FOR HSE OFFICER

1). WHAT IS FULL MEANING OF “HSE”, “EHS” OR “SHE”.

ANS: “ HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT” ANOTHER TWO WORD ALSO SAME MEANING THERE ONLY CHANGE THE
WORD POSITION.

2). DEFINITION OF SAFETY?

ANS: SAFETY IS A COMMON SENSE

1. LOOK
2. THINK
3. DONE AND
4. ACT.

SAFETY YOURSELF AND OTHERS.

3). WHAT IS SAFETY OBJECTIVE:

• PROMOTE THE HEALTH, SAFETY AND WELFARE OF PEOPLE AT WORK
• PROTECT PEOPLE AGAINST RISKS AT WORK.
• PROMOTE A SAFE AND HEALTHY WORK ENVIRONMENT
• IDENTIFY , ASSESS, ELIMINATE AND CONTROL HAZARDS

4). SAFETY FUNDAMENTAL:

ANS: INDUSTRIAL WORK IS FULL OF HAZARDS. IT IS NECESSARY TO TAKE PRECAUTION WITH A VIEW TO ENSURE
SAFETY OF THE PLANTS, MACHINERY AND THE HUMAN BEINGS.

5). WHAT IS EXCAVATION?

ANS: EXCAVATION IS A DIGGING WHICH PERFORMED BY EARTH REMOVEL. IT CAN BE MAN MADE OR MACHINE
MADE.

6). WHAT IS THE DIFFERENT BETWEEN EXCAVATION AND TRENCH .

ANS: EXCAVATION IS A DIGGING ON EARTH SURFACE.

TRENCH IS A NARROW UNDERGROUND EXCAVATION IT IS DEEPER THAN WIDE BUT NOT WIDER THAN 15 FEET.

7).WHAT IS FIRE?
ANS: FIRE IS A CHEMICAL CHAIN REACTION.IT’S CONSITS

• HEAT
• FUEL
• OXYGEN.

8). WHAT IS CONFINED SPACE?

ANS: A SPACE WHICH HAVE A LIMITED ENTRANCE OR EGGRESS BUT IT’S ENOUGH TO BODILY ENTRANCE AND
PERFORMED WORKED THIS IS CALLED CONFINED SPACE.

9). TYPES OF CONFINED SPACE.

• TANKS
• MANHOLES
• BOILERS
• SEWERS
• COLUMNS
• PIPES
• REACTORS
• DUCTS
• PITS
• EXCHENGER
• PRESSURE VESSEL

8). WHAT IS ACCIDENT?

ANS: AN UNPLANNED, UNDESIREBLE, UNINTENTABLE SEQUENCE OF EVENT WHICH RESULT SOME KINDS OF
PERSONNEL INJURY,PROPERTY DAMAGE OR PERSONS DEATH.

9). WHAT IS INCIDENT?

ANS: AN UNPLANNED, UNDESIREBLE ,UNINTENTABLE SEQUENCE OF EVENT WHICH RESULT SOME KINDS OF
PROPERTY DAMAGE OR PERSONNEL INJURY.

10).; WHAT IS NEAR MISS?

ANS: AN UNPLANNED AND UNACCEPTABLE SEQUENCE OF EVENT WHICH COULD HAVE BUT NO RESULT.

11). WHAT IS MSDS?

ANS: MSDS MEANS “ MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET”.IT’S A DOCUMENT WHICH PROVIDES DETAILED INFORMATION
ABOUT A PARTICULAR PRODUCT. IT PROVIDES DETAILED INFORMATION IN RESPECT OF HAZARDS, INGREDIENTS
PHYSICAL/CHEMICAL DATA, FIRE/EXPLOSION DATA,REACTIVITY, CURRENT EXPOSURE LIMIT, HEALTH
HAZARDS,PRICAUTIONS, SUITABLE PPE’S AND WASTE DISPOSAL METHODS.

12). WHO IS A COMPETENT PERSON?

ANS: COMPETENT PERSON IS A PERSON WHO HAS THE QUALIFICATION, SKILLS AND EXPERIENCE TO PERFORME THE
JOB.

13). WHAT IS SWL?

ANS: SWL ( SAFE WORKING LOAD) THE MAXIMUM LOAD THAT CAN BE APPLIED TO THE LIFTING TOOLS SAFETY.

14). WHAT IS LIFTING PLAN?

ANS:THE PLAN WHICH DESCRIBING THE METHOD FOR A SAFE LIFTING.IT ALSO HIGHLIGHT THE DETAILS OF THE CRANE
TO BE USED, LIFTING TRACKLESS TO BE USED, LOAD TO BE LIFTED, CRANE TO BE SET FOR LIFTING AND LIFTING
STEPS.ETC.
15). WHAT IS SLOPPING?
ANS: A METHOD OF EXCAVATION WHICH THE SIDES OF THE TRENCH ARE LAID BACK TO SAFE ANGLE TO PREVENT
CAVE-INS.

