Activity 10.

1: Governance in Nahj al-Balagha

Kharijis were an extremist group that opposed Ali after the battle of Sefin. Their point was that if Ali is right why did he accept the results Hakamyyah by Abu Musa ashari? Then they continued to say that verdict is only that of Allah. By this sentence they meant to say that governance is merely belongs to Allah. Ali instead said: yes verdict is of Allah but this people are distorting the meaning and say that governance is only for Allah. In another word they meant that we dont need to governance. And therefore governance by man is Shirk or associating others with God. Below point could be understood from this sermon: - Misinterpretation of a Quranic verse may lead to really negative results. In this semon Ali emphasize that without any doubt the real ruler is God and even he permits the judgment among people. But it does not mean that God will be present in courts and judges among people or acts instead of president or judge. - The nessessity of governance. Ali announces that: there is no escape for men from ruler good or bad. Cause absence of governance results of anarchism. - Ali shows seven benefits for having governance: 1. the faithful performs acts 2. Unfaithful enjoys the worldly benefits. (both means there will be security when there is a ruler) 3. Under the rule of a ruler God give opportunity of relatively secure life to people.4. It is the ruler who gathers taxes in order to defence country or develop it. 5. With help of ruler people will fight the enemies. 6. Security in transportation and traffic is result of having government. 7. Relatively the weak can revenge from the wicked. The final result of these seven points is that faithful will be secured and protected from the wicked. 3. According to Ali, If a ruler cant do the above mentioned points logically he is not ruler any more.

Activity 10.2: Oath of Allegiance

In the 48th chapter of the Quran (Al Fath), there is a verse on the oath of allegiance. Quote its English translation, and then search any tafasir available to you to find when the oath occurred.

Activity 10.3: Justice in the Quran

There are many verses which advise justice in the Holy Quran. Quote five of them in English, and then write a short text on justice based on your comprehension of these verses.

Activity 10.4: Individual Rights in the Hadith

Try to find a hadith from the Prophet on the importance of individual rights and then explain why you selected that hadith.

Activity 10.5: The Term Majority in the Quran

Some Islamists question the existence of an explicit notion of democracy in the Quran, basing the term majority or majority of people usually used in the Quranic discourse in a negative sense. They support that Islam basically does not demand a democratic approach in the way of finding the truth. For instance, see the following verses: 23: 70-71 and 12:21, 40, 68.

Find more examples from the verses of the Quran, and then try to answer the question.