Noun

ho
 Noun
#Noun Syllabus:
• Kinds of Noun
• Noun Numbers
• Noun Gender
• Noun Case
• Concept of modifier
• Concept of fraction
• Concept of number
• Concept of compound noun
• Miscellaneous

Types of Noun
↓

Concrete Noun Abstract Noun

Proper
Noun
Abstract
Common
Noun
-v

Countable Uncountable

Material Collective

#Noun: Name is Noun / Everything is Noun.

#Concrete Noun: It has Physical Appearance
◦ Ex:
▪ Bus, Car, Jeep, Tree, House
#Abstract Noun: It has No Physical Appearance
◦ Ex:
 ▪ Sadness, Bravery, Happiness, Gallantry, Honesty etc.

• Proper Noun: It is the name of a specific person, place, or thing, always

starting with a capital letter.
◦ Ex:
▪ Katrina, Alia, Urfi Javed, Manmohan, Priyanka Chopra, Yamuna,
Himalaya, etc.
• Common Noun: A Noun which is common for same kind of things, People...
◦ Ex:
▪ Actor, Actress, Girl, River, Teacher, House, etc.
-> Practice:
Road --> Common Noun G.T. Road --> Proper Noun
Place --> Common Noun Agra --> Proper Noun
City --> Common Noun Kanpur --> Proper Noun
Country --> Common Noun America --> Proper Noun
Bird --> Common Noun Dog --> Common Noun
Animal --> Common Noun Sparrow --> Common Noun
Crow --> Common Noun Snake --> Common Noun

-> How to write Proper Nouns?

First letter of any proper noun should be capital.
• Ex:
◦ ram manohar lohia ----> Ram Manohar Lohia
◦ united states of america ----> United States of America
-> Usually we do not Use article with Proper Noun
1. A Ritika X

2. A Rohan X

3. The Ganga -
 4. The Yamuna -

5. The Himalaya -

• Common Noun: > Countable

◦ Ex:
▪ I bought a home as a property.
House Home
A building in which people live. Where you live.
Ex: Ex:
• I bought a house last month • I arrived home late last night.
• Jay’s house is beautiful • Amber is at home now.
• He is decorating his house. • Are you going home?

The boy was honest.

A boy. ____
▪ I met ___
The
▪ ____book of my friend was very costly.

▪ A student ----> Indefinite Noun

▪ The student of Parmar SSC. ----> Definite Noun

7 Clause
=> Noun connected with
~
&
Phrase
↓ &
Previous Info
Definite Noun
#Note:
• We can use proper noun as common noun
• A/An ----> Indefinite
• The ----> Definite
• Zero Article ----> No use of article
• Singular common Noun can’t use without article.
• Common Noun:
◦ Ex:
▪ ____Sachin is a great player
-
&

Proper Noun
a
▪ We can see _____sachin is every player of Indian team.
-

Common Singular Noun

▪ ____Bhagat singh is a great warrior.
-

Proper Noun
a
▪ We can find ____Bhagat singh in every Indian soldier.
-

Common Singular Noun

• Collective Noun: It is a word that represents a group of people, animals, or

things considered as a single unit, such as "team," "flock," or "bundle."
◦ Ex:
Army : Soldiers Battalion : Soldiers
Troop : Soldier Infantry : Soldiers on foot
Cavalry : Soldiers on horse Fleet : Ships / Vehicle
Flotilla : Boats Crew : Sailors
Galaxy : Stars Constellation : Stars
Pack : Playing Cards / Dogs Pride : Lions
Band : Musicians Choir : Singers
Orchestra : Singers / Dancers Troupe : Dancers /Artists
Bunting : Small Flags Muster : Peacock
String : Camel School : Learners
Bunch : Keys, Grapes Herd : Cattle
Flight : Birds Syndicate : Merchants
Caravan : Gypsies Bunch : Keys / Grapes
 Parliament : Owls Battery : Heavy Guns
Shoal : Fish Series : Event / Lecture
Gang : Robbers Congregation : Worshipers
Swarm : Ants Hive : Bees
Kennel : Dogs Posse : Constable
Staff : Members / Teachers Committee : Members
Bench : A group of Judges Jury : Judges

#Note:
=> Rohan -> Proper Noun
=> Judge -> Common Noun
=> Jury -> Collective Noun

• Collective Noun: Generally Plural

Verb: Plural
Sense:
I
1. United
2. Divided

-> Practice:
-
1. The -
Gentries is / are at the gate.
↓

Gentry -> A group of gental people.

