MSD/2024-25/CLASS XI/INFORMATION SHEET/PG 1 OF 5
NAME:
CLASS: XI
SUBJECT: ENGLISH
DATE:
SESSION: 2024-25
Note Making
Note Making
Notes are short written record of facts to aid the memory. It is an advanced writing skill which is
acquiring increasing importance due to knowledge explosion. There is a need to remember at least
the main points of any given subject. Notes form an essential part of your academic life & help you
in the following ways.
• Notes help you to remember the information you have gathered.
• Notes come in handy for making quick revision before exams.
• Lengthy lessons can be condensed into short relevant pieces by making notes.
• Notes help in understanding the texts better.
❖ How to make notes?
• Read the passage carefully.
Title: What is the main idea of the passage? Frame a heading based on the central idea and write it
in the middle of the page.
Heading How has the main idea been presented and developed?
Sub-headings Are there two or three subordinate/associated ideas? You can frame subheadings
based on these.
Points Are there further details or points of the subtitles that you wish to keep in these notes?
Indenting, i.e., suitably space and number. All subheadings/ points should be written at a uniform
distance from the margin.
❖ Important characteristics of note-making:
• Do not use complete sentences.
• The main points and supporting details are clearly distinguished.
• Certain words are often dropped: articles, words that are repeated, verbs which can be understood
in the context, relative pronouns, conjunctions etc. but not at the cost of clarity.
• Avoid unnecessary facts, examples, illustrations etc.
• Condensed information is organized and recorded in a systematic manner that brings out the
structure of the original text.
• Headings and supporting details are numbered.
• Provide Key to the abbreviations used at the end.
• Use abbreviations, symbols and numbers wherever necessary. Use standard abbreviations and
symbols as far as possible.
• You should not abbreviate every word.
• As a general rule, the title should not be abbreviated. You may use abbreviations in headings/
subheadings.
• Mandatory to include at least 4 abbreviations.
MSD/2024-25/CLASS XI/INFORMATION SHEET/PG 2 OF 5
Your notes should look like:
TITLE
1. Heading 1
1.1 Sub-heading 1
1.1.1 point
1.1.2 point
1.2 Sub-heading 2
1.3 Sub-heading 3
1.1.3 point
2. Heading 2
2.1 Sub Heading 1
2.1.1 point
2.2 Sub Heading 2
2.2.1 point
2.2.2 point
3. Heading 3
3.1 Sub Heading 1
3.1.1 point
3.2 Sub Heading 2
3.3 Sub Heading 3
3.3.1 point
Key to Abbreviations:
1. govt. – government
2. info. – information
3. pnt. – point
4. & - and
5. imp. – important
Summarisation:
Summarizing and note-making go together. In fact, the next step to note-making is writing a
summary. The point to bear in mind is that the notes we make on a subject can either be expanded
into a detailed account or condensed into a summary. The summary is written on the basis of the
notes made on the text. The summary should not exceed 50 words depending on the length
of the text.
MSD/2024-25/CLASS XI/INFORMATION SHEET/PG 3 OF 5
Q. Read the given passage.
1. Artificial intelligence (AI) is making a difference to how legal work is done, but it isn’t the threat
it is made out to be. AI is making impressive progress and shaking up things all over the world today.
The assumption that advancements in technology and artificial intelligence will render any
profession defunct is just that, an assumption and a false one. The only purpose this assumption
serves is creating mass panic and hostility towards embracing technology that is meant to make our
lives easier.
2. Let us understand what this means explicitly for the legal world. The ambit of AI includes
recognizing human speech and objects, making decisions based on data, and translating languages.
Tasks that can be defined as ‘search-and-find’ type can be performed by AI.
3. Introducing AI to this profession will primarily be for the purpose of automating mundane, tedious
tasks that require negligible human intelligence. The kind of artificial intelligence that is employed
by industries in the current scene, when extended to the law will enable quicker services at a lower
price. AI is meant to automate a number of tasks that take up precious working hours lawyers could
be devoted to tasks that require discerning, empathy, and trust- qualities that cannot be replicated by
even the most sophisticated form of AI. The legal profession is one of the oldest professions in the
world. Thriving over 1000 years; trust, judgement, and diligence are the pillars of this profession.
The most important pillar is the relationship of trust between a lawyer and clients, which can only
be achieved through human connection and interaction.
4. While artificial intelligence can be useful in scanning and organizing documents pertaining to a
case, it cannot perform higher-level tasks such as sharp decision making, relationship-building with
valuable clients and writing legal briefs, advising clients, and appearing in court. These are over and
above the realm of computerization.
