difficulties in procuring fertilizers which are very important for farm.
Kevin said that he is also facing the same problem in-case of buying seeds for farming certain crops. Ben
raised his concern on lack of pesticides which could help in greatly reducing pests in crops.
After listening to all his friends’ problems, Mr. Henry thought that this is a crucial problem faced not only by
his friends but also by so many other farmers. So, Mr. Henry decided to make an online agriculture product
store to facilitate remote area farmers to buy agriculture products. Through this Online Web / mobile
Application, Farmers and Companies (Fertilizers, seeds and pesticides manufacturing Companies) can
communicate directly with each other.
The main purpose to build this online store is to facilitate farmers to buy seeds, pesticides, and fertilizers
from anywhere through internet connectivity. Since new users are involved, Application should be user
friendly.
This new application should be able to accept the product (fertilizers, seeds, pesticides) details from the
manufacturers and should be able to display them to the Farmers. Farmers will browse through these
products and select the products what they need and request to buy them and deliver them to farmers
location.
Mr. Henry has given this project through his Company SOONY. In SOONY Company, Mr Pandu is Financial
Head and Mr Dooku is Project Coordinator. Mr. Henry , Mr Pandu , and Mr Dooku formed one Committee
and gave this project to APT IT SOLUTIONS company for Budget 2 Crores INR and 18 months Duration under
CSR initiative. Peter, Kevin and Ben are helping the Committee and can be considered as Stakeholders share
requirements for the Project.
Mr Karthik is the Delivery Head in APT IT SOLUTIONS company and he reached out to Mr Henry through his
connects and Bagged this project. APT IT SOLUTIONS company have Talent pool Available for this Project. Mr
Vandanam is project Manager, Ms. Juhi is Senior Java Developer, Mr Teyson, Ms Lucie, Mr Tucker, Mr Bravo
are Java Developers. Network Admin is Mr Mike and DB Admin is John. Mr Jason and Ms Alekya are the
Tester. And you joined this team as a BA.
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Question 1 – BPM - 2 Marks
Identify Business Process Model for Online Agriculture Store – (Goal, Inputs, Resources, Outputs,
Activities, Value created to the end Customer)
Answer 1-
a. Goals :
i. To provide user friendly online web / mobile application for farmers and companies
which manufacture agricultural products like fertilizers, seeds and pesticides so that
farmers and companies can connect with each other.
ii. To facilitate farmers to buy seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides from anywhere through
internet connectivity.
iii. To provide facility of getting agricultural products delivered at farmer’s doorstep.
b. Inputs :
i. Farmers’ requirements and their needs.
ii. Agricultural Products- Fertilizers, Seeds and Pesticides.
iii. Manufacturing Companies.
c. Resources :
i. Agriculture Products
ii. Manufacturing Companies
iii. Project team working on the project.
iv. Delivery team
v. Internet Connectivity
vi. Device through which system will be accessible - Computer/ Laptop & Mobile Phone.
d. Activities ( performed in specific order )

i. Signup and Login facility for Farmers and Manufacturers.
ii. Accept the product details from Manufacturing Companies.
iii. Listing of the products and display it to the farmers.
iv. Farmer will browse (search) and select the product.
v. Farmer will buy the product using their convenient payment gateway ( It could be
COD, Credit/Debit Card or UPI).
vi. Farmer will get notified via email along with the order details once the order is
confirmed.
vii. Farmer can track their order using delivery tracker.
e. Output
i. Website/Mobile app for Farmers to purchase agricultural products like fertilizers,
seeds and pesticides.
ii. Platform for Manufacturing Companies to list their agricultural products.
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iii. Completed orders.
iv. Shipped products to customers.
f. End Values to Customer

i. User friendly and easy to use application for Farmers.
ii. Easy online ordering and can be accessible from anywhere, anytime.
iii. Online store available on both Web and Mobile devices.
iv. Increase in Agricultural Production, Time & Money Saving for farmers and Farmers
Satisfaction.
v. Reliable Shipping and Delivery Services.
Question 2 – SWOT - 2 Marks
Mr Karthik is doing SWOT analysis before he accepts this project. What Aspects he should consider
as Strengths, as Weaknesses, as Opportunity and as Threats.
Answer 2-
SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. In my opinion below aspects of
SWOT should be considered by Mr. Karthik-
Here Strengths and Weaknesses are internal to the company while Opportunities and Threats are
external to the company.
S.No STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

1. Mr. Henry is already a The remote location This project is the Are Farmers
successful of the targeted end first of its kind. It educated about
Businessman and his users where has not been online store or
company SOONY is an products needs to developed before are they
established firm. be delivered. by any company. comfortable in
Hence his connections ordering the
can be used for the products online?
marketing and
outreach.
2. Project Budget is Limited duration of Product is Is the Internet
good. It is 2 crores for the project which is providing solution Connectivity
18 months project. only 18 months for to the Farmers proper in rural
building both web problem and can areas ?
and mobile potentially
application. capture large user
base.
3. The Project is a CSR Team is handling Via this project, Project may face
initiative which means this kind of project Collaboration and competition
company is not only for the first time so partnerships from other
targeting profit but there is no previous between online
has also taken active expertise in this manufacturing agricultural
and positive social domain. companies and product store if
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role in the world suppliers can be got developed
around them. increased. by the time of
release of
project.
4. Mr. Henry’s friends- Lack of resources to Company is Quality of the
Peter, Kevin and Ben handle project at entering into the products being
are available as key Mr. Henry’s business of online delivered cannot
stakeholders to company(SOONY) selling of be assured
provide their valuable products and can which can effect
inputs for the project. expand the user trust.
system in future.
Question 3 – Feasibility study - 1 Marks
Mr Karthik is trying to do feasibility study on doing this project in Technology (Java), Please help him
with points (HW SW Trained Resources Budget Time frame) to consider in feasibility Study.
Answer 3-
i. Hardware- Laptops, servers, clients, peers, storage, required networking equipments,

and development tools.
Application should be able to handle huge traffic and multiple users should be able to
access the app at the same time. So, hardware requirement needs to be figured out to
make the system scalable.
ii. Software- All the development softwares including licensed Java kits required to develop
Web and Mobile applications. Here, it needs to be determined if any third party
software components or APIs are required to develop the application.
iii. Trained Resources-
a. Mr. Karthik as Delivery Head.
b. Mr. Vandanam as Project Manager.
c. Ms. Juhi as Senior Java Developer.
d. Mr. Teyson, Ms Lucie, Mr Tucker, Mr Bravo as Java Developers.
e. Mr. Mike as Network Admin.
f. Mr. John as DB Admin.
g. Mr Jason and Ms Alekya as Testers.
h. I (Kirti Raheja) as BA.
iv. Budget- 2cr
v. Time Frame- 18 months
Question 4 – Gap Analysis - 1 Marks
Mr Karthik must submit Gap Analysis to Mr Henry to convince to initiate this project. What points
(compare AS-IS existing process with TO-BE future Process) to showcase in the GAP Analysis.
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Answer 4-
AS-IS Process:
i. Farmers have to physically visit the market to buy agricultural products such as
fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides.
ii. Farmers don’t have access to the variety of agricultural products as they have to rely on
intermediaries with limited options for which they need to pay higher prices and
sometimes even low quality products.
iii. Farmers often face difficulty in finding the right products according to their specific crop
requirements.
iv. The lack of communication between the farmers and the manufacturers results in
farmers not being able to procure the latest and most effective products.
TO-BE Process:
i. Farmers will be able to order the required agricultural products online, saving their time
and efforts.
ii. Farmers can buy products directly from the manufacturers at affordable prices,
eliminating intermediaries.
iii. The Online store will have a search functionality to filter products based on crop types,
specific requirements, and other parameters, which will help farmers to find the right
products easily.
iv. Through the Online store, the manufacturers can communicate with farmers and
provide them with the latest products and technologies, resulting in higher productivity
and better crop yield.
Other points to consider:
i. The online store should be user-friendly and accessible to farmers who may not have
much technical knowledge.
ii. The payment gateway should be secure and reliable to ensure smooth transactions.
iii. The Online store should have an effective supply chain management system to ensure
timely delivery of products.
iv. The online store should have a robust customer support system to address any issues or
queries raised by farmers.
Question 5 - Risk Analysis - 3 Marks
List down different risk factors that may be involved (BA Risks And process/Project Risks)
Answer 5- As a BA, Risks should be identified and managed to ensure the success of the project.
Below are the BA risks and Project risks to be considered-
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BA Risks:
i. Lack of understanding of the agriculture industry and the specific needs of farmers in
remote areas.
ii. Miscommunication with stakeholders resulting in unclear requirements.
iii. Unclear project objectives and scope.
iv. Difficulty in gathering and managing stakeholder requirements due to their remote
location.
v. Insufficient resources or unavailability of the resources and budget allocated for the
project.
Project Risks:
i. Limited internet connectivity in remote areas leading to difficulty in accessing the online
store.
ii. Delay in delivery of materials due to unforeseen circumstances such as natural disasters
or logistical issues.
iii. Security risks associated with online transactions and personal information of the users.
iv. Technical risks associated with the development and implementation of the online store
such as software bugs or system crashes.
v. Resistance to change from farmers who are accustomed to traditional methods of
purchasing agricultural products to online buying.
Question 6 – Stakeholder Analysis (RACI Matrix) - 3 Marks
Perform stakeholder analysis (RACI Matrix) to find out the key stakeholders who can take Decisions and
who are the influencers.
Answer 6 - RACI matrix is a responsibility matrix to show the roles and responsibilities of
stakeholders in a project.
RACI stands for Responsible, Accountable, Consulted and Informed. In this project, below are the
stakeholders for which RACI chart is prepared.
i. Mr Henry - Project sponsor

ii. Mr Pandu – Financial head
iii. Mr Dooku – Project coordinator
iv. Peter, Kevin, Ben - Key Stakeholders
v. Mr Karthik - Delivery Head
vi. Mr Vandanam – Project manager
vii. Ms juhi – Senior java Developer
viii. Mr Teyson, Ms Lucie, Mr Tucker, Mr Bravo - Java Developers
ix. Mr Mike – Network Admin
x. Mr John – DB Admin
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xi. Mr Jason and Ms Alekya – Tester
xii. Kirti Raheja – BA
R-Responsible, A-Accountable, C- Consulted and I-Informed
Tasks
Mr.Henry
(Key Stakeholders)
Peter,Kevin,Ben
(Delivery Head)
Mr.Karthik
(Project Manager)
Mr.Vandanam
java Developer)
Ms juhi (Senior
Developers)
Tucker,Bravo (Java
Teyson, Lucie,
Alekya (Tester)
Mr Jason and Ms
Kirti Raheja (BA)

