The Prophet (r) said:

“The best of you are the ones who learn the

Qur’an and teach it to others.”

THE ALPHABET
OF THE QURʼAN

Erkam Publishing
‫َر ِّب َ ِّ َو َ ُ َ ِّ َر ِّب َ ِّ ِא ْ َ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ج‬ ‫ءا ب ت ث‬
‫ر‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫د‬ ‫خ‬ ‫ح‬
‫ض‬ ‫ز س شص‬
‫ف‬ ‫ط ظ ع غ‬
‫ـم‬ ‫ق כـ ك ‪ .‬ل‬
‫ي‬ ‫ن ه ـ و‬
‫‪2‬‬
 The letters that are not org൴n൴zed by alphabet's order
The Arab c alphabet cons sts of 29 consonants. Every one of these
letters are pronounced w th a spec al sound, and t s very mportant to
hear the r sounds from an expert who has spec al zed n the Qur’an c
Rec tat on.

‫د ض ظ‬ ‫ت ط‬
‫ث س ص‬ ‫ك ق‬
‫ه ـ ذ ز‬ ‫ح خ‬
‫و ن ءا‬ ‫ى‬
‫ف ج ب‬ ‫ع ر‬
‫ـ م ـכـ ش‬ ‫ل غ‬
The Prophet (r) said:
“Read the Qur’an, for verily it will come on the Day of Judgment
as an intercessor for its companions.”

3
 Letters wh൴ch are not org൴n൴zed by sound.

‫ن ر ج ث‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ب ح‬
‫ك خ س غ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫د ى‬
‫ط ـم ق ص‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ت و‬
‫ض ه ـ ظ ءا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ع ش‬
Compare the letters and say the൴r names by pay൴ng attent൴on to the
d൴fferences between them.

‫تط دض ضظ قك‬
‫ثسض ح خ ـ ذ ز ظ‬
‫خ صض ط ظ غ ق‬
The follow൴ng letters are always rec൴ted w൴th a heavy pressured sound.

The follow൴ng letters are always rec൴ted w൴th a heavy pressured sound.
The two letters (‫ ر‬،‫ )ل‬are read somet൴mes w൴th heavy
sound and somet൴mes w൴th a soft sound.

4
 ALONE, INITIAL, MEDIAL AND FINAL
WRITTEN FORMS OF ARABIC LETTERS

In൴t൴al Wr൴tten Forms Of Arab൴c Letters

‫ذ‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا‬

‫ظ‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ر‬
‫و‬ ‫כ‬

Med൴al Wr൴tten Forms Of Arab൴c Letters

‫א‬

‫כ‬

F൴nal Wr൴tten Forms Of Arab൴c Letters

‫א‬

‫כ‬

5
 ‫‪Read൴ng the three vowels‬‬
‫‪Learn ng how to read the vowels placed above or‬‬
‫‪under the consonants.‬‬

‫ت‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ب‬
‫ُ َ‬ ‫ب‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ب‬
‫َ‬ ‫َا ِا اُ‬
‫ح ُح‬ ‫َح ِ‬ ‫ث ث َج ِج ُج‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ث‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َذ ِذ ُذ‬ ‫َد ِد ُد‬ ‫خ‬
‫خ ُ‬ ‫خ ِ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َز ِز ُز َس ِس ُس‬ ‫َر ِر ُر‬
‫َش ِش ُش َص ِص ُص َض ِض ُض‬
‫َع ِع ُع‬ ‫ظ ِظ ُ‬
‫ظ‬ ‫ط َ‬‫ط ِط ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫َف ِف ُف َق ِق ُق‬ ‫غ‬
‫غ ُ‬
‫غ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫َم ِم ُم‬ ‫َل ِل ُل‬ ‫َك ِك ُك‬
‫َ ـ ِ ـ ُه‬ ‫َو ِو ُو‬ ‫َن ِن ُن‬
‫َ َ ِ َ ِ ُ ُف ِر َض‬ ‫َى ِى ُى‬
‫‪6‬‬
 Al Fatha Short vowel “a”

It s a small d agonal l ne wr tten on top of a letter. It helps the emphat c conso-

nants to be read w th a heavy “a” sound l ke the word “art” and the soft conso-
nants w th a l ght “a” sound s m lar to the letter “e” n the word “went.”

ََ ‫َا‬ َ َ ‫َا‬ ََ ‫َا َد َب َا َ َ َا‬

‫َو َر َق‬ َ َ َ ‫و‬ ‫ق‬َ ‫ز‬
َ ‫ر‬ ‫ق‬
َ َ َ َ ََ َ
‫َد َر َك َد َر َج َ َك َو َز َن َو َر َد‬
َ
َ َ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َכ‬
ََ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ ‫َכ‬ َ َ ‫َכ‬
َ َ ‫َر‬ َ َ ‫َو‬ ‫َ َ َل‬ ‫َ َ َر‬ ‫َ َ َل‬

َََ َ َ َ ‫َ َ َب‬ َ َ ‫َو َ َ َد‬

The Prophet (r) sa d:
“The holy Qur’an rev൴ves the dead hearts.”

7
 Read൴ng the three vowels
When the consonant ( ‫ ) ا‬follows another consonant w th a fatha
(vowel “a”) above t, then t prolongs the sound of the vowel. The
m n mum prolongat on s to the measure of two vowels.

‫اق‬
َ ‫َذ‬ ‫َز َار‬ ‫َز َاد‬ ‫َر َام‬ ‫َد َام‬
‫אت‬
َ َ ‫אت‬
َ َ ‫اح‬
َ ‫אب َر‬
َ َ ‫אب‬
َ َ
َ َ ‫َא‬ ‫אر َد‬
َ َ ‫אف‬َ َ ‫אب َا َر َاد َا‬
َ َ ‫َا‬
‫َא َ א‬ ‫َ َ َ א َכא َא‬ َ ‫אب َ א‬َ َ
َ َ ‫َ َ ا َ َ َ א َ َ َ א َ َ َ א َ َ َכא‬
َ‫אم َ َאכ َ َب َ א َ אل‬
َ َ ‫אن َ א َ َאء َ א‬
َ ‫אכ‬
َ َ

َ َ ‫אو َز َא َ َ َ א‬
َ َ َ َ ‫َא‬ َ َ‫َא‬
The Prophet (r) said:
There is no envy except in two: a person whom Allah has given
Qur’an (i.e. religious knowledge) and he gives his decisions
accordingly and teaches it to the others and a person whom Allah has
given wealth and he spends it in the right way.

