) D - S ,

A R C H I V
I D R C - 2 6 8 e
D E V E N D
1 8 0 0 5
G o a t M e a t P r o d u c t i o n
i n A s i a
P r o c e e d i n g s o f a w o r k s h o p
h e l d i n T a n d o J a m , P a k i s t a n ,
1 3 - 1 8 M a r c h 1 9 8 8
P r o c e e d i n g s
C A N A D A










G o a t M e a t P r o d u c t i o n




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1 6
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Table 2 . H eri tabi li ty esti mates for body wei ghts at di fferent ages.
Breed' Bi rth 3 months 6 months 9 months 1 2 months
Alpi ne x
Beetal (1 ) 0.2 7 0.03 0.93 0.1 2 0.71 0.1 0 1 .00 0.1 4 0.6 0 0.09
Beetal (2 ) 0.2 4 0.03 - 0.4 3 0.1 0 0.86 0.1 7 0.4 0 0.1 6
I x Et (3) 0.30 0.1 1 0.1 7 0.2 3c 0.08 0.1 0 - -
0.1 0 0.1 1 4
Si rohi (4 ) 0.2 9 0.1 6 0.1 1 0.1 2 0.32 0.1 8 - -
Black
Bengal (5 ) 0.07 0.01 0.1 5 0.04 4 - 0.2 1 0.06 0.32 0.08
Jamunapari (6 ) 0.4 6 } 0.1 5 0.4 3 0.1 5 0.2 5 0.1 3 0.1 3 0.1 0 0.1 3 0.1 7
P ooled h2 0.1 1 0.01 0.2 2 0.03 0.4 3 0.05 0.33 0.05 0.4 1 0.05
' V alues i n parentheses i ndi cate the source of the data: 1 , Nagpal
and Chawla 1 987a; 2 , Nagpal and Chawla 1 987b; 3, D e Souz a et al. 1 986 ;
4 , Mi sra 1 983; 5 , Gupta et al. 1 96 8; 6 , CIR G 1 986 .
bCrosses among descri pt i ndi genous (I) and ex oti c (E) breeds.
c6 0 days.
d1 2 0 days.
1 8


















































1 9
T
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3
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g
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Table 4 . Wei ghted means ( SE) for some i mportant carcass
characteri sti cs of goat breeds i n Indi a.
Slaughter
age
Slaughter
wei ght
H ot carcass
wei ght D ressi ng Bone
(months) (kg) (kg) % %
5 1 5 .6 1 .0(30)
Beetal
6 .7 0.5 (30) 4 2 .7(30) -
9 1 5 .4 0.7(37) 7.7 0.3(37) 4 9.7(37) -
1 2 2 0.3 4 .8(3) 4 .3 2 .7(3) 4 6 .2 (3) 2 3.2 1 .8(3)
1 2 1 9.5 0.6 (1 1 )
Barbari
1 0.8 0.5 (1 1 ) 5 5 .4 (1 1 )
1 8 2 1 .1 0.5 (1 6 ) 1 0.5 0.3(1 6 ) 4 9.9(1 6 ) 1 6 .9(1 6 )
6 1 5 .6 1 .7(5 )
Jamunapari
7.4 0.9(5 ) 4 4 .6 (5 )
9 2 4 .0 1 .6 (5 ) 1 1 .6 0.7(5 ) 4 8.2 (5 )
1 2 2 2 .9 0.5 (1 7) 1 0.4 0.2 (1 7) 4 5 .5 (1 7) 2 1 .3(1 7)
1 2 2 2 .5 1 .0(4 ) 1 0.4 0.4 (4 ) 4 6 .2 (4 ) 1 9.5 0.7(4 )
1 4 .5 -1 8.5 2 3.4 2 .8(5 ) 1 1 .1 1 .5 (5 ) 4 7.3(5 ) -
Si rohi
6 1 3.81 0.3(98) 6 .1 0.2 (98) 4 4 .0(98)
1 2 1 1 .6 0.8(8)
Bengal
5 .2 0.4 (8) 4 4 .6 (8) 2 3.4 1 .8(8)
1 5 -2 4 1 6 .6 0.6 (4 0) 7.4 0.5 (4 0) 4 4 .5 (4 0)
34 -39 2 2 .1 1 .9(1 6 ) 1 0.3 1 .2 (1 6 ) 4 6 .6 (1 6 ) -
6 9.0(4 )
Sangamaneri
3.7(4 ) 4 4 .2 (4 )
9 1 1 .5 1 .5 (5 ) 5 .1 0.7(5 ) 4 4 .2 (5 )
1 2 1 2 .6 1 .7(4 ) 5 .8 0.5 (4 ) 4 6 .1 (4 )
1 8 1 8.0(1 ) 8.0(1 ) 4 4 .4 (1 )
Note: The values i n parentheses are the number of observati ons.
Source: Mi sra (1 983).
















2 1




























Table 5 . Important carcass characteri sti cs of Black Bengal
and i ts crosses wi th Jamunapari and Beetal at 9 months of age.
Black Bengal Black Bengal
Trai ta Black Bengal x Jamunapari X Beetal
P SW (kg) 1 2 .97 0.91 1 3.99 0.75 1 3.07 1 .83
EL W (kg) 1 0.94 0.82 1 1 .86 0.6 6 1 0.1 0 1 .5 7
D ressed wei ght (kg) 6 .1 6 0.5 5 6 .72 0.5 8 6 .04 1 .08
D ressi ng on P SW 4 7.1 1 1 .96 4 7.2 1 1 .76 4 5 .38 2 .96
D ressi ng on EL W 5 5 .97 2 .2 7 5 5 .74 1 .96 5 5 .4 5 2 .99
Carcass components
F oreli mb 2 0.85 0.76 2 0.1 6 0.5 5 2 0.4 9 1 .07
H i nd li mb 2 1 .38 0.87 2 1 .2 7 0.5 4 2 0.03 0.89
Basael 4 2 .89 2 .95 4 3.2 9 0.94 4 1 .82 0.86
Neck 7.6 2 1 .01 1 0.5 8 0.38 1 0.01 1 .4 4
L i ver 4 .70 0.5 7 4 .2 7 0.2 5 4 .84 0.6 6
No. of ki ds 1 3 9 6
Note: V alues are means SE.
Source: Mi sra (1 985 ).
aP SW, preslaughter wei ght; EL W, empty li ve wei ght.
2 2
Table 6 . Some carcass characteri sti cs of Si rohi and Beetal x Si rohi
male ki ds under di fferent feedi ng systems.
F eedi ng system
+
R ange
supple- Stall
Trai t' Genotype R ange ments feedi ng
P SW (kg) Si rohi 1 3.9 0.9 1 9.5 1 .7 1 5 .3 1 .7
Beetal x Si rohi 1 5 .1 1 .3 2 2 .9 1 .5 1 9.4 1 .0
H ot carcass
wei ght (kg) Si rohi 6 .2 0.4 9.7 0.8 7.6 0.9
Beetal x Si rohi 6 .4 0.5 1 1 .3 1 .0 9.7 0.8
D ressi ng %
on P SW Si rohi 4 4 .0 1 .4 4 9.8 0.3 4 9.7 1 .4
Beetal x Si rohi 4 2 .5 0.6 4 9.1 1 .7 4 9.7 1 .9
Bone Si rohi 1 5 .9 0.8 1 3.0 1 .5 1 4 .7 0.3
Beetal x Si rohi 2 0.5 1 .7 1 4 .9 0.8 1 4 .5 0.4
Note: V alues are means t SE.
Source: Mi sra (1 985 ).
aP SW, preslaughter wei ght.


























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31















































32
Table 1 . Mean fi bre di ameter (Nm) of three muscles from
control and fattened Sudan D esert goats and sheep.
Muscle
Sheep
Control F attened
35 .8 4 4 .9
Goats
Semi tendi nosus
L ongi ssi mus
(lumbar)
Bi ceps brachi i
Control F attened SEa
37.8 6 2 .5 0.96 a
32 .5 5 2 .8 34 .3 6 0.9 0.6 2 b
4 1 .7 4 5 .8 4 5 .2 6 4 .7 0.79b
Source: Gai li and Ali (1 985 b). Standard error of the di fference
between two means.
astandard error of the di fference between two means.
bR ow means di ffer si gni fi cantly (P < 0.05 ).




































33
Table 2 . The effect of plane of nutri ti on on percentage ti ssue
composi ti on i n Barbari and Jamunapari bucks slaughtered
at 1 4 months i n Indi a.
P lace of nutri ti ona
Ti ssue H H MM L L Si gni fi canceb
Barbari
Bones 1 8.3 1 8.5 2 3.1 P < 0.05
Muscle 5 4 .3 5 4 .3 6 1 .5 P < 0.05
F at 2 7.9 2 8.5 1 5 .4 P < 0.05
Total edi ble 86 .0 86 .3
Jamunapari
82 .0 P < 0.05
Bones 1 8.3 1 8.5 2 3.1 NS
Muscle 6 3.4 5 7.8 5 5 .2 NS
F at 1 3.7 1 9.4 1 5 .7 NS
Total edi ble 81 .7 81 .5 77.0 NS
Source: Adapted from Sengar (1 975 ).
aH H , hi gh energy, hi gh protei n; MM, medi um energy, medi um
prote} n; L L , low energy, low protei n.
bNS,
not stati sti cally si gni fi cant.
Table 3. The effect of plane of nutri ti on averaged carcass
measurements (mm) i n Barbari and Jamunapari bucks
at 1 4 months i n Indi a.
Measurement
P lane of nutri ti ona
H H MM L L Si gni fi canceb
Barbari '
L ength of eye muscle 4 3.8 4 3.8 35 .0 NS
D epth of eye muscle 1 9.5 2 1 .0 1 3.0 NS
Back fat thi ckness 1 .4 2 .2 1 .0 NS
Thi ckness of fat
over ri bs 6 .8 7.6 2 .0 NS
i Jamunapar
L ength of eye muscle 32 .7 4 3.8 30.0 NS
D epth of eye muscle 1 7.0 2 0.5 1 2 .0 NS
Back fat thi ckness 1 .0 0.9 1 .0 NS
Thi ckness of fat
over ri bs 1 .0 3.0 2 .0 NS
Source: Adapted from Sengar (1 975 ).
aH H , hi gh energy, hi gh protei n; MM, medi um energy, medi um protei n;
L L , low energy, low protei n.
bNS, not stati sti cally si gni fi cant.







3 4
Table 4 . Adjusted mean wei ght ( SE) and locati on of fat
deposi ti on i n Sudan D esert goats and sheep.
Goats Sheep
Itema Control F attened Control F attened
Omentum 6 0 1 7 1 90 4 0 80 2 5 1 1 0 2 3
Mesenteri c fat 72 30 2 1 0 2 0 90 2 0 1 30 30
Tai l 9 2 1 1 2 84 6 0 1 4 9 70
Source: Gai li and Ali (1 985 a).
aWei ghts of omentum and mesenteri c fat are adjusted to common
empty body wei ght (1 8.03 kg) and tai l wei ght i s adjusted to left si de
wei ght (4 .1 kg) along the slopes of the common regressi on li nes.
Table 5 . Growth responses of goats to a ri ce straw di et
supplemented wi th L eucaena, ri ce bran, and molasses
i n the P hi li ppi nes.
D i eta
D ai ly
D ry matter i ntake li ve wei ght F eed-conversi on
(g/ kg0.75 )
gai n (g) effi ci ency
30% R S + 70% L 6 4 .83a 35 .7b 1 2 .5 6 b
30% R S + 5 0% L
+ 2 0% R B 71 .82 a 6 8.6 a 7.6 5 a
30% R S + 5 0% L
+ 2 0% M 70.4 0a 5 0.Oab 1 0.5 4 b
Note: Means followed by a di fferent letter are si gni fi cantly
di fferent (P < 0.05 ). Each di et mean i s the average of fi ve
repli cati ons.
Source: R asji d and P erez (1 980).
aR S, ri ce straw; L , L eucaena; R B, ri ce bran; M, molasses.




















35











P lane of nutri ti on
Table 6 . The effect of plane of nutri ti on on dai ly growth
(g/ head) of Barbari and Jamunapari ki ds i n Indi a.
Breed H H MM L L
Barbari
0-6 months 36 33 2 7
0-1 4 months 4 2 38 2 2
Si gni fi canceb
Energy P rotei n
P < 0.05 NS
P < 0.05 NS
Jamunapari
0-6 months 4 4 4 6 4 4 - -
0-1 4 months 39 4 1 30 P < 0.05 P < 0.05
Source: Adapted from Sengar (1 975 ).
aH H , hi gh energy, hi gh protei n; MM, medi um energy, medi um protei n;
L L , low energy, low protei n.
bNS, not stati sti cally si gni fi cant.
Table 7. The effect of plane of nutri ti on on carcass
characteri sti cs of Barbari and Jamunapari bucks
slaughtered at 2 4 months i n Indi a.
P lane of nutri ti on
Characteri sti cs H H MM L L Si gni fi canceb
Barbari
L i ve wei ght at
slaughter (kg) 1 8.7 1 9.4 1 1 .4 P < 0.05
D ressed carcass
wei ght (kg) 9.2 9.7 4 .5 P < 0.05
D ressi ng(s) 5 7.3 5 8.3 5 3.7 P < 0.05
Edi ble offals (%)c 2 1 .4 2 0.0 2 0.6 P < 0.05
Jamunapari
L i ve wei ght at
slaughter (kg) 2 0.3 2 1 .0 1 5 .8 P < 0.05
D ressed carcass
wei ght (kq 2 ) 9.7 9.6 6 .1 P < 0.05
D ressi ng(s) 5 3.2 5 3.2 5 5 .5 NS
Edi ble offals(%)c 1 8.9 2 0.1 2 2 .9 -
Source: Adapted from Sengar (1 975 ).
aH H , hi gh energy, hi gh protei n; MM, medi um energy, medi um protei n;
L L , low energy, low protei n.
bNS, not stati sti cally si gni fi cant.
cEx pressed as percent of empty li ve wei ght.
36















































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Table 9. P rotei n and fat contents (%, dry matter basi s)
of three muscles i n Sudan D esert sheep and goats.
Sheep Goats
Muscle Control F attened Control F attened SEa
Semi tendi nosus
P rotei n 88.1 a 75 .8c 78.6 b 6 4 .4 d 0.33
F at 8.2 d 2 1 .Oc 1 7.9b 33.4 a 0.4 3
Semi membranosus
P rotei n 87.3a 81 .2 b 75 .3c 6 6 .0d 0.39
F at 9.5 d 1 6 .8c 2 1 .8b 31 .9a 0.4 6
L ongi ssi mus (lumbar)
P rotei n 86 .5 a 79.1 b 75 .8c 6 5 .7d 0.2 8
F at 1 0.0d 1 7.6 c 2 1 .4 b 32 .3a 0.4 5
Note: Means i n a row followed by a di fferent letter di ffer
si gni fi cantly (P > 0.05 ).
Source: Gai li and Ali (1 985 b).
aStandard error of the mean.
Table 1 0. Ash content (%, dry matter basi s) i n three muscles
of Sudan D esert sheep and goats.
Speci es Treatment
Muscle Goats Sheep SEa Control F attened SEa
Suprapi natus 3.3 2 .8 0.4 5 3.6 2 .5 0.4 5
Semi membranosus 3.1 2 .5 0.2 7 3.0 2 .6 0.2 7
L ongi ssi mus
(lumbar) 3.4 2 .4 0.32 b 3.1 2 .6 0.32
Source: Gai li and Ali (1 985 b).
aStandard error of the di fference between the two means.
bThe di fference between the two means i s si gni fi cant at P < 0.05 .
Table 1 1 . Total edi ble and total commerci ally valuable meats
of vari ous breeds of adult goats i n the tropi cs.
Breed (sex )a L ocati on
Total
edi ble
(96 )
Total
commerci ally
valuable Source
Small East
Afri can (F ) U ganda 4 8.3 5 5 .5 Wi lson (1 95 8b)
Katjang(F ) Malaysi a 6 1 .2 81 .5 D evendra (1 96 6 )
Indi genous(M) Malawi 74 .5 80.5 Owen (1 975 )
Barbari (M) Indi a 87.6 - Sengar (1 975 )
Indi genous(M) Botswana 72 .3 79.6 Owen et al.(1 978)
Indi genous(M)b Botswana 71 .8 79.2 Owen et al.(1 978)
Indi genous(F ) Botswana 74 .3 80.9 Owen et al.(1 978)
Boer(F ) Botswana 70.0 78.0 Owen et al.(1 978)
Katjang(F ) Malaysi a 71 .5 96 .2 D evendra (1 980)
aF , female; M, male.
bMale castrates.