(Project sponsor)
Requirement C A/I R
Gathering
Requirement I R
Analysis
Development R/A A/C R
Testing I I R I
Implementation R I R
UAT I R/A I
Apart from the above tasks, Mr. Mike is responsible for setting up the network infrastructure
required for the project and Mr. John is responsible for managing the project's database.
Mr. Pandu, the Financial Head, is responsible for managing the project budget, while Mr. Dooku
provides guidance and support to the project team. Peter, Kevin, and Ben are consulted for their
requirements and feedback.
Question 7 – Business Case Document - 3 Marks
Help Mr Karthik to prepare a business case document.
Answer 7 - Business case documents are prepared during the project initiation phase and their
purpose is to include all the project’s objectives, costs and benefits to convince stakeholders of its
value.
Project Name Online Agriculture Product store

Client Soony Ltd.
Project Sponsor Mr. Henry
Project Manager Mr. Vandanam
Duration 18 months
Executive Summary The purpose of this business case is to propose the development
of an Online Agriculture Products Store to facilitate remote area
farmers to buy agriculture products. The proposed solution is a
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web/mobile application that allows farmers and companies
manufacturing fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides to communicate
directly with each other. The goal is to provide a platform for
farmers to purchase necessary products without facing any
difficulties in procuring fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides. The
project is expected to be completed within 18 months and is
being undertaken as part of the Corporate Social Responsibility
initiative.
Problem Statement Farmers in remote areas face difficulties in procuring fertilizers,
seeds, and pesticides, which are essential for farming. These
products are not readily available in the market and farmers
often have to travel long distances to procure them. This leads to
wastage of time and money, which could have been utilized in
farming activities. Therefore, there is a need for a platform that
can facilitate the purchase of these products for farmers
Solution The proposed solution is an Online Agriculture Products Store, a
web/mobile application that enables farmers and companies
manufacturing fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides to communicate
directly with each other. The application will have the following
features:
● Farmers can browse through the products and select the ones
they need.
● Companies can submit their product details, which will be
displayed on the application.
● Farmers can place an order for the products and request
delivery to their location.
● The application will have a user-friendly interface for easy
navigation
Benefits The Online Agriculture Products Store will provide the following
benefits:
● Farmers will be able to purchase necessary products without
facing difficulties in procuring them.
● Companies manufacturing fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides will
have a platform to reach out to farmers directly.
● The application will save time and money for farmers, which
can be utilized in farming activities.
Costs The budget for the project is 2 crores INR which includes the cost
of development, testing, deployment, & maintenance. The
project is expected to be completed within 18 months.
Key Stakeholders ● Mr. Henry, who proposed the project and is a key stakeholder.
● Peter, Kevin, and Ben, who shared their requirements for the
project and are key stakeholders.
● Mr. Pandu, who is the Financial Head and a key stakeholder.
● Mr. Dooku, who is the Project Coordinator and a key
stakeholder.
● Mr. Karthik, who is the Delivery Head in APT IT SOLUTIONS
company and a key stakeholder.
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● Mr. Vandanam, who is the Project Manager and a key
stakeholder.
● Ms. Juhi, Mr. Teyson, Ms. Lucie, Mr. Tucker, and Mr. Bravo,
who are Java Developers and are stakeholders.
● Mr. Mike, who is the Network Admin and a stakeholder.
● Mr. John, who is the DB Admin and a stakeholder.
● Mr. Jason and Ms. Alekya, who are Testers and are
stakeholders.
● The farmers and companies manufacturing fertilizers, seeds,
and pesticides who will use the application..
Risks ● The application may face technical issues during development
and deployment.
● There may be delays in development due to unforeseen
circumstances.
● The application may not be user-friendly, leading to low
adoption by farmers.
● There may be issues with product quality and delivery, leading
to dissatisfaction among farmers.
● Competitors may develop similar applications, leading to a loss
of market share.
Conclusion The Online Agriculture Products Store.
Question 8 – Four SDLC Methodologies - 3 Marks
The Committee of Mr. Henry , Mr Pandu , and Mr Dooku and Mr Karthik are having a discussion on
Project Development Approach.
Mr Karthik explained to Mr. Henry about SDLC. And four methodologies like Sequential Iterative
Evolutionary and Agile. Please share your thoughts and clarity on Methodologies.
Answer 8 -
SDLC, which stands for Software Development Life Cycle, is a process used by software
development teams to plan, design, build, test, and deploy software. SDLC consists of several
methodologies or approaches that can be used to develop software applications. These
methodologies include Sequential, Iterative, Evolutionary, and Agile.
Sequential:
Sequential methodology, also known as the Waterfall model, is a linear approach where each phase
of the software development process must be completed before moving on to the next phase. This
methodology works well for projects where requirements are well-defined and there is a clear
understanding of what the end product should look like. However, this approach may not be
suitable for projects where there are evolving requirements or where changes need to be made
during the development process.
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Iterative:
The iterative methodology involves multiple iterations or cycles of the SDLC process. In this
approach, the development team creates a working prototype of the software product, tests it, and
then makes changes based on feedback before moving on to the next iteration. This methodology is
useful for projects where requirements are not well-defined or may evolve during the development
process.
Evolutionary:
The evolutionary methodology is similar to the iterative methodology in that it involves multiple
iterations. However, in this approach, the initial product is not fully functional but evolves over time
through a series of iterations. This methodology is best suited for projects where the requirements
are not fully defined or may change frequently.
Agile:
The Agile methodology is an iterative and incremental approach to software development that
focuses on delivering working software in small increments or sprints. The Agile approach
emphasizes customer collaboration, continuous feedback, and flexibility in response to changing
requirements. This methodology is ideal for projects where requirements may change frequently
and where there is a need for rapid delivery of working software.
Each methodology has its advantages and disadvantages, and the choice of methodology will
depend on the specific needs of the project. It is essential to consider factors such as project
requirements, project scope, team size, budget, and timeline before choosing the methodology.
Question 9 – Waterfall RUP Spiral and Scrum Models - 3 Marks
They discussed models in SDLC like waterfall RUP Spiral and Scrum . You put forth your
understanding on these models.
When the APT IT SOLUTIONS company got the project to make this online agriculture product store,
there is a difference of opinion between a couple of SMEs and the project team regarding which
methodology would be more suitable for this project. SMEs are stressing on using the V model and
the project team is leaning more onto the side of waterfall model. As a business analyst, which
methodology do you think would be better for this project?
Answer 9-
i. Waterfall Model-
Waterfall model is the oldest and most structured method. In this model, each phase
depends on the outcome of the previous phase and all the phases runs sequentially. This
model provides discipline and gives a tangible output at the end of each phase.
However, this model doesn’t work well when flexibility is a requirement.
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ii. RUP Model -
The rational unified process (RUP) is an iterative software development process

framework created by the Rational Software Corporation, a division of IBM since 2003.
RUP is iterative, meaning repeating; and agile. Iterative because all of the process’s core
activities repeat throughout the project. It’s a process of gradual improvement and
learning from previous iterations, as how to improve the next. In RUP, the life cycle of a
project, or the development of software, is divided into four phases. Various activities
take place during these phases: modelling, analysis and design, implementation, testing
and application. The four consecutive phases are:
 Inception phase
 Elaboration phase
 Construction phase
 Transition phase
iii. Spiral Model -
Spiral model is an SDLC methodology which combines Iterative development and

Waterfall model. It is used for Risk management. This SDLC model is mostly used for
large and complicated projects. The spiral model enables gradual releases and
refinement of a product through each phase of the spiral as well as the ability to build
prototypes at each phase. It can manage unknown risks once the project is started. The
radius of the Spiral model represents the cost of the project, and the angular degree
represents the progress made in the current phase. Every phase can be broken into four
quadrants:
i. Identifying and understanding requirements
ii. Performing risk analysis:
iii. Building the prototype: Prototype is built and tested. This step includes architectural
design, design of modules, physical product design and the final design.
iv. Evaluation of the software's performance
iv. Scrum Model-
Scrum is an Agile development methodology used in the development of Software based

on an iterative and incremental processes.
Scrum Methodology and Process: Scrum is executed in temporary blocks that are short
and periodic, called Sprints, which usually range from 2 to 4 weeks.
Each Sprint is an entity in itself, that is, it provides a complete result, a variation of the
final product that must be able to be delivered to the client with the least possible effort
when requested. The process has as a starting point, a list of objectives/ requirements
that make up the project plan. It is the client of the project that prioritizes these
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objectives considering a balance of the value and the cost thereof that is how the
iterations and consequent deliveries are determined.
Considering the available information and the stable nature of requirements in this
project, I would lean towards recommending the waterfall model. However, it's
important to note that the final decision should be made based on a comprehensive
understanding of the project requirements, available resources, and the preferences and
expertise of the project team and SMEs involved.
Question 10 – Waterfall Vs V-Model - 2 Marks
Write down the differences between waterfall model and V model.
Answer 10- The main difference between waterfall model and V model is that in waterfall model,
the testing activities are carried out after the development activities are over. On the other hand, in
V model, testing activities start with the first stage itself. In other words, waterfall model is a
continuous process, while the V model is a simultaneous process. As compared to a software made
using waterfall model, the numbers of defects in the software made using V model are less. This is
due to the fact, that there are testing activities, which are carried out simultaneously in V model.
Therefore, waterfall model is used, when the requirements of the user are fixed. If the
requirements of the user are uncertain and keep changing, then V model is the better alternative.
Also making changes in the software in waterfall model is a difficult task, and also proves to be a
costly affair. The vice versa is true of the V model. Also, any defects in the software cannot be
determined, till the software reaches the testing phase. However, defects are noticed in the initial
phases, due to which they can be corrected easily.
S.No. Waterfall Model V- Model