8
 Al Kasra Short vowel “൴”

It s a d agonal l ne wr tten under the consonants. It s pronounced as

short “ ” just l ke the letter “ ” n the word “b t”

َ َ ‫כ‬ِ ‫ر ِد َف ر‬
َ
ِ ‫َا‬ ‫َازِ َف‬ ‫َا ِذ َن‬
َ
‫َ ِ َ َ ِ َم‬ َ ِ َ ِ‫ر‬
َ
ِ
َ
َ َ
ِ َ َِ َِ َ ِ َ ‫َ ِ َب‬
َ َ َ
ِ َ َِ َ ِ ِ َِ
َ َ َ َ َ َ
َِ َ َِ ‫َورِ َش َورِ َم‬ ‫ث‬ َ ِ‫َور‬
َ
ِ ‫ر‬ َِ ِ َ ِ ‫َ ِ َم‬
َ َ َ َ َ َ
ِ
‫אכ‬ ‫אرِب‬
َ َ ‫ق‬
َ ِ‫אر‬ َ َ ِ َ ِ ‫َכ‬
‫اכ‬
َ َ َ َ َ َ َ َ
The Prophet (r) said:
“The best of you are the ones who learn the Qur’an and
teach it to others.”

9
 The letters prolong൴ng the sounds of vowels (‫ )ى‬،(‫)ي‬
When the consonant (‫ )ﻯ‬follows another consonant w th a kasra
(vowel “ ”) under t, then t prolongs the “ ” sound of the vowel.
The m n mum prolongat on s to the measure of two vowels.

َ ‫ِכ‬ َ ‫ِכ‬ َ ِ َ ِ َ ِ
ِ ‫َא‬ ‫َ ِאدى‬ ِ‫َא‬ ِ ‫َכא ِ وا‬
َ
َِ ِ ‫َا‬ ِ ‫َא‬ ‫َ אزِ ى‬ ِ ‫َرا‬
ِ َِ ِ ِ ِ
ُ َ ُ ُ َ ُ َ ُ َ
ِ ‫א ِ ِ ر ِاכ‬ ِ‫َ َ א‬ ِ‫َا َא ِ َ َ َ ار‬
َ َ َ َ َ َ
‫ُ َى‬ َ ْ َ َ ‫َ َא‬ ََ َ ‫ِا‬
‫ُْ ى‬ َ َْ ِ
َ َ ُ َ َ ُ
The Prophet (r) sa d:
“Increase the read൴ng of the Qur’an ൴n your homes, for ൴n a
house where Quran ൴s not read much, ൴ts ev൴lness ൴s much and ൴ts
goodness ൴s less, and ൴ts ൴nhab൴tants are ൴n cont൴nuous stress.”

10
 Al Damma Short vowel “u”
It s a symbol wr tten above a consonant. It has the shape of Arab c let-
ter (waw). It helps the consonants to be read w th a “u” sound as n the
word “full” or “pull.”

ِ ُ‫ا‬ ‫َا ُد َب َا ُر َب‬ َ ِ ُ‫ا‬ ‫اُ ِذ َن‬

َ
َُ َ َُ ‫َכ‬ َُ َ َُ
‫َכ‬ َ ُ َ
ِ ُِ ِ ‫ُذ ِכ‬ ‫ُ ِכ‬
َ ُ َ َ ُ َ َ
َ ِ ‫ث ُو‬َ ِ‫ُورِ َد ُور‬ َ ِ ‫ُو ِ َ ُو‬
َُِ ُ ُ ُ ‫ُ ِ َل‬ ِ
ُ ُ ُ ُ ‫ُر‬
ُ ِ َ ُ َِ ُ َِ ‫َ ِ ُد‬ ُ ِ َ

ُ ِ ُ
ِ
َ ُ‫ُ ا‬
ُِ ُ َ ُ ‫אف‬
‫אل‬ ُ َ ُ
The Prophet (r) said:
“A person who has no chapter or verse from the holy Quran in
his heart is like a desolate house with no one living in it.”

11
 The letters prolong൴ng the sounds of vowels (‫)و‬
When the consonant (‫ )ﻭ‬follows another consonant w th a damma
(vowel “u”) above t, then t prolongs the “u” sound of the vowel.
The m n mum prolongat on s to the measure of two vowels.

‫َ ُ ُل َ ُכ ُن‬ ‫َ ُ ُذ َا ُ ُل‬ ‫َا ُ ُذ‬

‫وح ُ ُر‬ ُ ‫ُر‬ ‫ط ُ ُد‬ ُ ُ ‫ُ ُح‬
َُ َ ‫َ ِ ُ ا‬ ‫َ א ُ ا َכא ُ ا‬ ‫َא ُ ا‬
‫ون‬
َ ‫َ ُ ُ َن َ ُ ُ َن َ ُ ُ َن َ ُ ُ َن َ ُ ُد‬
‫ون َ ِ ُ َن َ ِ ُدو َن‬ َ ُ َِ
َ ُ ِ َ ‫ون َ ِ ُ َن‬
َ ُ ِ ‫ون َ א‬
‫ون َرا ِ ُ َن‬ َ ُ ِ ‫َא‬ َ ُ ِ ‫َ א ِ ُ َن َ א‬
‫ون‬
‫َن ۪ َن‬ ِ ‫ِ ُ َن‬ َُ ُ ِ ُ ‫ون‬
‫ن‬ َ ُ ُِ
ُ ُ ُ ُ
The Prophet (r) said:
“Allah will elevate some nations because of the (their respect
to) Qur’an and will lower some nations because of their lack of
attention to the Qur’an in their lives.”