=> his/her/its ----> Singular >
- (Generally)
=> their ----> Plural >
-
(Generally)
2. The Infantry -
is / are present there.

3. The audience -has / have taken their seats.

-

Plural
4. The Jury is / -
are one one this point.
 5. A band of musicians is / -
-
are coming.
Preposition Object Noun
>

=> A + CN + of + N + VSL
----> Structure
↓

Collective noun Verb Singular

6. The Jury -is /are divided on this point.

7. A Pack of Dogs -
-
were / was wandering here and there.
Preposition Object
8. The team is / -
are in the same dress

9. The Committee is / -
are unanimous on this decision

10. A Herd of Elephants is / -

are Wandering here and there.

*The jury agree/agrees

- that the workers are not focusing on -
its/their cases so
it/they
- has/have
- decided that it/they should not be allowed to attend-
its/their
cases.*

#Note:
=> it -> Singular
=> they -> Plural

• Material Noun: It is a type of noun that denotes a physical substance or

material, such as "gold," "water," or "wood."
◦ It has physical existence
◦ It can be seen
◦ It can be touched
◦ Material noun is uncountable noun
◦ Generally, we can’t make plural of material noun
 T Name of Elements
7
Liquids
Material Noun:
7
Name of grains
S
Mixtures

◦ Ex:
▪ Solid : Iron, Gold, Silver
▪ Liquid : Water, Oil, Milk
▪ Gas : Oxygen, Nitrogen
#Note:
-> Don’t Use article ( a/an ) with Material Noun
• A Water (X)
• Some Waters (x)
X
• _____Water is Colourless
The
• _____water of this river is not polluted.
• There are five waters in all over the world.

-> Practice:
The Milk of Cow is Sweet
1. _____
X Milk is sweet.
2. ____
X Gold is a Precious Metal.
3. ____
X Iron
X Gold is more Precious than ____
4. _____
The gold of this ring is pure.
5. ____
X
6. All that glitters is not ____gold.

7. India has won many golds.

X gold is a precious metal.
8. _____
#Note:
Water -> Waters (Ocean) Iron -> Irons (Tools, Machinery,
construction)
Air -> Airs (Pretense) Sand -> Sands (Desert)
Wood -> Woods (Forest) Abuse -> Abuses
Work -> Works (Literory work) Advice -> Advices (Bill)
Custom -> Customs (Tax) Fruit -> Fruits (Result)
Arm -> Arms (Wepons) Good -> Goods (Products)

#Abstract Noun: An Abstract noun can be felt only. It does not have physical
existence Abstract nouns are Uncountable Nouns.
• Feelings
• Emotions
• State of mind
• System
• Belief
• Action
◦ Ex:
Sadness Dance
Bravery Childhood
Gallantry Berth
Happiness Growth
Polygamy Enjoyment
Atheism Ambitions
Democracy Murder

#Note:
-> Suffix: ness, gamy, th, tion, hood, ence, cracy, ance, ment, logy, y, er
 I
• Proper Noun
• Common Noun Countable Noun
• Collective Noun
Material Noun
Ya
•
Uncountable Noun
• Abstract Noun

-> Practice: Sympathy is

-
1. My sympathies are always with the poor
mercy
2. Your -
Mercies

3. Luggage / Furniture ----> MAbstract Noun

Uncountable noun
a
 Noun

-> We can make abstract noun with the help of common noun.

Common Noun Abstract Noun

Mother The mother in her
Sister The sister in her
Brother The brother in him
Father The father in him
Player The player in him

=> A + N + Preposition + Object Case ----> Structure

-> Ex:
The
I
• Mother in her could not see the child burning live
-

Abstract Noun
• Generally, brother and sister quarrel with each other but on the day of
The
Raksha Bandhan,↓sister in her wakes up
-

Abstract Noun The

• Whenever he sees Virat’s Batting,Yplayer in him, wakes up

Kind
Kindsof
e of Noun
Noun

Countable
-
Uncountable
-

• Nouns which can be Counted • Nouns which can’t Counted

• Use of A/An • Do Not use A/An
• Use of Many • Use of Much
• Can be made Plural • Can’t made Plural
• Use of Few • Use of Little
-> Ex:

Pen -> Countable 5kg Sugar -> Uncountable

Boy -> Countable Star -> Countable
Horse -> Countable Six Boys -> Countable
Milk -> Uncountable Shop -> Countable
5 liter Milk -> Uncountable Soap -> ·Countable
Uncountable
Sugar -> Uncountable Chalk -> Uncountable

• platinum, diamond, iron, plastic, copper, gold..... --> Material Nouns

• sadness, bravery, honesty, truth, greatness...... --> Abstract Nouns

• hydrogen, calcium, argon, carbon, uranium........ --> Elements

• sugar, rice, glucose, milk, coffee, wine, petrol

-> Examples of Uncountable Noun:

• Poetry --> Ode/Elegy/Satire..

=> A Poetry (X)

• Furniture --> Chair, Bench, Table...

• Money --> Dollar, Rupee, Euro...

• Scenery --> People, Rivers...

• Machinery --> Machine...

• Work Countable Noun

• Advice

• Information

• Stationery --> Pen, Pencil...

• Luggage --> Pants, Jeans...

 • Baggage • Music

• Crookery • Research Separate

• Knowledge • Brick (CN)

• News • Stone I & (UCN)

Dual Nature

• Mischief • Weather Building

• Traffic --> Car, Bus... • Paper

• Evidence --> Knife, Letter... • Maintenance

• Equipment --> Tool.. • Wealth

• Jewellery --> Ring... • Wastage

• Chalk • Business

• food • Damage

• Pencil
· • Crockery

*Note:
-> Language
end with “age” -
Usually uncountable Noun
-> Baggage

-> Advice (N)

-> Advise (V) (V) Z
&
Practice makes a man perfect
-> Practise
c (N)
&

-> Practise (V)

+ Practise:
much
• We have ↓
many informations/ about this matter.
much
• He gave me -many advice to my elder brother
scenery
↓

• The -
sceneries of Kashmir is charming
luggage
- there
• I kept my luggages
This↓

• These
- news is false
a piece of
an act of
-
• I have a work to do

• I have some work to do -

have
• Many pieces of advice has been given
---
was -Sub. Preposition Obj.
• There were very huge traffic
--
Introductory Sub. Real Sub.
• My son is making mischiefs/
were pieces of
• There -was four breads in the fridge.

=> Two bread X

=> Two pieces of bread -

• Many pieces of poetry has been composed.

E have Uncountable
Noun &
=> many poetry X
=> much poetry -
=> many pieces of poetry -
=> much pieces of poetry X
 a piece of
• I bought-
a soap from a shop.
Uncountable Countable

*Note: Some
--
Countable Uncountable

#Definite Noun: Nouns which are associated with Phrase, Clause Becomes
Definite Noun.

Singular
- Common Noun

Plural
< > -
Definite Indefinite General Definite
(The)
-
(A/An)
-
(No Article)
-
(The)
-

can’t use
*Note: Singular Common Noun -----------> without ·
article
an article

+ Practise:

• ______Boys are more laborious than girls.

-

Plural
The
• ______Boys the
of my classroom are more laborious than _______girls of
-

your classroom. Phrase

The
• _______Workers - -
of these Companies.
Plural Phrase
The
• _______Students
-
of Parmar SSC
Plural Phrase
a
• I saw______dog. The
_______dog was barking loudly.

a
• I found ______pen. The
______pen was black.
 The
• ______ man I met in the theatre was playwright himself.

- a Clause
• I bought laptop from the market. It was very costly.
Countable Noun

#Concept of Numbers:

-
Hundred
Thousand
Singular Million Plural
Number of
Lakhs
Dozen
Score
+ Practise:
• Five hundred /--
hundreds worker / workers

• Two thousand / thousands

-- student / students

• Thousands / --Thousand of teacher / teachers

millions stars
•-million of star

• Five dozen books -

• Two hundredsI copies

• Five thousand -
of workers

• Two scoresI
of books
 Compound Noun

#Compound Noun: The noun which is made of more than one word.