1 It is a continuous process It is a Simultaneous process
2 Testing activities are accomplished after Testing activities start with the first
the development activities are over. stage itself.
3 Software made in waterfall model has Software made in V-model has lesser
more defects as compared to software defects as compared to software made
made in V- model. in Waterfall model.
4 It is used when requirements are fixed. If the requirements of the user are
uncertain and keep changing, then V
model is the better alternative
5 Making changes in the software in the Making changes in the software in the
waterfall model is costly affair. V-model is comparatively cheaper.
Question 11 – Justify your choice - 1 Marks
As a BA, state your reason for choosing one model for this project.
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Answer 11- As a business analyst, my recommendation would be to use the Waterfall model for this
project. The Waterfall model is a linear sequential approach where each phase of the software
development process is completed before moving onto the next phase. This model is suitable for
projects with clear and well-defined requirements, which is the case for the online agriculture
product store project. The project has a clear objective of developing an e-commerce platform for
farmers to buy agriculture products, and the requirements for the project have been shared by the
stakeholders.
Question 12 – Gantt Chart - 2 Marks
The Committee of Mr. Henry, Mr Pandu, and Mr Dooku discussed with Mr Karthik and finalised on
the V Model approach (RG, RA, Design, D1, T1, D2, T2, D3, T3, D4, T4 and UAT).
Mr Vandanam is mapped as a PM to this project. He studies this Project and Prepares a Gantt chart
with V Model (RG, RA, Design, D1, T1, D2, T2, D3, T3, D4, T4 and UAT) as development process and
the Resources are PM, BA, Java Developers, testers, DB Admin, NW Admin.
Answer 12-
Project Tasks Start Date End Date Time(in days) Time(in hrs)
Requirement Gathering 01-02-2024 13-03-2024 30 240
Requirement Analysis 14-03-2024 24-04-2024 30 240
Design 25-04-2024 19-06-2024 40 320
Development 1 20-06-2024 02-10-2024 75 600
Test 1 03-10-2024 04-12-2024 45 360
Development 2 05-12-2024 12-03-2025 70 560
Test 2 13-03-2025 23-04-2025 30 240
Development 3 24-04-2025 16-07-2025 60 480
Test 3 17-07-2025 27-08-2025 30 240
Development 4 28-08-2025 19-11-2025 60 480
Test 4 20-11-2025 31-12-2025 30 240
UAT 01-01-2026 18-02-2026 35 280
Total 535 4280
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Question 13 – Fixed Bid Vs Billing - 2 Marks
The Committee of Mr. Henry, Mr Pandu, and Mr Dooku is now discussing about the funds and how
to release the funds for development. They were studying Fixed Bid model and Billing Model.
Share your knowledge on Fixed Bid model and Billing Model.
The Committee freeze the Billing Model and agreed to release funds against the timesheets
submitted for every 2 weeks. Every Alternate Friday EOB, Mr Karthik will forward the Development
Team Timesheets and in 3 working days, The Committee will verify and release funds. The
Committee proposed to have a Quarterly Audit on the Project progress.
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Answer 13-
1. Fixed Bid Model- Fixed Bid project is a project in which the time and scope is fixed within a
budget and has a deadline associated with it. In fixed bid model, the client will give all the details,
specs and mock-ups and all the requirements upfront, so that vendor can provide a Bid showing the
project cost. In this model, vendor should be good in estimating the time and budget, as they need
to explain the client, as how much time it would take for them to finish the project and how much it
would cost. This model has less financial risk, however it has no flexibility or room for adjustments,
as the budget and time is fixed. This model usually works with smaller projects with limited features
and clear requirements.
2. Billing Model - Billing Model is a project where the project is billed on hourly basis. Vendor will
set up a team and present the same to the client to bill them for their time spent on development.
This model is flexible in nature, as changes can be added in the middle of the project. This model
allows client to monitor the progress as developers present reports on work completed on timely
basis.
Question 14,15,16,17,18,19,20 – Timesheets - 7 Marks
Please share Sample Timesheets of a BA in various SDLC Stages RG, RA, Design, D1, T1, D2,T2, D3,
T3, D4, T4 and UAT, Deployment n Implementation.
➢ RG Timesheet of a BA
➢ RA Timesheet of a BA
➢ Design Timesheet of a BA
➢ Development Timesheet of a BA
➢ Testing Timesheet of a BA
➢ UAT Timesheet of a BA
➢ Deployment n Implementation Timesheet of a BA
Answers 14,15,16,17,18,19,20 -
Requirement Gathering Timesheet of BA

Resource Name - Kirti Raheja
Designation - Business Analyst
Hourly Rate - 50$/hr
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In Out Duration
Date Tasks Time Time (in hrs)
05-Feb-24 Identify the relevant stakeholders 08:00 05:00 9
06-Feb-24 Requirement Elicitation from stakeholders 08:30 04:30 8
07-Feb-24 Requirement Elicitation from stakeholders 08:30 04:30 8
08-Feb-24 Documenting the requirements 09:00 04:30 7.5
09-Feb-24 Prioritizing and documenting the requirements 09:00 05:30 8.5
Total hrs 41
Total Payable Amount 2050$
Requirement Analysis Timesheet of BA

In Out Duration
12-Feb-24 Specify the requirements and discussions 08:00 05:00 9
13-Feb-24 Model the Req. using Use case Diagrams & Matrices 09:00 04:30 7.5
14-Feb-24 Model the Req. using Use case Diagrams & Matrices 09:00 05:30 8.5
15-Feb-24 Verify and Validate the requirements 08:00 05:00 9
16-Feb-24 Documenting and defining the business requirements 08:00 05:00 9
Total hrs 43
Design Timesheet of BA
In Out Duration
19-Feb-24 Communicating with client about design and solutions 08:00 07:00 11
20-Feb-24 Assessing design options 08:30 05:30 9
21-Feb-24 Assessing design options 09:00 05:30 8.5
22-Feb-24 Verify and Validate the requirements 08:00 05:00 9
Collaborate with team to finalise system design
23-Feb-24 architechture 08:00 05:30 9.5
Total hrs 47
Development Timesheet of BA
16
In Out Duration
Coordinating with team and Checking on the approvals
26-Feb-24 after each development stage 09:00 04:00 7
Coordinating with team and Checking on the approvals
27-Feb-24 after each development stage 08:30 05:30 9
28-Feb-24 Clarifying all queries and brainstorming with dev team 09:00 05:30 8.5
Clarifying all queries and brainstorming with dev team,

29-Feb-24 coordinating with team and keeping track of project 08:00 04:00 8
Working on Change in requirements in development
01-Mar-24 stage from clients 08:00 05:30 9.5
Total hrs 42
Testing Timesheet of BA
In Out Duration
04-Mar-24 Work with Testing team to create system test plans 09:00 04:00 7
05-Mar-24 Create and execute the system test cases 08:30 05:30 9
Review system cases prepared by Testing team and
Provide requirements clarifications when required by
06-Mar-24 TestingTeam 09:00 05:30 8.5
Review system cases prepared by Testing team and
Provide requirements clarifications when required by
07-Mar-24 TestingTeam 08:00 04:00 8
Working with testing team and taking signoff from the
08-Mar-24 client on project acceptance form 08:00 05:30 9.5
Total hrs 42
UAT Timesheet of BA
In Out Duration
11-Mar-24 Develop the detailed UAT test Plan 08:00 05:00 9
12-Mar-24 Develop the test case scenario 09:00 04:30 7.5
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13-Mar-24 Create UAT test cases 09:00 05:30 8.5
14-Mar-24 Test case data preparation 08:00 05:00 9
15-Mar-24 Run the test cases and document the test results 08:00 05:00 9
Total hrs 43
Deployment and Implementation Timesheet of BA

In Out Duration
18-Mar-24 Design RTM and forward to client 08:00 05:00 9
Coordinate to complete manual and functional
19-Mar-24 specifications 08:30 04:30 8
20-Mar-24 Training sessions for end user 08:30 04:30 8
21-Mar-24 Coordinate UAT with stakeholders 09:00 04:30 7.5
22-Mar-24 Collaborate with IT team for system deployment 09:00 05:30 8.5
Total hrs 41
Question 21 – Audits - 3 Marks
5 Quarterly Audits are planned Q1 , Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 for this Project What is your knowledge on how
these Audits will happen for a BA ?
Answer 21-
A business analyst may have experience with various types of audits, including financial audits,
operational audits, compliance audits, and IT audits. In the context of business analysis, they may
be involved in assessing and analysing business processes, systems, and data to ensure compliance
with regulations, identify inefficiencies, and improve overall performance.
A project management audit is a formal review that seeks to evaluate a given project based on
specific criteria. Examples of these can include project quality, performance, and adherence to the
statement of work.
Auditor will check following details while doing Audit of a BA-
Q1-
i. Understanding of company goals does the BA have?

ii. Work is Planned and Tracked?
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iii. If BA Understood the Current as is process?
iv. BA’s understanding of Business Requirements.
v. How BA conducted the Stakeholder Analysis?
vi. What Elicitation techniques has been used to gather requirements
vii. What is the plan of BA for approach strategy?
viii. Can BA prepare BRD by interacting with client?
ix. Is properly requirement prioritization done?
Q2-
i. Auditors will check the documents that have been prepared by the BA.
ii. Has the BA prepared all the required documents like RTM, BPM to understand the
requirement correctly?
iii. How BA has prepared the Use case and Activity diagram?
iv. Was all these documents signed and agreed by the Stakeholders, before the start of the
development stage.
Q3-
i. Auditors will check if the requirements were correctly explained to the development
team or not and are proper documents given to the technical team.
ii. BA tracking the status of the project or not.
iii. JAD session organized by the BA.
iv. Timesheets sent to the reporting manager.
v. BA keeping the Stakeholders updated on the status of the project.
vi. Is BA properly Clarifying queries of technical team during coding?
vii. Is BA forwarding timesheet Properly to reporting manager?
viii. Can developers refer diagrams and transient of BA and code their unit?
Q4-
i. BA tracking the Testing of the product or not?

ii. BA assisting the Testing team for testing the product or not?
iii. BA sending the Test data to the client or not?
iv. Has BA prepared the End user manual?
v. Has BA prepared the client for UAT?
Q5-
i. If BA assisting the Delivery manager to implement the product?

