PROJECT : PAGE :

CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Cellular Beam Design Based on AISC 360-10/16

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

BEAM SIZE W21X83
CELL DIAMETER D= 6 in, (152 mm)
CELL PITCH ( 1.25 D to 1.5 D) S= 9 in, (229 mm)

STEEL YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi, (345 MPa)

AXIAL COMPRESSION FORCE Pr = 60 kips, (267 kN), ASD ( 12% steel weight saved.)
STRONG AXIS EFFECTIVE LENGTH kLx = 28 ft, (8.53 m)
WEAK AXIS EFFECTIVE LENGTH kLy = 8 ft, (2.44 m) THE DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.

STRONG AXIS BENDING MOMENT Mrx = 50 ft-kips, (68 kN-m), ASD

STRONG AXIS BENDING UNBRACED LENGTH Lb = 8 ft, (2.44 m), (AISC 360 F2.2.c)
STRONG DIRECTION SHEAR LOAD, ASD Vstrong = 25 kips, (111 kN)

WEAK AXIS BENDING MOMENT Mry = 10 ft-kips, (14 kN-m), ASD

WEAK DIRECTION SHEAR LOAD, ASD Vweak = 200 kips, (890 kN)

ANALYSIS
CHECK FULL SECTION CAPACITY, AT WEB OPENING, USING STRAIN-COMPATIBILITY METHOD (AISC 360 H1)

 P r 8  M rx M ry  P r 0.2
     , for
P
 c 9 M
 cx M cy  P c
 0.31 < 1.0 [Satisfactory]

 P r  M rx M ry  Pr
    , for  0.2

 2 P c  M cx M cy  Pc

Where Pc = Pn / Wc = 867 / 1.67 = 519.32 kips, (AISC 360 Chapter E)

> Pr [Satisfactory]
Mcx = Mn / Wb = 682.82 / 1.67 = 408.88 ft-kips, (AISC 360 Chapter F)
> Mrx [Satisfactory]
Mcy = Mn / Wb = 125.43 / 1.67 = 75.11 ft-kips, (AISC 360 Chapter F)
> Mry [Satisfactory]

CHECK T-SHAPE CAPACITY AT WEB OPENINGS (AISC 360 H1)

0.5 (bf - tw) / tf = 4.70 < 1.0 (E / Fy)0.5 = 24.08 [Satisfactory]
(AISC 360 Table B4.1)
dT / tw = 14.95 < 0.75 (E / Fy)0.5 = 18.06 [Satisfactory]

 P r 8  M r ,x M r , y  P r 0.2
     , for
 P c 9  M c, x M c, y  Pc
  0.97 < 1.0 [Satisfactory]
 P r  M r ,x M r , y  P r  0.2
    , for

 2 P c  M c, x M c, y  Pc

Where Pc = Pn / Wc = 341 / 1.67 = 203.99 kips, (AISC 360 Chapter E4a or D2)
> 0.5 Pr = 30.00 kips [Satisfactory]
Mc,x = Mn / Wb = 54.64 / 1.67 = 32.72 ft-kips, (AISC 360 F9)
> 0.5 Mr,x= 25.00 ft-kips [Satisfactory]
Mc,y = Mn / Wb = 62.69 / 1.67 = 37.54 ft-kips, (AISC 360 F6)
> 0.5 Mr,y= 5.00 ft-kips [Satisfactory]

CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY (AISC 360 G2)

Vn,strong / Wv = 237.9 / 1.67 = 142.5 kips > Vstrong = 25.0 kips [Satisfactory]

Vn,weak / Wv = 418.8 / 1.67 = 250.8 kips > Vweak = 200.0 kips [Satisfactory]
 ROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
Plate Girder Design Based on AISC Manual 13th Edition (AISC 360-05)