39




















4 0
Table 1 2 . P erformance of weaner ki ds i n a
semi -ari d envi ronment i n Indi a.
P arameter Ba B+F B+C B+F +C
Ini ti al wei ght (kg) 1 2 .0 1 2 .0 1 2 .7 1 2 .5
F i nal wei ght (kg) 1 3.8 1 4 .7 2 2 .8 2 2 .3
Total wei ght gai n (kg) 1 .8 3.7 1 0.0 9.7
Average dai ly wei ght
gai n (g) 1 9.4 a 4 1 .7b 1 -1 1 .0c 1 08.2 c
D ressi ng (%) 4 5 .7a 4 4 .5 a 4 8.2 b 4 9.1 b
Net return per i d
(INR / 90 days) - 9.0 3.6 0.2
Note: Means i n the same row followed by a di fferent letter di ffer
si gni fi cantly (P < 0.05 ).
Source: P arthasarathy et al. (1 983).
aB, browsi ng (7 h/ day); F , forage; C, concentrates.
bIn F ebruary 1 988, 1 2 .2 Indi an rupees (INR )
-
1 U ni ted States
dollar (U SD ).
































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(
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M
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t
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O
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s
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a

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U

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5

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n
d

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8

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g

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0
0
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U

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t
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p
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v
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p
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s
)

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G
F
2
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r

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n
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a
r
b
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r
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G
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l
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c
k

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l

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k

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g
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l

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h
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i
n

v
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g
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s
p
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n
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s
)

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d
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s
c
r
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p
t

P
G
F
2
a

a
n
a
l
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g
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e

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l
o
c
a
l
)

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p
j
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h
n
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a
l
a
m
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,

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6
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g

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g
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1

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p
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g
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r

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5

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g
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t
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f
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5

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r

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6

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g

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m
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d
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c
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,

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o
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c
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r
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n
g

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t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
3
a
,
b
)
,

P
a
t
i
l

e
t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
4
)

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t
r
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n
g

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t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
3
a
,
b
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g
r
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w
a
l

(
1
9
8
6
)
,

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a
o

a
n
d

B
h
a
t
t
a
c
h
a
r
y
y
a

(
1
9
8
6
)

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i
n
h
a

(
1
9
7
6
)

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a
o

e
t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
2
)

R
a
o

e
t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
2
)

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r
m
s
t
r
o
n
g

e
t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
3
a
,
b
)

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t
t
s

e
t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
0
)

A
g
r
a
w
a
l

(
1
9
8
7
)
,

R
a
o

a
n
d

B
h
a
t
t
a
c
h
a
r
y
y
a

(
1
9
8
6
)

S
i
n
h
a

(
1
9
7
6
)

S
a
n
w
a
l

e
t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
1
)

A
.
K
.

G
o
e
l

(
p
e
r
s
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n
a
l

c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
)

N
a
n
d
y

e
t

a
l
.

(
1
9
8
7
)

a
I
U
,

i
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l

u
n
i
t
s
.











































5 1
Table 5 . R ecommended method for arti fi ci al i nsemi nati on wi th
freshly di luted and froz en-thawed semen i n goats.
F resh semena
Select and trai n bucks for
arti fi ci al vagi na collecti on
F roz en semenb
Select and trai n bucks for
arti fi ci al vagi na collecti on
Collect semen on alternate days
Evaluate semen for volume,
moti li ty, sperm densi ty,
percent li ve, and abnormal
spermatoz oa
Good ejaculate should contai n:
volume, > 0.3 mL ; moti li ty, +5 ;
sperm densi ty, > 3000 x 1 06 ;
percent li ve, > 80%; percent
abnormal, < 1 0%
D i lute semen i n processed goat
or cow mi lk at 6 0 x 1 06 li ve,
normal spermatoz oa per
i nsemi nati ng dose (0.1 ML )
Insemi nate does i n estrus
wi thi n 2 -3 h of collecti on and
di luti on; locate the openi ng
of cervi x ; deposi t the semen
wi th i nsemi nati ng pi pette on
the openi ng of the cervi x
Note: Ex pect overall ferti li ty
rate wi th one i nsemi nati on i n
each estrus i n three
consecuti ve cycles, 70-80%;
storage beyond 8 h at 4 -7' C
gi ves poor sperm moti li ty and
ferti li ty
Collect semen on alternate days
Evaluate semen for volume,
moti li ty, sperm densi ty,
percent li ve/ dead, and abnormal
spermatoz oa
Good ejaculate should contai n:
volume, > 0.3 mL ; moti li ty, +5 ;
sperm densi ty, > 3000 x 1 06 ;
percent li ve, > 80%; percent
abnormal, < 1 0%
D i lute the semen i n Tri s
di luent at BO x 1 06 li ve and
normal spermatoz oa i n 0.1 mL
di luted semen
Eq ui li brate glyceroli z ed semen
for 4 h at 4 -7 C
F reez e the straw hori z ontally
i n li q ui d ni trogen vapour for
1 0 mi n at. a temperature from
-5 0 to -1 70C
P lunge the froz en straw i nto
li q ui d ni trogen (-1 96 C)
P ostfreez i ng evaluati on i s done
by thawi ng straw di rectly at

Insemi nate does i n estrus after
assembli ng the i nsemi nati ng gun
wi th thawed straw and sheath;
locate openi ng of the cervi x
and deposi t semen wi th the help
of i nsemi nati ng gun on the
openi ng of the cervi x
Note: Ex pected overall
ferti li ty rate wi th froz en
semen and double i nsemi nati on
i n one estrus, 30-4 0%
aSource: Ti wari et al. (1 96 8).
bSource: Ti wari and Bhattacharyya (1 987).







5 2










































5 3




















































5 4








5 5















































5 6
















































5 7
Table 1 . Causes of aborti on and embryoni c loss i n Indi an goats.
D i sease
Early embryoni c
loss
Cause
2 3-2 9 Achuthankutty and
Inci dence of P regnancy
i nfecti on (%) loss (%) Source
R aja (1 971 )
L ate aborti on B. meli tensls 2 .1 5 1 -1 .6 P athak (1 96 8),
Kulshresta et
al. (1 978)
Chlamydla 2 0-30 7.9 Jai n (1 977),
Kri shna and
R ajya (1 985 )
Mycoplasma 1 7-1 8.1 - Si ngh (1 973),
Ti wana et al.
(1 984 ), Si ngh et
al. (1 974 , 1 975 )
P athnak and
Si ngh (1 984 )
L eptosplra - U padhye et al.
(1 980)
Sti llbi rth Chlamydla 3-8.2 5 Jai n (1 977),
Kri shna and
R ajya (1 985 )
Table 2 . Neonatal mortali ty (%) as a result of vari ous di seases.
Inci dence Mortali ty
D i sease Source
Coli baci llosi s + 39.3-6 0.0 5 .4 -1 9.0 V i han et al. (1 986 ),
coli septi cemi a V i han et al. (1 987)
Chlamydi a 6 2 .8
V i han
Kri shna
and Si ngh (1 988)
and R ajya (1 985 )
Cocci di osi s 1 2 .0-32 .3 5 .1 -1 2 .3 V i han et al. (1 987)
F oot-and-mouth - 3-1 6 McV i car and Sutmoller
di sease (1 972 ), Si ngh, V i han
et al. (1 987)















5 8







































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6 1
































6 2

















































6 3


























Table 1 . Bi rth wei ght of common breeds of goats and
thei r growth rates.
Bi rth Mature Growth
wei ght wei ght rate
Breed Sex a (kg) (kg) (g/ day)b Source
Jamunapari M 3.5 7 75 .90 93 Senger (1 978)
F 2 .78 6 0.70 6 4
Bengal M 1 .1 0 1 9.30 31 Senger (1 978)
F 0.98 1 3.2 2 2 0
Katjang MtF 1 .5 0 2 5 .30 5 6 D evendra (1 96 6 )
Beetal M 3.04 6 0.75 90 Joshi (1 979)
F 2 .96 4 5 .5 0 4 9
Barbari M 1 .83 30.4 0 4 0 Joshi (1 979)
F 1 .6 1 2 5 .35 33
Malabari M 1 .6 1 2 5 .35 4 1 Nai r (1 979)
F 1 .5 9 35
Alpi ne x Beetal M 3.2 0 - 1 2 4 Mi shra (1 979)
F 3.1 4 - 5 9
Saanen x Beetal M 3.5 6 - 1 1 2 Mi shra (1 979)
F 3.1 8 - 5 8
Alpi ne x Malabari M 1 .84 - 5 2 Nai r (1 979)
F 1 .6 8 - 38
Saanen x Malabari M 2 .05 - 4 9 Nai r (1 979)
F 1 .89 - 4 2
aM, male; F , female.
bBi rth to 1 2 months.
6 4






















Table 2 . Effects of ti mi ng and method of castrati on on growth
of goat breeds.
Ti me Wei ght Growth
after range rate
Breed bi rth Method (kg) (g/ day) Source
Beetal
i ntact 4 days - 1 0-1 5 4 4 Chawla and
Castrated 5 days 0 1 0-1 5 4 4 Iq bal Nath
3 months 0 1 0-1 5 4 7 (1 980)
6 months 0 1 0-1 5 5 1
Bengal
Intact
Castrated
Samunapari x Bengal
Intact
Castrated
Barbari
Intact
Castrated
2 months
2 months
1 month
2 months
3 months
- 1 0-1 5 4 1 Si ngh et al.
E 1 0-1 5 4 4 (1 985 )
Barbari
Intact
Castrated
- 1 0-1 5 5 0
E 1 0-1 5 6 4
- 5 -1 0 2 2 Sengar (1 978)
0 5 -1 0 2 5
O 5 -1 0 2 7
0 5 -1 0 2 5
- 1 5 -2 0 2 5 Kumar et al.
1 5 days 0 1 5 -2 0 2 6 (1 980)
E 1 5 -2 0 2 7
1 month 0 1 5 -2 0 4 0
E 1 5 -2 0 39
2 months O 1 5 -2 0 35
E 1 5 -2 0 36
3 months 0 1 5 -2 0 31
E 1 5 -2 0 33
a0, open; E, emasculator.
6 5

























Table 3. Effect of li ve body wei ght on dressi ng percentage i n goats.
Breed Sex b
Jamunapari M
F
Osmanabadi M
Katjang
8-1 5 1 5 -2 0 2 0-30 30-4 0
kg kg kg kg
4 8.1 0
4 4 .4 5
4 4 .4 1
(5 0.30)
F 4 1 .37
(5 1 .00)
M
4 9.6 5 5 2 .1 5
4 3.85 4 3.03
4 4 .73 4 5 .2 0
(5 1 .4 0) (5 2 .1 0)
4 3.1 0 4 2 .4 0
(5 2 .4 0) (5 1 .1 0)
4 4 .2 1 5 1 .39
(5 0.6 1 ) (5 8.32 )
Angora m 38.5 6 36 .6 5 4 3.6 2
x local (4 9.2 9) (4 7.93) (5 3.07)
Sudan m 34 .5 - -
D esert (4 9.2 )
Si rohi M 4 4 .3 4 4 .5 5 0.6
(5 5 .2 ) (5 6 .5 ) (5 8.8)
Beetal m 4 4 .5 4 5 .7 4 9.6
(5 0.2 ) (5 2 .3) (5 8.2 )
Jhakrana m 4 2 .6 4 6 .7 4 9.6
(5 6 .1 ) (5 6 .9) (5 8.7)
Kutchi m 4 3.5 4 4 .5 5 0.5
(5 4 .4 ) (5 5 .8) (5 8.3)
Marwadi m 4 5 .74 5 0.1 8 4 9.71
(5 2 .38) (5 6 .81 ) (5 7.2 2 )
5 2 .1
(5 9.9)
5 0.3
(5 8.1 )
Source
P ant et al.
(1 974 )
R eddy and
R aghavan
(1 984 )
D evendra and
Owen (1 983)
Ghaneker et al.
(1 973)
Ibrahi m and
Gali (1 985 )
P rasad (1 985 )
P rasad (1 985 )
P rasad (1 985 )
P rasad (1 985 )
P rasad (1 985 )
Note: values i n parentheses are dressi ng percentages based on
empty body wei ght; all others are based on li ve wei ght.
am,
male (all males are enti re); F , female.
6 6





































Table 4 . Effect of the plane of nutri ti on on dressi ng percentage
(empty body wei ght) of i ntact, male goats.
F eedi ng 8-1 5 1 5 -2 0 2 0-30 30-4 0
regi me Breed kg kg kg kg
8-h browsi ng Si rohi 5 5 .5 5 6 .0 - -
Beetal x Si rohi - 5 6 .1 5 6 .9 -
Browsi ng + Si rohi - 5 7.4 5 8.1 5 9.9
concentrate Beetal x Si rohi - 5 7.3 5 7.9 5 9.6
Source: Bhati a (1 985 ).
6 7


























Table 5 . Effect of ti mi ng and castrati on method on
dressi ng percentage (D %) of goats.
Breed
Ti me L i ve
after wei ght
bi rth method' (kg) D % Source
Alpi ne x Beetal
i ntact - - 1 9.38 5 0.00 Chawla and
Castrated 5 days 0 1 8.38 5 0.35 Iq bal Nath
Intact - - 1 8.00 4 8.5 0 (1 980)
Castrated 3 months O 1 8.33 5 0.6 8
Intact - - 1 8.4 0 5 1 .6 8
Castrated 6 months 0 1 7.08 5 2 .98
Barbari
i ntact - - 2 1 .05 4 9.81 Sri vastava
Castrated 6 months E 2 1 .2 0 4 9.93 et al. (1 96 8)
Barbari
Intact - - 1 5 .6 6 4 3.79 Kumar et al.
Castrated 1 5 days 0 1 8.00 4 9.86 (1 980)
E 1 8.70 5 0.86
1 month 0 2 3.5 0 5 1 .2 6
E 2 3.6 0 5 1 .2 6
E 2 3.6 0 5 1 .90
2 months 0 2 1 .6 0 5 0.80
E 2 1 .5 0 5 0.70
3 months 0 2 0.30 4 9.2 1
E 2 0.4 5 4 8.1 3
80, open; E, emasculator.
6 8
Table 6 . Area (cm2 ) of eye muscle (longi ssi mus dorsi )
i n vari ous breeds of male goats at di fferent li ve wei ghts.
L i ve wei ght range (kg)
Breed 8-1 5 1 5 -2 0 2 0-2 5 2 5 -30
Si rohi 6 .2 0 9.94 1 0.82
Beetal 7.2 5 7.35 1 1 .2 0
Beetal x Si rohi 4 .4 5 9.78 1 0.30
Shakrana 7.6 5 9.88
Kutchi 6 .2 0 7.30 8.4 3
Source: P rasad (1 985 ).




































6 9




















































70

































71











































72

















































73
S e s s i o n
I I

















































76




















































77






























Table 1 . P ercentage of the i ndi genous producti on of carcass meat
accounted for by goat and per caput goat meat i n 1 96 1 -1 96 5 ,
1 974 , and 1 984 throughout the world.
of i ndi genous P er caput goat meat
producti ona supplyb (kg/ year)
R egi on 1 96 1 -6 5 1 974 1 984 1 96 1 -6 5 1 974 1 984
Afri ca 9.9 8.2 9.4 1 .2 0 0.91 1 .1 3
North Ameri ca 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.06 0.06 0.08
South Ameri ca 1 .0 0.5 0.6 0.4 3 0.32 0.2 4
Asi a 5 .0 3.9 3.9 0.4 7 0.4 0 0.4 4
Oceani a 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 2 0.1 0 0.1 1
Source: P AO (1 974 , 1 984 ).
aP ercentage of beef and veal, mutton and lamb, goat, buffalo,
pi g, and poultry meat.
bi ncludes
offals.
78
Table 2 . P roporti on (%) of households reporti ng the purchase of goat
meat and i mported mutton by i ncome and race i n
P eni nsular Malaysi a.
Malay Chi nese Indi an

household Goat Imported Goat Imported Goat Imported
i ncome (MYR )a meat mutton meat mutton meat mutton
< 1 00 2 38 0 1 0 0 1 00
1 00-1 99 5 4 9 3 1 1 6 96
2 00-2 99 4 5 1 2 1 7 2 7 6 4
300-4 99 8 5 8 5 1 8 1 0 90
5 00 7 6 8 1 3 2 7 5 8 75
Source: D evendra (1 983).
aIn F ebruary 1 988, 2 .4 Malaysi an ri nggi ts (MYR ) = 1 U ni ted States
dollar (U SD ).
