12
 Sukun
Sukun s a c rcle-shaped d acr t cal symbol placed above a letter. It nd -
cates that the consonant to wh ch t s attached s not
followed by a vowel.

‫ِا َذ ْن‬ ‫َכ‬ َْ َْ ‫َا ْن‬

ْ
ِ ‫زِ ْد‬ ‫ِا ْذ‬ ْ
ِ ‫ِا ْن‬
ْ
ُْ ُْ ْ ُ ْ ‫ُכ‬ ُْ
‫َ ْ َف‬ َ ْ ‫َכ‬ ِ
ُ ْ َ َ َْ َ ْ
ْ َ ‫אم َ ْ َ א‬ َ َ ْ َ ْ ِ ْ َ ‫ِا ْن َ ُ ْ ِا ْن‬
َ َ ْ َ ‫אت‬
‫َد َ َ ْ ُ ُ ا‬ َ ‫כ‬
ُ َ ‫و‬ ْ َ َ ‫و‬ ْ ِ َ
ْ َُ ْ ْ َ ْ َ ُ ْ َ َ ْ

ُْ ْ َ ‫َ َ ْ ِ ْ َو‬ ْ ‫ا‬
َ ‫ون‬
َ ُ ۪ َ
َ َْ َْ ُ ُ َ ْ
 ‫ْ َא َ ْ َכ ِو ْز َر َك‬ َ ‫ َو َو‬ ‫أَ َ ْ َ ْ َ ْح َ َכ َ ْ َر َك‬
 ‫ك‬ َ َ ‫َא َ َכ ِذ ْכ‬ َ ِ
ْ َ ‫ َو َر‬ ‫اَ َّ ى أ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َك‬

13
 Shadda
Shadda or Tashd d s a d acr t cal symbol shaped l ke a letter “w”. It
connects a letter to the follow ng one and double the r sounds.

‫َر َّب‬ ‫َر َّد‬ ‫َد َّل‬ ‫َا َّن‬ ‫ِا َّن‬

َّ َ َّ َ َّ َ َّ َ َّ َ
‫ث‬ ‫َ َ َ َّ َر‬ َ َّ َ
َ َّ َ َّ َ َّ َ
ُ ِّ َ ُ
‫ث‬ ‫ُ ِّ ُ ُ َ ِ ُ ُ َ ِّ ُر‬
ّ َ ُّ ِ َ ُ
‫َا ُّ ُب‬ ‫وس‬ ‫َ ُّ ُم‬ ْ ‫ا‬ ُّ َ ْ ‫َا‬
ُ ُّ ُ ُّ َ َ
‫ت‬ ‫ر‬ ‫כ‬ ِ ِ ِ
‫ا‬
َ
ْ َ َّ ْ َ ّ ُ ِ َّ ّ ِّ ‫َر‬
ْ ‫ق‬ ُ ِ َ ِ ُ ‫َכ ِ ّ ب‬ ْ َ َّ َ
ْ ُ َّ َ ّ ُ ُ َّ ُ ُ
 ‫َ اْ ُ ْ ِ ُ ْ ا‬ َ ‫إ َِّن‬ ‫ْ ِ ُ ْ ً ا‬ ُ ْ‫َ َ ا‬ ‫َ ِ َّن‬
ً
 ْ َ ‫َر ِّ َכ َ ْאر‬ ٰ ‫ َو ِإ‬ ْ َ ْ ‫َ א‬ َ ََْ ‫َ ِ َذا‬

14
 Tanw൴n Al Fatha
Tanw n means nunat on. It can be n one of the three forms. F rst t can
be double fatha or the short vowel “a” followed by an “N” sound.

‫َر َ ً ا َ َ ًא‬ ‫ََ ا‬ ًَ َ ‫َ َ ًא‬

ً
‫ُכ ُ א‬ ً ُُ ‫ِ ْ ًא‬ ‫ُכ ُ ً ا‬ ًُُ
ً
‫َ ِ ًّא ُ ُ ًّ ا‬ ‫َ ًّ א‬ ‫ِ ًّ ا َ ا‬
َ ًّ
‫َ َّ ا ًא َو َّ א ًא‬ ‫אدا‬
ً َ ‫اَ ْو‬ ‫اَ ْ َ ا ً א اَ ْ َא ًא‬
‫َ ۪ ا ُ ًدا‬ ‫َ ۪ ًא‬ ‫ُر ُ ً א َכ ۪ ا‬
ً ً
‫َ ا َ ۪ ًא‬ ‫ُد َ ًאء‬ ‫َ َ ًاء ِ َ ًاء‬
ًْ
‫ر ً َ َ ا‬
ً ْ ُ ُ ‫ُ ًא‬ ‫ُ ْ ِ ًא ُ ْכ ِ ً א‬
ُ
( َ ۪ ‫ًا أَ َא‬ ِ َ َ َ َ ‫)وأَ ْر‬
َْ ْ ْ َ
(‫َ ُ ًرا‬ ‫َ ُ ًّ ا‬ ُ َّ ‫אن ا‬
َ ‫)و َכ‬
َ

15
 Tanw൴n Al Kasra
F rst t can be double kasra or the short
vowel “ ” followed by an “N” sound.

ٍ َ َ ‫َو ْز ٍن َو ْر ٍد‬ ‫َو َر ٍع َو َر ٍق‬

ٍ ِ ‫َ א ِ ٍ َכ ِאذ ٍب א‬ ٍ ِ ‫َوا ِ ً ا َ א‬
َ
‫اب ِכ ٍام ِ ٍאم‬ ٍ َ َ ‫َ َ ٍم َכ َ ٍم‬
َ َ
‫ُ ْ ٍ َכ َ ْ ٍ َ ْ ُכ ٍل‬ ٍ ّ۪ ِ ٍ ِ ْ َ
َ
ٍ ‫َכ‬ ٍ ٍ ‫ِئ‬ ‫ِ ْ ُ ٍع‬ ‫َ ْ ُ ٍن‬
َ َ َ َ َْ
ٍِ َ ّ ٍ ٍ َِ ٍ َ ٍّ َ
ّ َ ّ ّ
ٍ
‫אن‬ ‫ا‬ ٍ ‫ِا َ ٍم ۪ا‬
ِ ‫אن‬ ٍ ‫אن ِا ْ َכ‬
‫אر‬ ٍ ‫ِا َכ‬
َ ْ َ ْ ْ
(‫ْ ٍ َ ْ ُכ ٍل‬ ۪ ِ ِ ٍ َ َ ِ ِ ِ ۪ َ)
َ ‫ َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َכ‬ ٍ ّ ْ ‫אرة‬ ْ ْ
(‫َ ْ ٍف‬ ِ ِ ِ
ْ ْ ُ َ َ ‫)اَ َّ ى أَ ْ َ َ ُ ْ ْ ُ ٍع َوآ‬