16). WHAT IS BENCHING?

ANS: A METHOD OF PROTECTING EMPLOYEES FROM CAVE-INS BY EXCAVATING SIDE TO FORM ONE OR SERIES OF
HORIZONTAL STEPS.( FOR CLASS A AND B SOIL).

17). WHAT IS SHORING?

ANS: A STRUCTURE SUCH AS METAL, HYDRAULIC, MECHANICAL OR TIMBER SYSTEM THAT SUPPORTS THE SIDE OF AN
EXCAVATION.

18).WHAT IS COLOR CODING AND WHY IT REQUIRED ?

ANS: IT IS A WAY OF IDENTIFYING THE PERIOKICAL INSPECTION OF ALL TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT BY AN COMJPETENT
PERSON AND COLOR CODED ACCORDINGLY TO IDENTIFY THAT THE PARTICULAR TOOL AND EQUIPMENT ARE
INSPECTED AND READY TO USE AND FREE FROM ALL DEFECTS AND DAMAGES.

19). WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO ADJACENT ACCESS IN A

LONG EXCAVATION?
ANS: ACCESS LADDERS OR OTHER TYPE OF ACCESS SHALL BE PROVIDED 07.5M ( 25 FEET).

20). WHEN CAN BE A EXCAVATION COMSIDERED AS A CONFINED SPACE?

ANS: IF DEPTH OF AN EXCAVATION IS MORE THAN 1.2 M (4 FEET).

21).WHAT IS JSA?
ANS: IT IS A PROCEDURE TO MAKE A JOB SAFE BY IEDNTIFYING THE HAZARD AND POTENTIAL ACCIDENTS ASSOCIATED
WITH EACH STEP OF JOB.THE DEVELOPING AND VERIFYING THE RESPONSIBILITY FOR CONTROLLING THE HAZARDS,
THEREBY ACHIEVING A SAFE WORK ENVIRONMINT FOR EACH STEP OF JOB.

22). DEFINE EMERGENCY?

ANS: AN ACCIDENT THAT HAS A POTENTIAL TO CAUSE SERIOUS INJURY AND LOSS OF LIFE.

23). WHAT IS FIRST AID?

ANS: AN IMMEDIATE AND TEMPORARY CARE GIVEN TO A VICTIM OF AN ACCIDENT BY A FIRST AIDER UNTIL EFFECTIVE
MEDICAL CARE ARRIVED.

24). WHAT IS RADIATION?

ANS: THE EMISSION OF ATOMIC PARTICLES OR ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION FROM THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM
OCCURRING BY NATURAL DECAY OF RADIOISOTOPE (NUCLIDES) AND OR X-RAY AS PRODUCED BY ELECTRICAL
MEANS FROM PORTABLE OR STATIC EQUIPMENT. 0.75 MILIREM TO DETERMINE THE AREA WILL AFFECTED BY THE
RADIATION.BY CALCULATING THAT RADIUS WILL BE AFFECTED BY RADITATION THEN THEY WILL BARRICADED THE
AREA.PERSSONEL CAN WORK OUTSIDE THE BARRICADED AREA.
25). WHAT IS EXPLOSION?
ANS: SUDDEN RELEASING OF ENERGY FROM A ENCLOSED AREA.

26). WHAT IS H2S?

ANS: IT IS A HIGHLY TOXIC AND COLORLESS GAS, SMELLS ROTTEN EGGS AT LOW CONCENTRATION HEAVER THAN AIR
AND FORMS AND EXPLOSIVE MIXTURE WITH AIR.

27). WHAT IS VAPOUR?

ANS: VAPORS IS A GASEOUS FORM OF A LIQUID BELOW ITS BOILING POINT.

28). WHAT IS HYDRO TEST?

ANS: IT IS TO ESTABLISH STRENGTH TIGHTNESS AND SUITABILITY OF PIPES, VESSELS, TANKS ETC.THE COMPLETED
VESSEL, PIPELINE OR TANK FILLED WITH WATER SHALL BE SUBJECTED TO A TEST PRESSURE. THIS IS EQUAL TO 1.5
TIMES OF THE MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WORKING PRESSURE/DESIGN PRESSURE.

29).WHAT IS PNEUMATIC TEST?

ANS: IT IS AN IMPOSED PRESSURE TEST TO DETERMINE THE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF A COMPLETE OR PARTIAL
PIPE SYSTEM OR COMPONENT USING A TEST MEDIUM OF NON FLAMMABLE GAS COMPATIBLE WITH THE INTENDED
SERVICE OF THE SYSTEM OR COMPONENT.

30). WHAT IS DEAD MAN SWITCH?

ANS: IT IS A SPRING LOADED SWITCH WHICH WILL ACTUATE ONLY WHEN PRESSED.

31). WHAT IS STATIC ELECTRICITY?

