CRIM 4
CHAPTER 1
ETHNICUS – Late Latin word of ethics
ETHNIKOS – Greek word means “national, nation, or people”
ETHICS – Capacity determined right conduct and knowledge of what is right from wrong.
MORAL PHILOSOPHY – Other term of ethics
PHILOSOPY CAN BE DIVIDED INTO FOUR DISCIPLINES:
Descriptive or speculative
Normative
Practical
Critical
HUMAN ACTS – Material object of the study of ethics
RECTITUDE – Right morality of human acts
3 DIVISION OF ETHICS:
GENERAL ETHICS – General principles of morality of human acts
SPECIAL ETHICS – Particular department of human activity
HUMAN ACT – Deliberate sort of activity, internal or external
ELEMETS OF HUMAN ACTS
KNOWINGLY – Fully understands what he is doing
DELIBERATELY – did his action Intentionally
FREELY – performed his action voluntarily
KINDS OF HUMAN ACTS
ELICITED ACTS – not bodily externalized
WISH – something whether realizable or not
INTENTION – something attainable but without committing oneself to attain it.
CONSENT – Acceptance of the will
ELECTION – Selection of the will
USE – Command of the will
FRUITION – Enjoyment of the will
COMMANDED ACTS – Done either by man’s mental bodily powers
MODIFIERS OF HUMAN ACTS
IGNORANCE – Absence of knowledge
PASSIONS – tendencies towards desirable objects
FEAR – disturbance of mind
VIOLENCE – refers to any physical force exerted on a person
HABITS – is a lasting readiness and facility, born frequently repeated acts
MORAL DISTINCTIONS
MORAL – actions which are in conformity with the norm of morality
IMMORAL – actions which are not in conformity with the norm of morality
AMORAL – actions which stands neutral in relation to the norm of morality
BASIS OF MORALITY
SOCIAL NORMS – Unwritten standard of acceptable behavior in society
LAWS OF SOCIETY – Written rules, laws created by men
RELIGION – practices based on faith
CONSCIENCE – practical judgment
INTUITION – natural ability and power to know something without proof or evidence
CHAPTER 2: CHARACTER, VALUE, AND VIRTUE
CARACTERE – French word
CHARACTER – Latin word
CHARAKTER – Greek word
CHARACTER – set of qualities shared by many people, makes a place or thing different from
others
VALUES – qualitatively determined behavior, perceived as good and desirable
VIRTUE – quality of moral excellence, righteousness, probity, responsibility and goodness.
FILIPINO VALUES
Fear of the lord
Fait
Close family ties
Community spirit
Solidarity
Love for others/fellowmen
Knowledge
Love for country or patriotism
Responsible citizenship
Courage
FOUR CARDINAL VIRTUES
PRUDENCE – ability to govern and discipline oneself
TEMPERANCE – ability to moderate or avoid something
FORTITUDE – firmness of mind
PATIENCE – calmness and composure
PERSEVERANCE – ability to go on despite of obstacles
ENDURANCE – ability to last
JUSTICE – inclines the will to give one his right
COMMUTATIVE – rights that exist between one another
DISTRIBUTIVE – rights that an individual may claim from society
LEGAL – actions society may justly require for the common good
CHAPTER 3: ACADEMIC ETHICS AND INTEGRITY
ACADEMIC INTEGRITY – expectation that teachers, student
ACADEMIC INTERGRITY/ACADEMIC DISHONESTY – breaking academic integrity is also
know as
PROTECTING REPUTATION – actions that undermine the academic integrity
PLAGIARISM – submitting work that is not your own without acknowledging
RECYCLING OR RESUBMITTING WORK – recycling and resubmitting work that has already
been assessed
FABRICATING INFORMATION – involves making up information for research – focused
assessment task.
