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k
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k cfG J dP dh dH UdG S jd G AYE jd e

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QU jJ e hj kGNCGh .YG IOHEG hCG ffEG V FGG Y dG Gg J d k HS
dG jdGh ,ZdG g dh ,g H qJ M d dG S H AYEG Y j fCG fhfEG
.VGh Z J ,H gJ S
dG (S/2004/616) GdG H eh GdG dfG dGdGh fdG IOS Y dG eCG jJ fG
CG Vh bh .YG IOHEGh ffEG V FGGh G FGL Y dG Y G Gg VJ UGjh cDj
k jCG fG .1999 IG CG EG dG eCG SQCG Ice hCG Id LdG OG g IG
e aEG a GAGLEG PJG N e gjJh fEG M jH G OG e IaG YG
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12

G`dG jdG dG SSCG Y dP bh .G EG hCG dG EG Y e eQ e H

Gg Ch .ddGh G AYdG eOEG N e k IQGh jQdG G o
n J dG
e kGc j fEa GTEG adG Y hCG G eG Y bj c FG AdEG
ceCG QhL GP He SQ dG h .kGY n jo h Y VhG GYG U
.IQN bCG FGG dM UNh iNCG

?J SSCG Y hCG jJ SSCG Y dG AfEG - 8

jg e c Yh jGe LJ bh .SFQ S hCG Wh jH eEG Ik OY G AfEG j
j eY dh .bGdG G hCG VH aCG jdG k dBG WdG dG Oujh HSCG
SCG SFQ Se QGUEG j b) bdG eGY dG a HSCG jg H k Me QG
S VEH e k aGWCG jdG dG J b) SdG KCdG feEGh ;(jdG QGUEG e
ShCG wSS YO
lom jdG dG Y dq j b) dG hCG SdG YhGh ;(gPf OGeG hCG dG
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.QMEG

UdG J - 9
H h .G UJ k jL dH jdG dGh eG UNG op J CG j
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dG X GPEG jQSdG Z hCG jQSdG dG jdG H j b dP dh .(dG UJ L
f AjEH dG aCG e j a ddh .jdG dG hCG jdG dG S J fCch
.gJ Y e Y jQJ Jh UdG L

dG AYCG QNG - L
AYCG ADg j CG Gh .a Ak YCG j jdG UTCG e eY eCG jf dG Ouj
GU CG GWCG L d deh (hdG dG Y hCG) G SGh GMH j k UTCG
AYCG ADg j CG jh .(AGQBG e SGh d cCH YG IQU J CG hCG) HS
dG AYh jYG IdG hCG edG eGh jdG AYdG e G hCG G e k SGh k bf
H QNGh .gZh fEG M edGh WCG hCG AdG V dG AGNh Hq Gh

13

CG jh G gGh eGdG e OY EG dG Gg e QGb Sh ;dhO Ak YCG J CG GdG

.(10)eCG jf WGG j
k G a .gQNG bJh dG AYCG QNG Y FdG eGdG eh
EG dG AYCG J j CG hC
AYCG J YS N e dG Y d HdG hG Oq CG bh .dG UNG ZU H
k ,dG
GMH dsa J M jT VEG EG ,ITe S JG GHEG H e
d edG dG hCG gDGh AYCG QNG Y VH UNG Ou CG jh .SGh
hCG dG hCG SdG GMCG hCG SdG AYdG NOE G CG ehe IH jh .G
.HdG G YG
k
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h jdG hCG bEG hCG KEG YG G RGdG dd dh dHo GPEGh jQhJ
ja Jh ASCG TJ EG QG IYO jQhdG dG g J bh .SdG AGQBGh G
Heh sTG S d (G YG hCG YdG uJ) AYCG QN
VG IY bh .FdG AYCG ASCH dG S EG UJ Jh dG jFdG
CG e dhO fc GTEG EG dG dhO AYCG QNG iOq CG Qh .(11)Ic dH dP REG
.(12)FdG dG b WdG dG a Y k jCG AYCG ADg GQOEG j dh IG
dh eGdG e OH dP Oj bh .bdG d hCG tdG SSCG Y eEG dG AYCG j CG h
AYCG J EG J LG Ea IjGe IQH dYCG edG SG L No
p J dG C kGf
AYCG QM c SG L J h dH J fc dG HdG dG h .edH dG
Y kGOM cCG hj UTCG GTEG EG LH QdG g dG Z AYCG NOEG SCG MCG j b
dhO JG hPh dG gZ hCG UN ffb IN aJ j UTCGh G AYCG
Z dG dhO AYCG NOEG Ia n Jo WdG bdG H h .dhdG YdGh dG YCGh GeCG
.IH jQhV Zh Fe
.G S Y dGSh jaCG L jdG H QNG iL
Hh AYCG KK ASCH J CG fEG M Ve e oW dGS a .dhdG AYCG QNG P jJ
e jdG UdG k e GJ fC d dG g VsJ dh .Y dH WdG QNG ja b dP
jg eh ,iNCG ceCG h .AjbCG sTG H SG dHh dhO AYCG H G YdG G
feCG e kUCG ASCG e dG ALh U jQhJ Y hH dhdG AYCG J ,JGZh QhOdGh
QH j HdG SQG g H d bdG gG AjEG jh .Qjf IG Cd edG
.FdG QNG WdG YdG G fL e IGh edG cQG dc e AjbCG Te

