ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 1

gƒj eBGqi AwZwiÚ Ask

‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

w«¼Zxq cò

ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb

m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
2 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

m†Rbkxj iPbvgƒjK
Z‡Zxq AaÅvq: RwUj msLÅv
2x + 3 x+3
cÉk
² 21 wbGPi DóxcKwU jÞÅ Ki : M cÉ`î AmgZv: x  3 < x  1

z = x + iy; |z + 5| + |z − 5| = 15 .................. (i)
2x + 3 x+3
2x + 3 x + 3 ev, x  3  x  1 < 0
< ........................... (ii)
x−3 x−1
(2x2 + 3x  2x  3)  (x2  9)
K. ‰KGKi Nbgƒjmgƒn wbYÆq Ki| 2 ev, (x  3) (x  1)
<0
L. DóxcK-1 nGZ, mÂvicG^i mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 2x2 + x  3  x2 + 9
M. DóxcK-2 ‰ ewYÆZ AmgZvwUi mgvavb Ki ‰es ev, (x  3) (x  1)
<0

msLÅvGiLvq ˆ`LvI| 4 x2 + x + 6
ev, (x  3) (x  1) < 0
[PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 1]
1 1 2 1
21 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev,
x2 + 2. .x +
2 ()
2
+6
4
<0
3 (x  3) (x  1)
K gGb Kwi, 1 = x ZvnGj, x3 = 1 ev, x3  1 = 0

1 23 2
ev, (x  1) (x2 + x + 1) = 0
 x  1 = 0 A^ev x2 + x + 1 = 0 ev,
(x+ ) +
2 4
< 0 ... ... ... (i)
(x  3) (x  1)
‰Lb, x  1 = 0 nGj, x = 1
( 1) + 234 > 0
2

1 14
‰LvGb, x + 2
Avevi, x2 + x + 1 = 0 nGj, x = 2
 (x  3) I (x  1)‰i gGaÅ ‰KwUi wPn× abvñK ‰es
1
= ( 1  i 3) AciwUi wPn× FYvñK nGj (i) AmgZvwUi kZÆ wm«¬ KGi|
2
1 kZÆ (x  1) ‰i (x  3) ‰i (x  3) (x  1) ‰i
myZivs, ‰KGKi Nbgƒjàwj 1, 2 ( 1 + i 3)
wPn× wPn× wPn×
1
‰es 2 ( 1  i 3) (Ans.) x<1   +
1<x<3 +  
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, z = x + iy
 x>3 + + +
‰Lb, |z + 5| + |z  5| = 15  (i) AmgZvwU mZÅ nGe hw` 1 < x < 3 nq|
ev, |x + iy + 5| + |x + iy  5| = 15
 wbGYÆq mgvavb : 1 < x < 3
ev, |x + 5 + iy| + |x  5 + iy| = 15
msLÅvGiLv :
ev, (x + 5)2 + y2 + (x  5)2 + y2 = 15 1 0 1 2 3 4

ev, (x + 5)2 + y2 = 15  (x  5)2 + y2

² 22 `†kÅK͸-1 : x + iy = 2e−i `†kÅK͸-2 : F = y − 2x
cÉk

ev, x2 + 10x + 25 + y2 = 225
kZÆàwj: x + 2y  6, x + y  4, x, y  0
+ (x2  10x + 25 + y2)  30 (x  5)2 + y2 [eMÆ KGi]
K. z = x + iy nGj, |z + i| = |−z + 2| «¼viv wbG`ÆwkZ mçvic^
ev, x + 10x + 25 + y2  225  x2 + 10x  25  y2
2
wbYÆq Ki| 2
=  30 x2  10x + 25 + y2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cÉgvY Ki ˆh, x2 + y2 = 4. 4
ev, 20x  225 =  30 x2  10x + 25 + y2
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ ewYÆZ ˆhvMvkÉqx ˆcÉvMÉvgwU nGZ ŠjwLK
ev, 4x  45 =  6 x2  10x + 25 + y2 c«¬wZGZ F ‰i mGeÆvœP gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
ev, 16x2  360x + 2025 = 36(x2  10x + 25 + y2) [hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 2]
ev, 16x2  360x + 2025 = 36x2  360x + 900 + 36y2 22 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev, 20x2 + 36y2 = 1125 K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, z = x + iy  |z + i| = |−z + 2|

x2 y2
ev, + =1
−−−−−−−
ev, |x + iy + i| = | x + iy + 2|
15 2
( )
2
5 52
 2  ev, |x + iy + i| = |x − iy + 2|
hv wbGYÆq mÂvicG^i mgxKiY| (Ans.) ev, |x + i (y + 1)| = |(x + 2) − iy)|
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 3
ev, x2 + (y + 1)2 = (x + 2)2 + y2
Y
ev, x2 + (y + 1)2 = (x + 2)2 + y2 Dfq AGÞ 5 eMÆ Ni = 1 ‰KK
(0, 4)
ev, x2 + y2 + 2y + 1 = x2 + 4x + 4 + y2
ev, 2y + 1 = 4x + 4 ev, 4x − 2y + 3 = 0 (0, 3)
hv ‰KwU mijGiLvi mÂvi c^| (Ans.)
L `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cvB, x + iy = 2e−i
 P(2, 2)

ev, x + iy = 2(cos  i sin)

ev, x + iy = 2 cos  2i sin
evÕ¦e I Kv͸wbK Ask mgxK‡Z KGi cvB,
R(6, 0)
x = 2 cos ‰es y =  2 sin
X Q(4, 0)
‰Lb, x2 + y2 = (2 cos)2 + ( 2 sin)2
X