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

STEEL YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi
SIMPLY SUPPORTED SPAN S= 8 ft
SUPERIMPOSED UNIFORM DEAD LOAD DL = kips / ft
UNIFORM LIVE LOAD LL = kips / ft
POINT DEAD LOAD PDL = kips
POINT LIVE LOAD PLL = kips
DISTANCE POINT LOAD TO END c= ft
TOP FLANGE WIDTH bf,top = 8.36 in
TOP FLANGE THICKNESS tf,top = 0.835 in
BOTTOM FLANGE WIDTH bf,bot = 8.36 in
BOTTOM FLANGE THICKNESS tf,bot = 0.835 in
WEB THICKNESS tw = 0.515 in
BEAM DEPTH d= 21.4 in 1/4 x 3 STIFFENER, E. SIDES, AT SUPPORTS ONLY.
UNBRACED LENGTH Lb = 8 ft FLANGE TO WEB WELDING USE 5/16 in - 24 in @ 9789.5 in o.c.

THE GIRDER DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.

ANALYSIS
CHECK LIMITING WIDTH-THICKNESS RATIOS FOR WEB (AISC 365-05 Table B4.1)
h c / tw = 38.31 < lr = 137.27
< lp = 90.55
Compact Web
where E= 29000 ksi
lr = 5.7 (E / Fy)0.5 = 137.27
lp = (hc / hp) (E / Fy)0.5 / (0.54 Mp / My -0.09)2 = 172.34 ,for Af,top ≠ Af,bot
lp = 3.76 (E / Fy)0.5 = 90.55 ,for Af,top = Af,bot
hc = 19.73 in hp = 14.08 in
Mp = 699.3 ft-kips My = 709.0 ft-kips

CHECK LIMITING WIDTH-THICKNESS RATIOS FOR FLANGES (AISC 365-05 Table B4.1)
0.5 bf,top / tf,top = 5.01 < lr = 22.67
< lp = 9.15
Compact Flanges
where lr = 1.0 (kc E / FL)0.5 = 22.67
lp = 0.38 (E / Fy)0.5 = 9.15
kc = Min [0.76 , Max (0.35 , 4 / (h / hw)0.5 )] = 0.62
Sxt = 170 in3 Sxc = 170 in3
FL = 35 ksi, (AISC 360-05 Table note B4.1 & Eq F4-6)

DETERMINE CRITERIA FOR ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH (AISC 365-05 Table F1.1)

Chapter F Sections
Required Conditions F2 F3 F4 F5
Double Symmetric x x
Compact Web x x
x
Noncompact Web
Slender Web Mallowable = Mn / Wb = 408.9 ft-kips
Compact Flanges x ( from following analysis)
Noncompact Flanges
Slender Flanges
Applicable Section ok

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , M n / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F2

E 6.92 ft
L p 1.76r y 
Fy

2
E Jc  0.7 F y S x h 0  E
L r 1.95r ts 1  1  6.76   r ts  20.28 ft
0.7 F y S x h0  E Jc  0.7 F y
 2
E Jc  0.7 F y S x h 0  E
L r 1.95r ts 1  1  6.76   r ts 
0.7 F y S x h0  E Jc  0.7 F y

where ry = 1.96 in Sx = 170 in3
h0 = 20.56 in Iy = 81 in4
 (cont'd)
Cw = Iy h02 / 4 = 8599.19 , (AISC 365-05 F2.2)
J = [ 2 bf tf3 + (d - tf) tf3] / 3 = 4.18103 in4, (Galambos 1968)
(Use J= 4.34 in4 )
rts =[( Iy Cw)0.5/ Sx)]0.5 = 2.22 in
c= 1.0 Cb = 1.0 , (AISC Manual 13th Table 3-1, page 3-10)

2
C b 2E Jc  L b 
F cr  2
1  0.078    165.902 ksi
 Lb  S x h 0  r ts 
 
 r ts 

 M p , for L b L p

    Lb  L p   
M n, F 2  Min  C b  M p  M p  0.7 F y S x 
   , M p  , for L p  L b L r
  682.8 ft-kips
 L
 r  L p  
  


