BACHELORS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(WITH HONORS)
SEM VII
SEPTEMBER 2024
ELEMENTARY STATISTICS
< SBST1303 >
AFREEN BASHIR
INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE, AJMAN, U.A.E.
Index.
PAGE
S.NO CONTENTS NO.
1. QUESTION 1 3–4
2. QUESTION 2 5–7
3. QUESTION 3 8–9
2
QUESTION 1
a) i. Bar chart for COVID cases
ii. Multiple bar chart for COVID cases and deaths (use the data from the column per 100k
people)
3
b) Brazil had the highest death rate at 292 per 100K people, followed by Argentina (280) and
Colombia (256). The United States ranked fourth with 242 deaths per 100K people.
4
QUESTION 2
35 38 43 29 42 25 65 43 45 59
55 57 55 41 33 24 49 45 48 31
!"!!"!!"!!"!!"!!"!!"!!"!!"!!"!!!!!"!!!!!"!!!!!"!!"!!"!!"!!" !"#
a) Mean => !"
= !"
= 43.1
b) Mode => 35, 38, 43, 43, 29, 42, 25, 65, 45, 45, 59, 55, 55, 57, 41, 33, 24, 49, 48, 31
• 43, 45 and 55 appears twice. Since, 43 appears first, it is the mode.
c) Median =>
Step 1: Sorting the data in ascending order
24,25,29,31,33,35,38,41,42,43,43,45,45,48,49,55,55,57,59,65
Step 2: Since there are 20 values (even number), the median is the average of the 10th and
11th values.
!"!!" !"
Median = !
= !
= 43
! !
d) First Quartile => 𝑄! = ! (n+1) = ! (20 + 1)
!
= ! × 21 = 5.25
! !
e) Third Quartile => 𝑄! = ! (n+1) = ! (20 + 1)
!
= ! × 21 = 15.75
f) Interquartile range => IQR = | 𝑄! – 𝑄! | = 15.75 – 5.25 = 10.5
∑(!"!! )^!
g) Variance => σ! = !
Where:
• Each value = xi
• Mean of the data, x = 43.1
• Number of values, N = 20
Step 1: x – xi
24 - 43.1 = -19.1
25 - 43.1 = -18.1
29 - 43.1 = -14.1
31 - 43.1 = -12.1
33 - 43.1 = -10.1
5
35 - 43.1 = -8.1
38 - 43.1 = -5.1
41 - 43.1 = -2.1
42 - 43.1 = -1.1
43 - 43.1 = -0.1
43 - 43.1 = -0.1
45 - 43.1 = 1.9
45 - 43.1 = 1.9
48 - 43.1 = 4.9
49 - 43.1 = 5.9
55 - 43.1 = 11.9
55 - 43.1 = 11.9
57 - 43.1 = 13.9
59 - 43.1 = 15.9
65 - 43.1 = 21.9
Step 2: Squaring Each Deviation
(-19.1)^2 = 364.81
(-18.1)^2 = 327.61
(-14.1)^2 = 198.81
(-12.1)^2 = 146.41
(-10.1)^2 = 102.01
(-8.1)^2 = 65.61
(-5.1)^2 = 26.01
(-2.1)^2 = 4.41
(-1.1)^2 = 1.21
(-0.1)^2 = 0.01
(-0.1)^2 = 0.01
(1.9)^2 = 3.61
(1.9)^2 = 3.61
(4.9)^2 = 24.01
(5.9)^2 = 34.81
(11.9)^2 = 141.61
(11.9)^2 = 141.61
(13.9)^2 = 193.21
(15.9)^2 = 252.81
(21.9)^2 = 479.61
Step 3: Sum of Squared Deviations
364.81 + 327.61 + 198.81 + 146.41 + 102.01 + 65.61 + 26.01 + 4.41 + 1.21 + 0.01 + 0.01
+ 3.61 + 3.61 + 24.01 + 34.81 + 141.61 + 141.61 + 193.21 + 252.81 + 479.61
= 2511.8
Step 4: Dividing by N
!"##.!
σ! = !"
= 125.59
6
h) Standard deviation => (s²) = Σ(xᵢ - x)² / (n - 1)
Where, ∑(xi−x)^2 = 2511.8 and n = 20 (as per above calculations)
Therefore,
s² = 2511.8 / (20 - 1)
s² = 2511.8 / 19
s² ≈ 132.21
s = √132.21
s ≈ 11.5
7
QUESTION 3
a) Tree diagram
b) Probability of Loyal Academic with More than 10 Years of Service
Formula (Joint Probability):
P(X and Y) = (Number of Favorable Outcomes (Loyal and >10 years)) / (Total Number of
Academicians)
Application:
P(Loyal and More than 10 years) = 75 / 200 = 0.375
c) Probability of Not Remaining with Less than 1 Year of Service
Formula (Joint Probability):
P(X and Y) = (Number of Favorable Outcomes (Not Remain and <1 year)) / (Total Number of
Academicians)
Application:
P(Not Remain and Less than 1 year) = 25 / 200 = 0.125
d) Probability of Remaining Given 1-5 Years of Service
Formula (Conditional Probability):
P(X | Y) = P(X and Y) / P(Y)
Where:
• X = Remain
• Y = 1-5 years of service
8
Application:
P(Remain | 1-5 years) = P(Remain and 1-5 years) / P(1-5 years)
P(Remain and 1-5 years) = 30 / 200
P(1-5 years) = (30 + 15) / 200 = 45 / 200
P(Remain | 1-5 years) = (30 / 200) / (45 / 200) = 30 / 45 = 2 / 3 = 0.6667
e) Probability of Not Remaining Given 6-10 Years of Service
Formula (Conditional Probability):
P(X | Y) = P(X and Y) / P(Y)Where:
• X = Not Remain
• Y = 6-10 years of service
Application:
P(Not Remain | 6-10 years) = P(Not Remain and 6-10 years) / P(6-10 years)
P(Not Remain and 6-10 years) = 10 / 200
P(6-10 years) = (5 + 10) / 200 = 15 / 200
P(Not Remain | 6-10 years) = (10 / 200) / (15 / 200) = 10 / 15 = 2 / 3 = 0.6667
f) Probability of More than 10 Years or Not Remaining
Formula (Union Probability):
P(X or Y) = P(X) + P(Y) - P(X and Y)
Where:
• X = More than 10 years
• Y = Not Remain
Application:
P(More than 10 years) = (75 + 30) / 200 = 105 / 200
P(Not Remain) = 80 / 200
P(More than 10 years and Not Remain) = 30 / 200
P(More than 10 years or Not Remain) = 105 / 200 + 80 / 200 - 30 / 200 = 155 / 200 = 0.775
9
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