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14

k
Y kGc scJ AYCG dhDe fc G J h .dG MGh SCG EG j bh b
k
d dG G Y hucj Gfc dP e Hh
dG jd J fc dG edG YCG
dG AYCGh .FdG jdG Y GTEGh d jdG SdG Vhh ,YVG SSCG Y
k
SM eY
J CG k jCG SdGh dG S Ea ddh dG e gdG LdG g
N Ea bdG d hCG tdG SSCG Y j dG AYCG c AGSh .uG dG e edG
.jGdG e VGh J CG j dG AYCGh Xd dG jG H dhDG

jdG IdG - GO
N e gh LdGh jQGOEG GOGSG bdG e c V HdG G e c
Jh JG QSG e jgG dG YVa .dG d IOhG dG IdG e kGc
L e idG G dch fdG IYb efH AfEG hCG jJh SGGh JG AGTh XG
J CG b dG bh e kGQT dH J CG jgL YJ M Jh GeCG
.GbCG NCG hCG dG de LQH hdG
CGJ CG b dG AYCG J H TCG S EG KK e j Ia UNG Ouo CG j ddh
:j e dhCq G GOGYEG J CG h .SdG dG IdG
dhCq G XG Jh XG ep N Vh
hCG dG M gZh GbCG NCG Xe jQJ
Y N OYG
G edG SG IOs N SGQO
eCG q J GPEG OdG j efH Vh
dhdGh WdG QOG e dshCG GeCG Lh fGe OGYEG
dG EG sS dG cfG M LSGh Jh jd dsa fH IYb AfEGh J
BG EG gOY j b dGh
jgL YJ M J
jdG SSCG HCH VG
eGh IG CGh dhdGh WdG eG Z G e IOLG FKdG
iNCG QOGh LCG
YCG dG IY LG M hdG QhdGh YdGh OQGG aJ j bdG dP AKCGh
.jdG

15

XG ep - Ag
Y SGh S XG e LMG Ea NB H e J LMGh hdG CG M
AGNh h fEG M AGN EG S fCG dG bJ CG j G S Yh .LQCG
NOE Xeh SG FNCGh Leh YLG jTe hCG eh MHh ffb
J CH ,dG eCG hCG dG jG Xa .Ic iNCG a fL EG eCG Xeh fdG
j dG AYCG c GPEG UNh ,Y GTEGh d edG dG LM Xh g ,fc
C ,LQdG YCG e XG Qc UNh Xe J Y kGc dG J CG jh .bdG d
Jh jQGOEG GQe q S ,jdG cdGh SdG SH J H gh ,dG Y H
.c V dH dG Y IQbh IL SS Sh IOM
dG fc dP eh .dG Me M G Y Ie AKCG XG OY jj CG sLG eh
NCG Xe e GY dP Sh .dG IhQP Y Xe 500 EG 200 e k J INCG
L ueh MdGh G e ch fdG NOEGh dG Xe e GYh GbCG
dG b bh .FdG jdG Jh Hd H UCG k ja eCG S jdG h .dG SG
S dG G GH Osj CG j dP dh ce EG dhO Xe H G e
Z Xe NOEG AGREG WdG dG Y MGdH QdG hCG dG dch ,dP N Me
.dG
G S Yh .Ib I sG jQSG AGG N e GG H SG h
G GS dP c AGS IOs jQe OcCG NQDGh YdG dG FNCH fSG
.HCG N J FdG jQdG YVG hCG GdG e SQ Y IYd hCG

16

G Y - dK
jgG fCG - dCG
GbCG NCG - 1
LdGh OdGh jdG e ITe IPNCG GbCG N e dhCq G Jee e kGc G
.GbCG NCG Xeh GbCG ue H UN YLG AKCG k eY NDJ gh ,VG cfG e
dG b hCG ge EG aVEH d bEG Je GbCG NC XG ADg jRJ j bh
OH jd d GbCG NCG Y J jh .dG AfCG idG EG e baCG
.eBGh J H JGN
J b bCG Y TCG IY Ik OY jh d idG fCG hCG e kGMGh k eY GbCG NCG uh
k He Sh .XG ADd jQhV jQdG j CG sLG eh .dG jh W M S EG
TdG hCG VG e JcGP J b jdG jdG e GbCG NC dG jdG ae e
dP EG aVEHh .bGdG Y Ic GS Qhe H M dG edG VGYCG k jCG Y J bh
.GbCG qd G
GAGLEGh TCG IOsG dG fGG a EG XG ADg S
n
a ddh ,dH OdGh jdG MdGh TG JG L g GbCG NCG Xe Sh
.fEGh dH HSCG j CGh VGh j dG eG J CG G
Zj jdG IG M hCG OdG hCG jdG e H 20 000 EG 7 000 e k G Jh
.fCG jNBG cQe hCG cQe Y dG

fdG IYb - 2
jd fH IYb AfEG G J CG j eG e FdG G Gg IYd
e fh dG e i eG IQGOE fCG g Jh .dEG OJ dG GbCG h Jh