16
 Tanw൴n Al Damma
F rst t can be double damma or the short
vowel “u” followed by an “N” sound.

‫َز ْر ٌع‬ ‫اَ ْر ٌض اُ ٌّم‬ ٌ َ ‫َا‬ ‫اَ َز ٌل‬

ٌ ِ ‫َ א ِ ٌ َ א ِ ٌ َכא‬ ٌِ ‫َ א‬
ٌ
ِ ‫َא‬
‫ُ ْ ا ٌن ُ َ א ٌن ۪ َ ا ٌن‬ ٌ ‫َرازِ ٌق َر َّز‬
‫اق‬
ْ َ
ٌ ۪ َ ٌ ۪ َ ٌ َ۪ ٌ ۪ َ ٌ ۪ َ
‫אب‬ ِ ‫אع ِ אس‬
‫כ‬ ‫אم‬
ٌ َ ٌ َ ٌ ََ ٌ َ َ ‫َ َ ٌم‬
ٌ َ ِ ‫وس‬ ٌ ُّ ُ ‫د‬
ٌ ُ ‫و‬
ُ ‫َ َ َّ ٌ َر ُ ٌل‬
ِ ‫اَداء‬
ٌّ ُ ٌّ ِ َ َ ٌّ ُ ُ ‫אء‬
ٌ َ ٌ َ
(ٌ َ ُ َ ‫ ِ َ א ُ ٌر‬ ٌ َ ِ‫َ ٌ َ אر‬ ‫) ِ َא‬
ْ ُ ْ
( ِ َ ٌ ِ َ ُ ّٰ ‫ َوا‬ ‫َ ْ ٌم‬ َ ‫ُ ُه ِ َ ٌ َو‬ ُ َْ َ)
ٌ

17
 Pronoun (Ha)
The sound of Arab c th rd person pronoun “ha” wh ch s attached
to the end of a word should be prolonged, f the prev ous letter s
vocal zed. Otherw se t should be read as a short letter.

ُ ُّ ‫َر‬ ُ ُ ‫َ ْ ُ ُ َא‬ ُُْ ‫َا‬ َُ

ُ َ ْ ‫َ ْ َ ُ َا ْ َ ُه َو‬ ‫ْ ُه‬
َ َ َُُْ
‫ه‬ ِ ِ ‫ذ‬
ْ ِ
‫ِא‬ ِِ ‫ُכ ُ ِ ِ ُر‬
ََُْ ُ َ َْ ُ
ِ ۪ َ‫۪ ِ ِ ز۪ َ ِ ِ ا‬ ِ ِْ ِ ِ ِ ‫رِ ْز‬
َ
َُ
ِ َ ِ ِ ُ ‫ُ ِّ ِ و‬
ْ َ ‫ِ ْ َ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِאد ِه‬
َ َ َ
ِ ۪ ْ ِ ْ ُِ ِ َ ‫َ ِ ِا‬
َُ َ ُ ْ ْ َ
‫ُ ْ ۪ ِ َا ْ َ َ ُאه َ َّ ْ َ ُאه َ َ ُ ُه‬ ِ ۪
ْ َْ
(‫َ َ ِ َ َ َّכ ْ َא‬ ‫ِ ( )آ َ َّא ِ ِ َو‬ ۪ ‫)و א ِ ِ ِ و‬
ْ ََ َ َ َ
(‫َ َّدى‬ ‫َ ْ ُ َ א ُ ُ ِإ َذا‬ ۪ ْ ‫)و א‬
َ ُ ََ

18
 The symbol of Madd
It s a stra ght l ke on top of the letter,
and t s pronounced n a long sound.

‫َا ْو ِ َאء‬ ‫ِ َء‬ ‫َء‬ ُ ‫َ َאء‬ ‫َ א ٓ َء‬

َ
ْ
‫َا ْ َ ُאؤ ُכ‬ ْ
‫ٰا َ ُאؤ ُכ‬ ‫َ َאء‬ ‫َا ْ ُ ِا َذا‬ ‫َא َا ُّ َ א‬
ُ
‫اُو ِئ َכ‬ ٌ ‫َ َ ِئ َכ‬ ُ َّ ‫َا ْ َ א‬ ً َّ ‫َכא‬ ٌ َّ ‫َدا‬
ً َ ‫َ ِאئ‬ ‫َ َ ًاء‬ ِ َ ‫ِا َّא ِا‬
ْ
‫َ َ ُאء ُ َ َ ُاء‬
Another prolongat൴on symbol
Th s s a short vert cal l ne placed below or above a letter. It n-
d cates prolongat on of the vowel. The m n mum amount of pro-
longat on s the measure of the sound of a vowel.

‫ٰ َ ا ٰ ُ َא‬ ‫אت‬
ٌ َ ‫ٰا‬ ‫ٰا َد َم‬ َ َ ‫ٰا‬
‫ات ٰا ٍت‬ ٌ َٰ َ ُ ٰ ْ ُ ‫َر ْ ٰ ٌ ُ ْ ٰا ٌن‬
ٰ ‫ا‬
ٰ ‫כ‬
ُ ٰ ِ
‫ا‬ ‫ِا ْ ِ ِا ْ ٰ ۪ ُ ٰ و ُن‬
ُْ ْ ُ ُ َ ٰ
ٰ ُّ ‫َوا‬ ‫َ ٌة‬ ‫َ ٰא ٰو ُכ َ َ ٰ ٌة َز َכ ٌة‬
ٰ ْ
19
 In certa n cases “Al f” w thout d acr t c ( ‫ ) ﺍ‬and al f –lam ( ‫) ﺍﻝ‬
are not read even though they are wr tten n the text.

