International Training Programme on Biogas Production, Purification and Power Generation for Commercial Technology Packages

IIT Delhi 25th October, 2010

Government Programmes & Schemes on Biogas in India

Dr. A.R. Shukla Adviser (Bio-energy) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
Email: shuklaar@nic.in

Biogas- Fertilizer Plants: Most Potent tool to Handle Methane- a Green house gas
Methane (Green house gas) released from three Landfills of Delhi during 2008: 74,000 tonnes
(Indian Express 29.01.2010)

Effect of methane is higher than 21 times from CO2 by: Percentage of methane in harmful green house gas: 18%(approx.) Annual CO2 Emission Reduction from 0.15 million biogas plants: 0.7053 million tonnes Expected Annual CER from 0.150 million biogas plants: `0.75 million Expected Annual Return through CER from 0.15 million Biogas $3.750 million 03-Nov-10 2 Plants @ US $5

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Bio-energy Technology Development Group

Biogas Dissemination Programmes: National Biogas and Manure Management Programme (NBMMP). Biogas Based Distributed/Grid Power Generation Programme. Recovery of Energy from Industrial Wastes. Recovery of Energy from Urban Wastes.

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Bio-energy Technology Development Group

Biogas R&D and Technology Demonstration Programme: Demonstration of Integrated Technology Package on Biogas-Fertilizer Plants (BGFP) for Generation, Purification/ Enrichment, Bottling and Piped Distribution of Biogas. Establishment of Business Model for Demonstration of an Integrated Technology Package for creation of smokeless villages using biogas/ bio-energy systems and meeting Life-line Energy envisaged in Integrated Energy Policy R&D and technology development in biogas, biofertilizer and bio-energy refinery.

National Biogas and Manure Management Programme (NBMMP): Achievement

NPBD/ NBMMP Launched in 1981. Estimated potential of biogas plants: 12 million Nos.

Cumulative Biogas plants installed: 4.27 million (35.5%) Envisaged Target for 11th Plan: 0.64 million plants 3 (1.4 million m )

Approved CFA under National Biogas and Manure Management Programme for 11th Plan
Category CFA (2-4 m3 Plant) (Rs.) `14,700/`10,000/`8,000/`2000 67,500/`1500/6

CFA (1 m3 Plant) (Rs.) `14,700/`9,000/`4,000/-

1. NER States 2. Notified hilly areas, J&K and Plain areas of Assam 3. All other States 4. Support for Training courses 5. Turn key Job-fee

Biogas-Fertilizer Plant Demonstration Projects: Objectives

To harness near total potential of loose and leafy biomass waste, cattle dung and waste from kitchens and gardens in rural areas for installation of medium and large size biogas-fertilizer plants. Purification/ enrichment of bottling of biogas to replace PNG/ CNG/ LPG. To produce, upgrade and package high quality biofertilizer through vermi-composting and other technologies from digested slurry of BGFP To establish self-sustainable entrepreneurial model for installation of such plants in villages, gaushalas, dairies, eating joints, restaurants, hostels and institutions.

Biogas-Fertilizer Plant Demonstration Projects: Potential

Medium size Biogas-Fertilizer Plant (200-1000 m3):
Estimated Potential: 0.1-0.6 million nos. 11 nos. of Projects sanctioned MNRE support: 50% cost of the project (excluding cost of Land) For one lakh nos. of projects(average 200m3 capacity) 1. Estimated biogas generation: 20.0 million m3/day 2. Annual Estimated LPG equivalent: 9.216 million kg/day 3. Annual Estimated bio-fertilizer prod.: 109.5 million tonne Estimated cost of an Integrated 200-1000 m3 BGFP Project (cost will vary on plant size taken up): `4.0-16.0 million. Raw Biogas in the range of 200m3 1000 m3 per day, which may be equivalent to about 90 Kg- 450 Kg of LPG/CNG Per day.