ANS:IT IS COMMON SOURCE OF IGNITION IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY. IT IS GENERATED DUE TO RUBBING OF
DEFERENT SURFACES/MATERIALS. IT CAN CAUSE FIRE IN HAZARDS AREA.

32). WHAT IS GFCI?

ANS: GROUND FAULT CIRCUIT INTERRUPTER- IT’S AN ELECTRIC PROTECTIVE DEVICE WHICH SENSE A IMBALANCE IN
THE CIRCUIT CAUSED BY CURRENT LEAKAGE TO GROUND IN FRACTION OF SECOND.

33). WHAT IS HOT SURFACE?

ANS: THE SURFACE OR EQUIPMENT THAT IS HOTTER THAN 70 DEGREES C OR 160 DEGREE F.

34).WHAT IS LMI?
ANS: LOAD MOVEMENT INDICATOR.

35). WHAT IS RADIOUS?

ANS: DISTANCE BETWEEN CRANE AND OBJECT IS CALLED RADIOUS.

36). WHY TIES REQUIRED IN A SCAFFOLD?

ANS: TO PREVENT THE SCAFFOLD TO MOVE TOWARDS OR AWAY FROM THE STRUCTURE.

37). WHAT IS SCAFFOLD?

ANS: IT IS A TEMPORARY ELEVATED SAFE WORK PLATFORM USE TO WORK AT HEIGHT.

38).WHAT IS PTW OR PERMIT TO WORK?

ANS: IT’S A LEGAL DOCUMENT BETWEEN SUBCONTRACTOR AND CLIENT.WHICH DESIGNET FOR CRICITAL
CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY.

39).WHAT IS THE CAPACITY FOR A ENCORAGE?

ANS: 2300 KILOGRAMS OR 5000 POUNDS.

40). WHAT IS THE TOP EDGE HEIGHT OF TOP RAIL.

ANS: NOT LESS THAN 0.95 METER (38 INCHES) AND NOT MORE THAN 1.15 METER ( 45 INCHES).

41).GUARDRAIL SYSTEM SHALL BE ABLE TO WITHSTAND?

ANS: AT LEAST 90 KILOGRAMS(200 POUNDS).

42). A PEERSONAL FALL ARREST SYSTEM SHALL BE?

ANS: A PERSONAL ARREST SYSTEM INCLUDES A FULL BODY HARNESS, LANYARD, SUBSTANTIAL ANCHORAGE IE
POSSIBLY A LIFE LINE.

43).WHAT IS FULL FORM OF “COSHH”?

ANS: “CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH”.

44). WHAT IS THE FULL FORM OF “ELCB”?

ANS: “ EARTH LECKAGE CERCUIT BREAKER”.

45) WHAT IS THE DIFFERENT BETWEEN “GFCI” AND “ELCB”?

ANS: “GFCI” IT’S USING FOR 110 VOLT AND “ELCB” IT’S USING FOR 220 VOLT>

46). WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM VOLT REQUIRED FOR LIGHTING IN CONFINED SPACE?
ANS: 24 VOLT.

47) WHAT IS THE FULL FORM OF “STARRT”?

ANS: “STARRT” MEANS “SAFETY TASK ANALYSIS RISK REDUCTION TALK”.

48). WHAT IS THE FULL FORM OF “PPM”?

ANS: “PART’S PER MILLION”.

49). WHAT IS THE FULL FORM OF “TLV”?

ANS: “ THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE”.

50). WHAT IS FULL FORM OF “PPE”?

ANS:” PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT”

51). WHAT IS THE CAPACITY OF LIFE LINE?

ANS: 2300 KILOGRAMS ( 5000 POUNDS).

52). HOW MANY COLOUR CONTENT IN “NFPA” DIAMOND AND WHICH COLOR
INDICATING WHAT AND WHICH NUMBER INDICATING WHAT?
ANS: THERE ARE FOUR COLOR “RED FOR FIRE”,”BLUE FOR HEALTH”,”YELLOW FOR REACTIBITY” AND “WHITE FOR
SPECIAL HAZARD”.IF “ 0 MEANS MINIMAL, 1MEANS SLIGHT, 2 MEANS MODERATE, 3 MEANS SERIOUS, 4 MEANS
DEADLY”.

53). THE TOE BOARD SHALL BE SOLID AND CAPABLE OF WITHSTANDING, WITHOUT
FAILURE?
ANS: A FORCE OF AT LEAST 23 KILOGRAMS (50 POUNDS).

54).ALL CHORDS, LEADS, HOSES, ETC SHALL, IF POSSIBLE BE SUPPORTED AT LEAST?

ANS: SHALL BE SUPPORTED AT LIAST 2.4 METERS( 8 FEETS) ABOVE WALKWAYS AND PLATFORMS BY NON-
CONDUCTIVE MATERIALS.