ii. BA helping the client to do the UAT or not?
iii. How BA plans and Organizes training sessions for end users?
iv. Has BA taken the sign off on documents from the client?
v. BA sending the complete timesheet to the reporting manager or not?
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Question 22 – BA Approach Strategy - 5 Marks
Before the Project is going to Kick Start, The Committee asked Mr Karthik to submit BA Approach
Strategy
Write BA Approach strategy (As a business analyst, what are the steps that you would need to
follow to complete a project – What Elicitation Techniques to apply, how to do Stakeholder Analysis
RACI/ILS, What Documents to Write, What process to follow to Sign off on the Documents, How to
take Approvals from the Client, What Communication Channels to establish n implement, How to
Handle Change Requests, How to update the progress of the project to the Stakeholders, How to
take signoff on the UAT- Client Project Acceptance Form )
Answer 22-
BA Approach Strategy: As a business analyst, the following steps can be followed to complete the
project and ensure effective communication and collaboration with stakeholders:
[A] Elicitation Techniques to apply – There are several Elicitation techniques to be used to elicit the
requirement, however for this project, we are going to use the below Elicitation techniques.
i. Brainstorming – We are going to arrange sessions, where participants are

allowed to provide inputs without criticism, discussion, or evaluation. The
goal is to be creative and gather as many ideas as possible in a short period of
time.
ii. Interviews – We will be interviewing every Stakeholder to elicit the
requirements needed to complete the project.
iii. Workshops – We are going to arrange workshops, which will be a focused
event and will be attended by Key Stakeholders and SMEs. The purpose of
these workshops will be for Planning, Analysis, Design, Scoping,
Requirements elicitation, Modelling, or combination of any of these. This
elicitation technique will also be used for generating ideas for new features of
the products, to reach consensus on a topic and to review requirements and
design.
iv. Surveys or Questionnaire – There will be Surveys or Questionnaires sent to
all the stakeholders and SMEs, which will include multiple ranges of open and
closed ended questions, which will extract the information about the desired
product, work practices and behavioural attitudes etc.
[B] Stakeholder Analysis – Stakeholder Analysis involves Identifying the Stakeholders who will be
directly or indirectly impacted by the change and analysing the information once collected.
a) Identifying Stakeholders:
i. Internal Stakeholders
o Project Manager – Mr. Vandanam
o Senior Java Developer - Ms. Juhi
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o Java Developers – Mr. Teyson, Ms Lucie, Mr Tucker, Mr Bravo
o Network Admin – Mr. Mike
o DB Admin – Mr. John
o Testers – Mr. Jason and Ms. Alekya
o BA – Mr. Sourabh Bhattacharya
ii. External Stakeholders –
o Project Sponsor - Mr. Henry
o Financial Head – Mr. Pandu
o Project Coordinator – Mr. Dooku
o Key stakeholders - Peter, Kevin and Ben
b) Prioritizing Stakeholders: RACI Matrix –
Tasks
Mr.Henry
(Key Stakeholders)
Peter,Kevin,Ben
(Delivery Head)
Mr.Karthik
(Project Manager)
Mr.Vandanam
java Developer)
Ms juhi (Senior
Developers)
Tucker,Bravo (Java
Teyson, Lucie,
Alekya (Tester)
Mr Jason and Ms
Kirti Raheja (BA)

(Project sponsor)
Requirement C A/I R
Gathering
Requirement I R
Analysis
Development R/A A/C R
Testing I I R I
Implementation R I R
UAT I R/A I
[C] Documents to write-

 Project vision Document.
 Business Analysis Plan – Stakeholder Analysis Document (RACI)
 Business Requirements Document.
 Functional requirement specification (FRS)/ Functional Specification Document (FSD)
 System requirement specification (SRS)/ System Requirement Document (SRD)
[D] Signing off on the Documents- Once the above-mentioned documents are prepared, as a BA, I
will take the sign off on the above documents via Emails and Physical sign off as well from the
respective Stakeholders.
 Project Vision Document – Email to – Project Sponsor and CC – Financial Head, Project
Coordinator and Project Manager.
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 Business Requirement Document – Project Sponsor (Email and Physical).
 FRS/FSD & SRS/SRD – Email to - Project Sponsor and CC - Financial Head, Project Coordinator
and Project Manager.
[E] Taking Approvals - While taking approval for all the above documents, I will call the respective
Stakeholders and send them an Email with the details.
[F] Communication Channels to establish and implement - As a BA, I would prefer the below
communication channels:
 Face to Face communication – for Requirement Gathering stage. For example, Interviews
with Stakeholders.
 Video conferencing - This communication is also used when the Stakeholder is at a different
location.
 Phone calls – This communication is used for setting up meetings with Stakeholders and for
taking approvals.
 Emails – This communication is used for setting up meetings with Stakeholders and for
taking approvals.
[G] How to handle Change request- As a BA I would handle the Change request by understanding
the below steps.
 Understanding the Scope of Change.

 Determining the Scope of Incorporating the Change request.
 Understanding the Feasibility of the Change request.
 Taking the approval for the Change.
 Communicating and Implementing the Change.
[H] Updating the progress of the project- Provide regular progress updates to stakeholders,
including the project manager, technical team, and committee members. This can be done through
status reports, dashboards, and meetings to ensure transparency and keep stakeholders informed.
 Understand stakeholder needs.

 Proactively listen to your stakeholders' concerns.
 Develop and execute a communication plan.
 Utilize online collaboration tools to share regular progress.
 Send out weekly or bi-weekly status reports.
[I] Signing off on the UAT- Client Project Acceptance Form- Define a process for User Acceptance
Testing (UAT) where the client tests the system and provides feedback.
To finish up the project sign off process, write a small report to other stakeholders or executives.
Briefly describe how closely the project adhered to the initial project plan, what risks or issues
occurred and whether the project was a success in general.
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Project Sign-off Sheet
Version Date: **/**/****
Project Name: Online Agriculture Product Store
Project Goals:
1. To provide online agriculture facility to farmers, to help farmer with online product store.
2. New application should be able to accept the product (fertilizers, seeds, pesticides) details from the
manufacturers and should be able to display them to the Farmers.
3. To facilitate farmers to buy seeds, pesticides, and fertilizers from anywhere through internet
connectivity.
Project Manager- Mr. Vandanam Sponsor - Mr. Henry
Start Date:01st Feb 2024 Planned Budget: INR 2 Crores
Planned Completion Date: 18th Aug 2026 Actual Budget:
Actual Completion Date: Variance:
Variance:
Duration: 18 months
Days Past the Planned Completion Date:
Project Deliverables
By signing this document, I acknowledge that I By signing this document, I acknowledge that I have
have delivered all the stated deliverables at the received all the stated deliverables at the agreed
agreed quality levels. quality levels.
Project Manager Signature Sponsor Signature:
Date: **/**/**** Date: **/**/****
Remarks
Question 23 - 3-Tier Architecture - 1 Marks
Explain and illustrate 3-tier architecture?
Answer 23- Three-tier architecture, also known as multi-tier architecture, is a software design
pattern that divides an application into three interconnected layers: presentation layer, business
logic layer, and data storage layer. This architecture separates the concerns of user interface,
business processing, and data management, allowing for scalability, modularity, and maintainability
of the application.
Presentation Layer: This layer is also called Client layer and is responsible for accepting inputs or
requests from the user and displaying data for the user in a user-friendly format. It accepts inputs
and sends their inputs or request to the business logic layer.
Business Layer: This layer is also called Business Logic Layer and helps define solutions to complex
business problems. It acts as a middle layer between the client and the database server which are
used to exchange partially processed data.
23
Database Layer: In this layer the data or information is stored. This layer performs operations like
insert, update and delete to connect with the database.
Presentation Layer All user interface will be visible on the screen in the Client layer,
Ex: Application Name, Login username and password, Product
list, New user registration, New arrivals etc.
Business Layer Reusable components or changing rules and regulations are
included in the Business Logic layer, Ex: GST, Multiple payment
options etc.
Database Layer Storage place for all the information related to Products, Client
credentials etc. Ex: Product price, Quality, Quantity, Client details
etc.
Question 24 – BA Approach Strategy for Framing Questions - 3 Marks
Business Analyst should keep what points in his/her mind before he frames a Question to ask to the
Stakeholder
(5W 1H – SMART – RACI – 3 Tier Architecture – Use Cases, Use case Specs, Activity Diagrams,
Models, Page designs)
Answer 24 –
Following questions are framing by me with keeping in mind all prospective of(Where, What, Who,
When, How and other)
5W 1H-
 What is the Project and what are the objectives?

 What is the Timeline for the project?
 Who is the Client and Who are the users?
 Who will benefit from this project?
 Where will the product be deployed?
 How much is the Budget?
 Why are the clients developing this product?
24
Other Questions-
 What is the current process farmers are adopting for purchase of fertilizers, Seeds,
Pesticides?
 After opening of the URL what things are shown on the First page?
 How manufacture can be able to upload the new products in to application?
 What things we should keep in Filter when farmer search product such as price, brand,
delivery time and category etc.
 When the application can be used?
 How many users can use the application at a time?
 What things are most suitable for user to log in the application by email or mobile number?
 Can we also allow guest user to use the application?
SMART Criteria-
Frame questions that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. SMART
questions help to clarify requirements, gather specific information, and ensure that the responses
are actionable and measurable.
SMART - Confirm the requirement is SMART before accepting it for development.
 Specific - Narrowing the questions, so let every single question at least include one element
that you can get from it.
 Measurable – The questions are better to be quantified and countable.
 Action Oriented – Does the question influence creation of different or new feature
packages.
 Relevant – Does the question identify which features are most required from the customer?
 Time bound – Does it let you or your customer decide priority in a specific time frame.
RACI Matrix
 Responsible –The person who does the work to achieve the task. They have responsibility
for getting the work done or decision made. The persons responsible are typically working-
level project team members, such as the project manager, business analyst and developers.
 Accountable – The people who is responsible for the correct and through completion of the
task. They are responsible for ensuring the work is complete and suitable.
 Consulted – People from whom feedback and input should be solicited. They are going to
provide information for the project and with whom there can be two-way communication.
 Informed – People kept informed of progress by keeping them in loop. These individuals do
not have to be consulted or be a part of the decision making.
3 Tier Architecture-
25
 Presentation layer - This layer display screens, pages, validation on page, company specific
logic, functionally.
 Business logic layer - In a business logic layer all reusable components, frequently changing
components, governing body rules, regulation, compliance.
 Data layer - In this layer the data or information is stored. This layer performs operations
like insert, update and delete to connect with the database.
Use Cases-
 What type of product we will deliver?

 Where is the location we will deliver the application?
 When should be the process be completed?
 Who all are responsible for doing this?
 Why this product will be used?
 How will we deliver this project?
Use Case Specs-
 Who are the Primary and Secondary actors?

 What are the Actor Goals?
 What are the main Tasks or functions that are performed by the Actor?
 What information does the actor desire from the system?
Activity Diagrams – Activity diagrams are visual representations of a series of actions or flow of
control in a System similar to a Data flow diagram. It is basically a flowchart to represent the
flow from one activity to another activity. The activity can be described as an operation of the
system.
Purpose of an activity diagram can be described as –
 Draw the activity flow of a system.