Large Sized Biogas-Fertilizer Plant Demonstration Projects

Proposals have been received under Demonstration of Integrated Technology Package on BGFPs for generation, purification, bottling and piped distribution of biogas in the capacity range of 1,100 20,000 m3 and above in response to EOI of the Ministry.
Sl. No. Biogas Generation Capacity (m3) 1. 2. 3. 1,100 - 5,000 5,100 - 10,000 10,100 - 20,000 and above CFA for Biogas Purification, Bottling/ Distribution Applications* 40% of the cost of the project 35% of the cost of the project 30% of the cost of the project

* Excluding cost of land.

Main Components of BiogasFertilizer Plants (BGFPs)

Slurry/ Feed-stock preparation systems. BGFP Digester. Biogas Purification/ Enrichment and Safety Systems. Biogas bottling and piped distribution for various applications. CO2 bottling and utilization. Slurry processing/ for recycling of water. Vermi-composting and slurry management system. Bio-fertilizer upgradation and packaging. Marketing and supply management of Bio-fertilizers.

Biogas Digester design and sizing suitable for multi feed stock
Up flow Sludge Anaerobic Blanket (USAB) Modified USAB CSTR BARC-NISARGRUNA Any other

Biogas Upgradation/ Enrichment Technology

Water scrubbing using high/ low pressure Biological Scrubbing Chemical scrubbing Membrane separation Pressure Swing Adsorption, Molecular sieves Cryogenic Separation

Biogas Upgradation/ Enrichment Technology

Based on water scrubbing method a wet scrubber has been designed and developed at IIT, New Delhi. Up to 95% CO2 removal is observed when compresses biogas is fed into the scrubber and pressurized water is sprayed from top in counter current action at a certain pressure and flow rate. Enriched Biogas is made Moisture Free by passing it through filter after that it is compressed up to 200-bar pressure using a three stage gas compressor. Compressed gas is stored in high pressure sleet cylinders as used for CNG. Bio-methane(enriched Biogas) which is nearly same as CNG, can be used for all application for which CNG is used. Available engine system can easily be converted to suit CBG. Pressure Swing adsorption Technology is also available, although it is slightly costlier but could be better in certain situations.

Institutional arrangements for implementation of BGFP Technology Demonstration Projects

BGFP demonstration projects are implemented through private and public sector companies and leasing companies, rural entrepreneurs, cooperatives through IREDA, Banks and other financial institutions. To make Biogas-fertilizer plant based Energy Infrastructure Initiative more economical, corporate bodies and entrepreneurs can bunch BGFPs in group of villages/ areas to avail of CDM benefits.

Proposed Composition of compressed Biogas

Compositions

Biogas for Automotive Application Minimum 95%

Biogas for Stationary Engine Application Minimum 90%

Biogas for piped Network

CH4 H2S Moisture CO2+N2+O2+CO+ Other Gases

Minimum 90% Maximum 50 ppm Maximum 0.02gm/m3 Maximum 10%

Maximum50 ppm Maximum 50 ppm Maximum 0.02gm/m3 Maximum 5% Maximum 0.02gm/m3 Maximum 10%

Biogas based Distributed/ Grid Power Generation Programme (BPGP).

Launched in January, 2006. Projects completed: Projects under Installation: 73 Nos.(461.75 kW) 147 Nos. (2219.5 kW)

Total no. of projects sanctioned: 220 Nos. Total/ Aggregated capacity: About 2.68 MW

Biogas based Distributed/ Grid Power Generation Programme: Central Financial

Assistance
Power generating capacity Biogas plant capacity CFA/subsidy limited to the following ceiling or 40% of the cost of the system whichever is less. `40,000 per kW `35,000 per kW

3 -20 kW >20 kW to 100 kW

25 cu. m to 85 cu.m Any combination of above plants or alternate capacity /design Any combination of above plants or alternate capacity / design

>100 kW to 250 kW

`30,000 per kW

Biogas based Distributed/ Grid Power Generation Programme

Biogas Plant Capacity: 25 - 3000 cum/ day Power Generation Capacity: 3 -250 KW Estimated Power Generation from 25 cum Plant: 30KWhr per day (3KW) Estimated Power Generation from 100 cum Plant: 120 KWhr per day (12 KW) Estimated No. of hours for meeting Power Requirement from 25 cum Plant: 10 hrs.

