KHAN GLOBAL STUDIES

Kisan Cold Storage, Sai Mandir, Mussalahpur Hatt, Patna – 6

Mob. : 8877918018, 8757354880

Defence (Mathematics) By : Prashant Sir

Logarithm
➢ If a is positive other than 1, x is a 0<a<1 Y
rational no 𝑎 𝑥 = 𝑁.
log 𝑎 𝑎 𝑥 = log 𝑎 𝑁 ⟹ 𝑥 = log 𝑎 𝑁
𝑓(𝑥) = log 𝑎 𝑥 is valid if X
𝑥 > 0 and 𝑎 > 0 but 𝑎 ≠ 1
1. log 𝑎 𝑎 = 1
2. log 𝑎 (𝑚𝑛) = log 𝑎 𝑚 + log 𝑎 𝑛
3. log 𝑎 𝑚𝑛𝑝 = log 𝑎 𝑚 + log 𝑎 𝑛 + log 𝑎 𝑝
4.
𝑚
log 𝑎 ( ) = log 𝑎 𝑚 − log 𝑎 𝑛 Inequality and Logarithm
𝑛
5. 𝑛
log 𝑎 𝑚 = 𝑛 log 𝑎 𝑚 Important results
6. log 𝑎 1 = 0
log 𝑏 1. |𝑥| < 𝑎 ⟹ −𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑎 ie, 𝑥𝜖(−𝑎, 𝑎)
7. log 𝑎 𝑏 = log 𝑎 2. |𝑥| ≤ 𝑎 ⟹ −𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑎 ie, 𝑥𝜖[−𝑎, 𝑎]
8. log 𝑎 𝑏 = log
1 3. |𝑥| > 𝑎 ⟹ 𝑥 > 𝑎 or 𝑥 < −𝑎 ie,
𝑏𝑎
𝑞 𝑥𝜖(−∞, −𝑎) ∪ (𝑎, ∞)
9. log 𝑎𝑝
𝑞
𝑏 = 𝑝
log 𝑎 𝑏 4. |𝑥| ≥ 𝑎 ⟹ 𝑥 ≥ 𝑎 or 𝑥 ≤ −𝑎 ie,
10. 𝑎log𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)
= 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑥𝜖(−∞, 𝑎] ∪ [𝑎, ∞)
11. 𝑥 log𝑎 𝑦
= 𝑦 log𝑎 𝑥 If 𝑎, 𝑏 > 0, 𝑐𝜖𝑅 then
5. 𝑎 < |𝑥| < 𝑏 ⟹ 𝑥𝜖(−𝑏, −𝑎) ∪ (𝑎, 𝑏)
a. If log 𝑎 𝑥 > 𝑦 6. 𝑎 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝑏 ⟹ 𝑥𝜖[−𝑏, −𝑎] ∪ [𝑎, 𝑏]
If 𝑎 > 1 then 𝑥 > 𝑎 𝑦 7. 𝑎 < |𝑥 − 𝑐| < 𝑏 ⟹ 𝑥𝜖(−𝑏 + 𝑐, −𝑎 + 𝑐) ∪
(𝑎 + 𝑐, 𝑏 + 𝑐)
If 0 < 𝑎 < 1 then 𝑥 < 𝑎 𝑦
Question:
b. If 𝑥 > 𝑦
1. 1 ≤ |𝑥 − 2| ≤ 3 then 𝑥 belongs to
If 𝑎 > 1 log 𝑎 𝑥 > log 𝑎 𝑦
(a) [−1,5] (b) [3,5]
If 0 < 𝑎 < 1 log 𝑎 𝑥 < log 𝑎 𝑦
(c) [−1,1] (d) [−1,1] ∪ [3,5]
𝑓(𝑥) = log 𝑎 𝑥
3
Graph 2. |𝑥|+2
≥ 1 then belongs to

a>1 Y (a) [−1,1] (b) (−1,1)

(c) (−∞, 1] (d) [1, ∞)

2
X 3. If |𝑥−4| > 1 then 𝑥 belongs to

(a) (2,6) (b) (2,4) ∪ (4,6)

(c) (−∞, 2) (d) (6, ∞)

𝑥−1
4. If ≥ 2 then 𝑥 belongs to interval
𝑥

(a) (1,2) (b) (0,1)

 (c) [−1,0) (d) (1, ∞) 13. If ¼;fn½ log10 (x + 1) + log10 (5) = 3 then
what is the value of x (x dk D;k eku gS½
5. The value of 16log4 3 is
16log4 3 dk eku gS a) 199 b) 200
c) 299 d) 300
a) 8 b) 3 14. What is the value of 2 log 8 2 −
log3 9
3
c) 4 d) 9 log3 9
6. log 8 128 =? 2 log 8 2 − dk D;k eku gS
3