55). WHAT IS THE MEXIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED FOR WORKING AT HEIGHT
OR OTHER TEMPORARY ELEVATED WORK.
ANS: SUSTAINED WINDS MORE THAN 65 KPH ( 40 MPH) – UNLESS THE SCAFFOLD OR WORKING LEVEL IS INDOORS OR
OTHERWISE UNAFFECTED BY THE WEATHER CONDITIONS.

56). FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS HAVE A FLASH POINT BELOW…………………?

ANS: ( 54 DEGREES C ( 128 DEGRESS F)

57) COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID HAVE FLASH POINT AT OR ABOVE…………………….?

ANS: 54 DEGRESS C ( 128 DEGRESS F).

58).WHAT IS THE MEXIMUM DISTENCE TO KEEP MATERIAL ON EXCAVATION EDGE?

ANS: 2 METER AWAY FROM EXCAVATION EDGE?

59).HOW MANY TYPES OF SOIL?

• CLASS “A” ( CLAY, ROCKS, AND COHESIVE AT AN ANGLE OF 53 DEGREE).

• CLASS “B” ( MIX OF SAND, ROCKS AND CLAY SLOPE AT AN ANGLE OF 45 DEGRESS)>

• CLASS “C” ( SANDY AND LOOSE SLOPE 34 DEGREE ANGLED).

 • STABLE ROCK SLOPE WILL BE 90 DEGREE ANGLE.

60). WHAT MAXIMUM LOAD FOR A LIGHT DUTY SCAFFOLD?

ANS: ( ONE MAN AND 20KG MAX. PER SQ. METER.MAX. TOTAL LOAD 120 KG PER SQ. METER)

61). WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM LOAD FOR A MEDIUM DUTY SCAFFLOD?

ANS: ( TWO MAN AND 40 KG PER SQ. METER. MAX. TOTAL LOAD 240 KG PER SQ. METER)

62). WHAT IS OXYGEN LEVEL REQUIRED FOR A CONFINED SPACE?

ANS: (19.5-23.5).

63). WHAT IS THE TOXIC GASES IN CONFINED SPACES?

ANS: H2S ( HYDROGEN SULFIDE) CO ( CARBON MONO OXIDE).

64). WHAT IS THE LEVEL FOR THE TOXIC GASES IN CONFINED SPACES?
ANS: TOXIC GASES SHOULD BE ZERO.

65). WHAT IS “SCBA”?

ANS: “ SELF CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS”.

66). TOXIC GASES.

1. BENZENE (C6H6) (PETRO) <0.5 PPM

2. ETHYLENE OXIDE (C2H4O) (PETRO) <1 PPM

3. SULPHER DIOXIDE (SO2) (REF) <2 PPM

4. HYDROGEN SULPHYDE (H2S) (REF) <10 PPM

5. AMMONIA (NH3) (FERT) <25 PPM

6. CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) (REF) <35&25 PPM

7. CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) <5000 PPM

8. ETHYLENE CHLORIDE (C2H4CL) <100 PPM

9. ETHYLENE GLYCOL <50 PPM

10. ETHYLENE DICLORIDE (C2H4CL2) <10 PPM

11. ACETONE <750 PPM

67). HOW MANY TYPES OF HAZARDS.

I. CHEMICAL ( TOXIC).

II. CHEMICAL ( FLAMMABLE)

 III. EXCAVATION ( FALL & COLLAPSE)

IV. NOISE ( >85 DBA)

V. RADIATION ( IONIZING ---- ALFA, BETA, GAMA RAYS)

VI. RADIATION ( NON- IONIZING ----- ULTRAVIOLET, INFRARED AND MICROVES)

VII. FALL HAZARD

VIII. LACK OF OXYGEN

IX. LACK OF LIGHT

X. TOXIC GASES

XI. TOXIC CHEMICAL

XII. HYDROCARBONS.

68). WHAT IS RISK ASSESMENT?

ANS: RISK ASSESMENT IS A SYSTEMATIC PROCEDURE TO CLARIFY PROBABILITY OF ACCIDENT INCIDENT.WHICH WILL
BE FOLLOWING THREE STEPS.

1. WHAT CAN GOES TO WRONG.

2. WHY IT CAN GOES TO WRONG.

3. HOW CAN PREVENT GOING TO WRONG.

69). HOW MANY TYPES OF FIRE?

ANS: THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF FIRE:

1. CLASS “A” ORDINARYCOMBUSTIBLES SUCH AS WOOD , CLOTH , PAPER.

2. CLASS “B” FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS SUCH AS GASOLINE , OIL , PAINTS, GREASE.

3. CLASS”C” LIVE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT SUCH AS MOTORS, SWITCHES, COMPUTERS.

4. CLASS”D” COMBUSTIBLE METALS SUCH AS ZINC, MEGNESIUM, SODIUM, TITANIUM, POTTASIUM, LITHIUM,
CALCIUM, ZIRCONIUM.

5. CLASS”K” RECENTLY DISCOVERED BY “NFPA” FIRE INVOLVING IN VEGETABLE, MEAT,.

70). HOW MANY TYPES FIRE EXTINGUISHER?