‫َ َ ْا‬ ‫َ א ُ ا ٰا َ ُ ا َر َا ْوا‬ ُ ‫َא‬

‫َوا ْ ِ َ َא َو ْار َ ْ َא َو ْار َ ْ ا‬ ُ ْ َ ْ ‫َوا ْ َ ْ ُ َوا‬
ْ
‫אس َوا ۪ ّ ِ َوا َّ ْ ُ ِن‬ ُ َّ ‫َوا‬ ُ ْ َّ ‫َوا َّ َ ُم َوا‬
‫َوا َّ ا ِ ُ َوا َّ ِ َ ْ َ ُ وا‬ ِ َّ ‫وا ِ وا‬
‫اכ‬ َ ْ َّ َ
ْ ُ
Lafzatullah ( ‫)ا‬
The letter “lam” n the word of “ALLAH” should be read w th a
heavy sound when the letter “al f” preced ng t s vowel zed by fatha
or damma. If the letter “al f” s vowel zed w th kasra, then “lam”
should be read w th a soft sound.

ِ ّٰ ‫ِ ا ّٰ ِ َا ُ ا‬ ِ ّٰ ‫َא‬ ِ ّٰ ‫ِא‬
ْ َ ُ ّٰ ‫َا‬
ُّٰ ‫َ ِכ َّ ا ّٰ َ َر ِ َ ا ّٰ ُ ِ ْ َ َ ا ّٰ ِ َر ُ ُل ا ّٰ ِ ُ َ ِّ ُ ا‬
ِ ّٰ ِ ‫و‬ ِ ّٰ ‫َ ا ّٰ ِ ٰا אت ا ّٰ ِ ِ ِ ْ ِ ا ّٰ ِ ِِא ْذ ِن ا‬
َ ُ ٰ ُ ْ
ِ ّٰ ‫َ ِאئ ِ ا‬ ِ ّٰ ‫ُ ا‬ ِ ّٰ ‫ِ َ ا‬ ِ ّٰ ‫אت ا ّٰ ِ ِ ِ ِ ا‬
ِ ‫ِ ٰا‬
َ َْ ْ ْ ْ ٰ ْ

20
 Call for the actual beg൴nn൴ng
Call for prayer (Adhan)
of prayer (Iqamah)

‫ ا اכ‬، ‫ا اכ‬
‫ ا اכ‬، ‫ا اכ‬
ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ
‫ ا اכ‬، ‫ا اכ‬
ِ ِ
ُ ّٰ ‫أ ْ َ ُ َا ْن َ ا ٰ َ ا َّ ا‬
َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ
ِ ّٰ ‫أَ ْ َ ُ َا ْن َ ِا ٰ َ ِا َّ ا‬
ِ ّٰ ‫ً ا ر ُل ا‬ َ
ُ َ َّ َ ُ ‫أ ْ َ ُ َا َّن‬ ِ ّٰ ‫أَ ْ َ ُ َا ْن َ ِا ٰ َ ِا َّ ا‬
‫َ َ َ ا َّ َ ِة‬
َّ ُ ّٰ ‫ُل ا‬
َ
ُ ‫أ ْ َ ُ َا َّن ُ َ َّ ً ا َر‬
‫َ َ َ ا ْ َ َ ِح‬ َ
َّ ُ ّٰ ‫ُل ا‬ ُ ‫أ ْ َ ُ اَ َّن ُ َ َّ ً ا َر‬
‫َ ْ َ א َ ِ ا َّ َ ِة‬ ‫َ َ َ ا َّ َ ِة‬
َّ
‫ ا اכ‬، ‫ا اכ‬ ‫َ َ َ ا َّ َ ِة‬
ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ َّ
ِ ِ ‫َ َ َ ا ْ َ َ ِح‬
ُ ّٰ ‫َ ا ٰ َ ا َّ ا‬ َّ
‫َ َ َ ا ْ َ َ ِح‬
َّ
‫ ا اכ‬، ‫ا اכ‬
ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ ُ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ
ِ ِ
ُ ّٰ ‫َ ا ٰ َ ا َّ ا‬
Invocat൴on rec൴ted after call f
or a prayer (Adhan)

21
 Short suppl൴cat൴ons rec൴ted
dur൴ng the prayer (Salat)

ِ ِ ْ‫ا‬
Th s s rec ted three or f ve t mes
dur ng the bow ng down (ruku‘).
َ َ ِّ ‫אن َر‬
َ َ ُْ

‫َ ْ َ ِ َ ُه‬ ِ ّٰ ‫ِ ا‬
Th s s rec ted wh le gett ng up
from the bow ng down (ruku‘).
ُ َ َ
ُ ْ َ ْ ‫َر َّ َא َ َכ ا‬
Th s s rec ted after completely stan-
d ng up from bow ng down (ruku‘).

َ ْ َ ْ ‫אن َر ِّ َ ا‬
Th s s rec ted three or f ve t mes
dur ng prostrat on. َ َ ُْ
Th s s rec ted at the end of prayer
ِ ّٰ ‫َا َ م َ ُכ ور ُ ا‬
َ ْ َ َ ْ ْ َ ُ َّ
when g v ng salutat ons to the
r ght and left s des.

‫اَ ّٰ ُ أَ ْ َ ا َّ َ ُم‬
َّ
َ ‫אر ْכ‬ ِ
َ َ َ ‫َو ْ َכ ا َّ َ ُم‬
Th s s rec ted after salutat on.