17

ddGh bdG e IdG G Ea dP eh .NBG H Y G bOh LSG

CG j AGdG Y dGh OG OdGh XG EG LMG Mf e dG Gd MG
.k ese VH ahe J
LCG e fdG NOEGh d dG e baCG EG dG S q h b of je EG aVEHh
fdG NOEGh dG YC dG X edG bdG e c Qb J Sh GbCG
CG g VJ fH SQ fEG EG ODSh eg gGh
C
m
m G EG FdG Sh .eG h
.bHp jdG OY jH d J bh

dGh HCG - 3
j MGh b IAdG e Qb cCH dGh HCG H G j MCG e c
aj d dG C kGfh .VG CH HCGh dG dG H W U ebEH
bh .a qd dG G e kGOY k QJ a b c dG td bdG d
dG ZJ b f bdG h .HGG e Ic k KGMCG hCG se OGaCG V dG G g J
kGOM kGKCJ se Kq CJ ie e ,dG hCG dG bGYh SCG Y YVe HCH dG
G e kGOY G H QNG bh .dhDG e Qb cCG hj a J dG YG hCG
.H mMGh e dG jQJ H d
q IOsG G hCG IOsG
J bh .GdG hdG Qhd k J k jCG j b jQdG GMCd edG dG ah
ITG cQG M hCG gCG G HQG GWCd SCG J hCG jdG cQG g
e SdG YdG UGe T NCJ Q hCG ,Y jQJ J hCG Gb SQEG N e
FG g dG J CG jh .jQG cfG OfG Y eG e cfG JJ
.J QWEG

dG SG L - 4
H j c GPEG UNh QG eCG d M e jGhQ Ua LdGh jd dG J eY
jd Jh VG ANCH QGbEG k Yh k SQ J CG dH J fEa k YGPEG hCG k fjJ G
L YJh .dYCG aT e jJh G QfEG QGSG MG e q Jh dEG SG Ua
e jW Ia OGeG Y jd dG dG uJh jgc QG GTEG Y dG SG
.Vd WdG bG h bdG

18

YVe Y NBG H ucj b M ;jd AUEG Y SG L H ucJ bh

G GdG QhO e) H SDe Y hCG dG e FdG gG e UN GMCGh IOs
.(dG M jdG SDG QhO hCG dG
bdG EG S c dG eCG dH egG EG k FL Y SG L Y QGb Sh
dsah jb jW fCG dG SG L KCG a dP eh .e S d MG OQGGh
.G L gY J CG bCG Y jh QG Y dG YCG f LCG e jd
H a .G G cQe SSCG Y J L d gG J eCG g kGNCGh
aj jdG fOCG iG e IG EG ITe SCG LJ G G AYCG j G
dGS NOCGh .YCG IQcG d QJ G G GAGLEG M c ,JQG
SG Y e dG Gg j bh .SG L H G jdG AYdG k jCG
.k jCG iNCG GH k Fe G QhG GP dsG

jgG JGh YdG - 5

kGL dG J CG jh .dG KCG j Y ,gGeh W Mf e ,YdG dG OL YJ
,dGbCH AOEd Je EG edG eG hP e gZ hCG jdG IYOh Qd Y Th d
h .G OhM QG qbJ J CG Y dP YSh .aGgCGh dSQ a e cCdGh
JGh dG YLGh jhh dG QhO Y GQe jRJ YdG JGSEG Nj CG
f kGc YJ CG jdG YGh G G Y k jCG h .JG FSH SGdG
.dG YCG Y eG
j dG CH Mj CG j dP Ea adG f Y Gh Yd jb JGSEG OLh gCG ZQh
eGh YLGh dG e kGc CG g GdGh .Y fGL c Me jH J CG
kGtJ XGh dG AYCG ubj CG k jZ dh .cCdH jdG f M dPh jq S J CG j sG
.jdG f b QG Y gf dG eG Y aGd NGO fCG AfEG j CGh jq dH

UdGh jdG - 6
CG dG J dh .FGdG KGJ H ,JUJh JLSG uj dG ,d FdG jdG S
k
jd hL
hCG jJ e J CG H Qj fEa FdG gjd Fe YVG J J
.Y e Iue Me

19

.(13)dG BG J Gs IY jQJ ,e MCG UNh ,dG H QUCG bh

j d (jq hCG MGh q ) bCG jJ QGUEG FG e c GPEG a dG J CG j dh
seo f OGYEG j H WCG jJ QGUEG dM h .(14)QGUEG Y bdG Ob IYGh Y WG
.SGh f Y jRd
k Hc hH a .FdG gjJ H J gd Ie FGH INCG dG H QUCG bh
k
eM Z e e dGS fhJh .(15)GdG uKJ aGZJa kGQU j kGL kGL e
zWCd Fe{ U d dd IG CG e e fhJh ja jT Y f QGUE dhO
Wh U gjQJ e Ic e dG e jdG fh .(16)U 50 FdG gjJ e
.jRdG SGh
efH hCG ;G GRhdG jJ hCG SDe hCG ffb MUEG dG UJ J bh
SG e J FQ dG hCG G GSG QGSG hCG ;jd jJ
.JLSG dEG J dG dG f e ed U GP iNCG eGH J b hCG ;a Y
.NCJ hHh dH UdG J dd IOs He HGJ k jCG dG J CG h

FdG jdG - AH
cfG c dG QtJ :bdG Ob - 1
dq OCG OLh e M jOdG G c d OQGG hCG bdG G d j CG kGL QOdG e
CG eh ,IM Y dM c H IOY dj jdG CG e ZdG Yh Gdh .OTh VGh
e j ,G ae G hJ dG dhdG YGdG L bGdG He jOdG G
J hH h G N jaCG L h kGs 12 j JGZ dG jJ c dP eCG e
.G
OLh e j hCG MGh J G d FdG jQdG fc Th LQCGh QhOdG
.jdG j G H e
,d) Yuyanapaq- Para recorder: relato visual de conicto armado interno en el Per, 1980-2000
.(2003 ,Gh G
Witness to{ GH YS I ja jT ,Qjf ge eM Z e gh ,gdG e QUCG
.www.witness.org bG aVEG ee aGJh .dGS jJ FdG LSG uj ,zTruth
htt://w.unicef.org/voy/media/ bG dGS WC Gh G jJ Y WG h
.TRCCF9SeptFINAL.pdf