79
Table 3. Chemi cal composi ti on of goat meat i n some countri es.
Component Indi aa Malaysi a P hi li ppi nesb
Moi sture (%)
P rotei n (g/ 1 00 g)
F at (g/ 1 00 g)
Total carbohydrates
74 .2
2 1 .4
2 .6
74 .0
2 0.6
2 .2
76 .0
2 2 .3
0.6
(g/ 1 00 g) - - -
F i bre (g/ 1 00 g) - - -
Ash (g/ 1 00 g) 1 .1 1 .0 1 .1
Ca (mg/ 1 00 g) 1 2 1 1 6
P (mg/ 1 00 g) 1 93 1 5 4 1 5 0
F e (mg1 1 00 g) - 2 .1 0.4
aSource: Gopalan et al. (1 971 ).
bSource: Abdon et al. (1 980).
Table 4 . Ami no aci d composi ti on (g/ 1 6 g N)
meat samples i n Indi a.
of
Goat Ideal
Ami no aci d meat mutton Beef P ork protei n
Argi ni ne 7.4 6 .8 6 .8 7.1 6 .6
H i sti di ne 2 .1 2 .8 3.0 3.4 2 .4
L ysi ne 7.5 7.9 8.1 8.7 7.5
Tryptophan 1 .5 1 .4 1 .4 1 .3 1 .6
P henylalani ne 3.5 3.3 3.4 3.6 5 .8
Methi oni ne 2 .7 3.1 2 .9 3.4 2 .8
Threoni ne 4 .8 4 .6 4 .5 5 .2 5 .0
L euci ne 8.4 7.6 7.5 8.2 1 0.0
Isoleuci ne 5 .1 4 .6 4 .5 5 .4 6 .6
V ali ne 5 .4 5 .5 4 .9 6 .0 7.0
Tyrosi ne 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.5 0.0
Cysti ne 1 .2 1 .3 1 .1 1 .1 0.0
Source: Sri ni vasan and Moorjani (1 974 ).




















80















































81
Table 5 . P roporti ons of fatty aci ds i n the subcutaneous,
i ntermuscular, and ki dney fat depots of
Sudan D esert goats and sheep.
Subcutaneous Intermuscular Ki dney
F atty aci d Goats Sheep SEa Goats Sheep SEa Goats Sheep SEa
P entadecanoi c 8.3 7.7 0.5 1 0.7 1 0.9 1 .8 9.9 9.6 1 .2
P almi ti c 32 .2 32 .2 1 .0 32 .1 33.2 0.9 32 .0 32 .9 0.7
Steari c 2 8.9 30.1 1 .9 2 8.0 2 8.9 0.9 2 7.5 2 B.1 0.8
Olei c 2 8.7 2 8.2 0.B 2 8.2 2 7.8 0.7 2 8.1 2 7.7 0.4
L i nolei c 1 .9 1 .8 0.2 2 .0 1 .9 0.3 1 .8 1 .7 0.2
Source: Gai li and Ali (1 985 b).
' Standard error of the di fference between the two means.
Table 6 . Mi neral and vi tami n contents (mg/ 1 00
and beef i n the P hi li ppi nes.
g) of goat meat
Calci um P hosphorous Thi ami ne R i boflavi n Ni aci n
Goat Goat Goat Goat Goat
Component meat Beef meat Beef meat Beef meat Beef meat Beef
L ean meat 1 2 96 1 2 7 1 94 0.1 0 0.1 0 0.5 6 0.2 0 3.6 6 .4
L i ver 1 7 2 6 1 72 31 0 0.5 1 0.1 6 2 .79 0.96 1 0.6 5 .4
L ungs 1 5 4 0 1 4 2 1 4 4 0.1 0 0.1 4 1 .1 6 0.1 8 2 .9 3.0
Ki dney 1 5 4 4 1 89 1 84 0.6 5 0.2 4 5 .70 2 .5 6 4 .0 5 .2
L arge
i ntesti nes - 1 3 - 2 8 0.04 0.04 0.1 4 0.08 0.5 0.2
Small
i ntesti nes 2 0 2 0 886 1 73 0.04 0.07 0.1 9 0.32 0.7 1 .5
H eart 8 1 8 1 5 4 1 81 0.6 1 0.33 3.82 0.5 9 5 .4 4 .8
Stomach 4 8 1 5 6 84 6 3 0.06 - 0.36 0.1 4 0.7 1 .4
Source: Abdcn et al. (1 980).




















82
Table 7. Effects of di fferent methods of castrati on on moi sture, protei n,
and fat contents of muscles and i n vi tro di gesti bi li ty of meat
protei n of Alpi ne x Beetal bucks i n Indi a.
Moi sture F at P rotei n
P epsi n
di gesti on
Trypsi n
di gesti on
Method Agea
burdi z z o 2 75 .7 0.4 2 .6 0.3** 1 9.6 1 0.3** 2 6 .2 1 .2 ** 4 6 .3 3.0**
4 76 .7 0.2 1 .3 0.1 2 0.6 0.4 2 8.4 2 .8** 4 9.9 5 .2 *
Testes
removal 2 76 .2 0.8 1 .6 0.1 2 0.7 0.6 2 2 .5 4 .3 37.1 4 .2
6 73.2 0.8** 2 .5 0.2 ** 2 1 .8 0.3 2 1 .3 3.3 37.1 3.7
vasectomy 2 75 .5 0.7 2 .4 0.3 2 0.6 0.5 1 9.5 2 .4 33.2 4 .8
4 75 .4 0.8 1 .9 0.1 ** 2 0.0 0.6 * 2 3.3 2 .3* 4 1 .8 3.5
6 75 .9 0.2 2 .5 0.2 ** 2 0.1 0.4 * 1 6 .5 2 .7 37.1 3.7
Intact
control 76 .4 0.7 1 .3 0.2 2 1 .7 0.6 1 6 .7 1 .7 34 .2 1 .6
Note: values are the means of 1 4 determi nati ons. *, P < 0.05 ; **,
P < 0.01 .
Source: Kansal et al. (1 982 ).
aAge i n months.


































83
Table 8. Tenderness and cooki ng loss i n
Katjang goats i n Malaysi a.
the meat of
Muscle Tendernessa Cooki ng loss()
R ectus femuri s
male 37.6 3.5 4 .3 0.9
F emale 33.0 6 .3 3.6 1 .0
L ongi ssi mus dorsi
male 32 .3 3.4 3.7 0.3
F emale 2 7.8 2 .4 3.8 0.3
of
Note: F our males and four females were used, each about 3.4
age.
Source: D evendra (1 983).
' Warner-Bratz ler sheari ng force value.
years






























84


















































85

























86










































87
















































88














































89


















































90
















Table 1 . Components (approx . %) of li ve wei ght i n goatsa.
McGregor (1 982 ) Ki rton (1 970)
Owen and
Norman (1 977)
Babi ker et al.
(1 985 )
(Botswana) (Sudan D esert) b
Component
Saanen
wether
F eral
wether
F eral
male
F eral
female Ki d Adult Enti re Castrate
Carcass 4 6 .4 4 5 .3 4 4 .8 4 2 .2 4 3.3 4 8.3 4 5 .8 4 7.6
Blood - - - - 3.7 2 .8 - -
Ski n 6 .4 1 1 .1 1 1 .6 9.7 7.3 6 .6 7.3 7.0
H ead 6 .6 9.1 9.0 7.6 6 .3 5 .3 8.4 8.7
L i ver 1 .9 2 .1 2 .3 2 .5 1 .6 1 .6 2 .2 2 .1
H eart 0.8 - - - 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.5
Spleen 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 - - 0.3 0.2
Ki dneys
(two) 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.5 - - 0.4 0.5
L ungs and
trachea 1 .3 1 .7 1 .8 1 .8 1 .3 1 .2 2 .4 2 .4
Omental fat 3.3 0.3 0.4 1 .0 0.5 1 .8 - -
Stomach
(empty) 3.2 3.5 3.7 4 .4 - - - -
Intesti nes
+ contents - - 7.9 9.5 - - - -
Stomach
contents - - 8.8 7.5 - - - -
D i gesti ve
tract - - - - 1 1 .4 c 1 1 .5 c 9.5 1 0.2
Tract
contents - - - - 1 6 .1 1 3.7 - -
Other vei ght
loss - - - - - - - -
aThe li ve wei ght on whi ch most percentages were based was calculated from
hot carcass wei ght and the dressi ng-out percentage of li ve wei ght. Castrate
males were used.
bF rom the Babi ker et al. (1 985 ) data, values are calculated on an empty
body wei ght (and not li ve wei ght) basi s.
clncludi ng spleen and pancreas.
dltems
not recorded i n the table i nclude the feet and the wei ght loss
(feces and uri ne) between recordi ng li ve wei ght and slaughter.
91















































92









93


















































94
















































95















































96













































97


















































98


















99












































1 00
















































1 0 1













































1 02





























Table 1 . Mean taste panel
contai ni ng g
scores
oat mea
of ha
t, be
mburger,
ef, and c
" ni laga
arabeef
, " an
.
d spaghetti
H amburgers " Ni laga" a Spaghetti a
Trai tb A B C A B C A B C
Colour 7.2 1 a 6 .83ab 6 .33b 6 .96 a 7.5 4 b 7.04 a 7.93 7.86 7.2 1
F lavour 6 .88 6 .6 2 6 .2 9 6 . 33b 7.5 0a 6 .2 1 b 7.4 7 7.1 2 7.06
Off-flavour 1 .4 2 b 1 .5 0b 2 .38a 2 .88a 1 .2 5 b 2 .4 2 a 1 .04 1 .1 8 1 .32
Salti ness 5 .02 5 .1 4 5 .00 5 .4 6 5 .5 4 5 .08 4 .6 6 4 .6 2 4 .72
Tenderness 6 .4 2 6 .5 0 6 .2 9 7.4 6 7.2 9 7.1 3 7.31 a 6 .94 ab 6 .78b
Jui ci ness 6 .2 5 6 .1 7 6 .1 2 7.38 7.4 2 7.33 7.4 4 7.1 6 7.2 8
General accept-
abi li ty 7.2 9a 6 .96 ab 6 .6 7b 6 .6 3b 7.6 7a 6 .94 b 7.6 7a 7.34 b 7.38b
Note: values i n the same row and of the same food type followed by the
same letter(s) are not si gni fi cantly di fferent.
Source: Arganosa and Bandi an (1 979).
aA, 1 00% goat meat (lean:fat = 5 0:33); B, 1 00% beef (lean:fat = 5 0:33); C,
1 00% carabeef (lean:fat = 5 0:33).
bColour. 9, dark; 1 , colourless. F lavour: 9, ex cellent; 1 , ex tremely
poor. Off-flavour: 9, very strong; 1 , none. Salti nes: 9, ex treme; 1 , none.
Tenderness: 9, very tender; 1 , ex tremely tough. General acceptabi li ty: 9, li ke
ex tremely; 1 , di sli ke ex tremely.
1 03
Table 2 . Mean taste panel score for " caldereta."
Trai ta Goat meat Beef Carabeef
F lavour 2 .91 2 .94 3.02
Off-flavour 4 .6 3 4 .5 7 4 .71
Consi stency 2 .77a 3.00a 2 .6 0b
Tenderness 6 .2 3b 2 .37b 2 .2 8b
overall acceptance 7.31 7.2 0 7.2 0
Note: values i n the same row followed by the same letter(s) are
not si gni fi cantly di fferent.
Source: Adapted from R eyataz a (1 978).
aF lavour: 1 , undesi rable, strong; 3, desi rable; 5 , undesi reable,
weak. Off-flavour: 5 , none; 1 , very strong. Consi stency: 1 ,
undesi rable, very thi ck; 3, just ri ght; 5 , undesi rable, very thi n.
Tenderness: 9, very tender; 1 , ex tremely tough. Overall acceptance:
9, li ke ex tremely; 1 , di sli ke ex tremely.





















Meat loaves











1 04
Table 3. Mean taste panel score of corned goat meat,
corned beef, and corned carabeef.
Trai t'
Corned
goat meat
Corned
beef
Corned
carabeef
Colour 6 .1 7c 8.00a 6 .96 b
F lavour 6 .00c 7.88a 6 .6 7b
Off-flavour 1 .4 2 ab 1 .00b 1 .71 a
Salti ness 5 .08 5 .34 5 .00
Tenderness 6 .96 ab 7.2 9a 6 .75 b
Jui ci ness 7.00 7.2 1 6 .96
General acceptabi li ty 6 .5 0b 7.96 a 6 .75 b
Note: V alues i n the same row followed by the same letter(s) are
not si gni fi cantly di fferent.
Source: Adapted from Arganosa and Bandi an (1 979).
aSee Table 1 , footnote b.
Table 4 . Selected trai ts and sensory characteri sti cs
of goat meat and beef meat loaves.
Trai t Beefa Goatb
Moi sture 5 9.80 5 0.71
Ash (%) 2 .1 5 1 .90
Ether ex tract (%) 2 0.5 8 2 1 .6 4
P rotei n 1 2 .4 7 1 2 .6 2
pH 5 .75 5 .82
Water-holdi ng capaci ty 1 .6 1 2 .2 8
Taste panel scores
Appearance 7.1 8 8.1 8
F lavour 7.5 0 6 .6 8
Tenderness 7.4 0 7.2 0
Jui ci ness 6 .92 7.30
General acceptabi li ty 7.85 7.1 5
Source: Adapted from Arganosa and Bandi an (1 979).
aBeef, 6 0%; pork lean, 1 0%; fat, 30%.
bGoat meat, 6 0%; pork lean, 1 0%, fat, 30%.
cTotal area/ meat area
dSee Table 1 , footnote b, and Table 2 , footnote a.















1 05
Table 5 . Sensory characteri sti cs of four
fresh sausage formulati ons.
Trai ta A B C D
Tenderness 6 .5 0 6 .93 6 .83 6 .6 8
F lavour 6 .6 2 a 6 .84 a 7.02 a 7.5 5 b
Off-flavour 1 .95 a 1 .5 5 ab 1 .4 0bc 1 .1 3c
Jui ci ness 6 .5 3a 6 .87a 6 .78a 4 .78b
Colour 8.1 3a 8.05 a 7.93a 5 .5 8b
Salti ness 5 .05 4 .85 4 .87 5 .08
General acceptabi li ty 6 .6 5 7.03 6 .87 7.02
Note: V alues i n the same row followed by the same letter(s) are
not si gni fi cantly di fferent. A, 70% goat meat lean, 30% pork fat; B,
6 0% goat meat lean, 4 0% pork fat; C, 5 0% goat meat lean, 5 0% pork fat;
D , 70% pork lean, 30% pork fat.
Source: Adapted from Arganosa et al. (1 979)
aSee Table 1 , footnote b.
Table 6 . Selected processi ng characteri sti cs of beef,
carabeef, lamb, and goat meat.
P arameter Beef Carabeef L amb
Goat
meat
oi l/ 1 00 g protei n (mL )
Young 2 0.96 2 2 .2 6 2 4 .1 2 2 2 .90
Old
2 1 .2 8 2 0.92 2 2 .32 2 2 .6 4
F at released/ 1 00 g emulsi on (g)
Young 0.5 4 0.6 5 0.6 6 0.5 5
Old 0.4 4 0.88 0.5 8 0.4 4
H 2 O released/ 1 00 g emulsi on (g)
Young 2 4 .2 2 5 .0 2 3.0 2 5 .0
Old
2 1 .9 2 3.3 2 2 .2 2 0.3
Salt-soluble protei n
Young 2 .2 3 3.1 9 3.5 2 3.39
Old
2 .97 2 .5 9 3.74 3.5 8
Ex tractable protei na
Young 1 3.2 0 1 5 .06 1 7.2 9 1 6 .34
Old 1 3.5 5 1 1 .6 0 1 7.2 0 1 7.2 2
Moi sture/ protei n rati o
Young 3.5 5 3.5 7 3.75 3.6 9
Old 3.5 0 3.38 3.4 8 3.6 6
pH
Young 5 .5 3 5 .5 8 5 .87 5 .6 9
Old 5 .5 1 5 .4 9 6 .02 5 .91
vi scosi ty of emulsi on wi th
1 00 ML oi l
Young 1 6 00 1 800 3900 2 900
Old
1 4 00 1 300 4 300 3000
V i scosi ty of emulsi on after
homogeni z ati on
Young
5 300 4 800 4 95 0 4 700
Old 5 4 00 5 1 00 5 1 5 0 4 5 00
Source: Turgut (1 984 ).
aSalt-soluble protei n/ total protei n.