Y (ii) (i)
= 4 cos2 + 4 sin2 = 4 (cos2 + sin2) = 4
 x + y2 = 4
2
(cÉgvwYZ) ˆjLwPGò ˆ`Lv hvq, (i) bs ‰i mKj we±`y ‰es ‰i ˆh cvGk
M `†kÅK͸ 2 nGZ cvB, F = y − 2x
 gƒjwe±`y ˆmB cvGki mKj we±`yi RbÅ mZÅ|
kZÆàwj : x + 2y  6, x + y  4, x, y  0 (ii) bs ‰i mKj we±`y ‰es ‰i ˆh cvGk gƒjwe±`y Zvi wecixZ
F ‰i mGeÆvœP gvb wbYÆq KiGZ nGe| cvGki mKj we±`yi RbÅ mZÅ|
cÉ`î AmgZvàwjGK mgZv aGi mgxKiYàwji ˆjLwPò Aâb Avevi (i) I (ii) ‰i ˆQ`we±`y P(2, 2)
Kwi ‰es mgvavGbi mÁ¿veÅ ‰jvKv wPwn×Z Kwi| (iv) I (ii) ‰i ˆQ`we±`y Q(4, 0)
x y
Avgiv cvB, x + 2y = 6 ev, 6 + 3 = 1... ... ... (i) (iv) I (i) ‰i ˆQ`we±`y R (6, 0)
 wbGYÆq ˆKŒwYK we±`y P(2, 2), Q(4, 0) I R(6, 0)
x y
x+y=4 ev, 4 + 4 = 1 ... ... ... (ii) ‰Lb P(2, 2) we±`yGZ F = 2 − 2.2 = 2 − 4 = − 2
x = 0 ... ... ... (iii), y = 0 ... ... ... (iv) Q (4, 0) we±`yGZ F = 0 − 2.4 = 0 − 8 = − 8
R (6, 0) we±`yGZ F = 0 − 2.6 = 0 − 12 = − 12
 wbGYÆq mGeÆvœP gvb −2 (Ans.)
4 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

PZz^Æ AaÅvq: eüc`x I eüc`x mgxKiY

cÉk
² 31 (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d; (x) = x2  mx + l. (i) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼Gqi RbÅ,
K. a ‰i gvb KZ nGj (a  1)x2  (a + 2)x + 4 = 0 +=l

mgxKiGYi gƒjàGjv evÕ¦e I mgvb nGe? 2 ‰es  = m

L. (x) = 0 mgxKiGY a = 4, b = 2, c = 0 ‰es d = 3 nGj ‰es Avevi, (ii) bs mgxKiGYi,
gƒjàGjv , ,  nGj 2 ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4 gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj,  + k +  + k = m
M. (x) = 0 mgxKiGY a = 0, b = 1, c =  l ‰es d = m nGj; ev,  +  + 2k = m
(x) = 0 ‰es (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼Gqi cv^ÆKÅ ‰KwU ev, l + 2k = m [‹  +  = l]
aË‚eK ivwk nGj cÉgvY Ki ˆh, l + m + 4 = 0. 4 k=
ml
2
wkLbdj- 4, 5, 7 I 9 [XvKv ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 2]
31 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb Avevi, gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj, ( + k) ( + k) = l
K (a  1)x2  (a + 2)x + 4 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒjàGjv evÕ¦e I mgvb
 ev,  + ( + ) k + k2 = l
2
nGj wbøvqK D = 0 nGe| ml ml
ev, m + l.  2  +  2  = l; [gvb ewmGq]
‰Lb, D = 0
ml  l2 m2  2ml + l2
ev, { (a + 2)}2  4. (a  1) 4 = 0 ev, m + 2
+
4
=l
ev, a2 + 4a + 4  16a + 16 = 0 4m + 2ml  2l2 + m2  2ml + l2
ev, a2  12a + 20 = 0 ev, 4
=l