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20

 dG dG jOdG G H EG dG e Cd Uhh eY M J iS G
Q jdG jd eCG N MCG e c dP Sh .dH Y kGjJ Jh tH a
IQhdH j d AfEG Ea Ggh .H UG dG M eCG Y JGOH dj
He H UJ CG dG QJ b bGdG h .dhdG Y jd edG G H dhdG GdG
.jOdG dG e j Vd

dG JG - 2
cG bh .Jd bdG G jH f dG J CG Fe LQH fe jh CG J
jObGh YLG dGdG YVe dNO ie Ou CG UN H dG e fCG dG H
gG Y PJ dG kGj cCG cfG Y eGdG g j VGh N OLh Qj fC kGf
a jdG Y ucJ dG dG JGSEG H JdG TCG e T Lj a ddh .hCG
M IOY jh .bGYh GMCG SCG Mf e jObGh YLG dG YGJ dG JGSGh
G e HCG EG dG SJ Y Y UM e dG HCG k e fG H NOEH JdG Gg
.GMCG d SSCG eGY j b e OSG Y f bdG h RdG

IG ASCG YEG - 3
jOs IL jg Ou dG eG e edG jW Y U SCG dG LGJ CG sLG e
,AGdG Y FdG jdG OGYEG h dG SG L S SCG g CJ bh . hCG
.Os Oa L Y IQG eG Qb Ou CG dG Y j eY
h .e ed edG SdG e Y J CG c Y sSh jdG e OY g Qjh
IYG egG Ea jOdG dhDG Y ee NOEG EG dG aj G H GdG CG M
HSG tH uJ d dG Qu CG j FG e dP Zh jQdG bOh
p ffdG UCG
.CdG GH VGh SS J dh bdG
.cfG GWQJ fCG aj OGaCG ASCG cP OdG hCG jdG Zj b edG G h
G e dh .V GAYOq G Y Oq dH SG cjo J GAGLEG uoJ CG d FY jh
.JG dEG uLj e EG ITe SCG LH G Id jo Cq G k eY
H J dG dGh GbCG NCG AKCG eG e kGc kGQb S dG CG k jCG sLG eh
e QuJ CG dG Y j fEa kGS L j b eG g CG eh .jOsG IG e c EG j

21

fOCG mc ,FSCG cP b ,G j CG jh .gjJ OGaCG ADg cJ CG Y c GPEG

ZHEG H dG EG e N T dP j CG h .GAYOq G Y Oq d Ua Y
k ag ,jaCG L gh ,G e bCG Y IMGh fc bh .gV eJH
dG CG ZQh .dG jJ hCG SG H gDhSCG cP UTCG ebCG Fb ihYd
.(17)ffdG UCG IYG VGh GJ G Vh a jdG fG
gYCGh dhDe gcCG ASCG a cJ CG hCG G ASCG cP d dG aJ Yhe SCG gh
n oJ jdG UTCG eCGh eS hCG OdG eCG Y dG SCG g J bh .IOdG S JQ
.cG dGdG He bG e j GPEG UNh gDhSCG
dG dOCd fdG jG e Jh bKe eG CG e cCdG EG dP EG aVEH dG Sh
e k eY H AadG j dG QG dh dG SG dG dq OCG je jJ bh .H Vh
S Yh .iNCG eY LSG EG Ud eRdG dOCG ie Y jj IG MCG SG YEG LCG
Qe Y YG dh SSCG JLS c
zMG RGJ{ dG H SG G
m
k j { Qe Y Ik OY j dP c EGh SG CG cP b YCG
QG gh ,zG d
oJ CG d a gjJ IO ASCG CG cJ eYh .(18)FG cG G QdG
.FL hCG fb L OLH k LSG uJ JLSG CG VH
jH ,e q J CG hO ,d G UNG J CG g fhG d aCG SQGh
.k Se GJ e Qd d eCG J CG Y IG jg

G QG NOEG - 4
e fEG M GRh CH dG HdG hCG IH j e G AYCG H e j GPEG
G e QhdG fL EG ,jQG hCG XG Qc H IG g eOEG G a L Qe
Y bCG QH dG j k eYh .GG dP dYCG hucj jdG jNBG AGG hCG eG Z
jdH sLG eh .LdG fj Y GRhdG g J bh ,ICGG e J dG GRhdG
.c
m Z G AGYG Y dG j CG

.Gh G V Du Preez h Van Rensburg b fG

.zudG LQ{ SH GdG H zMG RGJ{ Qe EG Qj

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22

dG YVG g Y eG J Y ICGG Jh d GAGLEG G J CG jh

Y AdG Yj b e gh ,GbCG NC Xe OLh J CG d h .k fMCG Ic HH J
a Ad SG L dG J CG k jCG h .G AGYG Y dG Y cCG MGH QdG
SG L JOH AOEH ICGd dG hCG ,bGGh dG AYCG e AdG iS gj
.jg Y dG hO eY

jdG
q -5
.jdG V jM jWh h jdG e jW dG J CG j dG SdG H e
dG g J bh H dG e egG Y AYOq G S HYCG GPEG jdG H QJ bh
ZdG H J bh .dG S EG UdG LCG e QMEG eCH S SG feEG
dh .(jdG V e j CG j LQN c CG CG Y dG e) jG e kGQb jdG
.jGdG e bH YVG g SQJ CG d aCG e S