• Ex:

◦ Commander-in-chief Woman servant

• Types of Compound Noun:

Plural
&

◦ Type-1: (Noun Noun)

-

*Note: If you want to make

▪ Ex: it plural, then change the
secound noun.
• Railway station --> Railway stations

• Bus terminal --> Bus terminals

◦ Type-2: (Noun Preposition)

-

▪ Ex:

• Passer by --> Passers by

• Looker on --> Lookers on

Plural
d
· e
◦ Type-3: (Noun Preposition Noun)
> >
-

▪ Ex:

• Brother-in-law --> Brothers-in-law

• Commander-in-chief --> Commanders-in-chief

◦ Type-4: (Same.Noun Preposition Same.Noun)

-
-

▪ Ex:

• Door to door
 • Step by step

*Note:

• Step Son --> Step Sons

• Man lover --> Men lovers
• Handful --> Handfuls
+ Practice: Make plural of these compound nouns

Type-1

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Step daughter Step daughters Step Son Step Sons
Step mother Step mothers Daughter-in-law Daughter-in-laws
·
Daughters-in-Law
Passer by Passers by Looker on Lookers on
Pick Pocket Pick Pocketts Good-for-nothing Goods-for-nothing
Maid servant Maid servants Hanger on Hangers on
Looker on Lookers on Washer man Washer men
Post man Post men Dutch man Dutch men
Kins man Kins men French man French men
Man servant Men servants Woman servant Women servants
Handful Handfuls Mouthful Mouthfuls
Spoonful Spoonfuls Glassful Glassfuls
Cupful Cupfuls Two third Two thirds
Two fourth Two fourths Draw back Drawbacks
Pick-me-up Pick-me-ups Touch-me-not Touch-me-nots
+ Questions:

Cities after cities were destroyed.

• -- T

City City was

Pages after -
• F pages were read by her.
Page Page was
Towns after towns
• - ↑ T were conquered.
Town Town was
·
• They were destroyed city.

*Note:

• s -> Plural
• ’s -> Possessive

-> Possessive of compound noun:

• Brother–in–law house --> Brother–in–law’s house

• Commander–in-chief orders --> Commander–in-chief’s orders

*Note: Use Noun after ’s

+ Questions:

• I went to my sister’s–in–law house -> I went to my sister–in–law’s house

• Son-in-law -> Sons-in-law (Plural)

• Son-in-law wallet -> Son-in-law’s wallet (Possessive)

-> Plural and possessive of compound noun:

• Son-in-law wallet -> Sons-in-law’s wallet (Plural + Possessive)

 • All son-in-law books have been sold -> All sons-in-law’s books have been
sold

Type-2

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Corrigendum Corrigenda Momentum Momenta
Maximum Maxima Datum Data
Erratum Errata Agendum Agenda
Bacterium Bacteria
*Trick: um -> a
Decorum Decors Auditorium Auditoriums
Museum Museums Asylum Asylums
Pendulum Pendulums

Narcosis Narcoses Thesis Theses

Axis Axes Crisis Crises
Oasis Oases Ellipsis Ellipses

Phenomenon Phenomena Radius Radii

Focus Foci Alumnus Alumni

Index Indices Basis Bases

Album Albums Minimum Minima
Asylum Asylums
 Type-3

Singular Plural Singular Plural

Watch Watches Ass Asses
Fix Fixes Church Churches
Class Classes Tax Taxes
Hero Heroes Cargo Cargoes
Mosquito Mosquitoes Solo Solos
Boy Boys Family Families
Country Countries City Cities
Bee Bees Zoo Zoos
Tree Trees Radio Radios
Calf Calves Wolf Wolves
Wife Wives Leaf Leaves
Shelf Shelves Man Men
Woman Women Foot Feet
Mouse Mice Ox Oxen
Stomach Stomachs Radius Radii
Locus Loci Ratio Ratios
Belief Beliefs Proof Proofs
Cliff Cliffs Turf Turfs
+ Questions:

• It was a great F
phenomena
phenomenon
• WhatF
is the criteria of the selection?
are
• There is cactus all around the village.
"
are cactuses
 • We have supported all -
man servants.
men
↑

men
all
• We have supported all --
passer bys there.
passers byT
↑

• He has faced many T

crisis during his life.
crises
#Noun Number:

Noun Number
V z

Singular Noun Plural Noun

*Note:

• Singular = One
• Plural = More than one.