5. The smooth proceeding of a case is not possible without sound legal research. While presenting
cases lawyers need to assimilate information in the form of legal research by referring to a number
of relevant cases to find those that will favour their client’s motion. Lawyers are even required to
thoroughly know the opposing stand and supporting legal arguments they can expect to prepare a
watertight defence strategy. AI, software that operates on natural language enables electronic
discovery of information relevant to a case, contract reviews, and automation generation of legal
documents.
6. AI utilizes big-data analytics which enables visualization of case data. It also allows for creation
of a map of the cases which were cited in previous cases and their resulting verdicts, as per the
website Towards Data Science. The probability of a positive outcome of a case can be predicted by
leveraging predictive analytics with machine learning. This is advantageous to firms as they can
determine the return on investment in litigation and whether an agreement or arbitration should be
considered.
(a) On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it using headings and
subheadings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever necessary- minimum six) and a format you
consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it. (5)
(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 50 words. (3)
MSD/2024-25/CLASS XI/INFORMATION SHEET/PG 4 OF 5
Artificial Intelligence – Not a Threat
1. Not a threat
1.1 helpful
1.2 makes life easier
1.3 no profession defunct.
2. AI & legal field
2.1 recog. human speech & object
2.2 making decisions - based on data
2.2.1 translates langs.
2.2.2 do search & find tasks
2.3 unable-perform high level tasks like
2.3.1 writing legal briefs
2.3.2 advising clients
2.3.3 apprng in courts
2.3.4 sharp decision making
3. Func. of AI
3.1 collates data
3.2 predicts probable outcomes
3.3 tells return on invt.
3.4 considering agreement or arbitration
Key to Abbreviations
1. AI - Artificial Intelligence
2. & - and
3. recog. - recognises
4. langs. - languages
5. apprng. - appearing
6. invt. - investment
7. Func. - Function
b) Summary
Artificial Intelligence: Not a threat
Artificial Intelligence is not a threat but makes life easier especially in the legal field. It cannot
perform certain high-level tasks like writing legal briefs, advising clients, making sharp decisions
and appearing in courts but it can collate data, aid research and decisions based on data. It can
recognize human speech and translate languages. It can also predict probable outcomes, tell return
on investment, consider agreement or arbitration and is thus advantageous to legal firms.
MSD/2024-25/CLASS XI/INFORMATION SHEET/PG 5 OF 5
Q. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow: 8
1. India has stood for freedom: Even before Independence we viewed our own struggle and
difficulties on the larger canvas of global problems. If democracy is basically tolerance for others'
opinions, the concept of co-existence is democracy on the international plane, for it embodies
tolerance of other nations and systems. Similarly non-alignment gives depth to our independence
and self-reliance for it enables us to retain our freedom of judgment and action on international
issues in the light of our national interests. We avoid involvement in the conflicts and disputes
of others and this helps to blunt conflict between power blocs. I should like to think that it has
also helped world stability.
2. A country is an extended family. When income and resources are limited, one must budget to
ensure that waste is avoided, resources husbanded, priorities established, education and other
social needs catered to, special provision made for those who are weaker or smaller. Industry has
to be balanced with agriculture; technology with culture; state ventures with private initiative;
economic growth with social justice; the large with the small. Every section of society must be
stimulated to creative activity.
3. That is our planning. In no way is it totalitarian or coercive. Industrializing, modernizing and
transforming an ancient society of immense size, population and diversity is a daunting venture
and inevitably, a gradual one. Otherwise, there will be resentment. Transformation should not
cause too much dislocation or suffering for the people nor should it jettison the basic spiritual
and cultural values of our civilization.
4. India's planning experience sums up the successes and problems of our democratic
development. The magnitude and significance of democracy's operation in India are not well
understood, for it is often treated as an adventitious or borrowed growth. Why has democracy
worked in India? Our national leadership was dedicated to it and we wanted it to work, but, also,
because in our society there were elements and traditions which supported the growth of
democracy.
5. In our democratic system, there may be differences in many spheres but we rise above them.
To achieve the objective of keeping the country united, we have to transcend political and party-
based differences, which create dissensions. If we cannot remain united and the country does not
remain strong, with whom shall we have differences? Against whom shall we fight? With whom
shall we be friends? Brothers and sisters, if the country falls, nobody survives. When we were
fighting for the freedom of our country, it did not mean only political freedom. It also meant
social justice, equality and economic justice. Only one phase is over and another one is under
way. We have to cover a long and difficult path. Whereas the enemies were visible during those
days; now they are in disguise. Some of them are openly our enemies, but many become
unintentional pawns of others.
a) Make notes on the passage in any suitable format using recognizable abbreviations wherever
necessary. Give a title to your notes. (5)
b) Write a summary of the passage based on your notes in 50 words. (3)