FKdG Y WG - 6
J e jJ b dG YCG AfG H Y Jh dG e Y J dG G j dCe
MGh dG GP GQhCG e on f OLh dc hdG H FG e j bh .jdG jM
.dG QN H

dG YdG - 7
YJ Y j b G eCG iNCG Ie d M e jGhQ CG LdGh jdG H j H
iNCG Ie edG BG jd bJ b HdG CG iNCG Y a ,MhL dGh YO
jJ bCG Yh ,OdG ADd IQGh YdG ad Ie dG J CG jh .IOM IQH
AOEG Y YfG e Qb cCH hj jdh Y SG L esG IOd QdG dG
CfCG c YdG Gg ad YLG eG hCG dG dG FNCG Ic sYh .dGbCH
.eGSG cCG IYe aJ J b dG G G EG dMEG f
TCG GW Yuhe b EG SG H edG QKBG e dG Xeh AYCG j CG k jCG sLG eh
.eG e dG Uah YdG eN k jCG dG NGO aJ CG Gh .tbJ hO Ic
SG L AKCG UNh ,He J b dG FQdG dG IYG k jCG J CG d jh
k fZ d WdG d k fjJ YGG SG L iMEG a .dG
MCG UCG e

23

OdG L O V Sd JJ dG Vh dP Hh .IOdG AGOCG AKCG Jh b eRCH jdG

.SG Yb e dH FGO SEG IQS OLdh IOdH AOEH d dG b

OdG jM - 8
WQG C kGf L k jCG fCG dG EG ee ej
q jdG UTCG Vun jo b
.e hj e V GAGLEG PJG hCG dG e FdG OdG hJ e dhj b VG FGG
jh .SG H OdG EG GjJ LJ M edG G S dP j bh
OQGG d OdG ae e cCJ CGh OdG EG J J dG jG T dG J CG
QNG N e cG g tdG dG H dhM bh .IOdG AGOCG b gOhMh
.d OdG jJ MG a j edG SG M
G e c a .G e e QH j CG iNCG TCG ee uj k jCG h
q H Qj b
dhDeh f Y Jh IOs ee J j iG aQ e
H dG GHj CGh edG jdH Gdj CG sLjh .dG e hd k YW tdG VG cfG
dG Xe j dG eG j Qh H jdG e iG Gg Y aGh .kGKCG J
k
GjJ C cQe dG J CG j dh .JGP H jG TCG e T
q Y WG
.e fhJ f UTCG EG sLJ
Qh ,GjJ UTCG H j eY bCG Y fdG jG uad Ie dG J CG jh
sj CG EG G J e fh k bDe UTCG ADg ebEG J N e jG g J
hdG efdG Gg j bh .OdG j kGQtJ cCG efH J OQGG S GPEG h .bG
CG jh .QNCG cC VsG AGjE eBG H ebEG hCG ,jGh bGG QGSG dd WdG e
.dG YCG NG H OdG j dG g eGSG k jCG QYG NDj

d jOG dG OhOQ - 9
dG GP YdG d kGjJ n n oJ CG sLG e a IL IQH H G J eY
hCG SS hCG jY fc AGS YdG gh .G (Ic S GP fc dG hCG) IdG
.dG Y TG Z hCG TG dG N e dG VEG EG J b UN e Y
V jL GjJ T hCG YEG FSh d jT f T dG Gg j bh
OYG g c GPEGh .dH ITe GjJ G e OY J bh ;Xe hCG dG AYCG
UdG dG e dG a eM S Y hCG UTCG e dH J dG CH

24

IH dG Lg hH h .dhdG S e a Oh hJ Y bh eG e EG
LJ sLG eh .jdG dG H jJ cC e VJ jdG fL e adG
G e S SCG dh .d jdG LSG KCG VEG LCG e SdG RfH eJG
j Hh . dG AGQBG Mf e e jH fRGeh SGh jY G jY J CG
eGdH dG Y e e jH dG Ve UTCG e kGc k egG dG AYCG j CG
.dG feCGh

jdG - 10
jJh .H d ac GeCG L k jJ G L LGJ dG idG jdG MCG j
.(19)cCG hCG QhO e 12 EG dH J CG h jeCG QhO je 5 Y k G fGe
k FL j e gh jdG e Qb cCG VJ CH cCG QhdH WdG eG J CG G eCGh
dG H h .GG hCG JG ceCG T YdG dP j CG h .dG d YO cCJ
dG Y d hdG G Y j dG e dh WdG eG e edH jdG AL
.n G GgCG RGMEG LCG e GeCG jGdG e N Vh jh ,G YdG e
Ie YG G J H dG J b M YG hdH JG j CG G eCGh
J YJ CG IG Cd H Jh .dG OLh e kGL Ie Me YdG Gg d
fCG dG AYC j CG G eh ,TdG LMG H YG YEGh JG g
H h .JTh Nh e Vd ,G YG hCG YG H ITe JG
fH YG T ddh bG dG YCG Y e IQH j GeCG L c G
CG jh .f dG jjDeh dG Y IQOdG OYdGh GAYOGh MG GeCG FM H dG
k TG Jd J IG CG J
.dGh YG H a LM ebEG e H
V YG hdG QuJ CG Lj fEa fGe GgCG bGh J CG dG Y j M h
fL EG ,dG g SG J CGh ,GeCG L GAGd G
q HdGh dG YCG bdG
k G LMG
VGdG eh .jL
q jH dG H dG LCG e c YO Y d a
j dPh ,LJ hCG dG YCG KCd qbJ CH k He J kGHCG j jdG CG
.dG SG
Y e H bCG k eY uJ G CG MCG e c Mj
n fEa Ic G J CG e
je e GYh GY EG J CG J gh ,G cG hCG dhdG cG H J dG IVG
.jS GQhdG