Programme for Energy Recovery from Industrial Wastes: Central Financial

Assistance*
Bio-methanation of Low Energy Density & Difficult Wastes: `10 million/ MWeq (12000 Cu.m. biogas per day) Bio-methanation of other Wastes: `5.0 million/ MWeq (12000 Cu.m. biogas per day) Power generation from Solid Industrial Waste (Boiler + Steam Turbine): `2.0 million/ MW Power generation from Biogas (Biogas Engine/ Turbine): `10 million/ MW *For Special Category States: 20% higher than that of other States
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Power generation from Biogas (Boiler + Steam Turbine): `2.0 million/ MW

*Limited to 20% of Project cost

03-Nov-10

*Limited to `5.0 crore per Project

Programme for Energy Recovery from Urban Wastes: Central Financial Assistance
Projects based on Biomethanation Technology from cattle dung, vegetable market & slaughterhouse wastes generated in urban areas: For Power generation: `30 million*/ MW Projects based on Bio-methanation Technology from a mix of cattle dung, vegetable market & slaughterhouse wastes and agricultural Wastes: Projects based on Biogas generated at Sewage Treatment Plants: For Power generation: `20 million*/ MW *Limited to 40% of Project cost

For Power For Thermal Applications: generation: `10 million*/ MWeq `20 million*/ MW (12000 Cu.m. biogas per day) *Limited to 50% of cost
03-Nov-10

Project

*Limited to 30% of Project cost

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Application-wise Biogas Plants installed, Estimated Biogas Production and Power Generation capacity
Sl. Type of Biogas Plants No. No. of Biogas Plants installed 4,253,624 73 70 Estimated Biogas Production capacity In million Power m3 per day Generation 8.5072 For cooking requirement 0.0042 0.5466 0.44 MW 91.11 MW

1. 2. 3.

Family size Biogas Plants for cooking applications. Small size Biogas plants for electricity generation. Large size Biogas Plants based on Urban and Industrial wastes for power generation. Total

4,253,767

9.0580

91.55 MW

Entrepreneurial Opportunity in NBMMP

Introduction of competitive bidding on pilot basis. Promoting installation of pre-fabricated biogas plants based on HDPE, RCC, FRP, ferro-cement. Metallic and combination thereof including in-situ construction using moulds. Development and registration of biogas-fertilizer companies/ entrepreneurs (BGFCOs)/ BGFEs). Installation of biogas plants through CDM route. Development and registration of biogas-fertilizer companies/ entrepreneurs for providing interest free loans upto `2.0 million. Financing and implementation of family type biogas plants through banks, IREDA and other financial institutions. Utilization of 5% of outlay for establishment of innovative models for financing and implementation and

Sintex make Pre-fabricated HDPE material based 2m3 Deenbandhu Model Biogas Plant

03-Nov-10

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Shakti Surabhi Portable Biogas model working on Kitchen and Vegetable Waste.

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Biogas based power generation at Sanjivini, Nagpur

Schematic Diagram for Biogas Fertilizer Plant

Cow dung and loose and leafy biomass collection from Rural areas/ villages Biogas/compressed Bio gas production

Bio gas

CNG/ LPG
Domestic cooking Irrigation purpose Rural transportation

Increased income for rural women Better health of women & children. Women empower ment Low cost productio n Increased income of farmer.

Biogas/ scrubbing/ cleaning unit

Vermicompost/ Vermiwash

Vermi pack

Land quality improvement Seed quality improvement

Vermi wash

Carbon credit Cow dung/bio gas collection from Existing dairies

Clean air Development Curbing GHGs

Purification and Bottling of biogas At Bakrol, Distt. Vadodara

Biogas cylinders At Bakrol, Dist Vadodara

THANK YOU