+ Practice:

• We have covered one and a half -

kilometre.
↑
kilometers
• He has gained two and a half -
mark in the annual examination.
T
marks
• We have completed two T
third of this work.
thirds

-> Noun Number (Type 1): Some Nouns look Plural but they are Singular.

Economics, Mathematics, Phonetics,

Gymnastics, Billiards, Measles,
Mumps, Rickets & Singular

*Note:

• Subject -> Singular

 O
·
• Other than Sub. -> Plural
-> Noun Number (Type 2): Some Noun are always Plural

Scissors, Trousers, Binoculars,

Spectacles, Goggles, Pincers,
Tongs, Pants, Jeans

*Note:

• a trousers X

• a part of trousers -

-> Noun Number (Type 3): Some Noun are always Plural

Rations, Ashes, Gallows, Surroundings,

Thanks, Regards, Auspices, Proceedings,
Contents, Riches, Credentials, Assets,
Tidings, Alms

-> Noun Number (Type 4): Some Noun look Singular but they are Plural

Clergy, Peasantry, Cattle,

People, Police, Electorate

-> Noun Number (Type 5): Titles are always Singular

Deffodels
Seven Stages of life
The Three Musketeers
Canterbury l
Tales
ta
Gulliver’s Travels
Arabian Nights
+ Practice:
al
 • Innings:
-Singular
acce
·
Plural
◦ The first -
inning / innings has / -
have completed.
◦ Five inning
-/ innings -
has / have completed.
◦ The fifth innings -
have / has completed.

▪ *Note:
• an inning X

• an innings -

• Summons:

◦ Summons was / -
were issued against the victim.
summonses
--
◦ Two summons was / were issued against the victim.

• Wages:

◦ His wages -
was / were looted by them. -
(Labour)

◦ The wages of sin is /-

are death. >
-
(Result)

-> Concept of Preposition “of”:

befor
·
=> Number <------- of -------> Noun can be (Singular/Plural)
Any noun
besides number befor of -------> Noun can be only (Plural)
·=> Number <-------

+ Practice:

• The advice of my friend / friends 7

(Both are correct)

• One of the -
↓
student / students
number
 • Two of the -
worker / workers
number
• Each of the -
movie / movies
number
• Everyone of them -

• None of the member

- / members

• Either of my -
↓
sister / sisters
number
*Note: Number -> one, two, each, either, neither, none, anyone, any, everyone, etc.

-> Concept of fraction: (Singular) (Singular)

---
Noun ---------> Verb
one part
most of
two third of
& Noun
- --------->
- Verb
(Plural) (Plural)

+ Practice:

• Two third of the movie

-- was / were
Singular Noun
• Two third of the movies -
was / were
↓

Plural Noun
• One part of the mango is /-
↓
are
Singular Noun
• 20% of the milk was / -were
Singular Noun
↓

• 20% of the books -

↓
was / were
Plural Noun
-> Concept of modifier:

=> Determiner + modifier + Noun

Ex: A ten rupee note.
2 - 1

Article modifier Noun

• A five hundred / -
hundreds rupee / -
rupees note

• A five kilometer / -
kilometers race
man
↓
• A five -
men committee
boy
• A four -boys union
notes
• My elder brother gave me two five hundred rupee note.
=
eye
• For the delicate *
eyes surgery.

• Five two hundred pages book

-

↑ ↑
page books

+ Questions:

• The court has issued many Summons.

-
T
Summonses
• The castlesTis grazing on the field.
are
• His mathematics-
is not good.
are
Surrounding affects our behaviour.
• -- ↑

Surroundings affect
• These articles are carried by goods train. -

• Riches -
has wings.
↑

have
• Measles is not a dangerous disease. -

This
• - ↑
poultry belong to Mohan Singh.
These
• His ashes was taken to the Ganga.
T
were
• The gallows F
has been just erected.
have
• These
- news-are false.
↑
This isS
• Peoples
-are coming here to visit.
T
People
• I have bought a pair of trousers from the market. -

• The magistrate passed many -

order for his arrest
↑

orders
• You have not good credential
F to get this job.
credentials
• ScissorsFis bought by us.
are
• A pair of scissors has been bought. -

• Five pair of scissors-

has been bought
↑

have
• First --
inning have
↑ ↑
completed.
innings has
• Four --
inning has completed.
innings have
↑ ↑

• His wages is not sufficient.