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1 1 0
S e s s i o n I I I
C o u n t r y C a s e S t u d i e s :
I s s u e s a n d P r o b l e m s













































1 1 2





































Table 1 . The average per capi ta consumpti on of meat,
mi lk, and eggs.
Year
P opulati on
(x 1 06 ) Meat (kg) Mi lk (L ) Eggs (no.)
1 981 / 82 91 .6 3.70 7.6 6 1 4
1 982 / 83 93.6 3.78 8.4 7 1 5
1 983/ 84 95 .7 4 .00 8.6 8 1 4
1 984 / 85 99.2 3.91 9.71 1 1
Source: BBS (1 986 a).
1 1 3
Table 2 . P roducti on (x 1 03 t) of beef, buffalo, mutton,
and goat meat i n Bangladesh.
Contri buti on
1 974 -76 1 981 1 982 1 983 (%)
Beef 1 4 2 1 6 9 1 94 1 95 77.7
Buffalo meat 3 6 6 6 2 .4
Mutton 2 2 2 2 0.8
Goat meat 2 7 4 6 4 7 4 8 1 9.1
Source: F AO (1 983).




































1 1 4
Table 3. Average retai l pri ce (U SD / seer)a of meats i n Bangladesh
from 1 980/ 81 to 1 986 / 87.
1 980/ 81 ' 81 / 82 ' 82 / 83 ' 83/ 84 ' 84 / 85 ' 85 / 86 ' 86 / 87
Beefb 0.70 0.77 0.77 0.6 2 1 .1 0 1 .4 7 1 .6 3
Goat meatb 0.91 1 .06 1 .05 1 .1 9 1 .5 5 1 .96 2 .30
Chi cken
(li ve)b 0.82 0.92 0.89 1 .1 3 1 .38 1 .30 1 .5 0
Boi ler
(dressed) - - - - - 1 .96 2 .30
Source: BBS (1 986 a).
a 1 seer = 0.9331 kg.
b Superi or q uali ty meat.

































1 1 5


producers)




U rban
retai lers



t





























1 1 6










































1 1 7







1 1 8












































1 1 9








































1 2 0
Table 1 . Selected characteri sti cs of the 1 1 goat meat breeds of Chi na.
L i ve
wei ght at Net
maturi ty (kg) meat Average
--- ---
-
Ki ddi ng rate dressi ng
.3reed R egi on Buck D oe % (%)a %
nanji ao East Si chuan 4 0 30 1 84 4 2 5 5 .7
Chengdu West Si chuan 4 3 33 2 1 0 38 5 4 .0
D u An Northwest Guanx i 4 0 2 7 1 30 - 4 7.5
F uq i ng East coast, F uji an 30 2 6 1 80 - 5 6 .0
Gui z hou Whi te Northeast Gui z hou 33 31 2 74 4 0 5 7.9
H ai men Yangtse D elta 30 2 0 - - 4 6 .0
H uai Southeast H enan 35 2 6 - 4 0.5 4 9.8
L ei z hou L ei z hou P eni nsula 4 9 4 3 2 03 - 4 6 .0
L ongli n West Yunnan 5 0 4 3 1 2 2 - 5 2 .5
Matou H unan and H ubei 4 4 34 2 00 - 6 0.0
Shanx i Whi te South Shanx i 33 2 7 2 5 9 4 0 > 5 0.0
Source: Cheng (1 985 ).
aP ercentage meat on carcass of adult whether.















Chengdu Ma











1 2 1







































1 2 2












































1 2 3














1 2 4














































1 2 5























Table 1 . The populati on of goats i n di fferent states
of Indi a (1 982 ).
State
P opulati on
(x 1 03)
Area
(km2 )
Goats
(km2 )
% of
goats
Andhra P radesh 5 5 34 2 76 75 4 1 9.9 5 .8
Assam 2 030 785 2 3 2 5 .8 2 .1
Bi har 1 2 2 97 1 73876 76 .7 1 3.0
Gujrat 32 6 6 1 95 984 1 6 .6 3.4
H aryana 6 08 4 4 2 2 2 1 3.7 0.6
H i machal P radesh 1 06 0 5 5 6 73 1 9.0 1 .1
Jammu and Kashmi r 94 9 2 2 2 2 36 4 .3 0.9
Karnataka 4 4 4 9 1 91 773 2 3.2 4 .7
Kerala 2 004 4 885 5 4 1 .0 2 .1
Madhya P radesh 75 82 4 4 34 5 9 1 7.1 8.0
Maharashtra 75 1 7 30776 2 2 4 .4 7.9
Mani pur 1 6 2 2 35 6 0.7 -
Meghalaya 1 86 2 2 4 89 8.3 0.2
Nagaland 6 2 1 6 5 2 7 3.8 -
Ori ssa 4 931 1 5 5 84 2 31 .6 5 .2
P unjab 700 5 0376 1 3.9 0.7
R ajasthan 1 5 389 34 2 2 1 4 4 4 .9 1 6 .2
Si kki m 96 - - -
Tami l Nadu 5 1 1 1 1 3006 9 39.3 5 .4
Tri pura 34 3 1 04 77 32 .7 0.4
U ni on Terri tori es 1 81 1 1 9377 1 .5 0.2
U ttar P radesh 96 90 2 94 4 1 3 32 .9 1 0.2
West Bengal 1 091 5 8785 3 1 2 4 .2 1 1 .5
All Indi a 94 91 6 32 81 1 1 0 2 8.9 1 00.0
1 2 6
Table 2 . Goat breeds and thei r di stri buti on i n Indi a.
P opulati on
Breed (x 1 06 )
Adult body wei ght { kg)a
male F emale
Temperate H i malayan regi on
Gaddi 0.770 2 7.4 5 0.4 1 2 4 .72 0.5 1
Chi angthani 0.04 0 2 0.37 0.2 4 1 0.75 0.1 5
Chegu - 39.4 2 1 .5 7 2 5 .71 0.33
Shi ngari - 2 5 .2 3 0.5 6 2 0.35 0.4 1
Northwestern regi on
Jamunapari 0.5 80
4 4 .6 6 1 .89 38.03 0.6 3
Barbari 0.4 4 4 37.85 1 .96 2 2 .5 6 0.32
Kutchi 0.4 02 4 3.5 0 1 .1 6 39.2 9 0.4 0
Jhakrana - 5 7.80 3.5 0 4 4 .4 8 0.5 2
Marwari 3.91 4 33.1 8 1 .77 2 5 .85 0.2 9
Si rohi 0.2 95 5 0.37 2 .5 2 2 2 .5 4 0.1 7
Beetal 0.1 5 9 5 9.07 2 .82 34 .97 0.5 2
Mehsana 0.735 37.1 4 1 .5 1 32 .2 9 0.38
Zalawadi 0.34 1 38.84 1 .4 6 32 .99 0.32
Southern regi on
Surti 0.2 80 2 9.5 0 0.5 0 32 .03 1 .31
Osmanabadi 0.2 1 9 33.6 6 2 .73 32 .36 0.5 5
Malabari 0.389 38.96 2 .32 31 .1 2 0.90
Sangamneri 5 .6 92
Eastern regi on
38.37 2 .4 4 2 8.97 0.4 9
Assam H i ll - 2 5 .4 5 2 .1 2 1 8.31 1 .6 7
Bengal 2 .2 00 32 .37 2 .74 2 0.38 0.1 6
Ganjam 0.4 4 8
4 4 .05 0.1 3 31 .87 0.37
Source: Acharya and Bhat (1 984 ).
aV alues are means SE.












1 2 7
Table 3. Carcass trai ts (mean t SE) of i mportant goats and thei r crosses
i n Indi a.
Age at P re- Meat to
slaughter slaughter H ot carcass D ressi ng bone
(months) wei ght wei ght (kg) %a rati o Sourceb
Assam 6 8.37 3.38 4 0.4 - 1
Assam x Beetal 6 9.5 2 4 .2 0 4 4 .1 - 1
Barbari 1 2 1 7.83 0.6 6 9.0930.4 9 5 0.7 77:2 3 2
1 8 2 1 .1 4 } 0.4 8 1 0.5 5 0.31 4 9.9 83:1 7 3
Barbari c
x Jamunapari 1 1 .5 1 6 .8735 .82 7.70 2 .4 5 4 5 .6 772 3 4
Jamunapari
x Barbari 1 1 1 4 .9030.94 6 .4 3 0.2 3 4 3.2 76 2 4 4
Barbari
Beetalc 1 2 2 1 .89 7.90 1 1 .05 4 .95 5 0.0 80:2 0 4
Beetal
x Barbari 1 2 .8 2 2 .35 32 .88 1 1 .1 1 1 .6 7 4 9.8 81 :1 9 4
Bengal 9 1 2 .97 0.91 6 .1 6 0.5 5 4 7.1 87:1 3 1
1 2 1 1 .5 9 0.84 5 .1 7 0.4 4 4 4 .6 87:1 3 3
Bengal x Beetal 1 2 .4 1 8.1 0 1 .99 8.5 7 1 .30 4 7.4 82 :1 8 1
Beetal x Bengal 1 3 1 9.36 4 .76 9.5 332 .73 4 9.2 76 :2 4 4
Bengal
x Jamunapari 9 1 3.99 0.75 6 .6 0 0.00 4 7.2 - 1
1 1 .8 1 7.87 1 .82 8.73 0.88 4 8.9 84 :1 6 1
Sangamneri 9 1 1 .5 0 1 .4 5 5 .08 0.74 4 4 .2 - 5
1 2 1 2 .5 7 1 .6 7 5 .80 0.4 5 4 6 .1 - 5
1 8 1 8.00 8.00 4 4 .4 - 5
Sangamneri
x Ancora 6 1 2 .2 0 2 .37 5 .0830.1 6 4 1 .6 - 5
9 1 2 .85 0.5 7 4 .4 2 0.4 2 38.4 - 5
1 2 1 6 .4 9 0.79 7.74 } 0.00 4 6 .9 - 5
Si rohi 6 1 3.76 0.2 9 6 .1 3 0.1 5 4 4 .0 84 :1 6 6
Si rohi X Beetal 6 1 5 .31 0.36 6 .92 0.1 8 4 4 .6 84 :1 6 6
Beetal 9 1 5 .6 4 1 .02 7.6 6 0.30 4 9.7 - 7
1 2 2 0.33 4 .83 9.38 2 .74 4 6 .2 772 3 3
Jamunapari 6 1 5 .5 6 1 .6 7 7.4 0 0.92 4 4 .6 - 8
9 2 4 .00 1 .1 6 1 1 .5 6 0.6 5 4 8.2 - 3
1 2 2 2 .5 2 0.96 1 0.39 0.4 2 4 6 .2 81 :1 9 3
Beetal
x Jamunapari 1 0.7 1 7.05 31 .4 5 7.5 0 0.70 4 4 .0 76 :2 4 4
Beetal x Alpi ne 5 1 4 .07 1 .71 5 .2 7 0.83 37.5 - 7, 9
9 1 8.31 0.4 1 9.4 6 0.36 5 1 .7 - 7, 9
Beetal x Saanen 9 1 8.76 0.81 9.4 330.4 4 5 0.3 - 7, 9
aL i ve wei ght basi s.
bl, AICR P (1 985 ); 2 , CIR G (1 986 ); 3, R BSC (1 983); 4 , Si ngh and Sengar
(1 979); 5 , AD H M
(1 96 7);
6 , Mi sra (1 984 ); 7, Chawla and Nath (1 979a); 8, R han et
al. (1 979); 9, Chawla and Nath (1 979b).
clmprover breeds.











1 2 8
Table 4 . Carcass characteri sti cs of Barbari ki ds reared
under stall-fed and semi -i ntensi ve systems.
Carcass trai ts
Stall-fed Semi -i ntensi ve
ki ds feedi ng
Slaughter wei ght (kg) 1 9.5 0.6 1 7.8 0.7
Empty wei ght (kg) 1 7.0 0.6 1 5 .2 0.7
H ot carcass wei ght (kg) 1 0.8 0.4 9.1 0.5
D ressi ng %
L i ve wei ght basi s 5 5 .4 0.8 5 0.7 7.1 2
Empty li ve wei ght basi s 6 3.6 0.8 5 9.3 0.9
Meat (%) 71 .9 0.8 72 .9 0.7
F at 7.7 0.9 4 .3 0.5
Bone 2 0.4 0.5 2 2 .8 0.9
Source: CIR G (1 986 ).































1 2 9
Table 5 . Carcass characteri sti cs and yi elds of
Indi an goat breeds.
Adult
body Age at Meat
wei ght slaughter P reslaughter H ot carcass D ressi ng to bone
(kg) (months) wei ght (kg) wei ght (kg) % rati o
> 35 6 1 4 .98 0.99 6 .73 0.71 4 4 .9 80:2 0
1 2 2 1 .4 2 0.93 9.88 0.84 4 6 .1
2 5 -35 6
1 2
1 1 .4 8 0.71
1 7 83 0 6 6
5 .34 0.1 3
4 9 9 09 0
4 6 .5
5 0 7
80:2 0
< 2 5 6
. .
7.96 0.4 6
. .
3.07 0.2 0
.
38.6 85 :1 5
1 2 1 1 .5 9 0.84 1 5 .1 7 0.4 4 4 4 .6



F eed resources



























1 30
3 0 - 1
2 5 -
2 0
1 5 -
5 1
0 t
7
0
1
3
T
6
G r o w t h s t a g e ( m o n t h s )
T
9
T
1 2
























1 31
1 9 7 9 / 8 0 1 9 8 0 / 8 1 1 9 8 1 / 8 2 1 9 8 2 / 8 3
Y e a r
1 9 8 3 / 8 4


1 9 8 4 / 8 5




















1 32
Table 6 . D rought-resi stant shrubs and trees for goats.
Shrubs Trees
Zlz yphus nummulari a P rosopi s ci nerarla
Zlz yphus rotundi folla Acaci a torta/ i s
Zlz yphus )ujuba Acaci a arabi ca
Capri s aphylla Acaci a Jacq uamowtll
Calllyonum polygoni des Acaci a catachu
L eucaena leucocephala Acaci a si ngal
D lchrostachys nutens Alblz la lebbek
Sesbi ni a grandlflora Malta arabi rachta
Salvadera persi ca
Salvadera oleodes
F i cus rellglosa
F i cus bengalensi s































1 33



































1 34









































1 35
Table 1 . D i stri buti on of human and goat populati ons i n relati on
to land area i n Indonesi a.
L and
P opulati on (no./ km2 )
area
R egi on or i sland (km2 ) H uman Goata
Sumatra 4 736 06 5 9 1 .6 (75 8.2 )
Java and Madura 1 32 1 87 6 90 4 6 .2 (6 1 06 .0)
Bali and Nusa
Tenggara Islands 884 88 96 3.9 (34 7.9)
Kali mantan 5 394 6 0 1 2 0.1 (5 5 .9)
Sulawesi 1 892 1 6 5 5 1 .6 (31 0.7)
Maluku and
Iri an Jaya 4 96 4 86 5 0.2 (81 .8)
Total 1 91 94 4 3 - (76 6 0.4 )
Source: D BP (1 983).
avalues i n parentheses are the actual goat populati ons (x 1 03).
Table 2 . P roducti on of the Kacang and Etawah-grade
goats i n Indonesi a.
Kacang Etawah grade
Bi rth wei ght (kg)
Si ngle
Male
2 .31 0.1
F emale
2 .0 0.1
male
3.9 0.2
F emale
3.3 0.1
Twi ns 2 .1 0.2 1 .7 0.1 3.5 0.1 3.1 0.2
Weani ng wei ght (kg)
Si ngle 1 0.1 0.6 8.5 0.9 1 4 .6 0.9 1 2 .3 0.3
Twi ns 9.4 0.2 7.7 0.9 9.1 0.5 9.4 1 .0
mature wei ght (kg) 2 7.04 0.8 2 4 .2 0.8 4 3.0 3.2 34 .2 1 .0
L i tter si z e 1 .2 9 1 .30
L i tter sex rati o
(male:female) 4 5 :5 5 4 7:5 3
Source: Seti adi et al. (1 985 ).