ev, a2  10a  2a + 20 = 0 ev,

m2  l2 + 4m
=l
4
ev, a (a  10)  2 (a  10) = 0
ev, (a  10) (a  2) = 0 ev, m2  l2 + 4m  4l = 0
 a = 10, 2 (Ans.) ev, (m + l) (m  l) + 4 (m  l) = 0
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d
 ev, (m  l) (m + l + 4) = 0
(x) = 0 mgxKiGY a = 4, b =  2, c = 0 ‰es wK¯§ m  l  0 ev, m  l
d = 3 nGj, 4x3  2x2 + 3 = 0 mgxKiYwUi gƒjòq KviY m = l nGj (i) I (ii) bs ‰KB mgxKiY nGe|
,  ‰es .  l + m + 4 = 0 (cÉgvwYZ)
1
++=
2 cÉk
² 32 f(x)= ax2 + bx + c; g(x) = px2 + qx + r
Avevi,  +  +  = 0 1
K. x – x = k mgxKiYwUi ‰KwU gƒj 5 – 2 nGj, k-‰i gvb
3
‰es  =  4 wbYÆq Ki| 2
cÉ`î ivwk =    2
L. f(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I  nGj,
= 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 a2x2 – (b2 – 2ac)x + c2 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼qGK  I
= 2 + 2 +  + 2 + 2 +  + 2 + 2 +   3 -‰i gvaÅGg cÉKvk Ki| 4
=  ( +  + ) +  ( +  + ) +   ( +  + )  3
M. hw` f(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj `yBwUi AbycvZ g(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi
= ( +  + ) ( +  + )  3
1 3 9 gƒj `yBwUi AbycvGZi mgvb nq, ZvnGj ˆ`LvI ˆh, b : q = 6 :
= .0  3.   = (Ans.)
2  4 4 35 hLb a = 2, c = 3, p = 5, r = 7. 4
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx + d ‰es
 wkLbdj- 3 I 7 [gqgbwmsn ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 1]
 (x) = x2  mx + l 32 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
‰Lb, a = 0, b = 1, c =  l ‰es d = m nGj 1
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, x – x = k ev, x2 – 1 = kx

 (x) = 0 mgxKiYwU nGe,
x2  lx + m = 0 ... ... ... (i)  x2 – kx – 1 = 0 ... ... ... (i)
Avevi,  (x) = 0 (i) bsmgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 5 – 2 nGj,
ev, x2  mx + l = 0 ... ... ... (ii) Aci gƒjwU AekÅB – 5 – 2 nGe|
gGb Kwi, (i) bs ‰i gƒj«¼q  I  ‰es (ii) bs ‰i gƒj«¼q  + k A^Ævr, 5 – 2 – 5 – 2 = k [gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj]
I  + k.  k = – 4 (Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 5
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = ax2 + bx + c
 cÉk
² 33 x2 + cx + b = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q , 
‰es f(x) = 0 A^Ævr ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I . K. a ‰i gvb KZ nGj x2  4ax + 4 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q
b
+=–
a
RwUj nGe? 2
c L. b(x2 + 1)  (c2  2b)x = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼qGK  I 
 =
a ‰i gvaÅGg cÉKvk Ki| 4
cÉ`î mgxKiY, a x – (b – 2ac) x + c = 0
2 2 2 2
M.
1
+ I+
1
gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
b 2c 2
c 2  
ev, x2 – a2 – a x + a2 = 0 wkLbdj- 3, 4, 5, 6 I 7 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 1]
 
b 2
c c 2 33 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev, x2 – – a  – 2. a x + a  = 0
     K cÉ`î mgxKiY: x2  4ax + 4 = 0

ev, x2 – {( + )2 – 2}x + ()2 = 0 mgxKiYwUi gƒj«¼q RwUj nGe hw` ‰i wbøvqK D < 0 nq|
 x2 – (2 + 2)x + 22 = 0 ... .. (ii)  (4a)2  4.4.1 < 0
(ii) bs
mgxKiY nGZ cÉvµ¦ gƒj«¼q 2 ‰es 2. ev, 16a2  16 < 0
BnvB cÉ`î mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼qGK  I  ‰i gvaÅGg cÉKvk| ev, 16a2 < 16
(Ans.) ev, a2 < 1 ev,  1 < a < 1
M a = 2 I c = 3 nGj, f(x) = 2x2 + bx + 3
   1 < a < 1 nGj x2  4ax + 4 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q RwUj
‰es p = 5 I r = 7 nGj, g(x) = 5x2 + qx + 7 nGe| (Ans.)
 mgxKiY«¼q, 2x2 + bx + 3 = 0 ... (i) L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, x2 + cx + b = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q , 

‰es 5x2 + qx + 7 = 0 ... ... ... (ii) +=c
gGb Kwi, (i) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I   = b

+=
b
‰es  = 2
3 cÉ`î mgxKiY: b(x2 + 1)  (c2  2b)x = 0
2
ev, (x2 + 1)  {( + )2  2}x = 0
Avevi, (ii) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I  ev, x2 +   (2 + 2)x = 0
q 7
+=
5
‰es  = 5 ev, x2 +   2x  2x = 0
  + + ev, x2  2x  2x +  = 0
cÉkg² GZ,  =  ev,    =    ev, x(x  )  (x  ) = 0
+ + ev, (x  )(x  ) = 0
ev, =
( + )2  4 ( + )2  4  x   = 0 A^ev x   = 0
b 4  

2

5 ev, x =  ev, x = 
ev, =
b 2 3
 2   4.2  5   4.75
q 2  
 gƒj«¼q: , (Ans.)
     
b2 q2 M ‘L’ nGZ cvB,  +  =  c ‰es  = b

4 25 1 1
ev, b2 =
q2 28 ‰Lb,  +  ‰es  +  gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiY:
6 
4 25 5 1
b2 q2 x2  +  +  +  x +  +
( 1 1
)  + 1  = 0