-

are
T

• The wages of sin T

are death.
is
• The canterbury Allen
false
tales are an interesting book.
↑

is
is
• The United States of America are a powerful state look plural but they are
singular

• The statistics of this company T

is not reviewed by them
are
 • His scienceTis not good.
are
• The politics of our country T
is very dirty.
are
• Politics is / -
are taught by Mr. Verma

• I can speak -
the English as well as Hindi

is / are defeated byy ·

• The English - French.
the French

• The netherlands T
have very strong army.
has
The cricket is very popular game all over the
• -

◦ *Note: No article with (Game/Sport)

• Gymnastics T
are my favourite sport
is
• ·
The India has won the series by an inning.
innings

#Case of Noun:

• Subjective case: (Nominative Case)

◦ Rohan helped me
-
subjective case
• Objective case: (Accusative Case)
◦ I helped Rohan
-

objective case

• Possessive case: (Generative Case)

◦ Rohan’s friend
 • Vocative case: (Address Case)
◦ Rohan, come here.

• Appositive case: (Case in opposition)

◦ Rohan, my friend, is very honest
=> Sub. + Case in opposition + Verb
I

Acc. to

+ Questions:
is ↓
• Rohan, the owner of these companies, -
are very punctual towards his work.
am
• I, the owner of these flats, are working very hard.
↓
-

• He said, “boys work hard.” -----> He said that boys worked hard.
1

assestive sentence
&

-> Possessive Case of Noun:

=> ’s: for living

=> of: for not living

*Note:

• Possess (V)
• Possessive (Adj.)
• Possession (N)
• use Noun after ’s

+ Examples:

• Ram’s Bat: (Possession)

*Note
*Note: generally we use ’s
• Rohan’s Car (Possession)
with living.
• Ritika’s Brother (Relation)
 • Table’s Leg ----> The leg of table
• Room’s Wall ----> The wall of room
• Death’s icy hands [

• Sun’s Rays [

• Earth’s Atmosphere Personification of Noun

• A Day’s Leave
• A Pound’s Weight
• Death’s Icy Hands L

• Today’s Function
• Yesterday’s Programme ·
Personification of Noun
• Mumbai’s People
• Kanpur’s Students
• At a Stone’s Throw

+ Questions:

1.
a. Boy’s Hostel b. Boys Hostel
c. Boys’s Hostel -
d. Boys’ Hostel

2.
a. Girls Degree College b. Girls’s Degree College
c. Girl’s Degree College -
d. Girls’ Degree College

3.
a. Child’s Toys b. Children Toys
c. Childrens’ Toys d. Children’s Toys
-
*Note:
• Kamala Das’s poetry -

• Keats’s odes -

• If Singular/Plural having Hissing Sound ----> ( ’ ) only use

+ Practice:

• Ramesh’s bookstall --> Ramesh bookstall

• My father’s uncle’s dog --> The dog of my father’s uncle

*Note:

=> Noun’s Noun’s

=> Noun’s and Noun’s

• His daughter’s son’s girl friend --> The girl friend of his daughter’s son

• Govinda’s actorr’sreced
secretory
secretory--> The secretary of Govinda’s actor

• Your’s faithfully --> Yours faithfully

Possessive

Possessive Adj. Possessive Pronoun

I My Mine
We Our Ours
You Your Yours
He His His
She Her hers
It ts·
It’s --
They Them Their

S
• Yours’ obediently --> Your sincere
 • Son-in-law’s wallet

• This is not my problem. It is -

somebody’s else.
Somebody else’s
*Note: Compound Noun --> ’s --> use with last word

Possession

r Common possession
(NOUN and NOUN’s)
Rohan and Rahul’s mother
Split possession
(NOUN’s and NOUN’s)
Rohan’s and Rahul’s father

• Rohan’s·
e me
and Rahul’s accounts (Split Possession)

• Rohan and Rahul’s joint account (Common

ac
Possession)

• Sandeep’s
* and Vivek’s friendship (Common
Possession)
a

• Radhika’s
· and Ritika’s agreement (Common
Possession)
acces

• India’sall
and Pakistan’s players (Split Possession)

• India’s
· and Pakistan’s border (Common
Possession)

• He will come Ftoday function.

today’s
• We will support worker
Forganization.
workers’
• We will help in each Tother work.
other’s
 • Some - people behaviour teaches us not to behave that way.
↑
people’s
• All individuals are different so their tastes vary from one another.
-
↑
another’s
• I went to - Ram’s and Sita’s house but I found the couple was missing. d
Ram
• Sheeps
- are economically useful for us.
↑
Sheep

Fish, sheep, deer, vocation, offspring, issue, species, headquarters, Singular

or
whereabouts, aircraft, spacecraft, wages, means, crossroads Plural

• Santiago caught fish those days.