25

(19)

dOG bdG - HGQ

IVG - dCG
G H dH ej jd Ie G dG eG J b YCG Md c
FfG H hCG ITe dYCG AfG H hCG Y Ve GJ dG fc AGS cG EG d
k
dG G Mh .FdG GAGLEd SG
G QYG j k eYh .GS IH
MG J bh .dP Y AH dGh k Me QG Gg AHEG G a kGQa be IVG a J
OGc eg iNCG JSh dG jJ j b dG g h ,bdG H Qhe H IVG
Ea se IL EG j dG jJ j GPEG Mh .OdG EG Oj jW ah VG N Y
dch SDG dhDGh cQG uVJ CG h cfG e cCG k WCG S dG ee
.GOdG Y bGdG eGhCG QGUEG dhDe
c aJ Y J EG dG AYCG Yj e g j a GJ dG YCG fc GPEG dh
Gg GMG a jdG Y JG L eG L GPEGh .edG Ysd ee e jd e
g J d fCGh AYOq G L e eG SJ S fCG IG Y GPEG dP EG aVEHh .JG
.dG eCG FGH GYG Y LQCG Y a fM hCG Y SGe
dG CG Jh dG e J ee dG id h CGH b AYOq G Y fc GPEGh
S e eG g dG SJ CG G e j a H eJG j dG g CG
.FG g b G h dG YG
q e H jGdG e JG f ebEG jh .AYOq G
PEG d AfEH Wh S b EG dhdG FG G S c H VGdG e dh
Ieh UTCG Sh IG FGG AGREG dG Y IQOb dhdG fc GPEG e G QJ CG j
H Fb GAGLEG PJ IgX sf OLH AGLEG Gd G J Oj CG sLG eh .dd

27

G FG g M j dh .Fb Z N e IVG H ZEG dh G

.bdG Qhe e dG SQG EG dhdG cG e edH

jdG - AH
jJ Y G eCH dG EG JCj LdGh jdG e kGc CG dG CG jdG e d
,kGL VGe Hh ,jdG Y d dG gh .JOH AOEd ITe HSc
ej hCG gAsMCG Gha jdG UTCG e j dG TG ObG KCGh dG AdG uVJ
eh jd SGh efH d FG G d G dh .IN HUEG HG jYH
jGhQ Yh IOdH AOEd j
q e Y KDjh Ff LYG EG ODS dH eb CG sLG
LG eCG g LY bDe jJ J b M G h .GMCG
.dEG
FdG gjQJ jb UJ ,jdG bGd a EG kGOSG ,G e QJh
a Nj Qh ,Y J CG hO de jJ Ik OY eGdG g Jh .jd eGH Vd
Sh kGse eGdG g J j CG h .(20)dP Z hCG jeQ hCG J jGe hCG HGJ k jCG
dG dG fc bh .OdG Gg N Vd GGh bdG dG J CG QhdG e
LQ e OGR dHh ,H UhCG dG jdG efH UJ CH kGj cCG kGNDe fCG
.J
dM M hCG G Y e IQH dH k se j b jdG efH CG M h
Y LdG HCGh dG EG efdG Gg OSG VGh jGe a d AfEG Y
kGf ,IOdH eG Z d efdG SJ QhdG e j b dh .dG g e YCG
gZh GQYG g J CG d jh .jdG L e Ks fCG tbn YJ G C
dch ,d G bGdG NDj CG k jCG j dHh .JUJ NJ CGh c Y GQYG e
.UdG g J Y QYG ,Jjeh jd sLG QOG

fd G cfG jd Gh fG G CH LdG OGh SSCG OG k jCG fG

fEG M QGb) kGNDe o YG dG ,hdG fEG fd IG cfGh hdG fEG M
.(aG ,35/2005

(20)

28

(21)

dG a - L

GRh GJQG jdG fG eG hCG FdG dG hCG WdG hCG jdG GdG OGaCG d eGH J
fC eGdG g H n fGh
p .MCG e c Ic HH M dP dh ,GdG e OY
e IQH dG AjEG jh .dG eJG e eCd ac GAGLEG hCG jM uaJ
Mf e k UN k j j FdG dG S a ;JS a j jdG UTCG Y
dG a eGH e C kGfh .FdG dG SG GMG UEG de fRGe
CGh Oa d dG dG a fL EG edG VGSG hCG d GAGLEG J
.dG a Y G e uG eG eOEG G e j a HS ihT
M dG eCG Qd jd NBG aM aJh dG UNG ZU Y dP NJ h
dG dG IOsG eG f Y k jCG dP KDj bh .iYdG ebEG a sLj dG G
.dG AKCG SG Oj np Je c CH

MUEG - GO
jQhV J b MUEG jCG jJ EG eCG jf J G UJ CG VGdG e
cfH VG hCG S dG SDG J EGh ,dG a eGH EG aVEH
ffb hCG jJ hCG Fb MUEG J b ,dG SGh IOY gh ,UdG gh .VG
CG H dh .gJ MG OGR UdG g bGhh kGj cCG dG fc ch .SS hCG
eG dhDG Qc Q hCG G G Y EG LS eCG Ea gjJ dG uJ
CG k jCG dhdG YdG G Jh .k eoo b YCG g aH LMG g e Wj jdG
Ud bO H dP S CGJh ,HG MUEG d dG k SM kGQhO ODJ
.dG jJ IOQGdG

.dG g dG a CH GdG H e hd fdG IOS IGOCG :fEG M Ve k jCG fG

29

(21)