 
4 25
ev, b2 =
b2 q2 28 q2
1 1 1
ev, x   +  +  + x +  + 1 + 1 +  = 0
2 
6  
4 4 25 5 25
+ 1
b2 q2 ev, x2   +  +  x + 2 +  +  = 0
4 25
ev, 6 = 28 c 1
ev, x2   c + b x + 2 + b + b  = 0
5  
b2 q2 c 1
ev, 24 = 140 ev, x2 + c + b x + 2 + b + b  = 0
   
2
b2 24 6 bc + c 2b + b + 1
ev, q2 = 140 = 35 ev, x2 +  b x +  =0
   b 
b
ev, q =
6 ev, bx2 + (bc + c)x + (b2 + 2b + 1) = 0
35 ev, bx2 + c(b + 1)x + (b + 1)2 = 0
 b : q = 6 : 35 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)  wbGYÆq mgxKiY, bx2 + c(b + 1)x + (b + 1)2 = 0 (Ans.)
6 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cÉk
² 34 `†kÅK͸-1: (x) = x4  3x3  11x2 + 23x  10. ² 35 `†kÅK͸: f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, a  0 ‰KwU w«¼NvZ
cÉk

`†kÅK͸-2: g (x) = x3  3x2  8x + 30. dvskb|
1 1 K. a = 1, b =  2, c = 1 nGj, (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒGji
K. x2 + 5x + 3 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q ,  nGj,    ‰i gvb
cÉK‡wZ wbYÆq Ki| 2
wbYÆq Ki| 2 L. `†kÅKG͸i AvGjvGK (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q ,  nGj,
L. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK g (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 3 + b2
cx2    2c x + c = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q
i nGj, Aci gƒjàwj wbYÆq Ki| 4 a 
,  ‰i gvaÅGg cÉKvk Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 1
M. `†kÅKG͸ a = 1, b =  2n, c = n2  m2 nGj ‰gb ‰KwU
‰es Aci gƒjàwj , ,  nGj
mgxKiY MVb Ki hvi gƒj«¼q, (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi
3 + 3 + 3 wbYÆq Ki| 4 gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj I A¯¦idGji ˆhvMGevaK gvb nGe| 4
wkLbdj- 3, 7 I 9 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 1] wkLbdj- 3, 4, 5, 6 I 7 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 2]
34 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 35 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, x + 5x + 3 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q , 
 2
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (x) = ax2 + bx + c

  +  =  5 ‰es   = 3 a = 1, b =  2 ‰es c = 1 nGj (x) = 0
1 1
cÉ`î ivwk =    = 
 mgxKiYwUi wbøvqK, D = b2 4ca
= (2)2  4.1.1 = 4  4 = 0
(  ) 2 2
( + )  4  (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q evÕ¦e, gƒj` I mgvb nGe| (Ans.)
= =
  L cÉ`î f(x) = 0 ev ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q , 

(5)2  4.3 13 b c
=
3
=
3
(Ans.) +=
a
‰es  = a
2
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, g(x) = x3  3x2  8x + 30
 cÉ`î mgxKiY: cx2   b  2c x + c = 0
a 
cÉkg² GZ, x3  3x2  8x + 30 = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj c 2 2 c
ev, a x   b2  2 c x + a = 0
3 + i| ZvnGj Aci ‰KwU gƒj nGe 3  i; KviY RwUj gƒjàwj a a
ˆRvovq ˆRvovq ^vGK| ev, x2  {( + )2  2} x +  = 0
awi, Aci gƒj  ev, x2  (2 + 2)x +  = 0
gƒjòGqi àYdj (3 + i) (3  i).  =  30 ev, x2  2x  2x +  = 0
ev, (9  i2).  =  30 ev, (9 + 1)  =  30 ev, x (x  )   (x  ) = 0
 (x  ) (x  ) = 0
ev, 10  =  30   =  3
nq x   = 0 A^ev x   = 0
 g (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi Aci gƒjàwj 3  i,  3. (Ans.)
 
ev, x =  ev, x = 
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = x4  3x3  11x2 + 23x  10

 x4  3x3  11x2 + 23x  10 = 0 ... ... ... (i)  
x = , (Ans.)
 
ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cÉ`î (i) bs mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 1 ‰es Aci
M cÉ`î mgxKiY, (x) = 0

gƒjàwj , , 
ev, ax2 + bx + c = 0
  = 1 +  +  +  = 3   +  +  = 2 ... (ii)
a = 1, b =  2n, c = n2  m2 nGj mgxKiYwU nGe,
 = 1. + 1. + 1. + . + . +  = 11
x2  2nx + n2  m2 = 0 ... ... ... (i)
ev,  +  +  +  +  +  =  11 awi, (i) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  ‰es 
ev,  +  +  = 11  2 [‹  +  +  = 2]  +  = 2n ‰es  = n2  m2
  +  +  =  13 ... ... (iii) cÉkg² GZ, wbGYÆq mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  +  ‰es |  |
‰es  =  10 ... ... ... (iv) ‰Lb, (  )2 = ( + )2  4
cÉ`î ivwk = 3 + 3 + 3 ev,    =  ( + )2  4 =  (2n)2  4 (n2  m2)
= 3 + 3 + 3  3 + 3 =  4n2  4n2 + 4m2 =  4m2 =  2m
= ( +  + ) {2 + 2 + 2      } + 3  |  | = 2m
= ( +  + ) {( +  + )2  2 ( +  + )  wbGYÆq mgxKiY:
 ( +  + )} + 3 x2  {( + ) + | |} x + ( + ) |  | = 0
2
= ( +  + ) {( +  + )  3 ( +  + )} + 3 ev, x2  (2n + 2m)x + 2n.2m = 0
= 2 {22  3 (13)} + 3. (10) = 56 (Ans.)  x2  2 (m + n)x + 4mn = 0 (Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 7