ANS: THERE ARE SEVEN TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER:

1. CARBON DIOXIDE ( CARBON DIOXIDE GAS UNDER PRESSURE) – FOR CLASS B & C FIRES.

2. PUMP TANK ( PLAIN WATER ) - FOR CLASS A FIRE.

 3. MULTI – PURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL – FOR CLASS A, B, & C FIRES.

4. ORDINARY DRY CHEMICAL – FOR B & C FIRES.

5. HALON – FOR CLASS B & C FIRES.

6. DRY POWDER – FOR CLASS B FIRE.

7. FOAM FIRE EXTINGUISHER – FOR CLASS B FIRE.

71). PARTS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER WITH SHOWING PICTURE.

CO2 ( CARBON STORED PRESSURE WATER STORED PRESSURE FOAM STORED PRESSURE DRY
DIOXIDE ) FIRE EXTINGUISHER. FIRE EXTINGUISHER. CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHER.

DRY CHEMICAL CATRIDGE

EXTINGUISHER.
72). TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER ACCORDING TO AGENT AND FIRE TYPES.

EXTINGUISHER AGENT FIRE CLASS

STORED - PRESSURE WATER WATER A
HALON 1211 & 1301 HALON B&C
CARBON DIXIDE (CO2) CO2 B&C
AQUEOUS FILM FORMING FOAM
A&B
FOAM (AFFF)
DRY CHEMICAL SODIUM BICARBONATE,
POTASSIUM
B&C
BICARBONATE,AMMONIUM
PHOSPHATE,POTASSIUM CHLORIDE.
MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL MONO AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
A,B&C
DRY POWDER VARIOUS , DEPENDING ON METAL
D
TYPE.

73). HOW MANY TYPES OF CRANE?

ANS: THERE ARE FIVE TYPES OF CRANE:

1. MOBILE

2. HYDRAULIC

3. OVERHEAD

4. GANTRY

5. TOWER

74). CRANE HAZARDS:

• IMPROPER LOAD RATING • WORKING TO CLOSE TO
POWER LINES
• EXCESSIVE SPEED
• IMPROPER EXAUST SYSTEM
• NO HAND SIGNAL
• SHATTERED WINDOWS
• INADEQUATE INSPECTION
AND MAINTENANCE • NO STEPS/GUARDRAILS
WALDWAYS
• UNGUARDED PARTS
• NO BOOM ANGLE
• UNGUARDED SWING INDICATOR
RADIUS
• NOT USING OUTRIGGERS

75). CRANE SHOULD HOW MANY METER FAR AWAY FROM POWER LINE?
ANS: SHOULD STAY CLEAR POWER LINES AT LEAST 10 FEET.

ACCORDING TO VOLTAGE RATINGS NEED TO SET THE CRANE WHICH WILL BE POST ON THE CRANE BODY.
77). WHAT SHOULD WE INSPECT IN CRANE?
ANS: • CORRECT AIR PRESSURE AND
NO LEAKS.

• TIRES PROPERLY INFLATED

• CLEARANCE FOR TAIL SWING

• WIRE ROPE WIRE

• PHYSICAL DAMAGE TO CRANE

• LOOSE OR MISSING
HARDWARE, NUTS OR BOLTS

• FLUID LEAKS

78). WHAT IS “CO” OR CARBON MONOXIDE?

ANS: CO IS A COLORLESS, ODOURLESS AND INVISIBLE GAS. CO IS POISONUS IF INHEALED.IT’S REPLACES OXYGEN
FROM BLOODSTREAM AND LEADING TO SUFFOCATION.

77). BLINDING PROCEDURE:

ANS: 1. Blind should be installed as close to the vessel.

2. Blind list should be followed.

3. Blind should have a number.

4. All line connected to the vessel should be blinded.

5. Supervisor must make sure from blinding before issuing the permit and the systems are safe.

6. Some cases blind is not required, if the repair is minor, such as replacement the cover plate or gasket
double block valves and bleeders.

7. Electrical lockout and tag-out must be followed.

78).BLIND – A rigid metal disc that is slipped in between two bolted flanges to block the flow of materials within
the area.

79). CARSEAL – a safety / security device to seal isolation valves that shall remain normally open or normally
close during plant operations, for safety considerations.

80). TEMPERETURE RESISTENCE FOR TIRES.

ANS: SYMBOL “A” FOR HOT AREA, SYMBOL”B” FOR NORMAL WEATHER AREA AND SYMBOL “C” FOR COLD AREA.

81). HOW MANY TYPES OF ELECTRICAL INJURIES.