1 36





























1 37
Table 3. Annual meat producti on of goats i n Indonesi a from
1 974 to 1 984 .
1 974 -76 1 982 1 983 1 984
No. slaughtered (x 1 03) 31 4 7 3700 3800 3800
Carcass wei ght (kg/ ani mal) 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0
Meat produced (x 1 03 t) 31 37 38 38
Source: F AO (1 984 ).







































1 38









































1 39














































1 4 0















































1 4 1

Table 1 . R umi nant li vestock populati on i n Malaysi a for 1 985 .
Speci es Number
swamp buffalo 1 6 0803 1 5 .1
Murrah buffalo 2 5 5 6 0.2
Beef cattle 4 5 4 4 2 8 4 2 .6
D ai ry cattle 982 4 7 9.2
Goats 2 735 86 2 5 .6
Sheep 78305 7.3
Total 1 06 792 5 1 00.0
Source: D i vi si on of V eteri nary Servi ces, Mi ni stry of Agri culture,
Kuala L umpur, Malaysi a.















1 4 2
Table 2 . Goat populati on and goat meat producti on i n
P eni nsular Malaysi a (1 985 ).
Goat
populati on Known Meat
State (x 1 03) slaughtera producti onb
P erli s 8.4 9
Kedah 4 2 .4 4
P ulau P i nang 1 6 .70
P erak 34 .1 7
Selangor 1 4 .6 0
Negri Sembi lan 31 .1 6
Melaka 2 1 .2 1
Johor 2 6 .96
P ahang 1 3.1 5
Terengganu 2 0.01
Kelatan 4 4 .2 4
4 4 9 3.91
306 1 2 6 .6 3
1 5 2 71 1 32 .86
896 8 78.02
31 2 8 2 7.2 1
1 81 2 1 5 .76
1 1 2 5 9.79
34 3 2 .98
1 6 04 1 3.96
5 6 8 4 .94
3900 33.93
wi layah P ersekutuan 0.4 6 - -
Total 2 73.5 9 4 02 2 9 34 9.98
allnrecorded
slaughter accounts for about 5 0% of known slaughter.
bMeat producti on = number of ani mals known slaughtered x average
carcass wei ght (8.7 kg) (Mahendranathan and L eong 1 974 ; V i dyadaran et
al. 1 984 ).




























1 4 3
Table 3. D ressi ng percentage of di fferent breeds
of goats i n Malaysi a.
Breed Sex D ressi ng % Source
male 5 1 .3 D evendra (1 981 )
F emale 39.6 V i dyadaran et al.(1 984 )
Saanen x Anglo-Nubi an
x local male 4 0.1 4 Wahi d et al.(1 985 )
Anglo-Nubi an x local male 39.75 Wahi d et al. (1 985 )
Saanen x Jamunapari
x local Male 39.34 Wahi d et al. (1 985 )
Jamunapari x local male 39.5 7 Wahi d et al. (1 985 )
L ocal Male 4 4 .0 Norai da (1 986 )
L ocal x German
F awn (F l) Male 4 4 .0 Norai da (1 986 )
F l male x local (BCJ) Male 4 6 .0 Norai da (1 986 )
Table 4 . The muscle wei ght di stri buti on (% of total wei ght)
of kambi ng katjang does and Bos taurus hei fers.
muscle group
H ei fers'
(H )
D oesb
(D ) D - H Index c
P rox i mal pelvi c li mb 31 .5 2 7.06 -4 .4 4 85 .9
D i stal pelvi c li mb 4 .3 4 .95 0.6 5 1 1 5 .0
Around spi nal column 1 2 .1 1 4 .80 0.6 5 1 2 2 .3
Abdomi nal wall 1 1 .5 1 1 .6 9 0.1 9 1 01 .7
P rox i mal thoraci c li mb 1 2 .4 1 3.2 2 0.82 1 06 .6
D i stal thoraci c li mb 2 .3 3.1 5 0.85 1 37.0
Thorax -thoraci c li mb 1 0.3 8.2 6 -2 .04 80.2
Neck-thoraci c li mb 5 .2 5 .70 0.5 0 1 09.6
Neck-thorax 9.0 1 1 .1 4 -2 .1 4 1 2 4 .0
aMean total si de muscle wei ght, 77.6 kg; N = 6 3 (Berg and
ButteEfi eld 1 978).
Mean total si de muscle wei ght, 2 .70 kg; N = 1 2 .
cGoat value relati ve to cattle = 1 00.



















1 4 4
Table 5 . P erformance of di fferent breeds of goats i n Malaysi a.
Average dai ly
wei ght gai n
Breed Cbndi ti ona (9)
Katjang x Janmapari Si 5 1 (0-3)
1 6 (3-9)
Katjang x Jamunapari Si 1 9 (> 1 2 )
Katjang x Jr unapari SI 75 (0-3)
2 5 (3-9)
1 0 (9-1 5 )



K a t j a n g ( 7 5 % c r o s s ) I 5 2 - 6 3 ( 3 - 9 )













4 1 (3-1 0)
Bri ti sh Alpi ne x
Bri ti sh Alpi ne Si 83 (0-3)
34 (3-1 2 )

2 1 (3-1 2 )
Sourceb
Teen, unpubli shed

Mustapha and Kamal
(1 982 )
Abdul R ahman et al.
(1 987)
Wahi d, Kamal, et al.
(1 987)
aSI, sari -i ntensi ve; CR , graz i ng; I, i ntensi ve.
Ialues i n parentheses i ndi cate the age range (months) to whi ch
the dai ly wei ght gai n appli es.


















1 4 5












































1 4 6












































1 4 7









































1 4 8











































1 4 9



















































1 5 0







1 5 1












































1 5 2






















7 7
6
R
(7
I 2

3 4 5



1 5 3













































1 5 4
Table 1 . Goat populati on and goat meat producti on i n
P eni nsular Malaysi a (1 985 ).
tudy reed ocati ona
Adult
body
wei ght
(kg)
Age
(weeks)
Growth
rate
(g/ day)
Oli and Morel Khari P AC - 1 5 5 0
(1 985 ) Jamunapari P AC - 1 5 5 0
P radhan and Khari CGF 2 9 1 4 6 5
Gurung (1 985 ) Jamunapari CGF 37 1 4 1 00
aP AC, P akhri bas Agri cultural Centre, Shankuta, Nepal; CGF , Central
Goat F arm, Bandi pur, Nepal.
Table 2 . P erformance of local and Jamunapari x local goats
at di fferent locati ons i n Nepal.
Jamunapari
Characteri sti c L ocal x local Sourcea
Adult body wei ght (kg)
Band} pur 4 0.3 (35 ) 4 4 .4 (2 2 ) 1
IAASbb 2 7.5 (2 5 ) - 2
L i ve wei ght at 6 months (kg)
Bandi pur 1 3.3 (5 ) 1 6 .1 (1 7) 1
P akhri bas 1 1 .1 (2 3) 1 3.4 (9) 3
Growth rate (g/ day)
Bandi pur 6 6 .0 (5 ) 79.0 (36 ) 4
P akhri bas 5 1 .0 (73) 5 5 .0 (1 3) 3
IAAS 4 5 .0 (6 ) - 5
L i tter si z e
Bandi pur 1 .83 1 .2 7 4
P akhri bas 1 .6 8 1 .4 5 3
Age at fi rst ki ddi ng (days)
Bandi pur 34 5 399 4
P akhri bas 4 6 0 6 30 3
Mi lk yi eld (L / lactati on)
P akhri bas 34 .0 5 6 .0 6
IAAS 2 8.0 5
Khumaltar
H i ll goat 5 8.6 7
Terai goat 87.1 7
Note: values i n parentheses i ndi cate the number of head observed.
al, Si ngh (1 984 ); 2 , M. Kharel (personal observati on); 3, Oli ,
1 987; 4 , P radhan and Gurung (1 985 ); 5 , D hakal et al. (1 985 ); 6 , Oli
and Morel (1 985 ); 7, P radhan (1 979).
bInsti tute of Agri culture and Ani mal Sci ences, R ampur, Nepal.







1 5 5


























1 5 6



























Table 3. Ex port and i mport of goats (x 1 03) i n Nepal from
1 981 / 82 to 1 984 / 85 .
1 981 / 82 1 982 / 83 1 983/ 84 1 984 / 85
Ex port 6 3.5 5 6 .3 38.2 6 1 .3
Import 81 .8 6 9.8 1 1 5 .4 96 .5
Source: D epartment of Customs, H i s Majesty' s Government of Nepal,
Kathmandu, Nepal.
Table 4 . Average goat meat pri ces and human to goat rati os i n the
fi ve development regi ons of Nepal.
D evelopment H uman to goat P ri ce
regi on rati o (NP R / kg)
Eastern 2 .7:1 33.4 4
Central 3.3:1 38.5 8
western 3.1 :1 4 0.5 3
Mi dwestern 2 .7:1 31 .1 6
F ar western 3.9:1 4 0.1 6
Source: D F AMS (1 987).
1 5 7
4 5
4 0
3 5 -
3 0 -
2 5 -
2 0
1 5
1 0
5
0
7 7 / 7 8 7 8 / 7 9 7 9 / 8 0 8 0 / 8 1 8 1 / 8 2 8 2 / 8 3 8 3 / 8 4 8 4 / 8 5 8 5 / 8 6

r-
86 / 87




























1 5 8












































1 5 9
































1 6 0










































1 6 1
































Table 1 . L i vestock populati on (x 1 06 ) of P aki stan.
Year Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goats P oultry
1 976 / 77 1 5 .0 1 0.9 1 9.5 2 2 .4 4 8.6
1 977/ 78 1 5 .2 1 1 .1 2 0.1 2 3.2 5 2 .7
1 978/ 79 1 5 .4 1 1 .3 2 0.7 2 4 .0 5 7.4
1 979/ 80 1 5 .6 1 1 .6 2 1 .4 2 4 .9 6 2 .6
1 980/ 81 1 5 .8 1 1 .9 2 2 .1 2 5 .8 6 7.4
1 981 / 82 1 5 .9 1 2 .1 2 2 .8 2 6 .7 73.5
1 982 / 83 1 6 .1 1 2 .4 2 3.5 2 7.7 89.5
1 983/ 84 1 6 .3 1 2 .7 2 4 .2 2 8.7 1 00.6
1 984 / 85 1 6 .5 1 3.4 2 5 .0 2 9.7 1 1 3.7
1 985 / 86 1 6 .7 1 3.4 2 5 .8 30.8 1 2 8.7
change 1 1 .3 2 2 .9 32 .3 37.5 1 6 4 .8
Source: P aki stan (1 986 ).
1 6 2



































Table 2 . Growth rate (g/ day) of vari ous goat breeds.
Breed Buck D oe
Beetal 2 6 4 2 30
H ai rv 2 07 1 6 9
Nachi 1 35 1 36
D era D i n P anah 1 35 1 32
Teddy 80 77
Angora 2 6 0 2 08
Source: H asnai n (1 985 ).
1 6 3


















Table 3. F erti li ty and twi nni ng percentage i n goats.
Breec F erti li ty Twi nni ng
Beetal 84 1 5
Nachi 75 2 6
D era D i r. P annah 6 6 1 0
Teddy 89 4 9
H ai ry 81 36
Source: D L F (1 96 2 -82 ).
Table 4 . Meat producti on (x 1 03 t) from di fferent
speci es of li vestock.
Year Beef Mutton Goat meat P oultry Total
1 976 / 77 375 (5 3.0) 1 .30(1 8.4 ) 1 73(2 4 .4 ) 30(4 .2 ) 708
1 977/ 78 389(5 2 .4 ) 1 37(1 8.4 ) 1 82 (2 4 .5 ) 35 (4 .2 ) 74 3
1 978/ 79 4 04 (5 1 .8) 1 4 4 (1 8.5 ) 1 91 (2 4 .5 ) 4 1 (5 .3) 780
1 979/ 80 4 1 8(5 1 .2 ) 1 5 1 (1 8.5 ) 2 01 (2 4 .6 ) 4 7(5 .8) 81 7
1 980/ 81 4 34 (5 0.5 ) 1 5 8(1 8.4 ) 2 1 2 (2 4 .7) 5 5 (6 .4 ) 85 9
1 981 / 82 4 4 8(4 9.7) 1 6 6 (1 8.4 ) 2 2 3(2 4 .7) 6 5 (7.2 ) 902
1 982 / 83 4 6 5 (4 9.2 ) 1 74 (1 8.4 ) 2 34 (2 4 .7) 2 5 (7.9) 94 7
1 983/ 84 4 88(4 8.3) 1 86 (1 8.4 ) 2 5 0(2 4 .8) 86 (8.5 ) 1 01 0
1 984 / 85 5 1 3(4 7.5 ) 1 98(1 8.4 ) 2 6 9(2 4 .9) 99(9.2 ) 1 079
1 985 / 86 5 39(4 6 .7) 2 1 1 (1 8.3) 2 89(2 5 .0) 1 1 4 (9.9) 1 1 5 4
% change
'
4 3.7 6 2 .3 6 7.1 2 80.0 -
V alues i n parentheses are meat producti on as a Note:
percentage of total producti on.
Source: P aki stan (1 986 ); M.A. Khan (personal observati on).
1 6 4











































1 6 5
P R OD U CER
(Breeder)
1





ED IBL E OF F AL SEL L ER
(plucks, heads, trotters, tri pe)





Market
1



Slaughterhouse











1 6 6





























Table 5 . Number and capaci ty of recogni z ed slaughterhouses
i n P aki stan.
D ai ly capaci ty
P rovi nce No.
L arge
ani mals
Small
ani mals
1 70 2 5 85 1 2 375
Si nd 5 7 1 2 6 2 72 6 6
Baluchi stan 4 0 1 1 9 86 4
Northwest F ronti er P rovi nce 2 5 35 4 772
Total 2 92 4 32 0 2 1 2 77
Source: Khan (1 987).
1 6 7











































1 6 8























1 6 9












































1 70































Table 1 . P er capi ta consumpti on of goat meat (1 973-1 981 ).
P er capi ta
Meat consumed consumpti on
Year (t/ year) (kg)
1 973 9778 0.2 4
1 974 95 07 0.2 3
1 975 92 4 9 0.2 2
1 976 9004 0.2 1
1 977 6 6 6 9 0.1 5
1 978 76 2 4 0.1 7
1 979 771 2 0.1 5
1 980 1 1 32 6 0.2 3
1 981 1 1 5 5 8 0.2 3
1 982 1 2 35 8 0.2 4
1 983 74 4 3 0.1 4
Source: Adapted from Taccad (1 985 ).
1 71














































1 72

















Table 2 . Goat i nventory i n backyard and commerci al
farms by regi on (1 985 ).
R egi on Backyard Commerci al Total
Ilocos 2 4 6 36 0 2 2 90 2 4 86 5 0
Cagayan valley 5 0300 374 0 5 4 04 0
Central L uz on 1 394 90 4 2 1 0 1 4 3700
Southern Tagalog 2 1 2 1 30 4 1 6 0 2 1 6 2 90
Bi col 1 1 3990 4 800 1 1 8790
Central L uz on - - -
Western V i sayas 6 4 0 1 880 2 335 2 0
Central V i sayas 785 0 6 70 3085 2 0
Eastern V i sayas 5 35 30 1 80 5 35 30
western Mi ndanao 1 70090 4 4 0 1 705 30
Northern Mi ndanao 1 4 7790 1 6 30 1 4 94 1 0
Southern Mi ndanao 2 5 8700 5 800 2 6 4 5 06
Central Mi ndanao 2 2 75 5 0 1 72 0 2 2 92 70
P hi li ppi nes 2 1 5 92 30 31 5 2 0 2 1 9075 0
Source: Anon. (1 987).
Table 3. Meat producti on (t) from recogni z ed abattoi rs.
ear eef ork
Mutton
lamb,
goat
meat
H orse
meat
Chi ckens,
ducks
Others,
carabeef
1 979 4 2 6 2 9 6 4 01 9 2 4 5 5 1 94 399 83902
1 980 4 5 32 7 1 95 04 1 6 80 704 1 2 08004 0 396 79
1 981 4 336 1 2 334 2 2 92 0 1 71 3 2 85 04 1 36 75
1 982 394 33 2 2 2 806 1 2 6 1 1 4 37 36 1 05 1 8373
1 983 5 8836 2 4 04 4 0 1 4 37 775 5 6 4 5 5 1 95 37
1 984 4 5 5 86 2 5 5 02 4 775 2 2 8 4 84 82 2 5 398
1 985 4 36 5 4 2 001 5 3 2 04 2 1 2 6 1 0702 5 1 84 98
1 73




