² 36 `†kÅK͸-1: x2  px + pq = 0.
cÉk
 ˆhGnZz,  mgxKiY«¼Gqi mvaviY gƒj ˆmGnZz (i) I (ii) bs nGZ
`†kÅK͸-2: x2 + ax + b = 0 ‰es x2 + bx + a = 0. cvB,
K. x3 + qx + r = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒjàGjv a, b, c nGj (b + c  a) 2 + a + b = 0
(c + a  b) (a + b  c) ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2 2 + b + a = 0

L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i mgxKiYwUi gƒj«¼Gqi A¯¦i r nGj p ˆK q I r mgxKiY«¼Gqi eRÊàYb KGi cvB,

‰i gvaÅGg cÉKvk Ki| 4 2  1
= =
a – b2 b – a b – a
2
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i mgxKiY«¼Gqi ‰KwU mvaviY gƒj ^vKGj ˆ`LvI
(a + b)(a – b) b–a
ˆh, ZvG`i Aci `ywU gƒj «¼viv MwVZ mgxKiYwU =
– (a – b)
‰es  = b – a = 1
x2 + x + ab = 0. 4 ev,  = – (a + b)
wkLbdj- 3, 4, 7 I 8 [Kz w gÍÏ v ˆevWÆ
- 2021  cÉ
k ² bs 2] ev, 1 = – (a + b); [‹  = 1]
36 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb a+b=–1
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, x + qx + r = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒjàGjv a, b, c.
 3
b
 a + b + c = 0 ... (i)  = 1 nGj = =b
1
Avevi, ab + bc + ca = q ... (ii) ‰es abc = – r ... (iii) a
‰es  = 1 nGj =1=a
‰LvGb, cÉ`î ivwk
= (b + c – a) (c + a – b) (a + b – c) I  gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiY:
= (– a – a) (– b – b) (– c – c); [(i) bs nGZ cvB]
x2 – ( + )x +  =0
= (– 2a) (– 2b) (2c)
=  8abc ev, x – (b + a)x + ba = 0
2

= – 8.(– r) ; [(iii) bs nGZ cvB] ev, x2 – (– 1)x + ab = 0; [‹ a + b = – 1]

= 8r (Ans.)  x2 + x + ab = 0 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,

x2 – px + pq = 0 ... (i) cÉk
² 37 `†kÅK͸-1: 2x2  3x + 1 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I .
gGb Kwi, mgxKiYwUi gƒj«¼q  ‰es  + r. `†kÅK͸-2: x2 + x  k = 0 ‰es x2  7x + (k + 4) = 0 `ywU w«¼NvZ
gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj,  +  + r = p mgxKiY|
ev, 2 + r = p K. 3x2 + 2x + 5 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒGji cÉK‡wZ wbYÆq Ki| 2
=
p–r L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK  +  ‰es  gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiY
2
wbYÆq Ki| 4
Avevi, gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj, ( + r) = pq
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK mgxKiY `ywUi ‰KwU gvò mvaviY
ev, 2 + r = pq
2 gƒj ^vKGj k ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
ev, (p 2– r) + (p 2– r)r = pq wkLbdj- 4, 5, 6 I 7 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 1]
ev, (p – r)2 + 2r(p – r) = 4pq 37 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev, p2 – 2pr + r2 + 2pr – 2r2 – 4pq = 0 K cÉ`î mgxKiYwUGK ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiGYi mvG^ Zzjbv

KGi cvB, a = 3, b = 2 ‰es c = 5
ev, p2 – 4qp – r2 = 0
wbøvqK, D = (2)2  4.3.5 = 4  60 =  56 < 0
– ( 4q)  (– 4q)2 – 4.1.(– r2)
p=  mgxKiYwUi gƒj«¼q AevÕ¦e I Amgvb| (Ans.)
2.1
4q  16q2 + 4r2 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,

=
2 cÉ`î mgxKiY, 2x2  3x + 1 = 0 ... ... (i)
 p = 2q  4q2 + r2 (Ans.) (i) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I  nGj,
3 3 1
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, + = 
  2  = 2 ‰es  = 2
x2 + ax + b = 0 ... (i)
( + ) I  gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiY,
x2 + bx + a = 0... (ii)
x2  ( +  + ) x + ( + )  = 0
gGb Kwi, Dfq mgxKiGYi mvaviY gƒj . (i) bs ‰i Aci gƒj 3 1 3 1
 x2   +  x + . = 0
 ‰es (ii) bs ‰i Aci gƒj . 2 2  2 2
(i) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj,  +  = – a 3
 x2  2x + = 0  4x2  8x + 3 = 0 (Ans.)
4
‰es gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj,  = b
Avevi, (ii) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj, M awi, x2 + x  k = 0 ... ... (i)

