Pollution : i) introduction of a contaminant into the environment. ii) created mostly by human actions, also result of natural disasters.

iii) detrimental/adverse effect on any living organism in an environment, making it virtually impossible to sustain life.

LAND POLL

AIR POLL

WATER POLL

NOISE POLL

LAND POLLUTION

any unfavourable alteration in soil by addition@removal of substances n factors

Which decreases soil fertility Soil act as a natural sink for contaminants, by ACCUMULATING and sometimes CONCENTRATING contaminants which end up in soil from various sources. Thus, over time, what may have started as tiny amounts can reach considerable concentrations depending on environmental conditions (including soil types) and degradability of the released contaminant and resulting in soil poisoning.

For example, metals are not degradable and may accumulate and concentrate in surface soils over time. However, not all metals behave similarly. Few metals may leach to deeper soils

especially if precipitation is high (e.g., arsenic), while many other metals will stick to surface soils being adsorbed to soil particles.
Soil Pollution Examples (Pollutant, Sources, Effects)
While a large variety of pollutants could poison the soil, below are examples of the most common and problematic soil pollutants. Main Soil pollutant Lead (Pb) Potential Specific Sources Lead paint Some Common Symptoms/Effects of Poisoning with the Polluted Soil

Affect the nervous system and memory, growth and development, as well as cognitive development (lower IQs) Mining Learning difficulties Foundry activities Autism in genetically predisposed people Vehicle exhaust (historical exhaust since Growth reduction and weight loss lead is not used in gasoline anymore) Impair pituitary-thyroid endocrine system Construction activities Favor osteoporosis at old age Agriculture activities (pesticide with lead such as lead arsenate that was banned but has been historically used)

Mercury (Hg)

Mining Incineration of coal Alkali and metal processing Medical and other waste Volcanoes and geologic deposits (natural sources) Accumulation in plants and vegetables grown on polluted soils

Itching, burning, pain Damage to brain kidney and lungs Pink disease (acrodynia) skin discoloration (pink cheeks, fingertips, toes), while red cheeks and nose in affected chlidren Desquamation (peeling off in layers of dead skin) High blood pressure and hypersalivation tachycardia Loss of hair, teeth, nails, photofobia, kidney disfunction, memory impairment, insomnia - in children If ingested the most specific effects relates to skin pattern changes andcancer (including liver, kidney, bladder, prostate and lung cancer); also at lower doses the digestive system may be affected with symptoms such as: nausea vomiting, stomach irritation, diarrhea, damage of blood vessels

Arsenic (As)

Mining Coal-fired power plants Lumber facilities (used as CCA chromate copper arsenate in pressure

treated wood) Electronic Industry Foundry activities Agriculture (Pesticides - including some of those currently used) Natural accumulation under specific conditions Other metals (Mn, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, etc.) Mining Foundry activities Construction activities PAHs (polyaromatic

If inhaled skin changes; irritation of throat and lungs, circulatory problems, nervous system disorders

Depend on metals please follow individual links

Coal burning Vehicle emissions Accumulation in plants and vegetables grown on polluted soils Cigarette smoke Wildfires Agricultural burning Wood burning Asphalt roads (construction activities) Industrial plants (e.g., coal tar, bitumen, coal-gasification) Accumulation in plants and vegetables grown on polluted soils Construction activities

Harm to skin, body fluids, and

hydrocarbons)

autoimmune system Eye irritation, nausea, vomiting, diahrea Cataracts Kidney and liver damage Cancer (skin, lung, bladder, gastrointestinal) Difficulty in reproduction in animals (not yet confirmed in humans)

Herbicides/Insecticides

Agricultural activities Gardening

Large range of effects from skin rashes to death

Sources of Land Pollution

Non-Agricultural sources Industries waste Mining waste disposal of municipal and industrial sludge. transportation-acid rain urbanisation - e.g construction. are important causes of soil pollution in urban area due to their almost ubiquitous nature. In general, any chemical handled at construction sites may pollute the soil. In construction also can pollute the soil, for example the paint use in construction can spill on the soil. Paint contain lead which