ANS: THERE ARE FOUR TYPES ELECTRICAL INJURIES:

• ELECTRICUTION ( DEATH DUE TO ELECTRICAL SHOCK)

• ELECTRICAL SHOCK

• BURNS

• FALLS

82). ELECTRICAL TERMINOLOGY:

• Current – the movement of electrical charge

• Resistance – opposition to current flow

• Voltage – a measure of electrical force

• Conductors – substances, such as metals, that have little resistance to electricity

• Insulators – substances, such as wood, rubber, glass, and Bakelite, that have high resistance to electricity

• Grounding – a conductive connection to the earth which acts as a protective measure

83). HOW MUCH TIME WILL TAKEN TO “GFCI” SHUT OFF?

ANS: The “GFCI” can shut off electricity flow in as little as 1/40 of a second

84). WHAT IS THE FULL FORM OF “ ANSI “

ANS: “ THE AMERICAN NATIONAL SAFETY INSTITUTE”.

85). Entrant – any person who enters the vessels. Entry is the insertion of the head, truck of the body or any part
of the body into a confined space.

86). Asphyxiate – a vapor or gas that can cause unconsciousness or death by suffocation (lack of oxygen). E.g.
nitrogen gas.

87). WHAT IS HOT WORK?

ANS: A Work that produces an ignition source where flammable materials, combustible gas-air mixture, or
combustible vapors are present.

88). TWO TYPES OF HOT WORK?

ANS: Open Flame – such as burning, welding, torch soldering, etc. Exceptions are areas which are considered as
safe for routine cutting and welding (fabshop, maint. shop, etc.)

Non-flame – work not producing a flame such as grinding, chipping, sand blasting, concrete cutting, etc.; opening
of explosion-proof housing is included

89).Classified Area – is an area where the potential exist for hydrocarbon release, spill or dust accumulation,
which may result in fire or explosion.
90).Non-classified Area – is one which is completely outside classified area.

91).Non-Sparking Tools – tools made from beryllium or copper or aluminum- bronze.

92). GUARD RAIL SYSTEM:

ANS: Top Edges height of top rails, 42 inches +/- 3 above working surface surface / deck

Mid rail height, 21 inches from working surface.

Guardrail systems could withstand, without failure a force of 90 kegs (200 lbs.).

93). WHAT IS THE RATED CAPACITY FOR FULL BODY HARENESS?

ANS: AT LEAST 2300 KGS ( 5000 LBS ).

94). Lanyards shall have a max. length of 2.8 meters (6 feet).shall be made from 10 mm (3/3-inch) min. diameter
wire rope.

95). WHAT IS HAZARD?

ANS: Hazard – is an unsafe act or condition which, if left uncontrolled, may contribute to an accident.

96). HOW TO PREVENT ACCIDENT?

ANS: 1. Identify the Hazard

2. Eliminate or mitigate the hazard

3. Avoid exposure to hazard

97). GENERAL CAUSE OF ACCIDENT

ANS: UNSAFE ACT = 88%

UNSAFE CONDITION = 10%

ACT OF GOD OR NATURE = 2%

98). HAZARD ASSESSMENT :

ANS: 1. Assess the workplace to determine the hazards.

2. Select PPE based on the hazard.

3.Properly train employees in wearing PPE.

4. Audit to ensure employees are wearing PPE

99). What Training is Required?

Training should include advantages and disadvantages of wearing.

– Ear muffs – NRR (15-25 dBA)

 – Ear Plugs (disposable) – NRR (30-32 dBA)

– Ear plugs (reusable) – NRR (30-32 Dba

100). What is Hearing Conservation?

ANS: It’s protecting your hearing from a potentially damaging level of noise.

101). Why should I know Hearing conservation?

ANS: Because your hearing is priceless. Good hearing helps you enjoy your life, communicate with others and stay
safe on and off the job.

102). Cold Work - any mechanical work on operating equipment including work on safe circuits and energized
electrical instruments and electrical power circuits which is not involved on any hot work or confined space entry OR
classified area.

103) WHAT IS RISK?

ANS: RISK IS A CHANCE HIGH OR LOW THAT SOMEBODY COULD HARMED BY THE HAZARD.

104). FORMULA FOR INCIDIENT RATE:

ANS: IR = NO. OF RECORDABLE INJURIES/ILLNESS X 200000
DIRECT HIRE EMPLOYEES MANHOURS WORKED

105). FORMULA FOR SEVERITY RATE:

ANS: SR = NO. OF DAYS LOST DUE TO INJURY/ILLNESS X 200000
DIRECT HIRE EMPLOYEES MANHOURS WORKED

106). HOW MANY TYPES OF PERMIT?

ANS: THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF PERMIT:

• HOT WORK PERMIT

• COLD WORK PERMIT

• CONFINED SPACE PERMIT

• RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS LIQUIDS OR GASES PERMIT.

• EXCAVATION REQUIRENENTS ( CHECKLIST)

• ISOLATION, LOCKOUT, AND USE OF HOLD TAGS ( INCLUDING BLINDING).