+=–b ‰es x2  7x + (k + 4) = 0 ... ... (ii)
‰es gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj,  = a gGb Kwi, mvaviY gƒjwU  ZvnGj,
2
 +   k = 0 ... ... (iii)
8 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
‰es 2  7 + k + 4 = 0 ... ... (iv)  pq =
c
... ... ... (ii)
(iv) bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB, a2
2 +   8 + k + 4 = 0 p q c p+q c
‰Lb, + + = +
 k  8 + k + 4 = 0; [(iii) bs nGZ] q p a pq a
k+2 c
 8 = 2k + 4   = ... ... ... (v) –
4 a c
(iii) bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB,
= +
a
[(i) I (ii) bs nGZ]
c
2
k +4 2  + k +4 2  k = 0 a2
  c a c c c
k2 + 4k + 4 k + 2 =– 
a c
+ =– + =0
 + k=0 a a a
16 4
2 p q c
 k + 4k + 4 + 4k + 8  16k = 0
 k2  8k + 12 = 0  k2  6k  2k + 12 = 0

q
+
p
+
a
=0 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
 k (k  6)  2 (k  6) = 0 M ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I  nGj,

 (k  6) (k  2) = 0  k = 2, 6 (Ans.)
b c
+= ‰es  = a
cÉk
² 38 (x) = ax + bx + c.
2 a
DóxcGKi AvGjvGK wbGPi (L) I (M) cÉGk²i Dîi `vI: 1 1
‰Lb,  +  ‰es  +  gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiGYi
K. ˆ`LvI ˆh, b = p bv nGj, 2x2  2(b + p) x + b2 + p2 = 0 1 1
mgxKiYwUi gƒjàGjv evÕ¦e nGZ cvGi bv| 2 gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj =  +  +  + 
L. b = c ‰es (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼Gqi AbycvZ p : q nq, 1 1
= ( + ) +  + 
p q c  
ZGe ˆ`LvI ˆh, q
+
p
+
a
= 0. 4  + 
= ( + ) + 
1 1   
M. (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj `ywU ,  nGj  +  I  +  –b –b/a –b b
= + = a –c
a
    c/a
gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
wkLbdj- 3, 4, 5 I 6 [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 1] –bc – ab
= =–
(ab + bc)
ac ac
38 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
1 1
K cÉ`î mgxKiY,
 ‰es gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj =  +   + 
2x2 – 2(b + p)x + b2 + p2 = 0 º º (i) 1
=  + 1 + 1 +
(i)bs mgxKiGYi gƒjàwj evÕ¦e nGe hw` c†^vqGKi gvb kƒbÅ 
1 c 1
A^ev abvñK nq| =  +

+2= +
a c/a
+2
 (i) ‰i c†^vqK = {– 2(b + p)}2 – 4.2 (b2 + p2) c a 2 2
c + a + 2ac (a + c) 2
= + +2= =
= 4(b + p)2 – 8(b2 + p2) a c ac ac
= 4(b2 + 2bp + p2 – 2b2 – 2p2) 1 1
  +  ‰es  +  gƒjwewkÓ¡ wbGYÆq mgxKiY,
= 4( – b2 – p2 + 2bp) = – 4 (b – p)2  0    
x2 – (gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj)x + gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj = 0
‰GÞGò cÉ`î mgxKiGYi gƒjàwj evÕ¦e nGe hw` c†^vqGKi gvb
– (ab + bc)  (a + c)2
kƒbÅ| A^Ævr , (b  p)2 = 0  b  p = 0 ev, x2 –  ac  x + ac = 0
 
 b = p nq| (a + c)bx (a + c)2
ev, x2 + ac + =0
myZivs b = p bv nGj cÉ`î mgxKiGYi gƒjàwj evÕ¦e nGZ cvGi ac
2 2
 acx + b(a + c)x + (a + c) = 0 (Ans.)
bv| (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (x) = ax2 + bx + c
 cÉk
² 39 ax3 + bx2 + cx + d = 0 ‰KwU wòNvZ mgxKiY|
b = c nGj, (x) = ax + cx + c
2 K. p ‰i gvb KZ nGj px2 + 4x + 3 ivwkwU cƒYÆeMÆ nGe? 2
‰es f(x) = 0 A^Ævr, ax + cx + c = 0
2 L. hw` a = 3, b =  2, c = 0, d = 1 nq ‰es mgxKiYwUi
awi, cÉ`î mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q p ‰es q gƒjòq , ,  nq ZGe 2 ˆei Ki| 4
gƒj mnM mÁ·KÆ AbymvGi, M. hw` a = 1, b =  9, c = 23, d =  15 nq ‰es mgxKiYwUi
c ‰KwU gƒj 3 nq, ZGe Aci gƒjàGjv wbYÆq Ki| 4
p + q = –
a wkLbdj- 4, 5, 7 I 9 [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 2]
c 39 bs cÉ Gk² i mgvavb
p+q=– ... ... ... (i)
a
c K px2 + 4x + 3 ivwkwU cƒYÆ eMÆ nGe hw`