 Min  F S
cr x , M p  , for L r  L b

Mallowable, F2 =Mn / Wb = 408.9 ft-kips where Wb = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 F1)

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , M n / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F3

<== Not Applicable.

     pf  
  M p  M p  0.7 F y S x  , for Noncompact Flanges
    rf   pf  
M n, F 3     761.5 ft-kips
 0.9 E k c S x
 , for Slender Flanges
 2
where l = bf / (2 tf) = 5.01
lpf = lp = 9.15 lrf = lr = 22.67

Mallowable, F3 =Min(Mn,F2 , Mn,F3) / Wb = 408.9 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , M n / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F4

<== Not Applicable.

E 4.91 ft
L p 1.1r t 
Fy

2
E J  S h 
L r 1.95r t 1  1  6.76 F L xc 0   20.36 ft
FL S xc h 0  E J 

where aw =hc tw/ (bfc tfc) = 1.46

b fc
rt   2.23 in
 1 2 
12  h 0  a w h 
 d 6 h 0d 

Mp = Min [Zx Fy , 1.6Sxc Fy ] = 699.279 ft-kips

Myc = Sxc Fy = 709.007 ft-kips Myt = Sxt Fy = 709.007 ft-kips
l = h c / tw = 39.93
lpw = lp = 172.34 lrw = lr = 137.27

Mp
 , for h c / t w  pw
 M yc
R pc   0.98628
 Min  M p   M p  1     pw  , M p  , for h c / t w   pw
      
  M yc  M yc    rw   pw  M yc 

2
C b 2E J  Lb 
F cr  2
1  0.078    167.136 ksi, (for Iyc / Iy = 0.50 > 0.23, AISC 360-05 F4-5 )
 Lb  S xc h 0  r t 
 
 rt 

 R pc M yc , for L b L p

    Lb  L p   
M n, F 4.2  Min  C b  R pc M yc   R pc M yc  F L S xc     , R pc M yc  , for L p  L b L r
  658.7187 ft-kips
    L r L p   

 Min  F S
cr xc , R pc M yc  , for L r  L b
 (cont'd)
 R pc M yc , for Compact Flanges

     pf 
 R pc M yc   R pc M yc  F L S xc    , for Noncompact Flanges

M n, F 5.3     rf   pf  699.279 ft-kips
  

 0.9 E k c S xc
 , for Slender Flanges
 2
M p
 , for h c / t w  pw
 M yt
R pt   0.98628
 Min  M p   M p  1     pw  , M p  , for h c / t w   pw
      
  M yt  M yt    rw   pw  M yt 

Mallowable, F4 = Min( Mn,F4.2 , Mn,F4.3, RptMyt) / Wb = 394.4 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE FLEXURAL STRENGTH , M n / Wb , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter F5

<== Not Applicable.
E
L r  r t  16.77 ft
0.7 F y

 F y , for L b L p

    Lb  L p   
 Min  C b  F y  0.3F y  
  , F y  ,

for L p  Lb Lr
  
  L r L p  
 

F cr , F 5.2     46.0966 ksi
  
  C b 2E 
 Min  2
, F y  , for L r Lb
   Lb  
  r  
  t  

 F y , for Compact Flanges


     pf  
  F y  0.3F y    , for Noncompact Flanges
    rf   pf  
F cr , F 5.3   50 ksi
 0.9 E k c , for Slender Flanges
 2
  b f 
  2t f 
 
 Min a w , 10  h E  
R pg Min  1   c  5.7  , 1.0   1
 1200  300 Min a w , 10   t w 
Fy  
  
Mallowable, F5 = Min( RpgFySxc , RpgFcr,F5.2Sxc , RpgFcr,F5.3Sxc , FySxt) / Wb = 391.4 ft-kips

