IOT BASED HOME AUTOMATION
PROJECT SYNOPSIS
OF MINOR PROJECT
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
CSE DEPARATMENT
SUBMITTED BY
MADHAV PUROHIT (2104138)
KARTHIK K (2104134)
INPREET KOUR (2104119)
JANUARY 2024
GURU NANAK DEV ENGINEERING COLLEGE,
LUDHIANA
Table of Contents
Contents Page No.
Introduction 1
Rationale 2
Objective 3
Literature Review 4-5
Feasibility Study 6
Methodology 7
Facilities required for work 8
Expected Outcomes 9
References 10
1.Introduction
The concept of “Home Automation” has been in existence for several years. “Smart Home”,
“Intelligent Home” are terms that followed and have been used to introduce the concept of
networking appliances within the house. Home Automation Systems (HASs) includes centralized
control and distance status monitoring of lighting, security system, and other appliances and
systems within a house. HASs enables energy efficiency, improves the security systems, and
certainly the comfort and ease of users. In the present emerging market, HASs is gaining
popularity and has attracted the interests of many users. HASs comes with its own challenges.
The Internet arrived at homes at the end of the 90s, taking the first step to bring home automation
closer to reality. Some years later, smartphones appeared in 2007, which combined with the
Internet of Things (IoT) make it possible to control functions of other devices from a cell phone.
Currently, people use apps or virtual assistants based on artificial intelligence (AI) systems such
as Siri, Google, and Alexa.
Home Automation refers to the integration of smart devices and systems within a household,
enabling users to control, monitor, and automate various functions through the Internet. When
combined with IoT, these systems become even more powerful, as they leverage the connectivity
of devices to create a cohesive and intelligent network
here are several automation systems and architectures to automate a home or building. According
to the characteristics of the system, these can be:
• Wireless home automation systems: They work with radio frequency waves and are easy
to install given that they don't require any work to install wiring.
• Wired home automation system: The signal is transmitted through dedicated cables,
which guarantees that it's secure, efficient, and stable. The installation of cables may
require some work.
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2. Rationale
There are several reasons why a Home Automation system is needed:
2.1 Convenience:
Control and monitor home devices remotely, offering unparalleled convenience and
flexibility in managing daily tasks.
2.2 Energy Efficiency:
Intelligent energy management leads to optimized usage, reducing energy consumption
and utility costs.
2.3 Security:
Enhanced security through real-time monitoring, alerts, and the ability to remotely control
access to the home.
2.4 Customization:
Tailor automation settings to personal preferences, creating a personalized and
comfortable living environment.
2.5 Integration with Everyday Devices:
Integration with popular voice assistants and smartphones allows for seamless interaction
with the home automation system.
2.6 Ease of Use:
Many home automation systems are designed with user-friendly interfaces and voice-
activated controls, making them accessible to individuals with varying levels of technical
expertise.
2.7 Notification and Alerts:
Automated systems can provide timely notifications and alerts for events such as security
or appliance malfunctions, allowing users to address issues promptly.
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3. Objectives:
3.1 To develop a mobile application to control and automate home functions.
3.2 To develop IOT enabled hardware using Arduino.
3.3 To integrate the IOT enabled hardware system with the developed mobile application.
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4. Literature Review
4.1 “IOT Based Smart Security and Home Automation”, by Shardha Somani, Parikshit
Salunke, Shaunak Oke, Parth Medhi, Prof. P. P. Laturkar.
This paper focuses on a system that provides features of Home Automation relying on IOT to
operate easily, in addition to that it includes a camera module and provides home security. The
android application basically converts Smartphone into a remote for all home appliances. Security
is achieved with motion sensors if movement is sensed at the entrance of the house; a notification
is sent that contains a photo of the house entrance in real time. This notification will be received
by the owner of the house via the internet such that app can trigger a notification. So, the owner
can raise an alarm in case of any intrusion, or he/she can toggle the appliances like opening the
door if the person is a guest. The system uses Raspberry Pi, a small sized computer which acts as
server for the system.
4.2 Home automation system for Android:
In this research, the system works in smart devices using android applications and gives the user
some services to make this technology easy for controlling the house. These services are connected
and used by connecting smart devices via Bluetooth technology, but it can handle only 24 devices
at most at the same time with more than 100m range of Bluetooth signals. but the problem in this
research is that the signal has a limited range to be controlled and it will not work with a big
distance, also, it’s not supported by Wi-Fi.
4.3 “A Dynamic Distributed Energy Management Algorithm of Home Sensor Network for
Home Automation System”, by Tui-Yi Yang, Chu-Sing Yang, Tien-Wen Sung.
This paper proposes an optimization of home power consumption based on PLC (Power Line
Communication) for an easy to access home energy consumption. This also proposes a Zigbee
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and PLC based renewable energy gateway to monitor the energy generation of renewable energies.
ACS and DDEM algorithm are proposed for the design of an intelligent distribution of power
management system to make sure ongoing power supply of home networks. To provide efficient
power management the power supply models of home sensor network are classified viz. main
supply only, main supply and backup battery, rechargeable battery power and non-rechargeable
battery power. Devices with features are assigned to these groups. It aims to establish a real time
processing scheme to address variable sensor network topologies.
