BI GING CNG NGH KHAI THC DU KH

PHNG PHP NT VA THY LC

Ging vin : Email Tel : :

PGS.TS. L Phc Ho lphao@hcmut.edu.vn 84-8-8654086

NI DUNG
Cc thng s va nh hng n qu trnh nt va thy lc M hnh ton hc tnh ton qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin khe nt Qu trnh nt va thy lc

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

539

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Cc thng s nt va thy lc
Gradient nt va: L p sut cn thit chiu su xc nh to cc khe nt trong t vng cn y ging. Cc khe nt vung gc vi phng c ng sut chnh nh nht. Gradient nt va t l vi gi tr ca ng sut nh nht ny.

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

540

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Gradient nt va
(v . P0) + . P0 + T0 1- Pfg = D Pfg = ( PISI + Ph) / D Pfg : Gradient nt va v : ng sut thng : H s Poisson : H s n hi

Ph : p sut thy tnh D : Chiu su khe nt

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

541

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Bn cht ca qu trnh NVTL

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

542

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

M hnh pht trin khe nt

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

543

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

p sut pht trin khe nt v m un n hi

p sut pht trin khe nt: L p sut cn thit m rng khe nt nh dung dch nt va ban u. M un n hi E: H s c trng cho tnh n hi v cng ca t khi chu ti.

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

544

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

M hnh PKN ( Perkin, Kern, Nordgren)

Tit din ngang ca khe nt trong mt phng thng ng vung gc vi trc dc ca khe nt ch yu gi c hnh dng elip c chiu cao khng thay i nhng cnh khe nt su trong va un trn li vo trong.

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

545

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

M hnh PKN
W(0,t) ~ P~ hf..p E (E3..qi.xf)1/4 hf W: b rng ca khe nt X: chiu di khe nt h: chiu cao

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

546

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

M hnh KGD
Tit din ngang c hnh dng elip, cn tit din thng ng c dng hnh ch nht.

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

547

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

M hnh KGD
W(0,t) ~ P~ xf.p E (E3..qi)1/4

hf1/4.xf1/2 : nht ca cht lng q: cng bm p

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

548

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

So snh 2 m hnh

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

549

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

QU TRNH NT VA
Cht lng nt va Vt liu chn Thit b tin hnh nt va thy lc Qu trnh chun b nt va thy lc Cng ngh tin hnh v cc bc kt thc qu trnh nt va thy lc
Cng ngh khai thc du kh 550 PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Cht lng nt va
c im: - Tng thch vi t v cht lng thnh h - C kh nng duy tr vt liu chn trng thi l lng vn chuyn su vo trong khe nt - C nht ti u - n nh cao h s mt dung dch thp - D pha ch v chi ph hp l
Cng ngh khai thc du kh 551 PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Cht lng nt va
Khng gy nhim bn thnh h, c hi i vi ngi v mi trng Tn hao do lc cn trong ct OKT nh cng sut bm cn thit nh nht Sau khi phn hy to thnh nhng cht lng ng t do khng lm bt nhng khe nt c chn p v ly ht ln sau qu trnh nt va. . Dung dch nt va c th c chia 3 loi: - Dung dch gc nc, gc du , nhiu pha.

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

552

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Cc cht ph gia
- Cht chng n mn: Catafin A, Marvelan-K(o) - Cht hot tnh b mt: Anion,Sunfanol - Cht bi trn: Poliacrilamit - Cht to gel v chng mt dung dch: N2, Polimer tng hp, ct mn - Cc cht chng to cn, chng to bt - Cc cht i dng:Axit benzoic, polimer, antracen - Cc cht lm chm phn ng: CH3COOH, HCOOH

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

553

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Vt liu chn
Mt s loi ht chn thng dng: - Ct thch anh (0,5-1,2 mm ,t trng 2650 kg/m3) - Bi thy tinh ( bng t trng ct) - Bt bauxit nung kt (t trng 1400 kg/m3) - Ht polimer tng hp (t trng 1100 kg/m3)