107). TYPES OF ISOLATION:

• LOCK OUT AND TAG OUT ( LOTO)

• DOUBLE BLOCK AND BLEED.

 • BLINDING WITH TAG.

• SINGLE BLOCK VALVES

108). FULL FORM OF:

• MSDS = MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET.

• COSHH = CONTROL OF SUBSTANCES HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH.

• SMS = SAFETY METHOD STATEMENT

• PPM = PARTS PER MILLION

• CHB = CHEMICAL HAZARD BULLETIN

• STARRT = SAFETY TASK ANALYSIS RISK REDUCTION TALK.

• PPE = PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

• DBA =DECIBELS ( UNIT OF NOISE)

• LOTO = LOCK OUT AND TAG OUT

• IDLH = IMMIDIETLY DANGEROUS TO LIFE OR HEALTH

• TWA = TIME WEIGHTED AVERAGE

• TLV = THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE.

• SOP = SAFE OPERATING PROCEDURE.

• SCBA = SELF- CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS

• ROPS = ROLLOVER PROTECTIVE STRUCTURE

• GFCI = GROUND FAULT CERCUIT INTERRUPTER

• ELCB = ELECTRIC LECKAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER

• BOP = BLOW OUT PREVENTERS

• NORM = NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL

109).TO PROTECT EMPLOYEE FROM SHOCK:

• HAVE A 3-WIRE CORE PLUGGED INTO A GROUNDED RECEPTACLE

• BE DOUBLE INSULATED OR

• BE POWERED BY A LOW VOLTAGE ISOLATION TRANSFORMER

110). WHAT IS GROUNDING AND BONDING FOR FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE

LIQUIDS?
ANS: Grounding: Applying a grounding wire to a container to eliminate a difference in static charge changes the
potential between an object and ground.

Bonding: Use of a wire between two drums to eliminate the static charge potential between objects.

111). Direct Cause: The main cause that resulted in the incident/accident. The event, situation or condition that
resulted in the incident/accident.

112). Lost Workday Injury (LWI)/ Illness: Any injury / illness because of which the employee (SABIC
Divisions, Affiliates and Subsidiaries or Contractor) is unable to work the next calendar day regardless of whether or not
the employee is scheduled to work on those day(s). The decision is to be made based on his ability to work rather than
his work schedule.

113). Restricted Work Injuries/Illness: Any injury/illness because of which the employee is unable to
perform one or more of the routine functions of his job (job functions that the employee regularly performs at least once
per week), or from working the full workday that he would otherwise have been scheduled to work, regardless of whether
or not the employee is scheduled to work on those day(s). The decision is to be done based on his ability to work rather
than his work schedule.

114).Recordable Injury/Illness: Death or cases of occupational injuries or illnesses that result in days away
from work, days of restricted work, Loss of consciousness, Temporary or permanent job transfer, termination of injured
employee or medical treatment beyond first aid.

115). Confined space entry preparation:

• The confined space or vessel shall be properly isolated in accordance with safety process 6, “ isolation, lockout,
and use of hold tags” (i.e., blinding). A sketch is recommended to assist in isolation of all sources.

• The space shall be purged, steam washed, and cleaned as necessary to sufficiently free the space of all possible
contaminants ( e.g., hazardous materials; iron sulfide deposits).

• Mechanical ventilation ( e.g., air movers) shall be used to ensure positive ventilation and remove all hazardous
airborne contaminants.

• Mechanical ventilation shall be stopped during atmospheric testing.

• Atmospheric tests for O2 and explosive and toxic gases and vapors shall be performed and recorded
immediately prior to entry, after breaks, or interruptions in the work procedure and at periodic intervals by a
certified gas tester. If other atmospheric hazards, such as carbon monoxide ( co ) and naturally occurring
radioactive material (NORM) are suspected to exist, appropriate air monitoring shall be conducted by a
qualified person.

• O2 concentration shall be 20% minimum’ flammables shall e zero’ and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide
(H2S) shall not exceed 10 parts per million (PPM).

• All source of ignition shall be eliminated or controlled. If ignition sources are present ( e.g., sparks or open
flames), a hot work permit shall be completed in accordance with safety process 1, “ hot work permit.”

• All equipment, including air movers, shall be properly grounded or bonded. Lighting equipment shall be
explosion proof.

• Physical hazards, including falling objects and contact with hot surfaces, shall be controlled.

• A fall protection plan for external access to the vessel/confined space shall be developed by the person-in-
charge if the entry point exceeds 1.8 m (6 ft) vertically (e.g., proper harnesses or scaffolding).
 • A fall protection plan for internal access to the vessel/confined space shall also be developed when confined
space entry requires internal work heights exceeding 1.8 meters (6 ft) vertically.

• All required PPE, including respiratory protection, shall be worn during confined space entries.