 Describe the sequence from one activity to another.
 Describe the parallel, branched, and concurrent flow of the system.
Models-
 Conceptual Model
 Data Model
 Physical Model
By considering these points, you can frame well-thought-out questions that elicit the necessary
information from stakeholders, leading to a clearer understanding of requirements and project
expectations.
Question 25 – Elicitation Techniques - 3 Marks
26
As a Business Analyst, What Elicitation Techniques you are aware of? (BDRFOWJIPQU)
Answer 25 - As a Business Analyst, there are several elicitation techniques that can be used
together requirements and insights from stakeholders. Here are some commonly used elicitation
techniques:
1. Brainstorming: A group technique used to generate ideas and gather input from
stakeholders. It encourages open and creative thinking to explore potential solutions or
identify requirements.
2. Document Analysis: Reviewing existing documentation, such as business plans, process
flows, and user manuals, to extract relevant information and identify gaps or areas for
improvement.
3. Requirements Workshops: Conducting facilitated sessions with stakeholders together
requirements, clarify doubts, resolve conflicts, and ensure collaboration among participants.
4. Interviews: One-on-one or group discussions with stakeholders to gather detailed
information, understand their perspectives, and uncover specific requirements.
5. Focus Groups: Gathering a selected group of stakeholders to discuss specific topics or areas
of interest. The group dynamics encourage interaction and exchange of ideas, providing
valuable insights.
6. Observation: Actively observing stakeholders' work environment, processes, and activities
to gain a deeper understanding of their needs, challenges, and workflows.
7. Prototyping: Creating a visual representation or interactive model of the proposed solution
to gather feedback, validate requirements, and facilitate stakeholder understanding.
8. Questionnaires and Surveys: Distributing structured questionnaires or surveys to
stakeholders to gather quantitative or qualitative data and opinions on specific topics or
requirements.
9. User Stories: Capturing requirements from the user's perspective in a concise narrative
format, focusing on the user's goals, actions, and expected outcomes.
10. Prototyping: Creating a visual representation or interactive model of the proposed solution
to gather feedback, validate requirements, and facilitate stakeholder understanding.
11. Use Cases: Describing interactions between actors (users) and the system to illustrate how
the system should behave and what actions it should support.
These elicitation techniques provide various approaches to engage stakeholders, gather

their insights, and understand their requirements effectively. The choice of technique(s)
depends on the project's nature, stakeholders' availability, and the information needed.
Business analysts often employ a combination of these techniques to ensure comprehensive
requirement gathering.
Question 26 – This project Elicitation Techniques - 1 Marks
27
Which Elicitation Techniques can be used in this Project and Justify your selection of Elicitation
Techniques?
Answer 26- For this Project, I would prefer to use the below Elicitation techniques.
 Brainstorming: By using this Technique, we can extract several ideas to make the Online
store more useful for farmers and other users. Once we have these ideas, we can analyse
and select the best ideas to implement. Brainstorming is effective with group of 8 to 12
people it helps to get the good number of ideas from user and stakeholders.
 Prototype: Prototyping is a visual technique, where we can create a representation of any

ideas and allow us to test our ideas directly with the users before developing into a fully-
fledged product. For this project, I would draw down the idea in a paper and share it with
the stakeholders. Being a completely new project in the market, for which there are no
details or documents available, I would use this technique to find the feasibility of the
project, before spending money on the project.
 Use case specs: This technique is a combination of text and pictures which will provide me a
better understanding of the requirements. This technique shows the behaviour of the
system and help to capture the requirement of the system. These diagrams also identify the
interactions between the system and its actors.
By employing these elicitation techniques, the project team can gather a range of
requirements, validate them through feedback and discussions, and ensure that the online
agriculture product store addresses the needs of the farmers effectively.
Question 27 – 10 Business Requirements- 5 Marks
Make suitable Assumptions and identify at least 10 Business Requirements.
Answer 27 –
 BR001- All users (manufacturers and Farmers) should be able to sign up easily on the
system.
 BR002- All users (manufacturers and Farmers) should be able to log in by submitting their
email ID and password.
 BR003 - Farmers should be able to search for available products in fertilizers, seeds,
pesticides.
 BR004 - Manufacturers should be able to upload and display their products.
 BR005 - Once the user’s login to the portal, they should be able to update their address
details, to make sure the delivery happens to their requested address only.
28
 BR006 - Farmers should be able to browse through the Product catalogues once they visit
the website.
 BR007 - Farmers should have the Buy Now option if they want to purchase the product
immediately.
 BR008 - Farmers can have a Save for Later or Wish list option, if they want to buy any
product later.
 BR009 - Farmers needs to have an easy-to-use payment gateway which should include cash-
on delivery (COD), Credit/Debit card and UPI options so that the user’s experience should be
better.
 BR010 - Farmers should get an email confirmation regarding their order status.
 BR011 - Farmers should be able to track their order, once placed.
 BR012 - Farmers should be able to cancel or return the product, if not happy with it.
 BR013 - Farmers should have an option to rate the Product, Delivery and Overall experience.
 BR014 - The online store should be optimized for mobile devices, allowing farmers to access
and use the platform seamlessly on smartphones and tablets
 BR015 - The platform should ensure the security of farmers' personal information, including
their payment details, by implementing robust security measures and using encryption
protocols.
Question 28 –Assumptions- 2 Marks
List your assumptions
Answer 28 –
 The online agriculture product store will primarily cater to farmers and companies involved
in the manufacturing of fertilizers, seeds, and pesticides.
 The store will operate as a web and mobile application to provide accessibility to users.
 Users should either have Laptop or Desktop or Mobile.
 They should have an active Email address.
 They should have an active Bank account with active payment modes, like Credit/Debit card,
UPI payments or mobile banking facility etc.
 They also should have an active registered mobile number to receive OTPs to pay for the
product and accept delivery.
 The store will require a user login system for manufacturers and farmers to access different
functionalities.
 A product catalogue will be available, featuring detailed information about fertilizers, seeds,
and pesticides, including pricing and manufacturer details.
 Users will have the ability to search for specific products within the catalogue.
 Farmers will need to create an account using their email ID and password to make purchases
or add products to a buy-later list. New users can create a new account by providing their
email ID and creating a secure password.
29
 The payment gateway will support multiple options, including cash-on-delivery (COD),
credit/debit card, and UPI (Unified Payments Interface), for a convenient user experience.
 Users will receive email confirmations regarding their order status, providing details about
their orders.
 The platform will include a delivery tracker feature to allow users to track the progress and
location of their orders.
 The application should have Chat facility to speak to any customer service querying for any
product, they want to buy.
Question 29 – This project Requirements Priority - 1 Marks
Give Priority 1 to 10 numbers ( 1 being low priority – 10 being high priority) to these Requirements
after discussions with the stakeholders
Answer 29 –
Req ID Requirement Description Priority

BR001 All users (manufacturers and Farmers) should be able to sign up easily on the system. 9
All users (manufacturers and Farmers) should be able to log in by submitting their
BR002
email ID and password. 9
BR003 Farmers should be able to search for available products in fertilizers, seeds, pesticides. 8
BR004 Manufacturers should be able to upload and display their products. 8
Once the user’s login to the portal, they should be able to update their address details,
BR005
to make sure the delivery happens to their requested address only. 7
Farmers should be able to browse through the Product catalogues once they visit the
BR006
website. 6
Farmers should have the Buy Now option if they want to purchase the product
BR007
immediately. 9
Farmers can have a Save for Later or Wish list option, if they want to buy any product
BR008
later. 8
Farmers need to have an easy-to-use payment gateway which should include cash-on
BR009 delivery (COD), Credit/Debit card and UPI options so that the user’s experience should
be better. 10
BR010 Farmers should get an email confirmation regarding their order status. 6
BR011 Farmers should be able to track their order, once placed. 9
BR012 Farmers should be able to cancel or return the product, if not happy with it. 7
BR013 Farmers should have an option to rate the Product, Delivery and Overall experience. 6
The online store should be optimized for mobile devices, allowing farmers to access
BR014
and use the platform seamlessly on smartphones and tablets 7
The platform should ensure the security of farmers' personal information, including
BR015 their payment details, by implementing robust security measures and using encryption
protocols. 8
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Question 30 – Use Case Diagram - 3 Marks
Draw use case diagram
Answer 30 –
Question 31 – (minimum 5) Use Case Specs - 3 Marks
Prepare use case specs for all use cases
31
Answer 31-
Use case spec 1 – User Buying fertilizer from online agriculture product store
BRIEF DESCRIPTION This Use case explains how a Farmer uses the Online Agriculture
Product Store to buy Fertilizers.
ACTORS 1. Farmers
2. Database/Admin
Pre-Conditions • There should be an active Internet connection.
• Farmer should have Laptop/Mobile.
• Use case Begins with User logs in.
• User validation is performed.
• Customer begins to search for the Agriculture Product.
• Application displays multiple products for the Searched product.
Basic Flow • User selects the product and add it to cart.
• User selects the Delivery location for product delivery.
• User selects the Payment mode to pay.
• Order placed and user receives an SMS for Order confirmation.
• Use case Ends successfully.
• Invalid User – This happens when the user validation fails.
App display message: User validation not completed Successfully.
Use case ends with failure condition.
• Product Out of Stock – If the user selects the product which is out
of stock. App display message: Product out of stock. Select from
similar product available.
• Product Out of Stock for selected location: If the product is not
Alternate Flow
available for the Selected location.
App display message: Product out of stock for selected location.
Please try after few days when the product is available / Try
selecting from similar products.
• No response from Payment server: While making payment, if the
server disconnects or there is no response from the server.
• Use Case Ends
Post Conditions • Successful Completion – User bought the fertilizer successfully.
• Failure Condition – User couldn’t purchase the product due to
some Technical/Financial reason
• The price of all the agriculture product should be as per the Govt.
SUPPLEMENTAL policy.
REQUIREMENTS • The application shall keep a usage detail of all complete and
incomplete transactions.
Use case spec 2 – User registering in the application.
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION This Use case describes, how a user registers himself in an Online
Agriculture Store
ACTORS 1. Farmers
2. Database/Admin
• The user should have active Email address.
• The user should have active mobile number.
Use case Begins – When a new user starts registering himself with
the user details.
1. User enters user details: Name, Address, Mobile number, and
Email ID.
2. Application displays option to send OTP to mobile for mobile
verification.
Basic Flow
3. User sends OTP to the mobile number.
4. User enters OTP received.
5. Application displays OTP verified.
6. User validation performed.
7. Application displays User created successfully.
Use case Ends.
1. Invalid OTP: If the user enters the incorrect OTP. Display
Message: Please enter the correct OTP.
2. Mobile number already used: In this case, if the user enters the
mobile number which is already in use, which means that the user is
already a registered user.
Display Message: Mobile number is already in use. Please enter the
correct mobile number.
3. Email address is already used: If the user enters the email
address which is already used to register, which means that the user
Alternate Flow
has already a registered user.
Display Message: Email address is already in use. Please enter the
correct Email address.
4. User ID not available: If the user enters the User ID which is
already used, then the application gives the below message.
Display Message: User ID already used. Please enter another user id.
5. Server issue: If the user not able to create the user id, when the
server breakdown. Display Message: Server busy. Please try again
later.
Post Conditions • Successful completion: The user id has been successfully created.
• The details updated in the log accordingly.
SUPPLEMENTAL • The application shall keep a log, Including date and time, of all
REQUIREMENTS complete and incomplete transactions.
Use case spec 3– User making payment for the order placed.
33
BRIEF DESCRIPTION This use case describes, how the user goes through a Payment
process after the product selection
ACTORS • Farmer
• Admin
• Bank
• User should have an active Bank account.
• User should have active mobile number to receive the Bank OTP.
Use case Begins – when the user initiates the payment after the
selection of the product.
2. Application displays multiple options to Pay by Credit card, Debit
card, Net Banking, and UPI.
Basic Flow 3. User has option to pay by Credit card, Debit card, Net Banking,
UPI
4. User selects the Payment mode and fill the details.
5. Application displays Payment completed.
6. User receives email and SMS with the Order completion.
Use case Ends
1. Incorrect Card details: If the user enters incorrect Card details.
User receives SMS from Bank about Payment failure due to
incorrect card details entered.
Display Message: Payment not completed.
2. Incorrect OTP: If the user enters incorrect OTP. Display Message:
Payment declined. Incorrect OTP entered.
Alternate Flow
3. Insufficient Funds: Payment got declined due to insufficient
funds.
Display Message: Payment declined. User receives SMS from Bank
confirming the Payment declined due to insufficient funds.
4. Server Busy: Payment didn’t complete due to Server busy. Display
Message: Payment not completed. Server Busy. Please try again
Post Conditions • Successful Completion: Payment is completed, and the Order is
placed successfully
REQUIREMENTS complete and incomplete transactions
Use case spec 4 – Seller adding and updating the products in the portal.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION • This Use case describes how a Seller/Manufacturer adds this
product on the portal.
ACTORS • Seller / Manufacturer
• Database/Admin
• Seller should have Laptop/Mobile
34
Use case Begins – When the Seller wants to Add/update any New
Agricultural product at Agricultural Product store.
1. Seller selects the Sale option before Login.
3. Application displays different Product selling alternatives. In this
case the Seller selects Agricultural product option.
Basic Flow 4. Seller chooses product categories.
5. The Seller enters product details i.e., Product Name, Type of the
product, Price and Offers on product and Approximate Delivery
date.
6. Application displays the new Product detail updated successfully.
7. Seller also receives a receipt by SMS or email.
Use case Ends.
• Region wise product price display to customer: Seller tries to
update the Price as per the region; however the application throws
an error.
Display Message: Price not matching as per the region. Please enter
Alternate Flow
the correct price.
• Incorrect product categories: Seller selects the wrong product
category. Display Message: Incorrect Product category. Please select
the correct category
Post Conditions • Successful completion - The product has been successfully
updated
REQUIREMENTS complete and incomplete transactions with the admin
Use case spec 5 – User cancelling the product.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION • This use case describes how user cancel/return the product at
online agricultural product store
ACTORS • Farmer
• Database/Admin
• Seller
• Seller should have Laptop/Mobile.
Use case Begins – When the User wants to cancel/return agriculture
product at agricultural product store.
2. Application displays multiple order, which has already been
placed.
Basic Flow 3. User selects the Order/Product for cancellation/return.
4. Application displays Reason for cancellation/return.
5. User provides reason for cancellation/return.
6. Application displays Product cancellation/return requested.
Product will be picked up at certain time and date.
7. Seller receives message or product cancellation/return.
35
8. Seller arranges the product pick up.
9. Admin issues Refund to User.
10. User receives the Refund.
Use case Ends.
• Cancel Period over: Application displays this message when the
Alternate Flow user tried to cancel after the cancellation/return period is over.
Display Message: Product cannot be returned.
Post Conditions • Successful cancellation/Return: The product has been successfully