‰es p.q = a px2 + 4x + 3 = 0 mgxKiGYi wbøvqK
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 9
D = (4)2  4.p.3 = 0 nq awi, Aci gƒjwU 
4
A^Ævr 16  12p = 0  12p = 16  p = 3 (Ans.) cÉkg² GZ, (2  3i)(2 + 3i). = 65 ev, (4  9i2). = 65
65
L
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, a = 3, b =  2, c = 0, d = 1 ev, (4 + 9). = 65   = 13 = 5
 cÉ`î mgxKiY, 3x3  2x2 + 1 = 0  wòNvZ mgxKiYwUi wZbwU gƒj 2  3i, 2 + 3i ‰es 5.
‰Lb, 3x  2x2 + 1 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj I mnGMi mÁ·KÆ
3
 mgxKiYwU x3  (2  3i + 2 + 3i + 5)x2
nGZ cvB, + {(2 + 3i)(2  3i) + (2 + 3i).5 + (2  3i).5}x
2 1  (2  3i)(2 + 3i).5 = 0
 +  +  =  = ,  +  +  =  = 0 ‰es  =  ev, x3  9x2 + (4  9i2 + 10 + 15i + 10  15i)x  65 = 0
3 3
‰Lb 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 ev, x3  9x2 + (4 + 9 + 10 + 10)x  65 = 0
= 2 + 2 +  + 2 +  + 2 +  ev, x3  9x2 + 33x  65 = 0
+ 2 + 2  3  wbGYÆq mgxKiY, x3  9x2 + 33x  65 = 0 (Ans.)
  M
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, ax2 + bx + b = 0
= ( +  + ) ( +  + )  3
2 1 gGb Kwi, cÉ`î mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q p ‰es q
=   (0)  3  = 1  2 = 1 (Ans.) b b
3   3 p + q = – ‰es p.q =
a a
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, a = 1, b =  9, c = 23, d =  15
 b
 cÉ`î mgxKiY, x3  9x2 + 23x  15 = 0 p+q=– ... ... ... (i)
a
awi, Aci gƒjòq  I  b
 pq = ... ... ... (ii)
3 +  +  =  ( 9)   +  = 6 a2
  = 6   ... ... ... (i) p q b p+q b
Avevi, 3 =  (15) ‰Lb, evgcÞ = q + p + a = +
a
pq
  = 5 b
  (6  ) = 5 [(i) nGZ gvb ewmGq] –
a b
 6  2 = 5  2  6 + 5 = 0  2    5 + 5 = 0 = +
a
[(i) I (ii) bs nGZ]
  (  1)  5 (  1) = 0  (  1) (  5) = 0 b
  = 1, 5 a2
‰i gvb (i) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB, =– 
b a
+
b
=–
b
+
b
= 0 = WvbcÞ
 = 6  1 = 5 A^ev  = 6  5 = 1 a b a a a
 wbGYÆq Aci gƒj«¼q 1 ‰es 5 (Ans.) p q b
 + + = 0 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
q p a
cÉk
² 40 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KwU wòNvZ mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj
cÉk
² 41 f(x) = x2  5x + 4; g(x) = px2 + qx + r, p  0.
2  3 1 ‰es gƒjàGjvi àYdj 65
K. Drcv`GKi mvnvGhÅ x2 + i2 2x + 16 = 0 mgxKiGYi
`†kÅK͸-2: lx2 + mx + m = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼Gqi AbycvZ a : b
K. (m  1)x2  (m + 1)x + 2 = 0, m ‰i gvb KZ nGj cÉ`î mgvavb wbYÆq Ki| 2
mgxKiGYi gƒjàGjv mgvb nGe? 2 L. f(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q a, b nGj a2 + b2 I a3 + b3
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK mgxKiYwU wbYÆq Ki| 4 gƒjwewkÓ¡ w«¼NvZ mgxKiYwU wbYÆq Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ˆ^GK cÉgvY Ki ˆh, M. g(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi mvaviY mgvavb wbYÆq KGi c†^vqK
a b m
eÅvLÅv Ki| 4
b
+
a
+
l
= 0. 4 wkLbdj- 1, 2, 4 I 6 [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 1]
wkLbdj- 3, 4, 5 I 6 [hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 1] 41 bs cÉ Gk² i mgvavb
40 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb K
 x2
+ i 2 2x + 16 = 0
K cÉ`î (m  1)x2  (m + 1)x + 2 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒjàGjv
 ev, x2 + 2.x. 2i + ( 2i)2 + 18 = 0
mgvb nGe hw` ‰i wbøvqK kƒbÅ nq| ev, (x + 2i)2 =  18 ev, (x + 2i)2 = 18i2
 { (m +1)}2  4.2.(m  1) = 0  x + 2i =  3 2i
ev, (m + 1)2  8(m  1) = 0  x = 3 2i  2i A^ev, x =  3 2i  2i
ev, m2 + 2m + 1  8m + 8 = 0 = 2 2i =  4 2i
ev, m2  6m + 9 = 0  wbGYÆq mgvavb, x = 2 2i,  4 2i (Ans.)
ev, (m)2  2.m.3 + (3)2 = 0 L
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = x2  5x + 4
ev, (m  3)2 = 0 ‰es f(x) = 0
ev, m  3 = 0  x2  5x + 4 = 0 ... ... (i)
 m = 3 (Ans.)
L `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cvB, ‰KwU wòNvZ mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj
 (i) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q a I b
2  3 1 = 2  3i ‰es gƒjàGjvi àYdj 65| ˆhGnZz ‰KwU  ( 5)
ZvnGj, gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj, a + b = 1 = 5
gƒj 2  3i.
4
Aci ‰KwU gƒj nGe ‰i Abye®¬x A^Ævr, 2 + 3i. gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj, ab = 1 = 4
 wòNvZ mgxKiYwUi `yBwU gƒj 2  3i ‰es 2 + 3i
10 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
‰Lb, a2 + b2 = (a + b)2  2ab = 52  2.4 = 25  8 = 17 42 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
a3 + b3 = (a + b)3  3ab(a + b) = 53  3.4.5 K w«¼NvZ mgxKiGYi RwUj gƒjàwj ˆRvovq ˆRvovq ^vGK|