DETERMINE ALLOWABLE SHEAR STRENGTH , Vn / Wv , BASED ON AISC 365-05 Chapter G2

h = d - tf,top - tf,bot = 20 in , h / tw = 38 , Aw = 7.93 in2 ,

a= 7.8 ft 
1.0 , for h / t w1.10 k vE
 5  Fy
5 2
, for a / h3 
kv   a / h    1.10 k vE E E
5.00 Cv  , for 1.10 k v h / t w1.37 k v  1.000
 h /tw F y Fy Fy
5 , for a / h 3 
Vn = 0.6 FyAwCv = 237.93 kips  1.51E k v , for 1.37 k vE h /
 h/ 2 tw
 t w F y
 Fy

Vallowable = Vn / Wv = 142.473 kips Wv = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 G1)

TOTAL SUPERIMPOSED GRAVITY LOAD

w = DL + LL = 0.000 kips / ft , P = PDL + PLL = 0.00 kips

CHECK EACH SECTION CAPACITIES

Section Left 0.00 S 0.00 S 0.00 S 0.00 S 0.00 S Point 0.17 S 0.33 S 0.50 S 0.67 S 0.83 S Right
Distance 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.33 2.67 4.00 5.33 6.67 8.00
d (in) 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21
y (in) 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11
I (in4) 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807 1807
Wt (plf) 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.6
V (kips) 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.29 0.00 -0.19 -0.10 0.00 0.10 0.19 0.29
M (ft-k) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0
 (cont'd)

BENDING LOADS & CAPACITY

0
-100

Moments
-200
-300
-400
-500
Length

Mmax = 0.5725419 ft-kips @ 4.00 ft, from heel.

< Mallowable = 408.875 ft-kips
[Satisfactory]

SHEAR LOADS & CAPACITY

-141.00
Shear Forces

-141.50
-142.00
-142.50
-143.00
Length

Vmax = 0.29 kips @ 8.00 ft, from heel.

< Vallowable = 142.473 kips [Satisfactory]

DETERMINE DEFLECTION AT MID SPAN

4
5w L 0.06415 Pb
L 2  b 2  
3/ 2
 DL   0.00 in ( L / 762531 )
384 EI EIL (for camber, self Wt included.)

where E= 29000 ksi w= 0.072 kips / ft

I= 1807 in4 P= 0 kips
b= 0.3 ft L= 8.0 ft

4
5w L 0.06415 Pb
L 2 b 2  
3/ 2
 LL   0.00 #DIV/0!
384 EI EIL

where P= 0 kips w= 0.000 kips / ft

DETERMINE FLANGE TO WEB WELDING (AISC 360-05 J2.4 )

w= 5/16 in
wmin = 3/16 in, < w
wmax = 7/16 in, > w
W= 2.0
Vmax = 0.29 kips
Q = Af(d - y - 0.5 tf,top) = 72 in3
vmax = Vmax Q / I = 0.01 kips / in

A= 24 in B
0.6 F EXX 0.707 w  A  9790 in. o.c.
v max 
USE 5/16 in - 24 in @ 9789.5 in o.c.

DESIGN STIFFENERS

1. BEARING STIFFENERS ARE REQUIRED AT EACH END SUPPORT. (AISC 360-05, J10.8)

2. CHECK LOCAL WEB YIELDING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.2)
R=P= 0.00 kips
N= 0 in, bearing length, point.
k = tf,top + w = 1.15 in
W= 1.5

 R
 , for c  d
 t w N 5k 
  0.00 < Fy / W [Satisfactory]
 R
, for c d
 t w  N  2.5 k 

 (cont'd)
3. CHECK WEB CRIPPLING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.3)

W= 2.0
  1.5 
 2  N  t w   EF ywt f
0.80t w  13 d
  
 t f   tw
, for c0.5 d
  
R n /  1 /    162.67 > P [Satisfactory]
  1.5 
0.40t 2w  13 N  t w   EF ywt f
   , for c0.5 d
   d  t f   tw

  

(Note : If item 2, local web yielding is Satisfactory, this item does not need to be checked.)