4.4 Home automation based on Voice recognition:
Voice recognition was also implemented by a researcher. Android OS has a built-in voice
recognizing feature ability to control the home appliances from user voice commands. The
application converts the voice into a text after that it sends that message to Bluetooth module that
is connected to the Arduino. The great thing about this voice application transmit is that the user
only needs to pronounce the application name throw the microphone and say the commands that
he wanted to do such as turn the light ON or OFF. By using this kind of home control, the user
doesn’t have to do anything except saying the words that the application will recognize to achieve
these commands
The Collective Finding of these research papers address a wide array of technical, usability,
security, and societal challenges. As smart home technologies continue to evolve, ongoing research
aims to address current limitations and shape the future of intelligent and connected living spaces.
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5. Feasibility Study:
A feasibility study for the implementation of a home automation system using the Internet of
Things (IoT) aims to assess the practicality and viability of introducing automated functionalities
to enhance the efficiency, security, and overall living experience within a residential setting. The
primary objective of this proposed system is to leverage IoT technologies to automate various
aspects of the home, including lighting, heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), security,
and entertainment systems
From a technical standpoint, the study outlines the necessary hardware components, such as a
central hub and various sensors and actuators. The software aspect involves the selection of an
appropriate IoT platform, such as Home Assistant, to facilitate seamless communication between
devices. Economic feasibility is evaluated by estimating the initial investment costs, encompassing
hardware, software licensing, and installation, and calculating potential return on investment (ROI)
based on anticipated energy savings and increased property value.
User acceptance is gauged through surveys or interviews, capturing user attitudes, concerns, and
preferences that may impact the successful adoption of the automation system. Risk analysis
identifies potential challenges, providing mitigation strategies, while alternative solutions are
explored to ensure the chosen technology aligns with the project's goals. The study also includes
a detailed timeline and implementation plan, as well as a cost-benefit analysis comparing the total
costs against the expected benefits over the project's life cycle. The conclusion and
recommendations summarize the findings, providing stakeholders with informed insights to
determine the viability of proceeding with the implementation of the home automation system
using IoT.
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6. Methodology:
The methodology for implementing a home automation system using the Internet of Things (IoT)
involves a systematic and phased approach to ensure a successful integration of smart technologies
within a residential environment. The process begins with a comprehensive needs analysis,
wherein the specific requirements and objectives of the homeowners are identified. Following this,
a thorough research phase is conducted to explore available IoT technologies, communication
protocols, and compatible devices. The subsequent step involves the creation of a detailed system
architecture, outlining the roles and interactions of components such as the central hub, sensors,
and actuators.
Security planning is integral, entailing the development of a robust security framework that
includes encryption, secure authentication, and secure communication protocols to protect against
potential threats. The networking setup ensures the establishment of a reliable communication
infrastructure, while device integration involves the seamless incorporation of smart devices into
the system.
Testing and debugging are critical stages to ensure the smooth functioning of the automation
scenarios, and user training sessions are conducted to familiarize homeowners with system
interfaces and controls. Comprehensive documentation is created to serve as a reference for users
and maintainers, covering system architecture, and the deployment phase involves the installation
of the home automation system in the target environment, with maintenance, and user support to
ensure the system's optimal performance. Continuous evaluation, user feedback, and system
optimization contribute to the iterative nature of the methodology, allowing for the refinement and
enhancement of the home automation system over time.
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7. Facilities required for project
7.1 Hardware Requirements: In a Home Automation System, we need a combination of
hardware equipment like ESP8266 Node MCU, Relay Module, Breadboard, Wires,
Switches, 5V Power Supply.
7.2 Software Requirements:
Automation Software:
o Software that enables programming and automation of devices based on triggers
and conditions.
Software used: - Arduino IDE
Mobile App:
o A mobile app allows users to control and monitor the home automation system from
their smartphones.
Languages used in app: - Flutter, Dart(flutter)
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8. Expected Outcomes:
8.1 Convenience and Comfort:
o Automated control of lighting, temperature, and entertainment systems provides a
more comfortable and convenient living environment.
o Customizable settings allow homeowners to tailor their living spaces to match their
preferences.
8.2 Energy Efficiency:
o Smart thermostats, lighting control, and energy management systems contribute to
energy efficiency by optimizing usage based on occupancy and preferences.
o Monitoring and controlling energy-consuming devices leads to potential cost
savings.
8.3 Enhanced Security:
o Integration of smart security devices such as cameras, door/window sensors, and
smart locks provides enhanced home security.
8.4 Remote Access and Monitoring:
o Homeowners can remotely access and monitor their home automation system from
anywhere with an internet connection.
8.5 Time Savings:
o Automation of routine tasks, such as turning off lights or adjusting thermostats,
saves time and effort for homeowners.
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9. References
9.1 Wikipedia (2009). Home Automation. From Home automation - Wikipedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_automation
9.2 Theory of IoT from:
https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/Internet-of-Things-IoT
9.3 About NodeMCU from:
https://lastminuteengineers.com/esp8266-nodemcu-arduino-tutorial/
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