7 a) 0 b) 1
a) b) 16
3
c) 8/3 d) 16/3
3 1 (log27 9) (log16 64)
c) d) 15. =?
7 16 log4 √2
7. 2log35 − 5log3 2
a) 1 b) 2
a) 2 b) −1 c) 4 d) 8
c) 1 d) 0 16. If ¼;fn½ (log x x) (log 3 2x) (log 2x y) =
2
1 log x x then what is the value of y ¼y dk D;k
8. If a > 0, b > 0, 𝑐 > 0 then +
logab abc eku gS½
1 1
+ log =? 9
logbc abc ca abc a) b) 9
2
a) 0 b) 1
c) 18 d) 27
c) 2 d) None of these
17. If ¼;fn½ log k x ∙ log 5 k = 3 then what is
9. If ¼;fn½ log 4 5 = x and log 5 6 = y then ¼rc½ x (x D;k gS½
log 3 2 =?
1 1
a) k 5 b) 5k 3
a) b) c) 243 d) 125
2x+1 2y+1
log√αβ (H)
1
c) 2xy + 1 d) 18.
2xy−1 log√αβγ (H)

log27 9×log16 64
10. a) log αβ (α) b) log αβγ (αβ)
log4 √2

1 1 c) log αβ αβγ d) log αβ β

a) b)
6 4
19. If ¼;fn½ log 3 [log 3 [log 3 x]] = log 3 3 then x
c) 8 d) 4
¼rc x)
11. For what value (s) of x is log10 (999 +
a) 3 b) 27
√x 2 − 3x + 3) = 3
c) 39 d) 327
x ds fdl eku ds fy, log10 (999 +
1
√x 2 − 3x + 3) = 3 20. log(a + √a2 + 1) + log ( ) =?
a+√a2 +1

a) 0 b) 1 only ¼dsoy ,d½ a) 1 b) 0

c) 2 only ¼dsoy nks½ d) 1, 2 c) 2 d)
1
2
12. If ¼;fn½ 10(log10|x|) = 2 what is x (x dk D;k 9 27 3
eku gS½ 21. log10 (8) − log10 (32) + log10 (4) = ?

a) 2 only ¼dsoy nks½ b) −2 only ¼dsoy a) 3 b) 2

−2) c) 1 d) 0
c) 2 or −2 d) 1 or −1 22. log 2 (log 3 81) = ?
a) 2 b) 3
 n
c) 4 d) 9 c) d) n
2

1 1 1 1 1
23. 2 log 8 2 − 3 log 3 9 32. + log + log + ____ + log =
log2 N 3 N 4 N 100 N
? (N ≠ 1)
a) 0 b) 1
c) 2 d) 1/3 1 1
a) b)
log100 ! N log99 ! N
24. If (log 3 x) (log x 2x) (log 2x y) = log x x 2
99 99
then y (rc y) c) d)
log100 ! N log99 ! N
a) 4.5 b) 9
c) 18 d) 27 33. log 7 log 7 √7√7 √7
25. log 𝑦 x ∙ log x y log z z =?
5 2 3
a) 3 log 2 7 b) 1 − 3 log 2 7
a) 10 b) 20 7
c) 1 − 3 log 7 2 d)
c) 30 d) 60 8

26. log 81 243 = ? 34. log 9 27 + log 8 32

a) 0.75 b) 1.25 7 19
a) b)
2 6
c) 1.5 d) 3
c) 4 d) 7
27. If log10 2, log10 (2x − 1) and log10 (2x +
35. If ¼;fn½ f(x) = log10 (1 + x) then what is
3) are three consecutive terms of an AP
4f (4) + 5 f(1) − log10 2 equal to
then x = ?
¼rc 4f (4) + 5 f(1) − log10 2 fdlds cjkcj gS½
;fn log10 2, log10 (2x − 1) vkSj log10 (2x +
3) AP ds rhu dzekxr in gS rc x = ? a) 0 b) 1
a) 1 b) log 5 2 c) 2 d) 4
c) log 2 5 d) log10 5
1 2
28. If ¼;fn½ log 8 m + log 8 (6) = 3 then ¼rc½ m
equal to ¼cjkcj gS½
a) 24 b) 18
c) 12 d) 4
29. If log a (ab) = x then log b (ab) = ?
1 x
a) b)
x x+1
x x
c) d)
1−x x−1

30. If ¼;fn½ x + log10 (1 + 2x ) = x log10 5 +

log10 6 then x equal to ¼rc x cjkcj gS½
a) 2, −3 b) 2 only
c) 1 d) 3
1
31. If ¼;fn½ n = 2017 ! then ¼rc½ +
log2 n
1 1 1
+ + ______ + =?
log3 n log4 n log2017 n

a) 0 b) 1