‫אَ َذ ْ َ َ ِل َو ِ ْכ ِام‬
َ

22
 ‫‪Suppl൴cat൴on rec൴ted for the open൴ng or after‬‬
‫)‪the f൴rst pra൴se dur൴ng prayer (Salat‬‬

‫ات َوا ْ َ ْر َض َ ِ ً א‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫َو َّ ْ ُ َو ْ ِ َ َّ ي َ َ َ ا َّ ٰ َ‬
‫ُ ْ ِ ً א َو َ א أَ َ ۨא ِ َ ا ْ ُ ْ ِ ِכ َ إ َِّن َ َ ِ َو ُ ُ ِכ‬
‫אى َو َ َ א ِ ِ ّٰ ِ َر ِّب ا ْ َ א َ ِ َ َ َ ِ َכ َ ُ َو ِ ٰ ِ َכ‬
‫َو َ ْ َ َ‬
‫ت وأَ َ ۨא ِ ا ْ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ ُْ‬ ‫أُ ْ ُ َ‬

‫‪Suppl൴cat൴on rec൴ted dur൴ng‬‬

‫)‪(Tashahud‬‬

‫ات ّٰ ِ‪،‬‬ ‫אت ا َ َ َ ُ‬

‫ِ‬
‫אت ّٰ ‪َ ،‬ا َّ ِّ َ ُ‬ ‫اכ َ ُ‬‫אت ِ ّٰ ِ‪ ،‬ا ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َا َّ ِ َّ ُ‬
‫َا َّ َ ُم َ َ َכ َا ُّ َ א ا َّ ِ َو َر ْ َ ُ ا ّٰ ِ َو َ َכא ُ ُ ‪َ ،‬ا َّ َ ُم‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ َ َא َو َ َ אد ا ّٰ ا َّ א َ ‪َ ،‬ا ْ َ ُ َا ْن ٰ ۤ ا ٰ َ ا َّ ا ّٰ ُ‪،‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫َو ْ َ ُه َ َ ِ ْ َכ َ ُ ‪َ ،‬و َا ْ َ ُ َا َّن ُ َ َّ ً ا َ ْ ُ ُه َو َر ُ ُ ُ‬

‫‪Salutat൴on to the prophet‬‬

‫َ َّ ْ َ‬ ‫ٰا ِل ُ َ َّ ٍ َכ َ א‬ ‫اَ ّٰ ُ َّ َ ّ ِ َ َ ُ َ َّ ٍ َو َ َ‬
‫ٍ‬ ‫َ َو َאرِ ْك َ َ‬ ‫َ ِإ ا ِ و َ ٰا ِل ِإ ا ِ‬
‫ُ َ َّ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َْ َ َ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َ ٰا ِل‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ َ ِإ ْ َ ا َ َو َ‬ ‫אر ْכ َ‬‫َو َ َ ٰال ُ َ َّ َכ َ א َ َ‬
‫ِإ ْ َ ا ِ َ ِإ َّ َכ َ ِ ٌ َ ِ ٌ‬

‫‪23‬‬
Suppl൴cat൴on rec൴ted dur൴ng the last stat൴on
of the n൴ght prayer (Salat’al-Tahajud)

Suppl൴catıon of the last s൴tt൴ng

24
 PILLARS OF FAITH

‫ا اכ‬
ْ َ ْ َ ُ ّٰ َ
‫ّٰ ِ َو َ َ ٓ ِئ َכ ِ ِ َو ُכ ُ ِ ِ َو ُر ُ ِ ِ َوا ْ ْ ِم ا ْ ِ ِ َو ِא ْ َ َ رِ َ ِ ِه‬ ‫ٰا َ ْ ُ ِא‬
ْ َ
‫َ ا ّٰ ِ َ َ א َ َوا ْ ْ ُ َ ْ َ ا ْ َ ْ ِت َ ٌّ ۝ َا ْ َ ُ اَ ْن‬ ِ ‫و َ ِ ِه‬
َ ّ َ
‫ا ّٰ ُ ۝ َواَ ْ َ ُ اَ َّن ُ َ َّ ً ا َ ُ ُه َو َر ُ ُ ُ ۝‬
ْ َّ ‫ٓ ِا ٰ َ ِا‬
I bel eve n Allah, n H s angels, n H s books, n H s messengers, n the Last
Day (Day of Judgment) and n the fact that everyth ng good or bad s dec ded
by Allah, the Alm ghty, and I also heart ly bel eve n l fe after death (and
resurrect on). All of them are true and r ght. I w tness that there s no god but
Allah and I w tness that Hazrat Muhammad s h s slave and messenger.

SURAT AL-FATIHA:
THE OPENING

﴾٢﴿ ۪ َ ‫ِ ّٰ ِ ر ِب ا ْ א‬ ُ ْ َ ْ ‫﴾ َا‬١﴿ ِ ِ َّ ‫ّٰ ِ ا َّ ْ ٰ ِ ا‬ ‫ِْ ِ ا‬

َ َ ّ َ
‫﴾ ِا َّא َك َ ْ ُ َو ِا َّא َك‬٤﴿ ِ ّ ۪ ‫﴾ َ א ِ ِכ َ ْ ِم ا‬٣﴿ ِ ۪ ‫ِ ا‬ ٰ ْ َّ َ‫ا‬
ُ َّ
۪ َ ِ ﴾٦﴿ ۪ ْ ‫اط ا‬ ِ ِ ِ ۪ َ
َ َّ ‫اط ا‬ َ َ َ ْ ُ َ َ ّ ‫﴾ ا ْ َא ا‬٥﴿ ُ َ ْ
﴾٧﴿ ٓ ّ ۪ ‫و َ ا َّ א‬ ِ َ َ ‫َ َ َ ِ َ ِ ا ْ َ ْ ُ ِب‬
َ َ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ ْ َ ْ ‫َا‬
In the name of Allah, the nf n tely Compass onate and Merc ful. Pra se be to
God, Lord of all the worlds. The Compass onate, the Merc ful. Ruler on the Day
of Reckon ng. You alone do we worsh p, and You alone do we ask for help. Gu de
us on the stra ght path, the path of those who have rece ved your grace; not the
path of those who have brought down wrath, nor of those who wander astray.