HGh KCG eN
dGh HG - dCG
G eGdG e Y Y bJ QH Jj Y eCG jf FdG jdG KCG bj Q
H j dG dG QGeh jRJ f JGh d jYdGh jdG QGUEG hXh Ye a jdH
T CH J fc EG eh jdG e SdG dG eJ g eY gCG c Qh ,YEG FSh
.gJh JUJh JLSG H
dG C kGf ,HG Me d G G e cQe dG eCJ CG j iNCG Ieh
c bh .JUJ J hNBG j CG j ddh ,k SQ M j K FdG gjJ uJ
.dH ffb k eGdG eG a dG G M k j dG UJ J dG
HGdG d ac GeCG hCG ac SDe GQb g J a SdG IOGQEG aJ GPEG M dh
.dG H UJ dG
N e hCG Hd SQ N e dP c AGS ,HG dBG bH dG a dP eh
J dG UNG L dBG g AfEG dH h .dG sJ FGO eM g
dG Ea dP j GPEGh .juH LSG e edH jGdG e GdG uVj e gh ,dG
k
cCd dYCG NG b eG Y KCdG EG J CGh Hd Ak GLEG hCG g
J CG J f
.dd jdG YCH dG e

jdG jRJ - AH
Y KCdG EG ,gjJ MJ dG SDGh SdG UdG EG aVEH ,G J
a ddh .Y hCG GU e INCG GdG M eh WdG jQJ QG H j dG jdG
e FQ bCG QGUEG iL GdG H h .dG SGh f Y jdG LSG J CG G

31

FdG jdG fL EG k a jCGh bCG U QGUEG jh .ej eb U M Y jdG

.dG edG dG EG LJh

?d j GPe - L
IdG dG eh fdG BG dP ,G X S a k ee dG j
.G dEG IOdG M dG g jM jW dch ,jdG OGYEG o
J dG
n
Qh ,QG eCG MG SDG TCG e gZ hCG edG G TCG e T Lj CG Gh
fc Ak GS QG Y jdG eG M hCG Y j dP CG Z .jQdG IcGd e J
Vh dG JdG M ,iNCG UJh FM hCG G ASCG hCG OdG ASCG eG g
LCG SG dCe H dP b dG uJ CG jh .eG H j a dG
H QG Y GbCG YGPE gdG e PEG W EG GbCG NCG X ODj b dP CG PEG ;jdG
k dG YCG AfG
.e

zdG{ Y G - GO
Ic H dG KCG j bh .G d edG dG Y G MCG e c j
hCG QGe j hCG Sb j fCG LQd jW GS OGeG Y G e Ic Yb h
jh YH JUJ H J jh G aCG e kGQa dG jJ j G H h .J
dG jd hCq G SG j iNCG M h .SGdG jdG Veh k Y T hO dG KCG
e mOY H dh .kGL kGOh jdG jRJ jh ,bCG Y dG fL e dh ,k FGY hCG kGOQH
Z d a IOQGdG eG o
n Jh jdG QGUEG Oj b , eM X Qh ,GdG
j eYh .gVM Qh FdGh OMCG Ve d SM JLSG n Jh IVG e be
PJ k fjJ GJ dG G C kGf MG Y jCG j dG KCG Ea Y L Y
G eh .TCG IY GW edG bG j Y YJh dG SGh gG Y MCG e c
G Y EG G j CG j Hh .G d LCG jW Y e kGAL dG n n J CG
.VG FGG Y M Vd ShCG L e kGMGh k fL UH

32

:G IYe - SOS
dhdGh WdG YdG G
WdG eG Z G QhO - dCG
ibCG CG bGdGh .G YCG k FQ k fe WdG eG Z G YCG AL c
eG Z G J CG jh .(22)fh b e S J dG dG fc dG
G eh .dG GG hCG JG hCG eH gYJ eY M dG Y bdG e e
Y HSG EG dG aJ CGh J d uJ CGh dG fCG UH G g J CG
eG Z G Xe J j GdG e c h .Gh jdG LM FG dG
tJJ EG dP ODj k jCG MCG H h GG e Ie IYH dG hOuhj dHh G
H bdG NDJ CG j h .G G e e FQ e e Qc Xe hN H
Qhd GMG e SMEH oJ CG j dh ,H sn eo eCG fCG Y eG Z Gh G
k
.G Y QG dG e c jODj dG ,e
c EGh ,dG
dG YCG AfG H HG YCGh dG UNG dG Y G dG EG aVEHh
g Jh .G YCG iNCG gG e kGOY uJ CG eG Z d
:j e gG
CGh dG G cfG jQJ Y SSCG eG OGeh dG X jQdG aJ
.cfG g
IYeh ,GOdG e Ic kGOGYCG MCG e c J dGh ,dG EG UdG MJEG
.GbCG NCGh dG dYCG a ucJ CG j dG aGG WG e SQ Y dG
cG ,zTruth Commissions and NGOs: The Essential Relationship{ :fG dH VG Gg SGQd
.www.ictj.org bG uae gh ,2004 jHCG/f ,WGdG d fZ ceh dfG dGd hdG

33

(22)