• A means of egress and communication shall be identified and emergency/rescue phone numbers shall be
recorded on the permit.

• The permit and signs and/or barricades shall be posted outside confined spaces to notify personnel that entry
is in progress and to prohibit unauthorized entry.

• Trained and designated standby men for confined space entry rescue shall be properly equipped (e.g., ppe,
radio, or retrieval line) and stationed outside the space to remain in direct communication with the workers
inside.

• Proper rescue equipment including lifelines, harnesses, and hoists shall be used when entering confined spaces
1.8 m (6 ft) or deeper (e.g., vessels or towers).

116). Entry:
• The CSE permit checklist shall be completed, signed, and issued before entry may begin.

• Only authorized personnel shall enter the confined space.

• All authorized personnel entering the confined space shall sign a log sheet upon entering and exiting the
confined space to account for all personnel.

• The atmosphere shall be rechecked periodically while personnel are present in the confined space to ensure a
safe work environment continuous monitoring shall be used when atmospheric conditions are subject to
change in the confined space.

• If the confined space entry is suspended, the entrance shall be blocked and a “ NO ENTRY” SIGN POSTED.

117). Restoration:
When work is complete and the confined space is ready to be returned to service, the permit shall be used as a checklist
for proper restoration of the space. In addition to items listed on the permit, ensure that:

• All personnel are out of the space.

• All equipment and tools are removed.

• All man ways and flanges are closed and sealed. All vessels and relief valves are restored to operating
condition.

• All blinds are removed using the blind list as required by safety process 6,”isolation, lockout, and use of hold
tags.”

• All startup procedures are followed.

118). Examples of work activities requiring a release permit include:

• Opening oil or gas lines (line entry) or systems.

• Opening of all steam and condensate lines or systems.

• Opening of all lines or systems containing H2S.

 • Opening of all lines or systems containing nitrogen (N2)

• Opening of all lines or systems containing hazardous material (e.g., caustic or sulfuric acid).

119). In addition to proper line entry steps, release permit requirements include:
• Proper PPE for all personnel.

• Proper isolation prior to opening the line in accordance with safety process 6,”isolation, lockout, and use of
hold tags.”

• Proper containment of anticipated liquids or gases.

• Proper communication with operations personnel.

• Immediate notification of unanticipated leaks or releases.

120). Lift Categories:

• Light Lift: Any lift where the payload weight 10 tons or less.

• Medium lift: Any lift where the payload weight is over 10 tons but less than 50 tons.

• Heavy lift: Any lift where the payload weight is 50 tons or greater.

• Critical lift: Any lift that exceeds 90% of crane’s chart capacity; any multiple crane lift where either crane
exceeds 75% of the loads capacity; require one or both of the cranes to change locations during the lifting
operation; any up ending – down ending operation during the lift; or any lift over operating or occupied
facilities, process pipe racks, or near power lines. Any lift involving a complex rigging arrangement or that
requires specialty rigging should also receive this classification. All lift with hydraulic gantries shall be deemed
critical and a rigging plan shall be developed for these lifts. Project management may classify any lift that
involves sensitive or risk to costly equipment as critical.

121). Understand requirements for protective measures against electrical hazards .

a. Grounding
b. Proximity warning devices
c. Insulated links
d. Boom cages
e. Proximity to electric power lines, radio, and microwave structure.

122). Ensure all slings and lifting equipment have

– Individual markings and are entered in the register

– The SWL clearly marked

– Charts posted where required

– Periodic examinations

– Annealed as necessary

– Repaired slings are re-proof tested and certificated

– Competent people using correct techniques

– Competent supervision
123). Flash Point - When vapours and gasses reach their flashpoint, they are capable of igniting momentarily by an
outside source of heat.

124). Fire Point - When the fuel reaches it’s fire point, sufficient gas /vapour is being given off to sustain a flame.

125). what is a substance ‘hazardous to health’

ANS: Any material, mixture or compound used at work or arising from work activities, which is harmful to peoples
health in the form which it occurs in the work activity

126). IONISING - Radiation that can cause changes in the electrical charge of an atom or molecule

127). NON IONISING - Radiant energy which does not have sufficient energy to cause ionisation in matter. It
consists only of electromagnetic radiation and no particulate radiation is involved.

128). There are five main types of ionising radiation:

• Alpha - e.g. sealed source in smoke detectors

• Beta - Can penetrate skin causing internal and external damage

• Gamma rays - Emitted during radioactive decay - similar to x Ray

Neutrons

• X rays - Short wave length used in non destructive testing

129). Information required for accident investigation:

• WHO

Injured, witnesses, contributed to the accident

• WHAT

Happened, the sequence of events (Direct / indirect causes)

Precautions taken, their adequacy

Applicable Regulations, A Cop’s Guidance etc applied

• WHEN

Did the accident occur

Were individuals trained etc

• WHERE

Did the accident occur

• HOW

Did the accident happen, Can we prevent a recurrence