‫الطقم الكامل‬

‫المرحلة الثانية‬
‫المحاضرة الخامسة‬

Complete denture
Occlusal rim (record rim, bite rim ):-
An occluding surface built on temporary or permanent denture bases for the
purpose of 1making maxillomandibular records and2 arranging teeth

Occlusal rim
The occlusion rims are used to establish:-
1-the level of the occlusal plane.
2-The neutral zone or arch form (which is related to activity of the lips ,cheeks and
tongue and includes preliminary circumoral and facial support).

neutral zone

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 3-The preliminary maxillomandibular records, which include the vertical and
horizontal jaw relationships and an estimate of the inter occlusal distance.
4- It restores facial contour.

-Other used of occlusion rims:-

1-It helps to determine the length and width of artificial teeth
2-To determine the midline of the arch for correct placement of central incisors.
3-To develop proper lip support.
4-To develop cuspid eminences.

-Maxillary occlusal rim:-

1-The anterior height is 22mm. from the depth of the labial sulcus to the
anterior incisor region.
2-The posterior height is 18mm.from the depth of the sulcus.
3-The incisal edges of the maxillary central incisors are usually 8 to 10mm
away from to center of the incisive papilla.

4-The width of anterior teeth about 4-6mm and the width of posterior teeth
about 6-8mm.

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-Mandibular occlusal rim:-
1-The anterior height of the occlusal rim is 18mm from the depth sulcus and
the posterior is determined be developing the rim parallel to the junction
between the anterior two third and posterior one third of the retromolar pad.
2-The width of anterior teeth is 4mm and the width of the posterior region
6mm.

Orientation relation: the jaw relation when the mandible is kept in its most
posterior position, it can rotate in the sagittal plane around an imaginary transverse
axis passing through or near the condyles.
This record gives the angulation of the maxilla in relation to the base of the skull.it
is necessary to do orientation jaw relation before carrying out other jaw relations.

Orientation of the occlusal rim:

The occlusal rims are inserted into the patient mouth and fallowing factors are
checked:
1-lip support and labial fullness
2-over jet

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 3-cheek support and buccal fullness
4-level of the occlusal plane
5-orientation of plane of occlusion.
Level of occlusal plane:
The occlusal plane should be located at the mid-point of the inter arch distance. the
upper occlusal rim should be reduced up to or 2mm below the level of upper lip
during speech. The lower occlusal rim should be at the level of the lower lip and
the angle of the mouth. posteriorly it should be two third the height of the
retromolar pad.

level of upper occlusal rim The lower occlusal rim should be at the level of the
lower lip and the angle of the mouth

Orientation of the plane of occlusal rim

The plane of the occlusal rim should be parallel to the maxilla. The plane of the
maxilla is determined anteriorly by inter pupillary line and posteriorly by ala tragus
line. this line extends from the upper border of the tragus of the ear to the lower
border of the ala of the nose. Orientation Relation can be recorded with a face-bow

The upper occlusion rim parallel to inter-pupillary line (Anterior plane) The upper occlusion rim parallel to ala-tragus line

Anteroposterior plane

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Face bow:
Its caliper like device that used to record the relationship of the jaws to the T.M.J
or the opening axis of the jaw and to orient the casts in this same relationship to the
opening axis of the articulator.

Hinge axis:
This imaginary line around which the Mandible may rotate in the sagittal plane.

Occlusal plane:
It’s an imaginary surface or plan which is anatomically related to the cranial
and the occlusal plane touch the incisal edge of incisors and the tips of
occluding surface of the posterior teeth
Occlusal plane:
Is represented by the following three points on the edentulous jaw:
- Contact point of the incisal edges of the lower central incisors (incisal point),
- Tips of the distobuccal cusps of the second lower molars
- This is mostly situated at the height of the lip closure line. lip closure line

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The purpose of the registration by the face bow is to relate the maxillary bite rims
to temporomandibular joint(T.M.J) and facial planes. This registration aids in
determining not only esthetic factors but also the type of occlusal plane.

Face bow consist of :

1- U-shaped frame: that is large enough to extend from region of TMJ to position
5-7 cm in the front of the face wide enough to avoid contact with the side of the
face.
2- Condylar rode: the part that contacts the skin over the TMJ.
3- The face bow fork: attached the occlusal rim and it’s attached to the face bow by
means of locking device.

USES OF THE FACE BOW:

1- Face bows are used to record the anteroposterior and mediolateral spatial
position of the maxillary occlusal surfaces relative to this transverse opening and
closing axis of the patient's mandible.
2- The face bow is then attached to the articulator to transfer the recorded
relationship of the maxilla by ensuring that the corresponding cast is attached in
the correct position relative to the hinge axis of the instrument. After the maxillary
cast has been attached to the articulator.

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Two types of face bows are recognized:
1- arbitrary 2- kinematic
Mounting: means the laboratory procedure by which the upper and lower base
plate and rims with their casts are attached to the articulator and then the teeth are
setup in centric occlusion.

Requirement and procedure of mounting:

1. The midline should be marked of the upper cast is determined as the midline
of incisive papilla
2. V- shaped notches should be carved in the base of the cast.
3. The surface of the base should be smoothed with sand paper and then separate
medium applied for easy separation.

4. The occlusal rim and denture base should well stetted to the
cast and then sealed by the wax to the cast
5. Placing the upper cast and occlusion rim on the occlusal
plan table and the cast should be positioned so that the

midline of the occlusion rim aligned with the tip of pen anteriorly and the line
drawn on the base.
6. Plaster should be placed on the top of the cast so the notches should be carefully
filled then The upper jaw member closed.
7. After the plaster has set the articulator should be placed upside down to mount
the lower cast. The lower cast should be related to the upper cast and then they
should firmly joined together with steel rods and sticky wax.

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8. The plaster should be placed on the lower cast base using similar technique to
that used for the upper cast.

Errors of mounting:
1- Record bases are not properly stetted and secured to the casts during mounting
procedure.
2- Occluding rims not keyed for correct orientation.
3- Wrong transference of mid line to the articulator which mean shifting of mid
line.
4- Movement of cast during mounting.
5- Face bow records defected.
6- Incisal pin not properly closed.