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Types and Verification of Signatures

A signature is a distinctive mark or name that signifies acceptance or obligation and can be handwritten, printed, or stamped. There are various types of signatures, including handwritten, electronic, and digital signatures, each with its own verification challenges and potential for forgery. Common mistakes in signature verification include false rejection and false acceptance, while signature forgery can be categorized into random, unskilled, and skilled forgeries, each requiring specific detection methods.

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Muhammad Yasir
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167 views3 pages

Types and Verification of Signatures

A signature is a distinctive mark or name that signifies acceptance or obligation and can be handwritten, printed, or stamped. There are various types of signatures, including handwritten, electronic, and digital signatures, each with its own verification challenges and potential for forgery. Common mistakes in signature verification include false rejection and false acceptance, while signature forgery can be categorized into random, unskilled, and skilled forgeries, each requiring specific detection methods.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Yasir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

“A signature is a mark / sign or person’s name

written in a distinctive way on an instrument or


document to signify acceptance , approval or
obligation”.
A signature can be affixed in different ways. It can be handwritten,
printed or stamped. For example, a business entity issues its payroll
cheque with the stamped signature rather than handwritten.

Types Of Signatures
1. Handwritten or Wet Signatures
A wet ink signature is created when a person marks a physical
signature on a piece of paper.

2. E – Signature (Electronic Signatures)


e-signature (electronic signature) is a digital version of a conventional
handwritten signature.

3. Digital Signatures
A digital code (generated and authenticated by public key encryption)
which is attached to an electronically transmitted document to verify
its contents and the sender's identity.
Mistakes In Signature Verification
There are two types of common mistakes which a verifier may commit
during signature verification.

1- False Rejection: This type of error is being committed when a


signature verifier treats as forge or mismatch in spite, they are
genuine. This rejection, which is done mistakenly, creates a negative
impact on customer satisfaction.
2- False Acceptance: Treating forged signature as an authentic or
genuine leads to financial or reputational loss to the bank.

Types Of Signature Forgery


In real life a signature forgery is an event in which the forger mainly
focuses on accuracy rather than fluency. The signature forgeries fall
into the following three categories.

1- Random / Blind Forgery: Typically has little or no similarity to the


genuine signature. This type of forgery is being done when the forger
has no access to the authentic signature.

2- Unskilled (Trace-Over) Forgery: The signature is traced over,


appearing as a faint indentation on the sheet of paper underneath. This
indentation is then used as a guide for a signature.

3- Skilled Forgery : This type of forgery is done when a forger has


access to the sample of the genuine signatures and copies it after
much practice. However skilled forgery is the most difficult among
all forgeries to authenticate or verify.
Signatures Traits
Let’s understand signature features before verification of signature.
 Signature shape / Dimension
 Flow Of Signature
 Length Of Signature
 Pen Lifts – Ink Blots
 Shaky Handwriting – Smoothness of curves
Detection Of Skilled Forgery :-
 Edge thickness should be closely monitored to detect overwriting.
 Straightness of the edges should be checked.
 Sudden blobs in the signatures need to be detected.
 End points should also be checked to detect a sharp finish.
 Matching of unique styled alphabet in the signature.
Things to remember when cheque is presented for payment or
clearance
 Refer SS Card or Signatures available in AHBS to detect forgery or
disguised Signature.
 Be smart about cheque – Spotting fake cheque – Security Features.
 Examining Cheque (Stale or Postdated), Crossing, Over writing, or
Alteration on the face of cheque.
 Wash Cheque
 Writing Zone
 Branch Authorization & Customer “Call back Confirmation” option
is quite effective.

“A quick & simple investigation for authenticity is better


than no investigation at all.”

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