25
 ‫‪SURAT AL-FIL: THE ELEPHANT‬‬

‫ِ ﴿‪ ﴾١‬ا‬ ‫אب ا ْ ۪‬
‫ََ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َر ُّ َכ ِ َא ْ َ‬ ‫َََ‬ ‫اَ َ ْ َ َ َכ ْ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫۪‬ ‫۪‬
‫َ َ َْ ْ‬ ‫َ ْ ٍ ﴿‪َ ﴾٢‬واَ ْر َ‬ ‫כ‬
‫َ ْ َ ْ َْ َ ُ ْ‬
‫ْ ِ ّ۪ ٍ‬ ‫َ ۪ ِ ِ ِ אر ٍة ِ‬ ‫َ ا اَ א ۪ َ ﴿‪﴾٣‬‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ًْ َ‬
‫ل ﴿‪﴾٥‬‬ ‫ٍ ْא ُכ ٍ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ ُ ْ َכ َ‬ ‫﴿‪﴾٤‬‬

‫‪SURAT QURAYSH: THE QURAYSH‬‬

‫رِ َ َ ا ِ ّ ِ‬
‫אء‬ ‫﴿‪۪ ﴾١‬ا َ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ۪ َ ِف ُ ٍ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫ِ ﴿‪﴾٣‬‬ ‫ا ا‬ ‫َ ْ ْ ُ وا َر َّب‬ ‫وا ِ‬
‫ٰ َ َْْ‬
‫﴿‪﴾٢‬‬
‫َ ُ‬ ‫َ َّ ْ‬
‫َ ٍف ﴿‪﴾٤‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ْ ُ ٍع َو ٰا َ َُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ا‬
‫َ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫َا َّ ۪‬
‫ْ ْ ْ‬ ‫ََ ُْ‬

‫‪26‬‬
 SURAT AL- MA’UN:
THE SMALL KINDNESS

‫ا َّ ۪ ي‬ ‫﴾ َ ٰ ِ َכ‬١﴿ ِ ّ ۪ ‫ِ ّ ُب ِא‬ ‫َا َر َا ْ َ ا َّ ۪ ي ُ َכ‬

ِ ‫۪כ‬ ِ ْ ‫ُّ ٰ َ ِאم ا‬ َ ‫﴾ َو‬٢﴿ َ ۪ َ ْ ‫َ ُ ُّع ا‬
ْ َ َ ُ َ
ِِ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ ۪ َّ ‫﴾ َا‬٤﴿ َ ّ ۪ َ ُ ْ ِ ٌ ْ َ َ ﴾٣﴿
ْ
‫ُ َن‬ َ ْ َ ‫﴾ َو‬٦﴿ ‫َ ُ ْ ُ َ ُۧاؤ َن‬ ۪ َّ ‫﴾ َا‬٥﴿ ‫א ُ َن‬
َ
﴾٧﴿ ‫ا ْ َ א ُ َن‬

SURAT AL- KAWTHAR:

THE ABUNDANCE

﴾٢﴿ ِ
َْ ْ ‫َ َ ّ ِ َ ّ َِכ َوا‬ ََ ْ ‫ِا َّא َا ْ َ ْ َא َك ا ْ َכ‬
﴾١﴿

ِ ِ
﴾٣﴿
َُ ْ َ ْ ‫ا َّن َ א َئ َכ ُ َ ا‬

27
 ‫‪SURAT AL-KAFIROON:‬‬
‫‪THE DISBELIEVERS‬‬

‫﴿‪﴾٢‬‬ ‫ون‬
‫ون ﴿‪َ َ ﴾١‬ا ْ ُ ُ َ א َ ْ ُ ُ َ‬ ‫ُ ْ َא َا ُّ َ א ا ْ َכא ِ ُ َ‬
‫ون َ א َا ْ ُ ﴿‪َ ﴾٣‬و َ َا َ ۨא َ א ِ ٌ َ א‬ ‫َو َ َا ْ ُ ْ َ א ِ ُ َ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ون َ א اَ ْ ُ ﴿‪ ﴾٥‬כ‬ ‫َ َ ْ ُ ْ ﴿‪َ ﴾٤‬و َ اَ ْ ُ ْ َ א ِ ُ َ‬
‫َ ُْ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫۪د ِ ﴿‪﴾٦‬‬ ‫۪د ُ ُכ و ِ‬
‫ْ َ َ‬

‫‪SURAT AN-NASR: THE SUCCOUR‬‬

‫אس‬ ‫ِا َذا אء َ ا ّٰ ِ‬

‫﴿‪َ ﴾١‬و َراَ ْ َ ا َّ َ‬ ‫َ ْ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬
‫َ َ ْ ُ‬
‫אً ﴿‪ِ ِ ِ َ ﴾٢‬‬
‫َ ّ ْ َ ْ‬ ‫َ ْ ُ ُ َن ۪ ۪د ِ ا ّٰ ِ اَ ْ َ ا‬
‫َ ا אً ﴿‪﴾٣‬‬ ‫אن‬ ‫כ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َر ّ َِכ َوا ْ َ ْ ِ ْ ُه َّ ُ َ َ‬
‫ا‬ ‫ط‬
‫َّ‬

‫‪28‬‬
 SURAT AL-MASAD: THE PALM FIBER

ُ ُ ‫﴾ َ א َا ْ ٰ َ ْ ُ َ א‬١﴿ َّ َ ‫َ َّ ْ َ َ ا َا ۪ َ َ ٍ َو‬
﴾٣﴿ ٍ
َ َ ‫ات‬
َ ‫אرا َذ‬ ً َ ٰ ْ َ َ ﴾٢﴿ َ َ ‫َو َ א َכ‬
ٌ ْ َ ‫﴾ ۪ ۪ ِ َ א‬٤﴿ ِ َ َ ْ ‫َوا ْ َ َا ُ ُ ط َ َّ א َ َ ا‬
﴾٥﴿ ٍ ِ
َ َ ْ

SURAT AL-IKHLAS: THE SINCERITY

َِْ َْ ﴾٢﴿ ُ َ َّ ‫﴾ َا ّٰ ُ ا‬١﴿ ٌ َ ‫ُ ْ ُ َ ا ّٰ ُ َا‬

﴾٤﴿ ٌ َ ‫﴾ َو َ ْ َ ُכ ْ َ ُ ُכ ُ ً ا َا‬٣﴿ ْ َ ُ ْ َ ‫َو‬

29
 ‫‪SURAT AL-FALAQ: THE DAYBREAK‬‬

‫َ ِّ َ א َ َ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِّب ا ْ َ َ ِ‬ ‫ُ ْ َا ُ ُذ‬