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

554

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Tnh cht ca vt liu chn

- thm: c th nghim m phng theo iu kin va n khi dng chy n nh cc mc chnh p khc nhau. - trn cnh v cu:c xc nh theo h s Krubein 0,1 1,0. - C ht : ng knh ln nht v nh nht c xc nh theo tiu chun API Ht chn cng ln cng c kh nng to dn thy tt cho khe nt c chn, nhng kh a vo khe nt. Ht nh to dn thy ban u nh nhng duy tr cao hn ht ln
Cng ngh khai thc du kh 555 PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Kch thc vt liu chn

ng knh ht , in Kch thc li 6/12 8/16 12/20 16/30 20/40 30/50 40/70 Ln nht 0.1320 0.0937 0.0661 0.0469 0.0331 0.0232 0.0165 Nh nht 0.0661 0.0469 0.0331 0.0331 0.0165 0.0117 0.0083

Kch thc ht thng s dng nh hn 20/40

Cng ngh khai thc du kh 556 PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Tnh cht ca vt liu chn

bn nn : Vt liu chn phi c bn nn cao khng b ph hy trong khe nt.

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

557

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

 bn nhit v ha hc
Khi c ln tp cht th bn ha hc b gim , c bit khi ln fenspat (2%) T trng: nh hng ln n qu trnh vn chuyn n vo trong khe nt. Ht c t trong ln i hi cht lng bm p c t trng ln hoc nht ln, hoc t trng nh th tc bm p cao gi ht trng thi l lng trong sut qu trnh bm.

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

558

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Cc thng s cn lu
S la chn, tnh ton cc thng s ht chn rt quan trng, ngi ta thng ch n cc thng s sau: - c tnh vt l ca cc ht chn - Mt ca cc ht chn trong khe nt - Chiu rng ca khe nt sau khi khe nt ng li - ng sut khp li ca khe nt - Thnh phn lng ng ca dung dch nt va
Cng ngh khai thc du kh 559 PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Vt liu chn

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

560

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Vt liu chn trong ging

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

561

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Thit b nt va
Thit b chnh trn b mt: My bm cht lng lm vic, my chn ct, thit b nng th, u ming ging, ng ng phn phi, cc bn cha Thit b chnh trong lng ging: OKT ,Paker , nt cu chuyn dng, neo gi cht paker, ng mm c ng knh nh th c vo OKT tun hon cht lng , bm ra ct. khi cn

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

562

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Qu trnh chun b nt va thy lc

La chn ging - Cng vic bao gm: + Thu thp, phn tch cc d liu vt l, c tnh va, thng tin xy dng, hon thin, sa cha, x l trc + Xc nh trng thi OKT, Cht lng vnh ximng + Xc nh su t Paker
Cng ngh khai thc du kh 563 PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

La chn ging NVTL

+ Thng thng NVTL t kt qu tt nhng ging khai thc c p sut cao, mc tiu nc thp va c cha du ln. + Khng nn tin hnh NVTL nhng ging c dng chy mnh ca nc ngm hoc kh lin quan n khe nt t nhng vng cha nc hoc kh t ging bm p, nhng ging c s c k thut: - Phn lc ca ging b ph v - Ct ng chng b mo hoc b ph v - Vnh trm ximng cha cao, cht lng km + NVTL nhng ging thn trn km hiu qu hn nhng ging c chng ng, trm ximng, bn m va
564

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Cc cng tc chun b
+ Ln k hoch, chun b mt bng, thit b nt va chnh, ph tr, thit b nng th, my bm p, bnh cha. + X l thit b lng ging , OKT, y ging + Chun b cht lng nt va, vt liu chn + Tin hnh bm th nghim xc nh tip nhn (p sut nt va, s thnh to khe nt) + p sut bt u nt va, khe nt m rng thm ti h s tip nhn tng nhanh

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

565

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

Cng ngh tin hnh

Cc bc c bn: - Th ct OKT + Paker chuyn dng xung su thit k, m Paker - Ni ng vi h thng my bm, bm th xc nh tip nhn v cc thng s khc - Bm p cht lng NVTL - Bm p cht lng mang vt liu chn - Bm p cht lng m y vt liu chn

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

566

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

M hnh NVTL

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

567

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

NVTL khng c ht chn

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

568

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho

NVTL c ht chn

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

569

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Gi dng v a ging vo lm vic

y l cng on cui cng a ging vo s dng. Phi bm ra sch vt liu chn cn li y ging ln b mt , tin hnh gi dng hoc bm p.

Cng ngh khai thc du kh

570

PGS. TS. L Phc Ho