cancelled and the internal logs have been updated.
• Refund Initiated: Refund has been initiated.
REQUIREMENTS complete and incomplete transactions with the admin
Question 32 – (minimum 5) Activity Diagrams - 3 Marks
Activity diagrams
Answer 32 –
1. Login Page-
36
37
2. Signup Page-
3. Buying Fertilizer-
38
4. Order Cancellation-
39
40
5. Adding or Updating Product-
Question 33 – Functional Requirements - 7 Marks
Identify minimum 20 functional requirements
Answer 33 –
41
Req ID Req Name Requirement Description Priority
Farmers should be able to register with the
FR001 Farmer Registration application 9
Farmer Search for Farmer should be able to search for available
FR002 Products products fertilizers, seeds, pesticides 9
Manufacturer Manufacturers should be able to register with the
FR003 Registration application 8
Manufacturer Product Manufacturers should be able to list their products in
FR004 Listing the catalogue 8
The application should display detailed information
about each product, including descriptions,
FR005 Product Details Display specifications, and pricing 7
Farmer should be able to filter and select the product
FR006 Filter as per Brands and Price 6
Users should be able to add products to their
FR007 Add to Cart shopping cart for purchase 9
Users should be able to view and manage the
contents of their shopping cart, including adding or
FR008 Cart Management removing products 8
Users should be able to manage their wish list or buy-
FR009 Wish list Management later list, including adding or removing products 10
The platform should integrate with multiple payment
Multiple Payment gateways to facilitate secure and convenient
FR010 Gateways transactions 6
Users should be able to place orders for selected
FR011 Order Placement products, specifying quantity and delivery address 9
Users should receive an order confirmation with
details such as order number, products, quantities,
FR012 Order Confirmation total amount, and estimated delivery date 7
Users should be able to track the status and location
FR013 Order Tracking of their orders in real-time 6
Users should be able to view their order history,
FR014 Order History including past orders, order details, and statuses 7
Users should have access to customer support, either
through live chat, email, or phone, for assistance with
FR015 Customer Support their orders or inquiries 8
Users should be able to provide ratings and reviews
FR016 User Ratings and Reviews for products they have purchased 7
The platform should provide personalized product
Product recommendations based on user preferences and
FR016 Recommendations browsing history 7
Users should have the option to share products or
FR017 Social Sharing their purchase experience on social media platforms 7
The platform should ensure secure transactions by
implementing appropriate encryption and security
FR018 Secure Transactions measures 9
Users should be able to filter products based on
FR019 Product Filtering various criteria such as price range, brand, or product 8
42
type
Users should be able to manage their account
settings, including profile information, password
FR020 Account Management changes, and email preferences 7
Non Functional Requirements
Req ID Req Name Requirement Description Priority
NFR001 Page Loading Time Each Page should load within 2 seconds time 10
Technical Supported
NFR002 System Application can be used on any OS (Android/IOS) 6
OTP time limit should be given maximum of 5
NFR003 Time Limit for OTP minutes for Login and Registration process 10
If the page is not accessed for more for 5 minutes,
NFR004 Logout System the page should log out automatically 7
Stock availability should be updated on a real time
NFR005 Stock Availability basis 8
Automated Email and SMS notification should be sent
NFR006 SMS & Mail Confirmation to Users 6
NFR007 Backup All data should get backup automatically 7
NFR008 Connectivity System should be connected with Internet 8
Seller should receive Stock alert notifications when
NFR009 Stock Alerts Stock is reduced, every week 6
Bank account should be active in nature for smooth
NFR010 Net Banking payment process 8
Once the Product is sold, the stock of the product
NFR011 Check Stock should be reduced 7
Email Address should be active to receive Email
NFR012 Email Address notifications 5
NFR013 Taxation System All products should be included with additional Tax 8
User should receive Password change alert every 30
NFR014 Password day 4
Generation of payment details on whitepaper receipt
NFR015 Payment Receipt of 4” 6 5
Question 34–Minimum 5 page designs - 3 Marks
Make wireframe and prototypes
Answer 34 –
43
44
45
Question 35 – Tools (Visio, Balsamiq) - 3 Marks
Make a note of the Tools, which you are using for above concepts.
Answer 35 –
46
Microsoft Office Visio
Microsoft Visio is a diagramming and vector graphics application and is part of the Microsoft Office
family. It is used to create diagram types such as Flowcharts, Org Charts, Floor Plans, Network
Diagrams, UML Diagrams, Mind maps and more. It is also commonly used for scenarios such as
Process Mapping and Visual Collaboration. The latest version of Visio also has data visualization that
allows users to create diagrams from Excel data and also embed Visio diagrams in Power BI
dashboards.
Microsoft Office Visio is a tool that eases the process of making complex diagrams. Especially for
business purposes. It can help in the making of presentations, floor plans, org charts, etc. Listed
below are some uses of Visio:
Followings things can draw BA by using MS Office Visio.
 Flowchart: A flowchart is helps to show the steps in sequential order. These are steps that
need to be taken to complete a certain process. It is effective in conveying information.
Thus, it can be used in various other fields too.
 Organization Chart: An org chart displays the roles and reporting relationships in a business
organization. It can be used in also any other organization. It depicts the names and
positions of employees in a company. In short, we can say it shows the structure of an
organization.
 Floor Plan: A floor plan is the structure of a room or a floor. Architects use floor plans to
place doors, windows, and other objects. Visio also offers a floor plan template.
 Business Process Modelling Notation: BPMN is a flowchart method of displaying all the
processes in a business that is to be taken. In other words, it is helps in give a clear
understanding of the processes in a particular business through visual representation.
Balsamiq
Balsamiq Mockups is an effective tool for presenting the software requirements in the form of
wireframes. This helps the software development team to visualize how the software project will
look like in the very early stages of development. This is a small tutorial where we will cover all the
basic steps needed to start with Balsamiq Mockups.
Question 36 – RTM - 2 Marks
A business analyst’s key responsibilities are to keep track of the requirements and make sure that
no requirement is missed.
Mr. Henry and peter have approached you regarding the current status of the project. How will you
tackle this situation?
Prepare RTM
Answer 36 –
Req ID Req Name Req Description Design D1 T1 D2 T2 D3 T3 D4 T4 UAT
47
FR0001 Farmer Farmer should be able to Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N
Registration register with the
application
FR0002 Farmer Search for Farmer should be able to Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N
Products search for available
products in fertilizers,
seeds,pesticides
Farmer should be
No matching
FR0003 notified if the searched Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N N N
Product
product not found
FR0004 Product Selection Farmer should be able to Y Y Y Y Y Y N N N N
select the product
FR0005 Out of Stock Farmer should be Y Y Y N N N N N N N
notified, if the product is
out of stock
Farmer should be able to
filter and select the
FR0006 Filter Y Y Y N N N N N N N
product as per Brands
and Price
FR0007 Similar products Farmer should be able to Y Y Y N N N N N N N
select similar products, if
the searched product is
out of stock
Once the product is
finalized, farmer should
FR0008 Bought together be suggested with Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N
related products as a
package with the price
FR0009 Add to Cart Add the product to the Y Y Y Y N N N N N N
Cart for purchase
Farmer should have an
FR0010 Wishlist option to Add the Y Y Y N N N N N N N
product into Wishlist
FR0011 Save it Later see the option for Save it Y Y Y N N N N N N N
Later, to purchase later
select the Delivery
FR0012 Delivery Address Y Y Y N N N N N N N
address to deliver the
product
Once the delivery
address is selected,
Application should show
FR0013 Payment options Y Y Y N N N N N N N
the Payment options to
the Farmer for
purchasing the product.
Farmer should receive
Payment the Payment
FR0014 Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N
Confirmation confirmation email
and SMS
Order
FR0015 the Order confirmation Y Y Y N N N N N N N
Confirmation
email and SMS
48
Farmer should also see
Expected Delivery
FR0016 the Expected Delivery Y Y Y N N N N N N N
date
date of the product.
Farmer should have the
option to Track the
FR0017 Track Delivery Y Y Y N N N N N N N
delivery on the
application
Cancel/Return/
FR0018 Cancel/Return/ Replace Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N
Replacement
the product
Farmer should be given
FR0019 Return Pick up Pick up date and time for Y Y Y N N N N N N N
cancel/return
Return SMS and Email
FR0020 Y Y Y N N N N N N N
Confirmation confirmation for
cancellation/return
Req ID Req Name Req Description Design D1 T1 D2 T2 D3 T3 D4 T4 UAT

