3D- Geometry 2022

24 May 2022

1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 1 5) 3 6) 4 7) 2 8) 2 9) 3 10) 3 11) 1 12) 4 13) 4 14) 2

15) 3 16) 4 17) 1 18) 3 19) 2 20) 3 21) 2 22) 1 23) 1 24) 2 25) 4 26) 1 27) 2 28) 4

29) 1 30) 3 31) 1 32) 4 33) 1 34) 2 35) 3 36) 2 37) 2 38) 4 39) 2 40) 2 41) 1 42) 3

43) 2 44) 1 45) 1

Solution :- 8)
z = c is parallel to xy − plane
1)
|a1 a2 +b1 b2 +c1 c2 |
cos θ =

9)
2 2 2 2 2 2
√a +b +c √a +b +c
1 1 1 2 2 2

Let P = (x, y, z)
|−15−48+65| 2 1
cos θ = = =
√25+144+169√9+16+25 13√25√2 65
T he dis tan ce f rom P to zx − plane = 3

|y| = 3
2)
AP = P Q = QB

¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯ 10)
⇒ midpoint of P Q = midpoint of AB x − 3 y − 4 z + 3
= = → (1)
−4 −4 13
= (2, 3.5, 5)

(1) passing through P =(3,4,-3)

3) P lies on
2x + y + 2z - 8 = 0 → (1) 5x − y + z = a

(1) × (2) ⇒ 4x + 2y + 4z - 16=0 15 − 4 − 3 = a

4x + 2y + 4z + 5 = 2→ (2) a = 8

Distance between (1) and (2) =

|d1 − d2 | |−16 − 5| 21 7 11)
= = =
√a
2
+ b
2
+ c
2
√16 + 4 + 16 6 2 perpendicular to YOZ plane

4) 12)
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 π1 ≡ Kx + y − z = 9

= =
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1 π2 ≡ x + 2y + z = 7

π
5) θ =
O = (0, 0, 0) , A = (a, 0, 0) , B = (0, b, 0) , C = (0, 0, c) 3

a b c
a1 a2 + b 1 b 2 + c 1 c 2
G = ( , , )
cos θ =
4 4 4

√ a2 + b 2 + c 2 . √ a2 + b 2 + c 2
2 2 2
a + b + c 1 1 1 1 2 2 2
√ 2 2 2
√
OG = = a + b + c
16 4 1 K + 2 − 1

2 √K 2 + 2 √6

6) 2
|a1 a2 +b1 b2 +c1 c2 | 2
6 (K + 2) = 4(K + 1)
cos θ =
2 2 2 2 2 2
√a +b +c √a +b +c
1 1 1 2 2 2
⇒ K = 2

dr's OP= 0, 1, 2
dr's OQ = 4, -2, 1 13)
|0−2+2| 1, 2, 1 = a1 , b1 , c1
cos θ = = 0
√5√19
2, 1, −1 = a2 , b2 , c2

′ ′
Let θ is the angle between the line
7)
A=(1,2,3), B=(2,-1,2) a1 a2 + b 1 b 2 + c 1 c 2

⇒ cos θ =
Equation of the line passing through A,B is
√ a2 + b 2 + c 2 √ a2 + b 2 + c 2
x − x1 y − y1 z − z1 1 1 1 2 2 2
= =
x2 − x1 y2 − y1 z2 − z1 2 + 2 − 1 3 1

x − 1 y − 2 z − 3 = = =

= = √6 − √6
6 2
1 −3 −1
π

θ =
3
14) 23)
π π 3
I = cos , m = cos p =
4 4
√14
We know I 2
+ m
2
+ n
2
= 1 ¯
n̂ = 2 i − 3 j + k̂
¯

1 1 ¯ ¯
2
+ + n = 1 2 i − 3 j + k̂
2 2
n̂ =
√14
⇒ n = 0

π V.E of the plane is r̂ . n̂ = p

Hence angle with positive direction z-axis is
2
⇒ r̂ . (2 î − 3 ĵ + k̂) = 3

15)
a1 a2 + b 1 b 2 + c 1 c 2 = 0 24)
A = (2, −4, 3) , B = (−4, 5, −6)
6 + 5 + 3k = 0
¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯
xy − plane divides AB in the ratio − z1 : z2
−11

K =
= −3 : −6
3

= 1 : 2

16)
x2 −x1 y2 −y1 z2 −z1
±( . , ) 25)
AB AB AB
given lines

AB = √1 + 4 + 1 = √6 ′ ′
x − b y z − d x − b y − d z
1 2 1
Dc's are ± ( , , )
= = and
′
=
′
=

√6 √6 √6 a 1 c a c 1

which are ⊥ to each other

17)
Centriod = ⇒ aa' + c' + c = 0

1 + (−5) + 3 2 + 4 + 1 3 + 7 + 5

( , , )
26)
3 3 3
Let P divides line joining (3, 2, -1) & (6, 2, -2) in
−1 7 the ratio λ : 1
( , , 5)

3 3
∴x -coordinate of P =5
λ(6) + 1(3)
∴ = 5
λ + 1
18)
6λ + 3 = 5λ + 5
z co − ordinate is + ve in 4 oc tan ts

λ = 2

2(2) + 1(2)
19)
∴ y -coordinate of P =
By verification (5,-7,6)satisfying the given lines 2 + 1

=2
20)
Given lines
27)
2x = 3y = −z → (1) A = (1, −3, 4) , B = (1, 3, 4)

6x = 9y = −3z → (2) Let P = (x, y, z)

a1 b1 c1 PA = PB

= =
2 2 2 2 2 2
a2 b2 c2 (x − 1) + (y + 3) + (z − 4) = (x − 1) + (y − 3) + (z − 4)