4. CHECK SIDESWAY WEB BUCKING FOR THE CONCENTRATED LOAD. (AISC 360-05, J10.4)
dc = d - 2k = 19.10 in
Cr = 960000 ksi
(dc / tw ) / (l / bf) = 3.23
W= 1.76
 3  3
 C r t wt f  0.4 d c / t w   , for d c / t w 1.7
 h 2   l /b f   l /b f
    
 3
 C r t 3wt f    
R n /  1 /    10.4 d c / t w   , for 1.7d c / t w 2.3  0.00 > P [Satisfactory]
 h
2   l /b f   l /b f
   

 d c /tw
P , for l / 2.3
 bf



(Note : If item 2, local web yielding is Satisfactory, this item does not need to be checked.)

5. DETERMINE STIFFENER SIZE.

tw = 1/4 in , bst = 3 in

bst / tw = 12.00 < 0.56 (E / Fy)0.5 , (AISC 360-05 Table B4.1)

[Satisfactory]
Ag = 4.68 in2 , I= 6 in4

R= 0.3 kips
Wc = 1.67 , (AISC 365-05 E1)
Kl/r= 0.75 h / ( I / Aeff)0.5 = 13.3
Cc = 4.71 (E/ Fy)0.5 = 113

Fe 
 2E  1627.79 ksi
kl / r 2
 Fy kl
  0.658 F e  F y , for C c
 r
R n / c  A g / c     138.4 kips, (AISC 360-05 E2)
 kl
 0.877 F e , for r  Cc > R [Satisfactory]

Techincal Reference:
1. AISC: "Steel Construction Manual 13th Edition", American Institute of Steel Construction, 2005.
 PROJECT : PAGE :
CLIENT : DESIGN BY :
JOB NO. : DATE : REVIEW BY :
T-Shape Member Capacity Based on AISC 360-05

INPUT DATA & DESIGN SUMMARY

T-SHAPE SIZE bf = 8.36 in tf = 0.835 in A= 10.5 in2
d= 7.7 in tw = 0.515 in y= 1.71 in
yp = 0.63 in
STEEL YIELD STRESS Fy = 50 ksi Ix = 49 in4
Iy = 41 in4
AXIAL FORCE (plus sign for compression) P= 30 kips, ASD
STRONG GEOMETRIC AXIS EFFECTIVE LENGTH kLx = 0.5 ft
WEAK GEOMETRIC AXIS EFFECTIVE LENGTH kLy = 0.5 ft

STRONG GEOMETRIC AXIS BENDING MOMENT Mrx = 25 ft-kips, ASD, THE STEM IN TENSION ? Yes (stem tension)
STRONG GEOMETRIC AXIS BENDING UNBRACED LENGTH Lbx = 0.5 ft, (AISC 360-05 F9.2 & F2.2.c)
STRONG DIRECTION SHEAR LOAD, ASD Vstrong = kips

WEAK GEOMETRIC AXIS BENDING MOMENT Mry = 5 ft-kips, ASD

WEAK GEOMETRIC AXIS BENDING UNBRACED LENGTH Lby = 0.5 ft
WEAK DIRECTION SHEAR LOAD, ASD Vweak = kips

THE DESIGN IS ADEQUATE.

ANALYSIS
CHECK LIMITING WIDTH-THICKNESS RATIOS (AISC 360-05, Table B4.1)

CHECK COMBINED COMPRESSION AND BENDING CAPACITY (AISC 360-05, H1)

CHECK SHEAR CAPACITY (AISC 360-05, G2)

Vn,strong / Wv = 119.0 / 1.67 = 71.2 kips > Vstrong = 0.0 kips [Satisfactory]

Vn,weak / Wv = 209.4 / 1.67 = 125.4 kips > Vweak = 0.0 kips [Satisfactory]