P roducer P roducer
1


1 1


1 74
Table 4 . Average farm gate pri ce (P H P / head li ve wei ght) of
adult goats i n selected regi ons (1 971 -1 980).
Year P hi li ppi nes Central V i sayas Ilocos
1 971 30.9 2 5 .32 4 3.4 3
1 972 33.2 8 (7.5 ) 2 1 .89 (-1 3.6 ) 4 4 .6 9 (2 .9)
1 973 36 .2 8 (1 0.6 ) 2 7.33 (2 4 .8) 4 5 .32 (3.6 )
1 974 5 3.80 (4 4 .2 ) 38.75 (4 1 .8) 6 6 .5 0 (4 3.6 )
1 975 6 4 .78 (2 2 .0) 5 0.30 (2 9.8) 77.4 4 (1 6 .4 )
1 976 74 .81 (1 6 .5 ) 6 3.36 (2 6 .0) 90.75 (1 7.2 )
1 977 79.74 (6 .6 ) 72 .39 (1 4 .2 ) 93.76 (3.3)
1 978 77.6 8 (-2 .6 ) 6 6 .6 7 (-7.9) 93.2 9 (-0.1 )
1 979 91 .91 (1 8.3) 6 1 .90 (7.2 ) 1 2 0.06 (2 8.7)
1 980 1 06 .2 2 (1 5 .6 ) 6 9.1 6 (1 1 .7) 1 4 0.1 8 (1 6 .8)
AAIa 1 6 .3 1 6 .6 1 6 .2
Note: V alues i n parentheses represent the percent i ncrease (or
decrease) from the previ ous year. In March, 1 988, 1 8.8 P hi li ppi ne
pesos (P H P ) = 1 U ni ted States dollar (U SD ).
Source: Taccad (1 985 ).
' Average annual i ncrease.
Table 5 . Seasonal i ndex of pri ces (P H P ) recei ved by farmers
adult goats i n selected areas (1 971 -1 980).
for
Month P hi li ppi nes Central V i sayas Ilocos
January 1 02 .02 96 .6 8 1 02 .6 8
F ebruary 1 02 .5 6 1 05 .6 1 1 00.70
March 1 01 .86 1 1 7.93 94 .87
Apri l 87.1 9 1 00.00 1 01 .93
May 1 00.78 1 01 .2 3 99.74
June 1 00.30 97.2 9 98.38
July 1 01 .78 96 .2 7 1 00.2 9
August 1 00.30 95 .94 1 00.5 1
September 1 00.4 9 94 .2 6 1 00.2 1
October 98.4 3 98.89 99.6 6
November 99.37 99.98 1 00.96
D ecember 97.2 5 98.73 99.1 2
Note: In March, 1 988, 1 8.8 P hi li ppi ne pesos (P H P ) = 1 U ni ted
States dollar (U SD ).
Source: BAE (1 987).















1 75
Table 6 . Average farm gate and outlet pri ces (P H P / head)
of li ve goats (1 978-1 979).
F arm gate pri ce
- - - - Outlet pri ce, q uanti ty

Year P hi li ppi nes Tagalog Wholesale R etai l
1 978 77.6 8 74 .94 1 01 .2 0 1 2 8.30
1 979 91 .91 88.87 1 1 7.2 0 1 5 4 .83
1 980 1 06 .2 2 1 07.72 1 38.92 1 89.30
Note: In March, 1 988, 1 8.8 P hi li ppi nes pesos (P H P ) = 1 U ni ted
States dollar (U SD ).
Source: Taccad (1 985 ).
































1 76












































1 77




1 78
















































1 79



















































1 80
Table 1 . Trends i n populati on growth of goats, slaughter rates and per
capi ta avai labi li ty of goat meat from 1 96 0 to 1 986 .
Goat
populati on
Goats
slaughtered
Meat
producti on
Imports of
goat meat
P er capi ta
avai labi li ty
Year (x 1 03) (x 1 03) (t) (t) (g/ day)b
1 96 0 4 91 1 2 4 (2 5 .3) 1 2 36 .5 2 00 0.4 7
1 96 1 4 92 1 2 5 (2 5 .4 ) 1 2 5 1 .7 2 00 0.5 5
1 96 2 4 5 4 1 2 4 (2 7.3) 1 2 33.2 80 0.4 9
1 96 3 5 38 1 2 1 (2 2 .5 ) 1 2 1 1 .5 6 0 0.4 7
1 96 4 5 6 7 1 2 9 (2 2 .8) 1 2 88.9 1 1 0 0.4 9
1 96 5 6 00 1 4 0 (2 3.3) 1 398.5 300 0.5 8
1 96 6 5 90 1 39 (2 3.6 ) 1 398.7 5 00 0.6 0
1 96 7 5 80 1 6 1 (2 7.8) 1 6 03.5 1 70 0.35
1 96 8 5 84 1 4 6 (2 5 .0) 1 4 5 9.9 4 0.2 7
1 96 9 5 4 3 1 2 6 (2 3.2 ) 1 2 5 6 .2 1 0 0.2 2
1 970 5 5 8 1 31 (2 3.5 ) 1 302 .1 2 0.1 8
1 971 5 4 6 1 2 3 (2 2 .5 ) 1 2 2 4 .8 2 0.1 9
1 972 5 4 8 1 1 4 (2 1 .7) 1 1 35 .2 - 0.1 9
1 973 5 4 9 1 2 5 (2 2 .8) 1 2 4 4 .4 - 0.2 9
1 974 5 4 7 1 38 (2 5 .2 ) 1 371 .9 0.5 0.1 0
1 975 5 4 7 1 4 1 (2 5 .8) 1 4 1 0.2 1 1 0.2 8
1 976 5 6 2 1 33 (2 3.7) 1 330.6 3 0.2 6
1 977 5 4 5 1 2 8 (2 3.5 ) 1 2 75 .5 2 0.2 5
1 978 4 5 0 1 2 7 (2 8.2 ) 1 2 6 5 .9 4 76 0.33
1 979 4 6 1 1 2 4 (2 6 .9) 1 2 33.5 1 0.2 5
1 980 4 93 1 37 (2 7.8) 1 36 5 .7 1 3 0.2 5
1 981 5 1 2 1 37 (2 6 .8) 1 36 8.5 2 0 0.2 5
1 982 5 1 2 1 6 3 (31 .8) 1 6 2 9.6 96 0.30
1 983 5 1 9 1 35 (2 6 .0) 1 34 0.9 1 1 0 0.2 5
1 984 5 35 1 5 1 (2 8.2 ) 1 5 06 .5 5 5 0.2 7
1 985 5 4 0 1 4 4 (2 6 .7) 1 4 36 .5 6 2 0.2 5
1 986 5 34 1 2 1 (2 2 .7) 1 2 1 4 .3 NA NA
Note: NA, not avai lable.
Source: MR ID (1 985 )
I values i n parentheses represent the number of goats slaughtered
as a percentage of goat populati on.
b Annual per capi ta consumpti on of goat meat (1 984 / 85 ) = 95 g.
















1 81
Table 2 . D i stri buti on of the goat populati on
by produci ng regi on.
R egi on 1 981 1 982 1 983 1 984 1 985 1 986
Coconut Tri angle 1 006 00 1 07000 1 07000 1 08777 1 1 5 000 1 1 6
Tea Tri angle 4 5 800 4 3300 4 4 800 4 7703 4 4 800 4 94 00
Mi d country 4 1 700 35 300 4 02 00 4 1 05 0 4 0700 4 01 00
L ow country,
Wet z one 2 3300 2 5 4 00 2 5 1 00 2 5 082 2 3800 2 2 2 00
D ry z one (north
and east) 2 36 6 00 2 384 000 5 2 800 2 5 5 75 9 2 5 1 1 00 2 4 1 6 00
Other areas 5 1 800 6 2 2 00 4 94 00 5 7399 6 02 00 6 4 1 00
All regi ons 4 99800 5 1 1 6 00 5 1 9300 5 35 770 5 396 00 5 336 00
Source: R ajaguru and Senanayake (1 987).
Table 3. D i stri buti on of goats and farmers by di stri ct
accordi ng to product.
D i stri ct Total Meat mi lk
Meat and
mi lk Manure
Anuradhapura
Goats 2 72 2 5 2 - 2 0 -
F armers 1 8 1 7 - 1 1 5
Badulla
Goats 1 4 4 97 2 6 2 1
F armers 1 8 1 3 1 4 1
H ambantala
Goats 1 1 6 4 1 1 4 2 - 2 1 9 -
F armers 36 32 - 4 3
Kandy
Goats 1 92 1 2 7 - 6 5 -
F armers 2 8 1 6 - 1 2 2
Kegalla
Goats 1 1 5 1 09 2 4 -
F armers 1 4 1 2 1 1 -
Moneragala
Goats 95 93 - 1 -
F armers 5 4 - 1 -
P olonnaruwa
Goats 2 6 4 2 5 4 - 1 0 -
F armers 2 0 1 9 - 1 -
P uttalam
Goats 2 06 2 06 - - -
F armers 1 2 1 2 - - 4
Average goats
reared (%) 89.1 2 .7 8.2 8.4
Source: R ajaguru and Senanayake (1 987).









1 82
Table 4 . Breeds used i n di fferent di stri cts (%).
D i stri ct
Nonde-

Anuradhapura 6 3.3 6 .6 - 7.3 0.3 - - - 8.3 1 4 .2
Badulla 4 2 .3 1 4 .3 0.1 - - 2 2 .7 8.0 - 6 .3 6 .3
H ambantota 91 .2 - - 6 .4 - - - - - 2 .4
Kandy 33.4 5 .3 7.2 - - 1 4 .0 9.1 - - 31 .0
Kegalla 5 4 .8 0.9 - - - 2 6 .0 1 6 .5 - - 1 .8
Moneragala 2 6 .4 1 .9 - - - 4 7.4 - - - 2 4 .3
P olonnaruwa 5 7.0 - - - - 0.8 1 7.7 - - 2 4 .5
P uttalam 5 2 .7 0.9 - - 1 .5 1 1 .7 - - - 33.2
Average 5 2 .6 3.7 0.9 1 .7 0.2 1 5 .4 6 .4 - 1 .8 1 7.3
Note: L , local, J, Jamunapari ; S, Saanen; K, Kotukachchi ya; B, Boer.
Source: R ajaguru and Senanayake (1 987).
Table 5 . Carcass recovery (%, mean t SD ) of adult goats
slaughtered i n the Kandy slaughterhouse.
Breed
L i ve wei ght
(kg)
Carcass wei ght
(kg) D ressi ng %
L ocal (i ndi genous)
Male 2 4 .6 3.8 1 0.5 2 .6 4 2 .8 6 .8
F emale 2 2 .0 3.8 8.6 1 .6 4 0.2 3.9
Average 2 2 .8 3.8 9.5 2 .1 4 1 .4 5 .6
Jamunapari
Male
x local
2 5 .1 3.5 1 1 .3 2 .2 4 4 .6 4 .7
F emale 2 8.1 5 .3 1 2 .1 3.2 4 2 .7 4 .7
Average 2 6 .6 4 .4 1 1 .7 2 .7 4 3.6 4 .7
Table 6 . Si z e and composi ti on of goat herds i n
di fferent di stri cts.
z one and di stri ct
Average
herd
si z e
Adult
males
(%)
Adult
females
(%)
Male and
female ki ds
(%)
D ry z one
Anuradhapura 1 5 .1 1 2 .9 5 8.9 2 8.5
H ambantota 32 .7 1 1 .2 6 9.2 1 9.6
P olonnaruwa 1 3.3 6 .0 5 3.9 4 0.1
D ry i ntermedi ate z one
Monaragala 2 0.6 1 8.4 5 0.4 31 .2
P uttalam 1 7.1 9.6 72 .1 1 8.3
wet i ntermedi ate z one
Badulla 8.0 8.6 4 7.1 4 4 .3
Wet z one
Kandy 6 .6 4 .3 4 8.3 4 7.4
Kegalla 8.2 1 1 .3 4 1 .7 4 7.0







1 83
Table 7. L and ownershi p of farmers by di stri ct and z one.
F armers H ousehold land (ha)

z one and di stri ct (%) Owned Not owned
D ry z one
Anuradhapura 89 2 .3 5 .6
H ambantota 86 1 .6 8.6
Moneragala 80 2 1 .4
P olonnaruwa 1 00 0.6
P uttalam 5 8 1 .5 1 8.8
Wet z one
Kandy 6 1 1 .2
Kegalla 71 1 .3
Wet and dry z ones
Badulla 5 0 0.6
overall average 74 3.8 1 0.9
Source: R ajaguru and Senanayake (1 987).
Table 8. F eedi ng methods used by di stri ct and z one.
% graz ed
Zone and Not
di stri ct owned owned
% browsed + % graz ed +
k browsed k stall fed stall fed stall fed
Not Not Not Not
owned owned Owned owned Owned owned owned owned
D ry z one
Anuradhapura 0 0 1 00 1 00 2 2
H ambantota 0 0 8 1 5 8 6
Moneragala 4 0 0 6 0 2 0 4 0
P olonnaruwa 0 0 1 00 1 00 5 0
P uttalam 0 0 7 5 5 8 0
Avg. 5 0 83 6 7 2 9
Wet z one
Kandy 36 4 4 0 89
Kegalla 4 3 36 1 4 7 79
Avg. 4 0 2 0 9 4 84
Wet and dry z ones
Badulla 2 2 5 0 1 1 1 7 1 7
Source: R ajaguru and Senanayake (1 987).
2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
2 0 2 0 2 0 0 0
30 5 0 30 2 0 2 0
0 0 0 0 0
1 4 1 8 1 4 4 4
39 0 0 2 9 0
2 9 1 4 7 4 3 7
34 7 4 36 4
5 0 1 1 6 1 1 0









1 84
Table 9. Average producti on and slaughter of goats from
1 984 to 1 986 by di stri ct i n Sri L anka.
D i stri ct
Goat
populati on
Goats
slaughtereda Statusb
Ampara 1 1 2 7 2 6 80 (2 3.77) SS
Anuradhapura 31 5 06 70 (9.2 2 ) S
Sadulla 1 5 2 5 4 2 4 1 1 (1 5 .6 1 ) SS
Sati caloa 4 1 4 32 392 5 (9.4 9) SS
Colombo 4 75 3 9371 5 (1 971 .70) D
Galle 85 5 6 5 33 (6 .2 3) SS
Gampaha 2 1 5 05 4 5 6 5 (2 1 .2 3) D
H ambantota 6 2 2 9 388 (6 .2 3) SS
Jaffna 91 2 5 7 92 04 (1 0.09) SS
Kalutara 1 1 2 5 3 2 37 (2 .1 1 ) S
Kandy 2 2 5 5 7 7900 (35 .02 ) D
Kegalle 1 8800 6 87 (3.6 5 ) SS
Ki li nochchi 336 08 2 5 1 (0.75 ) S
Kununegala 4 906 5 2 4 04 (4 .90) S
Mannar 2 6 6 37 5 02 (1 .88) S
Matale 1 1 05 6 1 034 (9.35 ) SS
Matara 3886 1 78 (4 .5 8) SS
Moneragala 4 72 2 5 1 0 (1 0.6 0) SS
Mulati vu 1 2 2 2 8 35 6 (2 .91 ) S
Nuwara Eli ya 1 06 1 2 1 6 00 (1 5 .08) SS
P olonnaruwa 1 36 6 3 2 5 6 (1 .87) S
P uttalam 38002 2 2 6 0 (5 .95 ) S
R atnapura 1 076 0 1 739 (1 6 .1 6 ) SS
Tri ncomalee 2 5 099 85 6 (3.4 5 ) S
V avuni ya 8307 300 (3.73) SS
Sri L anka 5 1 1 734 1 385 70 (2 7.08)
Source: R ajaguru and Senanayake (1 987).
a
V alues i n parentheses are the goats slaughtered as a percentage
of the goat populati on.
b D , defi ci t regi on; S, surplus regi ons; SS, self-suffi ci ent
regi on.



