(1) and (2) are parallel 2 2

⇒ (y + 3) − (y − 3) = 0

⇒ 4y (3) = 0 ⇒ y = 0
21)
2 2 2
z = 0, x , y = r

x − 2 y + 1 z − 1 28)
Given line = =
Midpoints of sides AB,BC,CA are
3 2 −1

x − 2 z + 1 (3, 0, 0), (0, 4, 0) and (0, 0, 5)

⇒

3
=

2
= 1 ⇒ x = 5, y = 1
Coordinates of A,B,C are
A = (3, −4, 5)
2
∴ 25 + 1 = r ⇒ r = √26
B = (3, 4, −5)

C = (−3, 4, 5)
22)
2 2 2 2
P = (1, 2, 3)
AB = (x2 − x1 ) + (y2 − y1 ) + (z2 − z1 )

2
√ 2 2 AB = 164
T he dis tan ce f rom p to x − axis = y + x

Similarly
2 2 2 2 2
√ 2
T he dis tan ce f rom p to y − axis = x + z
BC = (−3 − 3) + (4 − 4) + (5 − 5)

2 2 = 136
√
T he dis tan ce f rom p to z − axis = x + y
2 2 2 2
CA = (−3 − 3) + (4 − 4) + (5 + 5)

T he dis tan ce of the point

= 100

p to coordinate axes are √13, √10, √5 Then AB2 + BC

2
+ CA
2
= 400
29) 32)
Consider coordinates of point D are α = β = γ

2 × 6 + 4 × 1 2 × 2 + 1 × 1 2 × 5 + 1 × 1 2
3cos α = 1
D = ( , , )
3 3 3 1

cos α = ±
16 5 11
= ( , , ) √3
3 3 3
1 1 1 −1 −1 −
12 6 3 ′

similary E = ( , , )
T he dc s of the lines are ( , , ) (or) ( , ,

3 3 3 √3 √3 √3 √3 √3 √

11 4 1 −1 1 1 1 −1 −1
F = ( , , )
( , , ) (or) ( , , )
3 3 3
√3 √3 √3 √3 √3 √3

If centroid of triangle DEF is O(x, y, z) then

1 −1 1 −1 1 −1
16 12 11
( , , ) (or) ( , , )
+ +
3 3 3 13 √3 √3 √3 √3 √3 √3

x = =
3 3 1 1 −1 −1 −1 1

12 6 ( , , ) (or) ( , , )
4
+ + √3 √3 √3 √3 √3 √3
3 3 3 5
y = =
T he no. of directed lines = 8
3 3
11 3 1
+ +
3 3 3 5 33)
z = = |a1 a2 +b1 b2 +c1 c2 |
3 3 cos θ =
2 2 2 2 2 2
√a +b +c √a +b +c
13 5 5 1 1 1 2 2 2

coordinates are ( , , ) |5.2+6.2−3.1| 19 19

3 3 3 cos θ = = =
√25+36+9√4+4+1 √70√9 3√70

34)
α = β = γ

2 2 2
cos α + cos α + cos α = 1

2
3cos α = 1

1 1
2 2
cos α = ⇒ cos α = ±
3 √3

1 1 1
′
PC s ± ( , , )
√3 √3 √3

35)
The given planes
2x-y+3z=4
6x-3y+9z+13=0
30) π
2 2 2 13
cos α + cos ( − α) + cos β = 1
⇒2x − y + 3z + = 0
2 3
2
1 + cos β = 1 Distancce between planes=
2 |d1 − d2 | 25
cos β = 0
=
2 2 2
√a + b + c 3√14
β = 90

36)
31)
A=(1,-2,5) Angle between a line and plane = θ

(a,b,c)=(1,2,3) Angle between the line and the normal of the

The equation of the line passing through A plane =900 − θ

having dr's a,b,c is

x − x1 y − y1 z − z1
37)
= = π ≡ x + 2y − kz + 3 = 0
a b c
′
dr s of normal of the plane (1,2, - k)
x − 1 y + 2 z − 5
= =
1 2 3 dr's of the line perpendicular to the plane (2, 4, 3)

1 2 −k −3

⇒ = = ⇒ k =

2 4 4 2
38) 42)
Let P = (α, β, γ) 2x − 3y + 6z − 11 = 0

Let M is the foot of perpendicular from P on xy− dr's of the normal of the plane 2, -3, 6
plane dc's of the normal of the plane =
2
,
−3
,
6

7 7 7
⇒ M = (α, β, 0)
2
Let Q is the image of P w.r.t xy− plane cos θ =
7
Q = 2M − P
Where θ is the angle made by the normal of the
= (2α, 2β, 0) − (α, β, γ)
plane with X-axis.
= (α, β, −γ) π
∴ − θ is the angle made by the plane with X-
2

39) axis
x − 4 y − 2 z − k
Given line = = → (1) π π
−1
2
1 1 2 − θ = − cos ( )
2 2 7
(1) passing through P = (4,2,K)
2
Given plane 2x − 4y + z + 7 = 0 → (2)
= sin
−1
( )
7
(1) lies on (2)
⇒ 8 − 8 + K + 7 = 0

43)
K = −7 P = (a, b, c)
The distance from P to x - axis
40) 2 2
= √b + c
P divides AB in the ratio
x1 − x : x − x2

44)
2 − 4 : 4 − 5
P = (6, 7, 8)
−2 : −1 The perpendicular distance from P to XY - plane
2 : 1 = |Z| = 8

2Z2 + 1Z1 −4 + 1
pz = = = −1
2 + 1 2 + 1
45)
A = (2, 3, −5) , B = (−1, −2, −3)

41) −z1 : z2
A = (4, 2, k) lies in the plane
= 5 : −3
2(4) - 4(2) + k = 7
k=7