NFR001 Page Loading Each Page should load Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y N
Time within 2 seconds time
Technical Application can be used
NFR002 supported on any OS (Android/IOS) Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N
system
Time limit for OTP OTP time limit should be
given maximum of 5
NFR003 Y Y Y N N N N N N N
minutes for Login and
Registration process
Logout System If the page is not
accessed for more for 5
NFR004 minutes, the page Y Y Y N N N N N N N
should log out
automatically.
NFR005 Stock Availability Stock availability should Y Y Y N N N N N N N
be updated on a real
time basis
NFR006 SMS & Mail Automated Email and Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N
confirmation SMS notification should
be sent to Users
NFR007 Back up All data should get Y Y Y Y N N N N N N
backup automatically
NFR008 Connectivity System should be Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N
connected with Internet
Seller should receive
Stock alert notifications
NFR009 Stock alerts Y Y Y N N N N N N N
when Stock is reduced,
every week.
NFR010 Net Banking Bank account should be Y Y Y N N N N N N N
active in nature for
smooth payment
process
NFR011 Check Stock Once the Product is sold, Y Y Y Y Y N N N N N
the stock of the product
should be reduced.
49
NFR012 Email Address Email Address should be Y Y Y N N N N N N N
a active to receive Email
notifications
NFR013 Taxation system All products should be Y Y Y N N N N N N N
included with additional
Tax
NFR014 Password User should receive Y Y Y N N N N N N N
Password change alert
every 30 day
Question 37 – 10 Test Case Documents - 3 Marks
Prepare 10 Test Case Documents
Answer 37 –
i) Test Case for User Login details

Pre-condition User need a valid User name and Password
for Login to the Online store
Dependencies: User should have an active internet
Test Scenario Test Case Test Steps Test Expected Post- Actual Status
Data Result condition Result
Verify the login Entered valid Enter <valid Successful Home Successfully
of Online Username and Username Username> Login Page Logged in
agriculture valid Password
product store Enter <valid
Password password> Pass
Click Login
button
Verify the login Entered valid Enter <valid The Username Invalid Pop up
of Online Username and Username Username> or Pwd is not Username banner
agriculture Invalid correct. or shows
product store Password Enter <invalid Please enter Password "Invalid
Password password> correct Password" Fail
Username or
Click Login
Pwd
button
Verify the login Entered Invalid Enter <invalid The Username Invalid Pop up
agriculture valid Password correct. or shows
product store Enter <valid Please enter Password "Invalid
Password password> correct Password" Fail
Username or
Click Login
Pwd
button
Verify the login Entered Invalid Enter <invalid The Username Invalid Pop up
agriculture Invalid correct. or shows Fail
product store Password Enter <invalid Please enter Password "Invalid
Password password> correct User details"
50
Click Login
button Username or
Pwd
ii) Test Cases for Cash on Delivery/Pay on Delivery
Pre-condition User should have a Bank account for any

Payment Gateway to select
Test Scenario Test Case Test Steps Test Data Expected Result Post- Actual Status
condition Result
Verify the Select COD <Cash,UPI, Home Page Order
availability of payment COD Cards also Order Placed Placed Pass
COD gateway accepted>
Verify the COD Not <COD Choose another Payment COD Not
availability of Available COD Not available on payment Page Available
Fail
COD available Selected method
Items>
iii) Test Cases for Debit card

Pre-condition User should have a Debit card and Bank account for
this Payment Method
Dependencies User should have an active internet
:
Test Scenario Test Case Test Steps Test Data Expected Post- Actual Status
Result condition Result
Verifying the Entered Enter Card <valid card Payment Order Page Order Placed
selection of Card Details Number number> Successful Successfully
Debit card as and OTP Enter <valid
Payment correctly Expiry expiry>
Method Date Pass
Enter CVV
Enter OTP <valid OTP>
Verifying the Entered Enter Card <valid card Enter Incorrect Enter
selection of Card Number number> Correct Expiry correct
Debit card as number Enter <Incorrect Expiry date Date Expiry date
Payment correctly, Expiry Expiry Date>
Method but Incorrect Date Fail
Expiry date Enter CVV
Enter OTP
Verifying the Entered Enter Card <valid card Enter Incorrect Enter Fail
selection of Card details Number number> correct OTP OTP correct OTP
Debit card as correctly, Enter <valid entered
Payment but incorrect Expiry expiry>
Method OTP Date
51
Enter CVV
Enter OTP <Incorrect

OTP>
iv) Test Cases for Credit card

Pre-condition User should have a Credit card and
Bank account for this
Payment Method
Result condi Result
tion
Verifying the Entered Enter Card <valid card Payment Successful Order
selection of Card Number number> Placed
Credit card as Details and Enter <valid Successf
Payment OTP Expiry expiry> ully
Method correctly Order
Date Pass
Page
Enter CVV
Enter OTP <valid

OTP>
Verifying the Entered Enter Card <valid card Enter correct Expiry Incorr Enter
selection of Card Number number> date ect correct
Credit card as number Enter <Incorrect Expiry Expiry
Payment correctly, Expiry Expiry Date date
Method but Date Date> Fail
Incorrect Enter CVV
Expiry date
Enter OTP
Verifying the Entered Enter Card <valid card Enter correct OTP Incorr Enter
selection of Card Number number> ect correct
Credit card as details Enter <valid OTP OTP
Payment correctly, Expiry expiry> enter
Method but Date ed Fail
incorrect Enter CVV
OTP
Enter OTP <Incorrect
OTP>
v) Test Cases for Product Availability for selected address
Pre-condition User should have a valid Postal address wth postal

code
Test Test Case Test Steps Test Data Expected Post- Actual Status
Scenario Result condition Result
52
Verify the Entered valid Enter <Postal Product is Product Page
product Postal code to Postal Code Code available to Page accepts
delivery on the check the available> this Postal the Postal
Pass
selected Postal Delivery code code for
code product
selection
Verify the Entered Product is not Pop up
product incorrect available in banner
delivery on the Postal code to this postal shows
<Currentl
selected Postal check the Enter code Product "Currently
y Out of Fail
code Delivery Postal Code Page Out of
Stock>
Stock for
this Postal
code"
vi) Test Cases for Product Cancellation for selected address

Pre-condition User should have valid Order processed
Test Priority
Test Scenario Test Case Test Steps Test Data Expected Post- Actual Stat us
Select the Select <Cancel/Ret
Product for Cancel/Ret urn
cancellation/R urn selected>
Testing the Product Product
et urn within Enter <Cancel Product
product cancellation/ cancellation/
the Return Cancel/Ret Reason Cancellation Pass
cancellation/Ret ret urn retu rn
period urn Reason Selected> page
urn successful successful
Select Pick up <Pick up
address address
selected>
Testing the Select the Select <Cancellatio Product is Pop up
product Product for Cancel/Ret n Not not available banner
cancellation/Ret cancellation/R urn available> for shows
urn et urn out of cancellation Order Page "Cancellatio Fail
cancellation/ as its out of n/Re turn
Return period cancellation not
period available"
viii) Test Cases for Applying Coupon code.
Pre-condition User should be a Registered customer

Test that User Entering the Apply Coupon <coupon Coupon code Checkout page Banner
should be able correct code code accepted and show
to add coupons Coupon accepted> Price adjusted "Coupon
Pass
code in accordingly code
Checkout applied"
page
53
Test that User Entering the Apply Coupon <Coupon Coupon code Checkout page Banner
should be able incorrect code code already not accepted. shows "
to add coupons Coupon used> Coupon
code in code already Fail
Checkout used. Enter
page new coupon
code
ix) Test Cases for Seller Adding Product within Limit
Pre-condition Seller should be a registered seller

Test the Upload <Product Banner shows "
maximum Product Image Product added
product adding Image uploaded> Successfully"
Seller
limit Enter <Product Product
adding
Product Name added Home Page Pass
product
Name updated> Successfully
within limit
Update <Product
Product Price Price
updated>
Test the Seller Upload <Product Duplicate Banner shows "
maximum adding Product Image Product Product already
product adding product Image uploaded> already available.
limit over the Enter <Duplicate available Upload New
limit Product Product Home Page Product" Fail
Name available>
Update
Product Price
x) Test Cases for Product Search
Pre-condition User should have Online application

installed
Test if the user Enter the Enter <Product Product Lists up Product Banner
is able to Search name of the Product lists up per successfully Search page shows "
the Product Product user name search> Searched Pass
want to Item
Search Listed"
Test if the user Enter the Enter <Product Product Product Banner Fail
is able to Search name of the Product Searched searched Not Search page shows "
the Product Product user name Not successful Searched
want to Available> Item Not
Search Available"
which is not
54
available
Question 38 – DB Design - 2 Marks
After the requirements are thoroughly explained to the entire project team by business analyst, the
Database architects have decided to do the database design and also to represent the in-flow and
out-flow of data.
Draw database schema and ER diagram
Answer 38 –
55
Question 39 – Data Flow Diagram - 1 Marks
What is a data flow diagram? Draw a data flow diagram to represent the in-flow and out-flow of
data when a Farmer is placing an order for the product
Answer 39 –
Question 40 – Change Request - 5 Marks
Due to change in the Government Taxation structure . we should change the Tax structure How do
you handle change requests in a project?
56
Answer 40 – Change requests are when a stakeholder, either a client or an internal team or
department, requests a change to the processes or deliverables that had already been decided
upon in the project scope.
However, in this scenario, this change request has come up due to change in the Govt. Taxation
structure. As a BA, I would analyze the request and clarify the stakeholders exactly what the
request is asking us to do in the Online Agriculture Product Store. In a normal scenario, as a BA, I
would first do the Feasibility Test, to check, how feasible it is to change the current ongoing project
with the new change request.
However, in this case, Feasibility study is not required, as it’s a Govt structure which needs to be
updated and followed. Therefore, I will follow the below steps to change the project as per the
client’s requirements.
 Document the Change request.