1 85














































1 86












































1 87
















































1 88

















































1 89
Table 1 . Number and di stri buti on of goats i n di fferent regi ons of
Thai land compared wi th other i mportant li vestock speci es.
Goats
R ati o of
H ead other speci es to goat


R egi on H ead holdi ng people Buffalo Cattle Swi ne Sheep
Central 5 6 39 1 1 .7 < 1 91 1 2 6 334 2 .95
North 334 1 4 .8 < 1 36 3 2 96 4 2 6 0.1 8
Northeast 1 5 04 3.2 < 1 2 4 2 0 1 1 2 8 85 8 1 .1 4
South 73979 3.2 1 3 3 1 0 1 0 0.1 7
East coastal
z one 5 86 0 3.5 2 2 2 5 2 78 0.04
West coastal
z one 1 5 330 4 .1 1 6 4 4 6 0.02
Border z one 5 2 789 2 .9 2 6 1 7 1 0.2 3
Average 84 4 6 3 3.4 2 6 6 4 9 6 3 0.38
Source: NSO (1 980).





























1 90













Table 2 . vi llage goat producti on to farmi ng systems
i n southern Thai land.
Annual farm Goats per fami lya
Income from
goats (% of
F armi ng L and owned cash i ncome - - - - -
annual farm
system (ha/ fami ly) per fami ly D oes Total cash i ncome)
F S (2 0) 0.2 5 5 5 91 4 2 .4 (1 -5 ) 5 .8(1 -1 0) 1 .70
R S (33) 0.99 3302 2 .8(1 -6 ) 5 .5 (1 -1 9) 5 5 .5 3
IS (31 ) 1 .85 3701 1 2 .5 (1 -7) 5 .8(1 -2 8) 3.38
R T (37) 1 .97
1 4 4 2 5 2 .4 (1 -1 8) 4 .8(1 -30) 8.83
Average 1 .4 0 2 4 306 2 .5 5 .4 5 .76
avalues i n parentheses are ranges.
bThe number of goat owners i ntervi ewed are show i n parentheses.
F S, fi sh; R S, ri ce; TS, tree crops; R T, R S plus TS.
cIn November 1 987, 2 6 Thai baht (TH B) = 1 U ni ted States dollar
(U SD ).
Table 3. Management system of vi llage goat producti on used i n
southern Thai land duri ng the wet and dry seasons (%).
F armi n4 F ree to Controlled Cut and
system3 Tether roam graz i ng carry
wet season
F S (2 0) 35 .0 5 0.0 5 .0 1 0.0
R S (33) 75 .8 9.1 - 1 5 .1
TS (31 ) 5 6 .1 1 6 .1 - 2 5 .8
R T (37) 78.4 5 .4 2 .7 1 3.5
Avg. 6 5 .3 1 6 .5
D ry season
1 .7 1 6 .5
F S (2 0) 2 5 .0 75 .0 -
R S (33) 84 .8 6 .1 9.1
TS (31 ) 74 .2 2 5 .8 -
R T (37) 91 .9 8.1 -
Avg. 74 .4 2 3.1 2 .5
I The number of goat owners i ntervi ewed are shown i n parentheses.
F S, fi sh; R S, ri ce; TS, tree crops; R T, R S plus TS.
1 91



























Male
3 6 9 1 2 1 8 2 4 +

0
A g e ( m o n t h s )
0 3 6 9 1 2

1 8 2 4 +


1 92






















Table 4 . R eproducti ve and mortali ty rates of Thai nati ve
goats under vi llage condi ti ons.
Age of doe Ki ddi ng rate weani ng rate P reweani ng mortali ty
(years) rate (9)
< 1 1 30.8 82 .7 36 .8
1 -2 1 94 .4 1 31 .8 32 .2
> 2 2 07.9 1 5 5 .7 2 5 .1
Average 1 89.6 1 34 .5 2 9.1
Table 5 . P ri ces (TH B/ head)a of li ve goats i n southern
Thai land i n 1 984 and 1 987.
Age P ri ce change
(years) Sex 1 984 b 1 987c
< 1 Male 396 5 4 4 37.4
F emale 36 7 4 33 1 8.1
1 -2 Male 5 33 71 0 33.2
F emale 393 4 85 2 3.4
> 2 Male 5 5 0 74 0 34 .6
F emale 398 4 86 2 2 .1
aIn November 1 987, 2 6 Thai baht (TH B) = 1 U ni ted States dollar
(U SD ).
bSource: Sai thanoo, Sutti yoti n et al. (1 985 ).
cSource: S. Sai thanoo, W.A. P atti e, and B.W. Norton (1 987),
unpubli shed data.
1 93
Male



0 1 2 3 4 5 6
A g e ( m o n t h s )






























1 94
















p p . 6 7 - 7 9 .





























1 95



















1 96








































1 97















































1 98

























1 99
S e s s i o n I V
E c o n o m i c s a n d M a r k e t i n g












































2 02















































2 03
















































2 04













































2 05














































2 06
Table 1 . Costs and returns (ID R )a from small rumi nant
producti on of semi commerci al farms at two
i n Java, Indonesi a, i n 1 982 .
locati ons
Ci rebon Garut
I II III I II III
Costs
Bui ldi ng 6 0000 1 3300 4 0000 300000 1 33333 75 0000
Eq ui pment 1 875 0 1 9700 33000 2 5 000 30000 30000
F eed 4 5 9900 91 2 5 0 2 2 6 3000 91 2 5 00 985 5 00 7300000
Mi nerals 5 00 300 1 000 5 00 1 000 705 00
Medi ci ne 0 4 800 2 05 00 6 000 1 4 1 000 30000
L abour
Opportuni ty
1 2 0000 0 1 095 000 8092 00 2 04 6 800 35 1 0000
cost 1 2 375 0 6 3000 1 05 000 36 0000 6 6 75 00 1 92 0000
Others 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 8000
Total
R eturns
Meat/ li ve-
802 900 1 92 35 0 35 5 75 00 2 4 1 32 00 4 005 1 33 1 37385 00
stock 4 6 32 00 4 882 5 0 95 5 5 00 37705 5 0 75 84 1 92 2 8800000
Mi lk 0 0 2 92 0000 0 0 0
Manure 76 6 5 0 1 0800 1 5 3300 35 04 00 4 781 5 0 1 4 6 0000
Total 5 3985 0 4 9905 0 4 02 8800 4 1 2 095 0 806 2 34 2 302 6 0000
Source: x ni pscheer et al. (1 983).
aIn March 1 988, 1 6 1 0 Indonesi an rupi ah (ID R ) = 1 U ni ted States
dollar (U SD ).


























2 07

















































2 0 8
Table 2 . Cost and return analysi s (P KR ) of goat meat
producti on i n D era Kher Maq adam, P unjab, P aki stan.
Scenari o
Actual A B C
F i x ed costs
Stock' 2 2 00 2 000 2 000 2 000
Shed 3000 4 000 4 000 2 5 00
Total 5 2 00 4 000 4 000 2 5 00
vari able costs
F eeda 1 4 92 1 4 92 1 4 92 900
L abour 4 6 00 4 6 00 7000 1 5 00
Medi ci ne 5 0 5 0 5 0 2 5
Mortali ty 5 00 5 00 5 00 5 00
Others 6 5 6 5 6 5 0
Interest foregone 0 0 0 0
Total 6 707 6 707 92 72 2 92 5
R eturns
value of si x males 2 700 2 700 2 700 2 700
value of si x females 3300 3300 3300 3300
Manure 4 5 0 4 5 0 4 5 0 4 5 0
Total 6 4 5 0 6 4 5 0 6 4 5 0 6 4 5 0
P rofi tb -2 5 7 -2 5 7 -2 82 2 35 2 5
Source: Muz affar Iq bal Bhatti , personal communi cati on (November
1 877 survey).
aF our goats at P KR 5 5 0/ goat. In March 1 988, 1 7.1 P aki stan rupees
(P KR ) = 1 U ni ted States dollar (U SD ).
bP rofi t = returns - vari able costs.





















2 09












































2 1 0







2 1 1

















































2 1 2




























Table 1 . Annual meat producti on (x 1 03 t) i n Indi a
from slaughtered ani mals.
1 979-81
(avg.) 1 982 1 983 1 984 1 985
Beef and veal 74 (9)a 80(9) 80(8) 86 (9) 89(9)
Buffalo meat 1 07(1 3) 1 30(1 4 ) 1 32 (1 4 ) 1 34 (1 3) 1 35 (1 3)
Mutton and lamb 1 2 0(1 4 ) 1 2 7(1 3) 1 34 (1 4 ) 1 34 (1 3) 1 35 (1 3)
Goat meat 2 6 9(32 ) 2 88(30) 302 (31 ) 305 (30) 31 5 (30)
P ork 70(8) 80(9) 80(8) 82 (8) 85 (8)
P oultry 1 1 1 (1 3) 1 30(1 4 ) 1 37(1 4 ) 1 5 0(1 5 ) 1 5 8(1 5 )
Others 1 00(1 1 ) 1 05 (1 1 ) 1 1 0(1 1 ) 1 1 5 (1 2 ) 1 1 9(1 2 )
Total 85 1 94 5 975 1 006 1 036
Source: F AO (1 985 ).
a
values i n parentheses represent percentages of total meat
producti on.
2 1 3













































2 1 4
Table 2 . R etai l meat pri ces (INR / kg)a of mutton and goat meat
i n the D elhi and Calcutta metropoli tan markets of Indi a.
Mutton Goat meat
D elhi Calcutta D elhi Calcutta
1 982
Jan.-Mar. 1 8 2 0 1 8 2 2
Apr.-June 2 0 2 1 2 0 2 3
July-Sept. 2 0 2 1 2 0 2 4
Oct.-D ec. 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 4
1 983
Jan.-Mar. 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 2
Apr.-June 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 2
July-Sept. 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2
Oct.-D ec. 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 3
1 984
Jan.-Mar. 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 4
Apr.-June 2 0 2 2 2 0 2 5
July-Sept. 2 0 2 4 2 0 2 7
Oct.-D ec. 2 1 2 5 2 1 30
1 985
Jan.-Mar. 2 2 2 8 2 2 2 8
Apr.-June 2 3 2 8 2 4 2 9
July-Sept. 2 4 2 9 2 4 30
Oct.-D ec. 2 6 30 2 6 31
1 986
Jan.-Mar. 2 6 30 2 6 34
Apr.-June 2 6 32 2 6 36
July-Sept. 2 8 34 2 8 38
Oct.-D ec. 2 8 36 2 8 38
1 987
Jan.-Mar. 2 8 35 2 8 38
Apr.-June 30 34 2 9 39
July-Sept. 32 34 30 39
Source: D ES (1 982 -1 987).
aIn March 1 988, 1 2 .2 Indi an rupees (INR ) = 1 U ni ted States dollar
(U SD ).


















2 1 5
























Table 3. Ex port of meat (t) from Indi a.
1 982 / 83 1 983/ 84 1 984 / 85 1 985 / 86 1 986 / 87
F resh, chi lled 1 0889 1 1 82 9 1 4 032 1 32 08 95 78
F roz en 4 06 89 2 6 2 6 2 96 05 34 01 2 36 06 4
Canned 2 5 1 2 1 6 5 3 2 05 0 1 388 1 376
Bovi ne meat 4 31 76 2 7770 32 303 35 4 00 374 4 0
Mutton 894 9 1 04 1 1 1 02 32 1 02 1 0 831 4
Goat meat 1 96 5 1 5 6 8 31 5 3 2 998 1 06 4
Total 5 4 090 3974 9 4 5 6 87 4 86 08 4 6 81 8
Source: Indi a (1 983-1 985 , 1 985 -1 987).
Table 4 . Ex port (t) of sheep and goat meat from Indi a.
1 982 / 83 1 983/ 84 1 984 / 85 1 985 / 86
U ni ted Arab
Emi rates 81 6 7 86 5 0 892 9 772 6
Oman 1 4 6 5 1 6 2 8 1 986 31 88
Saudi Arabi a 6 03 1 1 6 5 1 1 2 8 1 5 37
Bahrai n 2 2 6 381 788 6 6 5
Kuwai t - - 2 07 2 0
Q atar 4 0 - - -
Others 4 5 3 1 5 5 34 6 72
Total 1 091 4 1 1 979 1 3884 1 32 08
Source: Indi a (1 983-1 985 , 1 985 -1 987).
2 1 6
Table 5 . F ree-on-board ex port earni ngs (INR / kg)a
from mutton and goat meat.
Year Mutton Goat meat
1 982 / 83 1 8.2 6 1 8.32
1 983/ 84 2 0.1 0 2 0.09
1 984 / 85 1 9.97 2 0.4 9
1 985 / 86 2 1 .95 2 2 .1 8
1 986 / 87 2 4 .5 2 2 4 .2 5
Source: Indi a (1 983-1 985 , 1 985 -1 987).
aIn March 1 988, 1 2 .2 Indi an rupees (INR ) = 1 U ni ted States dollar
(U SP ).
































2 1 7













































2 1 8










2 1 9















































2 2 0















































2 2 1
Table 1 . Increase i n the total consumpti on (C) and i mports (I)
(x 1 03 t) of vari ous meats i n major i mporti ng countri es.
Mutton and
goat meat P oultry meat Beef
Country Years C I C I C I
D emocrati c 1 974 -76 1 1 1 1 0 2 0
Yemen 1 979-81 1 2 3 5 4 3 1
1 982 -84 1 2 4 8 7 5 2
Egypt 1 974 -76 4 6 1 97 0 2 6 2 34
1 979-81 4 9 6 1 74 5 6 32 5 91
1 982 -84 4 8 2 2 1 7 4 6 4 4 2 1 88
Iraq 1 974 -76 6 7 6 36 7 5 1 4
1 979-81 84 2 0 1 6 5 1 09 79 30
1 982 -84 78 2 5 2 1 1 1 04 1 4 4 1 07
Kuwai t 1 974 -76 2 0 2 1 2 0 1 6 5 5
1 979-81 36 37 38 38 1 2 1 5
Saudi Arabi a 1 974 -76 32 1 2 5 9 4 2 1 4 1 1
1 979-81 96 70 2 1 6 1 73 6 8 6 2
1 982 -84 1 2 7 90 336 1 99 1 5 4 1 38
U ni ted Arab 1 975 -76 8 1 1 1 3 1 4 3 3
Emi rates 1 979-81 2 1 2 7 38 4 2 4 3
Yemen 1 974 -76 4 1 0 2 0 1 2 1
1 979-81 4 4 3 4 9 4 5 1 4 4
1 982 -84 4 6 3 5 2 4 2 1 4 4























2 2 2
Table 2 . Import of sheep and goats and thei r meats i n
the Near East.
L i ve sheep L i ve goats
Mutton