‫ْ‬ ‫﴿‪﴾١‬‬
‫َ‬
‫﴿‪َ ﴾٣‬و ِ ْ َ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫َ ِّ َ א ٍ ا َذا َو َ َ‬ ‫﴿‪َ ﴾٢‬و ْ‬
‫َ ِ َ א ِ ٍ ِا َذا‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ا ْ ُ َ ﴿‪َ ﴾٤‬و ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ا َّ א َ ِ‬
‫אت‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ّ‬
‫﴿‪﴾٥‬‬ ‫َ َ َ‬

‫‪SURAT AN-NAS: THE MANKIND‬‬

‫אس ﴿‪ِ ِ ﴾١‬כ ا ِ‬

‫אس‬ ‫ُ ْ َا ُذ ِ ِب ا ِ‬
‫﴿‪﴾٢‬‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ّ َّ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ِاس ا ْ َ ِ‬
‫אس‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫אس ﴿‪ِ ﴾٣‬‬ ‫ِا ٰ ِ ا ِ‬
‫َّ‬ ‫ّ َ ْ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِس ۪‬ ‫﴿‪َ ﴾٤‬ا َّ ۪‬
‫ُ ُ ورِ ا َّאس ﴿‪َ ﴾٥‬‬ ‫َُ ْ ُ‬ ‫ي‬
‫אس ﴿‪﴾٦‬‬‫ا ْ ِ ِ وا ِ‬
‫َّ َ َّ‬

‫‪30‬‬
 AYAT AL-KOURSI:
THE THRONE VERSE

‫َ ْ ٌم ؕ َ ُ َ א‬ َ ‫ِا ٰ َ ِا َّ ُ َ ۚ َا ْ َ ُّ ا ْ َ ُّ ُ ۚم َ َ ْ ُ ُ ُه ِ َ ٌ َو‬ ٓ َ ّٰ ‫َا‬

ُ
َّ ‫ِ ْ َ ُ ٓه ِا‬ ؕ ِ ِ
ُ َ ْ َ ‫َّ ٰ َ ات َو َ א ا ْ َ ْرض َ ْ َذا ا َّ ي‬
ِ ‫ِ ا‬

‫َن ِ َ ٍء‬ ُ َ ‫َ ْ َ َا ْ ِ ْ َو َ א َ ْ َ ُ ْ ۚ َو‬

ُ ‫ؕ َ ْ َ َא‬ ِ ‫ِِא ْذ‬
ْ ُ
ِ
ۚ َ ‫ات َوا ْ َ ْر‬
‫ض‬ ِ
َ ٰ َّ ‫אء َو َ ُכ ْ ُّ ُ ا‬
ِ ۚ َٓ ‫ِ א‬
َ َ َّ ‫ِ ْ ِ ٓ ِا‬ ْ
ِ

‫אۚ و ا ِ ا‬
ُ َ ْ ُّ َ ْ َ ُ َ َ ُ ُ ْ ِ ‫َو َ َ ُۧ ُد ُه‬

In the name of Allah the Most Merc ful, and Inf n tely Compass onate
Allah, There s no god but He, The L v ng, the Everlast ng, Slumber
se zes H m not, ne ther sleep, To H m belongs all that s n the heavens
and the earth. Who s there that can ntercede w th H s, except by H s
leave? He knows what l es before them and what s after them, And they
comprehend not anyth ng of H s Knowledge save as He w lls. H s throne
compr ses the heavens and the earth, The preserv ng of them fat gues H m
not, And He s the All-H gh, All-Glor ous.

31
 FUNDAMENTALS TO BE KNOWN

(Amantu) The Pillars of Belief: 3- Rubbing the body while washing.

1- Belief in Allah’s existence and oneness. 4- Ensuring that the water penetrates any
2- Belief in Allah’s angels. and all hair on the body.
3- Belief in the books sent by Allah. 5- Washing the entire body without leaving
4- Belief in Allah’s prophets. and dry spot. According to the Maliki
5- Belief in the Last Day and the Resurrection School, the mouth, the nose, the ear canal
after death. and the eyes are not included in ‘the
6- Belief that the Good and the Bad come body’, rather, what is required, in their
from Allah. view, is that one wash the outside of the
entire body.
The Pillars of Islam:
1- Saying the shahadah. The Fard (Obligatory) Acts of
2- Fasting in Ramadan. Tayammum (dry ablution):
3- Praying five times a day. 1- First, stating the intention in the heart to
4- Making the Hajj, if it is fard (necessary) perform tayammum to make it permissible
for you. either to perform ritual prayer, touch the
5- The paying of zakat (charity) by the rich Qur’an, or engage in some other act of
on their wealth, once a year. worship which requires ritual purity.
2- Second, using “purifying dust”, that is,
The Fard (Obligatory) Acts of Wudu’ soil which has never been contaminated
(Minor Ablution): by ritual impurity
1- Stating the intention in the heart to 3- Third striking clean soil once.
perform wudu’ 4- Fourth wiping the entire face and hands
2- Washing the face once. up to the wrists
3- Washing the arms up to and including the 5- Fifth maintaining continuity, not only
elbows. between the various actions included in
4- Wiping the whole head. the dry ablution itself, but also between
5- Washing the feet up to the ankles. the dry ablution and for whatever the act
6- Doing all the above-mentioned acts one of worship it is performed.
after another without giving a break
between them The Fard (Obligatory) Acts of Salah (the
7- Rubbing the limbs gently while washing Prayer):
to be sure that water contacts the skin A. Condition for prayer to be obligatory:
1- In order for prayer to be obligatory
The Fard (Obligatory) Acts of Ghusl (wajib) only one condition must be met.
(major ablution): This condition is that the person who
1- Stating the intention in the heart to performs the prayer has to have reached
perform ghusl the age of puberty.
2- As in ablution, doing all the acts of ghusl
one after another without giving a break.

32