 Look for any Supporting materials to help in adding this Change.
 Need to assess, whether the Change is an Inside or Outside scope. As its an outside scope,
the Budget and time will get impacted.
 BA and PM should ensure whether the change is a minor or a major change. Policy changes
by Govt is a major change request and we need to ensure that the change should be done
according to the Govt. instruction.
 Fill the Change request Form and get the approval from the Project Manager.
 We also need to ensure that our Team understands the priority of this change request.
 We also need to discuss the change with Change Control Board who will recommend the
necessary change on the Project.
 Once this change is approved, the project deliverables will need to be updated. This can
include plans and schedules, business process documents, and the requirements
documents.
 Once these updates have been made, the project manager can communicate the new
course of action to everyone who will be impacted. Now you can delegate the necessary
tasks to the people in charge of implementing these new changes.
Question 41 – Change Request Vs an Enhancement - 1 Marks
As the project is in process, Ben and Kevin have contacted you. The reason is to inform you that
they want the Farmers to sell their crop yields through this application i.e. Farmers should be able
to add their crop yields or products and display to general public and should be able to sell them.
They also want to introduce Auction system for their Crop yields. As a BA, what will be your
response?
Is this a change request or an enhancement???
Answer 41 –
57
The request from Ben and Kevin is an Enhancement request, as they want to add another feature in
the Online store, which will also help the Farmers to sell the yields directly in the online store, apart
from buying products. Hence my response would a positive response to them.
Therefore as a BA, I should analyze the request and provide a project plan, requirement, design, an
testing plans for this request. I must prepare an enhancement request form and decide how much
manpower and manhours required for this enhancement request.
Question 42 – Estimations - 1 Marks
Come up with estimations – How many Manhours required
Answer 42 –
Manhours Required = Total hours working per day x Total number of members x Total numbers
of days worked over the specific period.
Number of Working Hours a day = 8 hours
Number of Resources = 12
Time period provided = 18 months = 547 days = 78 weeks (Including Weekends and Public Holidays)
Assuming Weekends = 156
Assuming Public Holidays = 10
Total = 166
547-166 = 381 working days
Hence, Estimated Manhours = 8 hours * 12 resources * 381 days = 36,576 hours required.
Question 43 – UAT – 2 Marks
Project has finally completed all the stages i.e., design, development, testing etc. Now, it is the role
of a business analyst to contact the client for testing of the final product and have to successfully
complete it. How are you going to handle this situation? And once it is done, what will be the
process to close the project?
Explain UAT Acceptance process
Answer 43 –
User Acceptance Testing (UAT) is a phase in the software development life cycle where the users of
the Online Agriculture Product Store participate in validating that if meets their needs.
As a BA, I will verify all the validations prior to design the UAT Test cases, which will cover the
functionality of the product, System environment, any possible defects which could arise and how
to deal with these defects.
Steps for UAT
 Analysis of Business Requirements: One of the most important activities in the UAT is to
identify and develop test scenarios. These test scenarios are derived from the following
documents:
(a) Business Use Cases
(b) Process Flow Diagrams
(c) Business Requirements Document (BRD)
(d) System Requirements Specification (SRS)
58
 Creation of UAT Plan: The UAT test plan outlines the strategy that will be used to verify and
ensure an application meets its business requirements. It documents entry and exit criteria
for UAT, Test scenarios and test cases approach and timelines of testing.
 Identify Test Scenarios and Test Cases: Identify the test scenarios with respect to high-level
business process and create test cases with clear test steps. Test Cases should sufficiently
cover most of the UAT scenarios. Business Use cases are input for creating the test cases.
 Preparation of Test Data: It is best advised to use live data for UAT. Data should be
scrambled for privacy and security reasons. Tester should be familiar with the database
flow.
 Run and record the results: Execute test cases and report bugs if any. Re-test bugs once
fixed. Test Management tools can be used for execution.
 Confirm Business Objectives met: Business Analysts or UAT Testers needs to send a sign off
mail after the UAT testing. After sign-off, the product is good to go for production.
Deliverables for UAT testing are Test Plan, UAT Scenarios and Test Cases, Test Results and
Defect Log.
Question 44 – Project Closure Document - 2 Marks
Explain Project closure document
Answer 44 –
Project Closure
Online Agriculture Product Store
Revision Date: MM/DD/YYYY Version: 1.0
Approver Name Title/Role Signature Date
Peter and Ben Project Stakeholder * Ok xx/xx/xxxx
Mr. Henry Exec Sponsor (AVP or Ok xx/xx/xxxx
Exec. Dir) *
Mr. Pandu Financial Head Ok xx/xx/xxxx
Mr. Vandanam Project Manager Ok xx/xx/xxxx
Mr. Kartik Delivery head Ok xx/xx/xxxx
Mr. Dooku Project Coordinator Ok xx/xx/xxxx
**By authorizing this Project Closure, the Project Stakeholder(s), and Executive Sponsor agree to all terms within
this document.
Revision History
Identify document changes.
Version Date Name Description
1.0 xx/xx/xxxx Mr. Henry Ok to process
59
Section 1. General Information
Project Activity Date
Project Start 13th Feb 2023
Project Closure* 14th April 2024
**Date of Project Closure refers to the project finish date, meaning all project tasks have been completed
Section 2. Business Objectives (As identified in Business Case Document)
Business Case Business Objectives Met/Not Met Comments

Ref #
BI0001 Farmer should be able to buy Yes Ok
and sell agricultural product
online.
Section 3. Customer Expectation Management

Item Question Description Comments
1 Were all expected benefits and business Yes Ok
outcomes realized?
2 Were all expected performance standards Yes Ok
satisfied?
Section 4. Outstanding Actions Items and Issues

Action Item Transition and/or Resolution
Section 5. Project Office Checklist

Deliverable Description
Risk Assessment completed and posted on suitable Yes No
shared storage.
Business Case completed and posted on suitable Yes No
shared storage.
Project Charter completed and posted on suitable Yes No
shared storage.
Meeting Notes completed and posted on suitable Yes No
shared storage.
Additional project documentation and artifacts Yes No
posted on suitable shared storage, including
Requirements Template, Project Change Requests,
Milestone Timeline, Work Breakdown Structure, etc.
Lessons Learned documented. Yes No
Project folder moved completed projects on suitable Yes No

shared storage.
60
Support Handover Document completed and Yes No
archived.
Comments
Ok to process. Application running properly.
61

Capstone Project 1 Answers - Kirti Raheja

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Capstone Project 1 Answers - Kirti Raheja

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Capstone Project 1: Online Agriculture Products Store

Prepared By- Kirti Raheja ( 05th Aug Batch )

d. Activities ( performed in specific order )

f. End Values to Customer

Question 2 – SWOT - 2 Marks

S.No STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

Question 3 – Feasibility study - 1 Marks

i. Hardware- Laptops, servers, clients, peers, storage, required networking equipments,

Question 4 – Gap Analysis - 1 Marks

Other points to consider:

Question 5 - Risk Analysis - 3 Marks

Question 6 – Stakeholder Analysis (RACI Matrix) - 3 Marks

i. Mr Henry - Project sponsor

R-Responsible, A-Accountable, C- Consulted and I-Informed

Kirti Raheja (BA)

Question 7 – Business Case Document - 3 Marks

Help Mr Karthik to prepare a business case document.

Project Name Online Agriculture Product store

Question 8 – Four SDLC Methodologies - 3 Marks

Question 9 – Waterfall RUP Spiral and Scrum Models - 3 Marks

The rational unified process (RUP) is an iterative software development process

iii. Spiral Model -

Spiral model is an SDLC methodology which combines Iterative development and

iv. Scrum Model-

Scrum is an Agile development methodology used in the development of Software based

Question 10 – Waterfall Vs V-Model - 2 Marks

Write down the differences between waterfall model and V model.

S.No. Waterfall Model V- Model

Question 11 – Justify your choice - 1 Marks

Question 12 – Gantt Chart - 2 Marks

Share your knowledge on Fixed Bid model and Billing Model.

Question 14,15,16,17,18,19,20 – Timesheets - 7 Marks

Requirement Gathering Timesheet of BA

Requirement Analysis Timesheet of BA

Total Payable Amount 2150$

Total Payable Amount 2350$

Clarifying all queries and brainstorming with dev team,

Total Payable Amount 2100$

Total Payable Amount 2100$

Total Payable Amount 2150$

Deployment and Implementation Timesheet of BA

Total Payable Amount 2050$

Question 21 – Audits - 3 Marks

Auditor will check following details while doing Audit of a BA-

i. Understanding of company goals does the BA have?

i. BA tracking the Testing of the product or not?

i. If BA assisting the Delivery manager to implement the product?

i. Brainstorming – We are going to arrange sessions, where participants are

b) Prioritizing Stakeholders: RACI Matrix –

Kirti Raheja (BA)

[C] Documents to write-

 Understanding the Scope of Change.

 Understand stakeholder needs.

Project Manager Signature Sponsor Signature:

Date: **/**/**** Date: **/**/****

Question 23 - 3-Tier Architecture - 1 Marks

Explain and illustrate 3-tier architecture?

Question 24 – BA Approach Strategy for Framing Questions - 3 Marks

 What is the Project and what are the objectives?

SMART - Confirm the requirement is SMART before accepting it for development.

 What type of product we will deliver?

Use Case Specs-

 Who are the Primary and Secondary actors?

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