Assignment-5
Q. Explain LAN installations and configurations step by step
Setting up and configuring a Local Area Network (LAN) involves several steps, including physical
installation, device configuration, and testing. Here's a step-by-step guide:
1. Plan Your LAN
Assess Requirements: Determine the number of devices (computers, printers, etc.), network
speed, and range.
Choose Hardware: Select network components such as routers, switches, cables, and network
adapters.
IP Address Scheme: Decide on a subnet and IP address range for your devices (e.g.,
192.168.1.0/24).
2. Gather Necessary Equipment
Router/Modem: For internet access and DHCP services.
Switch: To connect multiple devices within the LAN.
Ethernet Cables: Use Cat 5e or Cat 6 cables for better performance.
Access Points (if Wi-Fi is needed).
Computers and Network Devices: Ensure all have network interfaces.
3. Set Up Physical Connections
1. Position Devices: Place the router and switch in a central location for optimal connectivity.
2. Connect Router to Switch:
o Use an Ethernet cable to connect the router's LAN port to the switch's uplink port.
3. Connect Devices:
o Plug each device into the switch using Ethernet cables or connect wirelessly if using a
Wi-Fi access point.
4. Power On:
o Power up the router, switch, and devices.
4. Configure the Router
1. Access Router Settings:
o Connect to the router using a web browser (default IP is often 192.168.1.1 or
192.168.0.1).
o Login using default credentials (change them after logging in for security).
2. Set Up DHCP:
o Enable DHCP to automatically assign IP addresses to devices.
3. Set Up SSID (Wi-Fi):
o Configure the Wi-Fi name (SSID) and password (use WPA3 or WPA2 for security).
4. Configure Internet Connection:
o If connecting to the internet, set up the WAN interface (PPPoE, DHCP, or static IP).
5. Configure Network Devices
IP Settings:
o Ensure all devices are set to obtain an IP address automatically (via DHCP), or assign
static IPs if needed.
Test Connectivity:
o Ping the router and other devices to verify communication.
File Sharing and Printer Setup (optional):
o Configure shared folders or printers as needed.
6. Security Configuration
Change Default Router Password: Use a strong password for the admin interface.
Enable Firewall: Protect your network from unauthorized access.
Update Firmware: Ensure the router's firmware is up to date.
MAC Filtering (optional): Allow only specific devices to connect.
Guest Network: If needed, set up a separate SSID for guests.
7. Test and Troubleshoot
Test Internet Access: Verify connectivity from each device.
Test LAN Connections: Ensure devices can communicate within the LAN.
Troubleshoot:
o Check cable connections.
o Ensure correct IP settings.
o Verify router configurations.
8. Documentation
Record the IP address scheme, router login details, and any specific configurations for future
reference.