J dG G SSCG JG L hCG jdG hCG G G AYR dG J

.K bY a ebCGh UN H G g a
GbCG NCG Xe e ja SQE eG Z G e G bJ G H
.dG HuQJ CG H dG Y Hf Gd
Y aG d S hCG jdG aGe eG Z G e dG H W
UTCG ADg e jW bY d c GPEG UNh eY SG L JfH J
.SG AKCG G dG YdG d Fe L fch
dhDG Y KCd kGe k fe eG Z G Y Hh AKCGh dG AfEG b
.dH j a GAGLEG hCG SdG e e ibCG d eG
LdGh jdG CG dG ZJ b dG YdG eN G G e uJ CG
dG eG hCG G YO dBG hCG YG hCG OGaCd dG IQG eN e ,dEG
.VG dG e fj dGj jdG UTCdh Hd SSCG

iNCG dhdG YdG Gh IG CG QhO - AH

J IG Cd H g fc GPEa .eg ge uJ CG k jCG dhdG YdG d
fEa dG s fEG IG CG Ve fc hCG/h dG fEG kGY
dG OGG EG UdG jW Yh jQdG jW Y se d JGN uJ CG J
hdG fdG Y SSCG eG fL EG ,G d dhdG SQG aCG Y J
M d k jCG h .dG YCH J b dG hdG fEG fdGh fEG
dG dhdG GG aJ uj CG fEG M V G G hCG IG Cd HdG fEG
d S UTCG e jQdG hCG GQSG aJ dP ,iNCG GH e Y G j
eG Z H GbH kGc dP jh .iNCG ceCG dG e ITe dG
.dhdG
CG ,fEG M Ve UNh IG CG a ,dhdG YdG d YCG cop P ch
jh .J hCG fCH QGb PJG hCG d AfEG d Y ,OJ CG j dh ,J
bdG cQG CGJ CG YdG G e gZ hCG ,fEG M Ve UNh ,IG Cd
fQe ee EG hCG dhO IYe EG LG J eYh MG Gg gG a j dG
jh fG eOEG f CGh dG AYCG QNG e ,YVG H OU h .Ie
.ffdG jG hCG SSCG OG IYGe Y QGUEGh hO GTEG Lj CG j ,dG

34

gZ hCG WdG eG Z G QhO j CG j JNh IG CG Xe SM dh

UNG ZH e H IG CG Xe j CG j h .G YdG G e
fCG e dP Zh J gh fGe ZU hCG QNG d UG UdG J hCG dG
tHh IOH J CG j dG gh .GN e ej CG Y
q dG H ,dG
jf f dG hCG eM Xe hCG eM Z e fc AGS G YdG G
SGh jQhJ Y AGLEG Y j
q CG ,jh H ,hdG LGdG j G H h .eCG
YH td hj eG dhDG c GPEG UNh ,FYCG QNG h dG J
JOb JYe UGe LQN e dhdG Xd j dG AfEG Hh .RdG e cCG
.Y
J CGh G iMEH UG GeCG J CG IG CG cg e Wo G H h
CG Ve hCG FEG IG CG efH hCG jQG e IG CG e N e) Jf Y
id dG IOjR e dG Y QGOEG AdG e dP j CG h .(dP Z hCG fEG IG
TCG e T CH dG IdG g MJ d c mM EG SGMG j dh YG G
uJ dG ,fGG GQGb ,LQN g CG ,dG J CG jh .dG eGH Y Pf hCG IS EG
EGh M GeCG L Y IOd aCG bG f dG Hh .fdG GQGdG Y dH
.k SQ GeCG g j dG g hO jT c
k eg kGQhO dG PdG GP LCG eGh ,fEG M Ve UNh ,IG CG ODJh
aJ hCG dG eCG G EG UdG H H AGS ,G jd eG eG UQ
e dG j CG dYCG jf e dG GbG eh .eCG H J d d RdG eCG
k
Cd k jCG h .H gJ Heh YCG hL Y JUJ AHEG k SM eY
dhdG G
dG X jM dc Y IYG kGQhO ODJ CG ,fEG M Ve UNh ,IG
k eY G J YCG Md ch .FdG dG (h) Fe dP c GPEG Y Gh
.k jCG LCG hdG e jdG Y
CG h .VG G e d k jCG IYe Qe dhdG eG Z G fc bh
:j e Jge J
J c ch dH iNCG M H eb dG jdG Y fQe ee J
jdGh SGh fdG YGbh GbCG NCG) Y e IOs e eJ ch
.(dEG dG Nh fGG Vhh IG ASCG YEGh ffdG UCG IYGeh ffdG

35

ceCG VG bdG J dG iNCG G EG Xeh G AYCG J

.QaCGh eG OJ Jh iNCG
Feh dG FG G ShQdG Y Qe AYE HdG dG e AGN QMEG
.edG SdG
SdH hCG dH J fc AGS dG FH j a ffdG IQGh fdG dG
.dG YCH dG Y edG
.dYCG S AKCGh dG YCG jGH Y ITe dG AYCh Xd jQdG J
Y Yd He fQe ee uJ CG dhdG eG Z d dG AfEG b
.WdG G e c Y dGh ejO jQhJ
hCG/h JGREG d dG Y AKCG eg jQJ k fMCG UdGh IUd dhdG G QJ

p
UCG IYGe OU UNh ,dhdG jG e VQJ b edG SdG fGL CG f
.M jQJ FG dGdG Y KDJ b dG GQGdG OU hCG ffdG

UG
q
IG CG h .bNh
IjL P J jh dfG MGG G QX jGj
f d kGuKe k be ,G dhDGh TdG e fhe ,dhdG YdG G e gZh
H k De kGL G J CG h .dG g da d He S dG IYG
Y J b FGdG CG M h .k sg Gj fG S MCG e c J PEG ,kGNh
k k jQhV kGeCG H GYGh VG a j bh H
S H tbJ g J CG j a ,a
.QNCG e dN hCG
Jh J SG GQGdH c Y gGh bH dG NJ H ,LG e dh
.fG Me AKCG J dG IdG GQtdG ibCGh RHCG e IMGh dG g J CG ,G

36