Singular
&

*Note: Fish Singular or Plural

>
Plural

7
Names
Fishes --> variety -->
Kind of ·
&
types
• There are many kinds of-
fish in the river.
fishes
• We take -
fruits after meal.
fruit &
• There are many kinds of -
fruit in this garden.
&
fruits
• There is no -
mean to reach there now.
↑
means
• Railway is the cheapest mean of -
transportation.
transportations
• His meansI
is not enough for his family.
are
#Miscellaneous:

• His family members were present there. -> The members of his family.

• Mr. Verma is our family doctor. -

• I did not attend the marriage

- of my friend.
T

wedding

=> Passing marks *

=> Pass marks -

=> Blunder mistake X

=> Big Blunder -

=> Strong breeze X

=> strong wind -

=> Teaching line X

=> Teaching profession -

• The astronomer
T predicts the future.
astrologer
=> astronomer -> goes in space
=> astrologer -> who predicts future & Meaning
• There is no F
place for you in this car.
room *Explanation: Room- that is used
for a specific purpose
• There is no F
place for any student in this class.
room
• There is no -
space for anyone in this bench.
room
↑

• Some animals are sitting in the -

center of the road.
↑

middle
• The chinese have strange habits.
- *Explanation: Habits become
↑
customs customs when many people follow
• Taxes are paid to the custom.
F
them regularly, and they become a
customs part of culture or tradition.

• I saw two -
females in the park.
T
women
• -Envy strikes when a girl sees her boyfriend taking to another girl.
↑
Y
jealousy
• He had great talent
- so he stopped the car before it collided. by
↑

skill

*Explanation: Envy is wanting

what others have, while jealousy is
fearing you might lose what you
have. So, the girl feels jealousy,
not envy.
#Noun Gender:

• Masculine: (Male) -> Man, Boy, Actor, Lion

• Feminine: (Female) -> Women, Girl, Lioness, Actress
• Common: (Male/Female) -> Student, Teacher, Lawyer
• Neuter: (Non living) -> Table, Bench, Sofa

Masculine Feminine Masculine Feminine

Cock Hen Sir Madam
Monk Nun Bridegroom Bride
Lad Lass Stag Doe or Hind
Lord Lady Earl Countess
Colt Filly Fox Vixen
Horse Mare Uncle Aunt
Boar Sow Windower Window
Gentleman Lady Lover Mistress
Wizard Witch Gander Goose
Buck Doe Ram Ewe
Patron Patroness Signor Signora
Czar Czarina Executor Executrix
Prince Princess Lion Lioness
Poet Poetess Heir Heiress
Author Authoress Baron Baroness
Count Countess Giant Giantess
Host Hostess Jew Jewess
Manager Manageress Mayor Mayoress
 Steward Stewardess Shepherd Shepherdess
Prophet Prophetess Priest Priestess
Enchanter Enchantress Benefactory Benefactress
Emperor Empress Master Mistress
Tiger Tigress Actor Actress
Hunter Huntress Negro Negress
Preceptor Preceptress Duke Dutchess
Murderer Murderess Sorcerer Sorceress
Instructor Instructress Waiter Waitress
Abbot Abbess Ambassador Ambassadress
God Goddess Sheep Ewe
Director Directress Peacock Peahen
Spokesman Spokeswoman Bull-calf Cow-calf
Cock-sparrow Hen-sparrow jack-ass Jenny – ass
Drone Queen bee Ox Cow
Buck Doe Swain Nymph
Merman Mermaid Hart Hind
Friar Nun He-camel She – camel
He –mule She-mule He – kangaroo She-kangaroo
He-squirrel She-squirrel Boar Sow