Country Year head head head head t U SD / t
Bahrai n 1 981 1 30 77 5 0 88 1 2 75 2 92 1
1 986 2 5 0 6 4 - - 1 4 00 2 1 4 3
D emocrati c 1 981 1 5 0 78 - - 1 06 9 2 1 92
Yemen 1 986 1 93 4 6 - - 300 1 5 00
Egypt 1 981 1 4 5 7872 1 5 86
1 986 88 5 7 3000 1 333
Iran 1 981 4 6 1 32 - 1 2 5 000 1 76 0
1 986 - - - 1 5 5 000 1 71 0
Iraq 1 981 1 1 0 5 7 - - 30700 2 1 1 7
1 986 35 0 6 0 2 0000 1 6 00
Kuwai t 1 981 1 5 1 7 6 7 - - 1 3382 2 02 8
1 986 2 4 00 5 7 6 000 1 833
L ebanon 1 981 2 5 0 6 6 70 71 5 000 1 6 00
1 986 1 5 0 6 7 5 0 1 04 5 00 1 900
L i bya 1 981 2 5 02 1 0B - - 6 32 8 35 06
1 986 1 4 00 80 - - 1 000 2 700
Oman 1 981 6 7 6 0 - - 7795 2 4 5 7
1 986 1 5 0 4 8 - - 1 2 800 2 2 4 0
Q atar 1 981 4 00 6 1 - - 1 2 75 2 1 02
1 986 705 4 8 - - 1 2 5 0 2 2 4 0
Saudi Arabi a 1 981 5 94 6 83 82 90 32 801 2 391
1 986 6 2 90 5 9 2 00 6 3 1 75 83 1 84 8
U ni ted Arab 1 981 2 5 0 87 - - 2 0000 2 4 00
Emi rates 1 986 800 6 9 - - 2 4 000 1 5 83
Yemen 1 96 1 1 4 5 4 2 2 9 36 305 2 1 84
1 986 1 6 0 4 4 30 37 1 000 1 6 00
Note: Import values are CIF (cost + i nsurance + frei ght)
Table 3. Current reti al pri ces (1 987) of slaughter stock and meat
(U SD / kg) i n selected countri es.
Cattle Sheep and goats
L i ve P ri me-grade F roz en L i ve P ri me-grade F roz en
Country ani mal fresh meat meat ani mal fresh meat meat
Egypt 1 .3-1 .5 3.0-3.5 1 .75 1 .5 -1 .7 3.5 -4 .0 2 .0
Iraq 6 .0 1 0-1 3 3.0 6 .0-7.0 1 2 -1 5 3.5
Kuwai t
Saudi
and
Arabi a 3.0-4 .0 7.0-8.0 3.0 4 .0-5 .0 8-1 0 3.0
Oman 4 .0 8.0-1 0.0 4 .0 5 .0-7.0 9-1 2 3.0
U ni ted Arab
Emi rates 1 .3-2 .0 3.0-4 .5 2 .0-2 .5 1 .5 -3.5 3.5 -5 .5 2 .0-2 .5
Yemen 3.0-3.5 8-1 0 5 .0 4 .0-5 .0 1 0-1 2 5 .0
2 2 3














































2 2 4

















































2 2 5





























Table 4 . Ex ports of sheep and goats and thei r meat from selected countri es.
L i ve sheep L i ve goats







Australi a 1 981 5 74 0 34 - - 2 4 2 5 83 1 5 1 2 - -
1 986 6 36 8 1 9 - - 1 4 3997 1 06 2 4 35 7 1 1 99
New 1 981 2 1 87 - - 4 94 2 4 7 1 6 33 84 7 1 6 2 5
Zealand 1 986 1 4 9 2 4 - - 4 4 86 6 1 1 1 2 6 4 05 1 336
Somali a 1 981 700 6 9 76 6 71 - -
1 986 5 70 5 8 5 5 0 5 3 - -
Sudan 1 981 4 95 82 4 34 7 32 86
1 986 35 0 1 03 - - - -
Turkey 1 981 1 6 08 1 1 6 31 0 80 2 4 71 3 3083 2 1 000
1 986 2 5 83 80 385 5 2 35 2 5 4 1 773 1 02 2 02 0
Note: Ex port values are F OB (free-on-board).
2 2 6
Table S. Imports of sheep and thei r meats i n Asi a.
L i ve sheep L i ve goats



Country Year (x 1 03) U SD / head (x 1 03) U SD / head t U SD / t t U SD / t
Chi na 1 981 - - - 6 00 1 5 00 - -
1 986 - - - - 1 1 00 81 8 - -
F i ji 1 981
1 986
H ong Kong 1 981
1 986 3
Malaysi a 1 981 4 1 1 1
3832 1 5 96 2 36 2 04 2
2 7
6 800 1 02 9
1 6 4 3 2 4 73 31 81
1 7 2 5 2 91 1 2 06 9
1 34 7 4 1 1 3
1 5 2 2 2 1 5 3
32 4 9 1 6 5 3
1 986 5 80 - - 6 000 1 5 00
Mauri ti us 1 981
1 986
P hi li ppi nes 1 981
1 986
1 5 96 1 731
2 6 6 7 1 04 5 1 33 1 01 5
6 1 4 2 4 6
- - 2 0 6 1 5 0
R epubli c of 1 981 - - - - 1 05 77 1 090
Korea 1 986 - - - - 1 35 77 81 4
Si ngapore 1 981 6 3 5 9 - - 5 2 5 0 1 84 2
1 986 6 1 4 6 1 4 8 6 1 70 1 1 4 5
Tai wan 1 96 1 - - - - 4 06 9 1 771
1 986 - - - - 1 01 00 979
Note: Ex port values are CIF (cost + i nsurance + frei ght).
Table 6 . Share of cattle, sheep and goats (%) i n the total
value of red meat and li ve ani mal i mports.
Meat L i ve ani mals
R egi on Cattle Sheep Goats Cattle Sheep Goats
Near East
1 981 4 8.7 5 1 .3 0 2 5 .3 73.3 1 .4
1 986 6 1 .3 36 .7 0 2 3.5 74 .7 1 .8
Asi a
1 981 6 5 .2 30.0 4 .8 94 .4 4 .0 1 .6
1 986 2 5 .8 6 7.7 6 .5 87.6 7.3 5 .1
aNear East and Asi a i nclude all countri es of the respecti ve
regi ons.










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cold store holdi ng area
Meat L i vestock
cold store shop























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Table 1 . P roducts from the slaughter of a goat wi th an
ex pected carcass wei ght of 1 0 kg i n an urban slaughterhouse.
P roduct V alue (INR )a % of total
Meat 36 0 78.3
Ski n 5 5 1 2 .2
L i ver 1 4 3.0
H ead and legs 2 0 4 .3
Stomach 8
Blood 2 2 .4
Intesti ne 1
aIn march 1 988, 1 2 .2 Indi an rupees (INR ) = U ni ted States dollar
(U SD ).
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Table 2 . Important termi nal markets for raw goat ski ns.
Market Annual turnovera
Calcutta (west Bengal) 1 2 .0
D elhi 7.2
Chenganancherri (Kerala) 3.7
Bombay (Maharashtra) 3.5
Kanpur (U ttar P radesh) 2 .9
H yderabad (Andhra P radesh) 2 .5
Solapur (Maharashtra) 1 .3
Ahmedabad (Gujarat) 0.9
Yedsi (Maharashtra) 0.8
Jai pur (R ajasthan) 0.8
F ai z abad (U ttar P radesh) 0.8
Madras (Tami l Nadu) 0.8
L ucknow (U ttar P radesh) 0.7
Surat (Gujarat) 0.7
Amri tsar (P unjab) 0.7
Gauhati (Assam) 0.7
vi jayawada (Andhra P radesh) 0.6
Muz afarpur (Bi har) 0.6
D arbhanga (Bi har)
0.6
Guntur (Andhra P radesh) 0.6
Chauri -Chaura (U ttar P radesh) 0.5
P atna (Bi har) 0.5
Source: CL R I (1 987).
aMi lli ons of pi eces.
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Table 1 . Goats slaughtered i n the recogni z ed slaughterhouses
of P aki stan.
Goats Goats
Year slaughtered (x 1 03)a Year slaughtered (x 1 03)a
1 975 / 76 2 2 5 4 .8 1 981 / 82 2 998.5 (2 .9)
1 976 / 77 2 2 73.9 (0.8) 1 982 / 83 3737.7 (2 4 .7)
1 977/ 78 2 2 94 .5 (0.9) 1 983/ 84 34 2 0.2 (-8.5 )
1 978/ 79 2 32 5 .5 (1 .4 ) 1 984 / 85 3372 .2 (-1 .4 )
1 979/ 80 2 36 8.8 (1 .9) 1 985 / 86 5 2 88.8 (5 6 .8)
1 980/ 81 2 91 5 .1 (2 3.1 )
avalues i n parentheses represent the percent i ncrease (or
decrease) from the previ ous year.
Table 2 . Annual producti on (x 1 03 t) of ani mal blood
i n P aki stan.
Year
Total
producti ona
P roducti on
from goats
1 971 / 72 1 4 .2 1 .38 (9.72 )
1 972 / 73 1 5 .0 1 .6 5 (1 1 .00)
1 973/ 74 1 6 .0 1 .83 (1 1 .4 4 )
1 974 / 75 1 6 .0 1 .95 (1 2 .1 9)
1 975 / 76 1 7.1 2 .00 (1 1 .70)
1 976 / 77 1 7.9 2 .05 (1 1 .4 5 )
1 977/ 78 1 8.8 2 .07 (1 1 .01 )
1 978/ 79 1 9.6 2 .09 (1 0.6 6 )
1 979/ 80 2 0.5 2 .1 5 (1 2 .04 )
1 980/ 81 2 1 .5 2 .6 5 (1 4 .1 1 )
1 981 / 82 2 2 .5 2 .72 (1 3.92 )
1 982 / 83 2 3.9 3.4 0 (1 6 .5 9)
1 983/ 84 2 5 .5 3.1 1 (1 4 .4 7)
1 984 / 85 2 7.2 3.07 (1 3.6 4 )
1 985 / 86 2 9.6 4 .81 (2 0.1 4 )
1 986 / 870 31 .0 5 .1 7 (2 0.2 6 )
aSource: P aki stan (1 975 , 1 984 , 1 987).
bV alues i n parentheses represent the blood producti on from
goats as a percentage of total producti on.
ci uly to March.
















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Table 3. Annual producti on (x 1 03 t) of ani mal fat
i n P aki stan.
Year
Total P roducti on
producti ona from goatsa
1 971 / 72 4 5 .8 0.1 0 (0.2 2 )
1 972 / 73 4 7.2 0.1 2 (0.2 5 )
1 973/ 74 1 4 .9 0.1 4 (0.94 )
1 974 / 75 5 2 .2 0.1 5 (0.2 9)
1 975 / 76 5 4 .7 1 .5 3 (2 .08)
1 976 / 77 5 7.2 1 .5 5 (2 .71 )
1 977/ 78 5 9.8 1 .5 7 (2 .6 3)
1 978/ 79 6 2 .5 1 .6 0 (2 .5 6 )
1 979/ 80 6 5 .3 1 .6 1 (2 .4 7)
1 980/ 81 6 8.3 1 .98 (2 .90)
1 981 / 82 71 .4 2 .04 (2 .86 )
1 982 / 83 74 .7 2 .5 4 (3.4 0)
1 983/ 84 79.3 2 .33 (2 .94 )
1 984 / 85 84 .1 2 .2 9 (2 .72 )
1 985 / 86 89.0 3.6 0 (4 .04 )
1 986 / 87' 94 .7 3.86 (4 .08)
aSource: P aki stan (1 975 , 1 984 , 1 987).
bV alues i n parentheses represent the fat producti on from goats as
a percentage of total fat producti on.
' July to March.
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Table 4 . Annual producti on (x 1 03 t) of ani mal bones
i n P aki stan.
Year
Total
producti ona
P roducti on
from goats
1 971 / 72 1 5 2 0.2 1 (0.1 4 )
1 972 / 73 1 5 7 0.2 4 (0.1 5 )
1 973/ 74 1 6 1 0.2 7 (0.1 7)
1 974 / 75 1 6 6 0.4 9 (0.30)
1 975 / 76 1 73 2 .07 (1 .2 7)
1 976 / 77 1 77 2 .30 (1 .30)
1 977/ 78 1 81 2 .4 2 (1 .34 )
1 978/ 79 1 85 2 .95 (1 .5 9)
1 979/ 80 1 89 3.2 2 (1 .70)
1 980/ 81 1 94 3.96 (2 .04 )
1 981 / 82 1 99 4 .07 (2 .05 )
1 982 / 83 2 03 5 .08 (2 .5 0)
1 983/ 84 2 08 4 .6 5 (2 .2 4 )
1 984 / 85 2 1 3 4 .5 9 (2 .1 5 )
1 985 / 86 2 1 8 4 .89 (3.30)
1 96 6 / 870 2 2 3 5 .4 5 (2 .4 4 )
aSource: P aki stan (1 975 , 1 984 , 1 987).
bV alues i n parentheses represent the bone producti on of goats as a
percentage of total bone producti on.
Ci uly to March.






















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Table 5 . P roducti on (x 1 03 t) of guts i n P aki stan.
Year
Total
producti on
P roducti on
from goats'
1 971 %72 2 0.0 0.1 4 (0.70)
1 972 / 73 2 1 .5 0.1 6 (0.74 )
1 973/ 74 2 3.0 0.1 8 (0.78)
1 974 / 75 2 4 .9 0.2 0 (0.80)
1 975 / 76 2 6 .4 2 .03 (7.70)
1 976 / 77 2 8.0 2 .05 (7.32 )
1 977/ 78 31 .0 2 .1 1 (6 .80)
1 978/ 79 33.5 2 .1 8 (6 .5 0)
1 979/ 80 35 .2 2 .2 3 (6 .33)
1 980/ 6 1 37.7 2 .6 3 (7.00)
1 981 / 82 4 0.3 2 .70 (6 .70)
1 982 / 83 4 3.6 3.36 (7.70)
1 983/ 84 4 4 .8 3.08 (6 .87)
1 984 / 85 4 6 .0 3.04 (6 .6 0)
1 985 / 86 4 7.3 4 .76 (1 0.06 )
1 986 / 87 5 0.0 5 .1 1 (1 0.2 2 )
avalues i n parentheses represent the gut producti on of goats as a
percentage of total gut producti on.
Table 6 . Annual ex port value and q uanti ty of ani mal casi ng
produced i n P aki stan.
Year
Q uanti ty
(x 1 03 kg)
V alue
(x 1 06 P KR )
U ni t value
(P KR / kg)a
1 96 9/ 70 2 96 1 5 5 0
1 970/ 71 4 2 4 8 2 0
1 971 / 72 2 4 8 1 0 38
1 972 / 73 2 6 5 2 1 80
1 973/ 74 4 89 2 9 6 0
1 974 / 75 1 6 5 2 1 1 2 8
1 975 / 76 2 5 6 35 1 37
1 976 / 77 2 1 3 33 1 5 5
1 977/ 78 1 82 2 6 1 4 5
1 978/ 79 2 2 4 31 1 39
1 979/ 80 2 31 4 1 31 4
1 980/ 81 2 6 9 6 0 2 2 3
1 981 / 82 2 70 5 7 2 1 0
1 982 / 83 2 6 2 5 3 2 01
1 983/ 84 2 87 5 6 1 95
1 984 / 85 338 6 9 2 04
1 985 / 86 4 82 99 2 05
1 986 / 87 36 0 99 2 75
aIn March 1 988, 1 7.1 P aki stan rupees (P KR ) = 1 U ni ted States
dollar (U SD ).








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C o n c l u s i o n s a n d
R e c o m m e n d a t i o n s









































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Country
or regi on Breedsa
Bangladesh Black Bengal
Chi na
Indi a
Nepal
P aki stan
Sri L anka
Southeast Asi a
a D P , dual purpose.
Banji ao, Chengdu Ma, D u An, F uq ui ng,
Gui z hou whi te, H ai men, H uai , L ei z hou,
L ongli n, Matou, Shanx i Whi te
Barbari , Black Bengal, Cutchi , Ganjam,
Khasi (Assam H i ll goat), Malabari ,
Marwari , Osmanabadi , Sangamaneri , Si rohi
(D P )
Changra, Khari , Si nhal, Terai
Barbari (D P , " Barri " ), Bangal (Teddy),
Bugri , Chappar (D P ), D amani , Jattan (D P ),
Kacchan (D P ), Kaghani , Kai l, L ehri ,
P atteri , Tapri
Kotukachchi ya





















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2 6 2
H e a d O f f i c e


I D R C , T a n g l i n P . O . B o x 1 0 1 , S i n g a p o r e 9 1 2 4 , R e p u b l i c o f
S i n g a p o r e
R e g i o n a l O f f i c e f o r S o u t h A s i a
I D R C , 1 1 J o r B a g h , N e w D e l h i 1 1 0 0 0 3 , I n d i a
R e g i o n a l O f f i c e f o r E a s t e r n a n d S o u t h e r n A f r i c a
I D R C , P . O . B o x 6 2 0 8 4 , N a i r o b i , K e n y a
R e g i o n a l O f f i c e f o r t h e M i d d l e E a s t a n d N o r t h A f r i c a
I D R C / C R D I , P . O . B o x 1 4 O r m a n , G i z a , C a i r o , E g y p t
R e g i o n a l O f f i c e f o r W e s t a n d C e n t r a l A f r i c a



P l e a s e d i r e c t r e q u e s t s f o r i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t I D R C a n d i t s
a c t i v i t i e s t o t h e I D R C o f f i c e i n y o u r r e g i o n .