PRINCIPLE OF BUISNESS
SYLLABUS
Section 1: The Nature of Business
• Definition of business
• Characteristics of business
• The role of business in society
• Business and economic activities
• Types of businesses:
• Sole trader
• Partnership
• Companies (private and public)
• Co-operatives
• Franchises
• State corporations
• Classification of businesses (private vs.
public sector, profit vs. non-profit
organizations)
• The role of the entrepreneur
• Factors of production (land, labor, capital,
entrepreneurship)
Section 2: Internal Organizational
Environment
• Organizational structure
• Levels of management
• Functions of management (planning,
organizing, directing, controlling)
• Leadership styles (autocratic, democratic,
laissez-faire)
• Communication in business
• Importance of teamwork
Section 3: Establishing a Business
• Steps in establishing a business
• Sources of business ideas
• Feasibility study
• Business plan
• Choice of location
• Factors affecting location decisions
Section 4: Legal Aspects of Business
• Legal requirements for establishing a
business
• Types of business ownership (sole trader,
partnership, company, co-operative)
• Contracts (elements, types, termination)
• Consumer protection laws
• Intellectual property rights
Section 5: Production
• Types of production:
• Primary (extraction of natural resources)
• Secondary (manufacturing and construction)
• Tertiary (services)
• Cottage industries (small-scale, home-based
businesses)
• Factors of production (land, labor, capital,
entrepreneurship)
• Linkages in production (forward and
backward)
• Productivity and efficiency
• Quality control in production
• Impact of technology on production
Section 6: Marketing
• Definition of marketing
• The marketing mix (product, price, place,
promotion)
• Market research (methods, importance)
• Advertising and sales promotion
• E-commerce and digital marketing
• Consumer behavior
Section 7: Business Finance
• Sources of finance (internal and external)
• Types of business expenses (fixed and
variable costs)
• Budgeting and financial planning
• Profit and loss calculation
• Financial statements (income statement,
balance sheet
Section 8: Role of Government in an
Economy
• The role of government in business
• Types of taxation (direct and indirect)
• Government regulations affecting
businesses
• Incentives for businesses (tax breaks,
subsidies)
• The impact of government policies on
businesses
Section 9: Social Accounting and Global
Trade
• Social responsibility of businesses
• Business ethics and ethical issues
• The role of corporate social responsibility
(CSR)
• International trade (imports, exports, trade
barriers)
• Effects of globalization on businesses
Section 10: Regional and Global Business
Environment
• Regional integration (CARICOM, CSME)
• Trade agreements (WTO, FTAs)
• Foreign exchange and exchange rates
• Impact of multinational corporations
• Economic challenges in regional and
global trade