= 125  60 = 65
 ‰KwU gƒj 2  3i nGj Aci gƒj 2 + 3i|
 a2 + b2 ‰es a3 + b3 gƒjwewkÓ¡ w«¼NvZ mgxKiY,
x2  (17 + 65)x + 65  17 = 0 gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj = 2  3i + 2 + 3i = 4
 x2  82x + 1105 = 0 (Ans.) gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj = (2  3i)(2 + 3i) = 4  9i2
M
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, g(x) = px2 + qx + r, p  0 = 4  9( 1) = 13
‰es g(x) = 0  wbGYÆq w«¼NvZ mgxKiY: x2  4x + 13 = 0 (Ans.)
cÉ`î mgxKiY px2 + qx + r = 0 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (x) = x3  9x2 + 21x  5

ev, 4p x + 4pqx + 4pr = 0
2 2
‰es (x) = 0
[Dfq cÞGK 4p «¼viv àY KGi ]  x3  9x2 + 21x  5 = 0 ... ... (i)
ev, (2px)2 + 2(2px). q + q2  q2 + 4pr = 0 (i) bs mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 5
ev, (2px + q)2 = q2  4pr
‰Lb, x3  5x2  4x2 + 20x + x  5 = 0
ev, 2px + q =  q2  4pr
ev, x2(x  5)  4x(x  5) + 1(x  5) = 0
ev, 2px =  q  q2  4pr 2
 (x  5)(x  4x + 1) = 0
q q2  4pr
myZivs, x = 2p  (i)bs mgxKiGYi Aci gƒj«¼q nGe
2
px + qx + r = 0, (p  0) w«¼NvZ mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q x  4x + 1 = 0 w«¼NvZ mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q|
2

q+ 2
q  4pr q q2  4pr  ( 4)  ( 4)2  4.1.1
2p
‰es 2p
, x=
2.1
ˆhLvGb p, q, r evÕ¦e msLÅv| 4  16  4 4  2 3
= = =2 3
‰LvGb jÞYxq ˆh, Dfq gƒGjB ‰KwU ivwk q  4pr 2 2 2

we`Ågvb| myZivs ‘ ’ ‰i gGaÅi ivwk (q2  4pr) ‰i wewf®²  Aci gƒj `yBwU nGjv 2 + 3 I 2  3 (Ans.)
M (x) = x3  3x2 + 5x  8
gvGbi RbÅ gƒj«¼Gqi cÉK‡wZI cwiewZÆZ nGe| A^Ævr, q  4pr 
2

‰i gvb chÆvGjvPbv KGi w«¼NvZ mgxKiGYi gƒGji cÉK‡wZ ‰es (x) = 0

wbwøZ fvGe wbi…cY Kiv hvq ev wewf®² cÉKvGi gƒjGK c†^K  x3  3x2 + 5x  8 = 0 ... ... (i)
Kiv hvq| ‰ KviGYB (q  4pr) ˆK cÉ`î w«¼NvZ mgxKiGYi
2
mgxKiGYi gƒjòq a, b, c nGj,
c†^vqK ev wbøvqK (Discriminant) ejv nq|  ( 3) 5
a+b+c= = 3, ab + bc + ca = =5
–q  q2  4pr 1 1
w«¼NvZ mgxKiGYi mgvavb x = 2p  ( 8)
q
‰es abc = 1
=8
(i) hw` q  4pr = 0 nq, ZGe gƒj«¼q x =  2p ‰es
2

‰Lb, a3b = a3b + b3c + c3a + ab3 + bc3 + ca3

q

2p
nq, A^Ævr gƒj«¼q evÕ¦e I mgvb nGe| = a3b + ab3 + b3c + bc3 + c3a + ac3
= a3b + ab3 + abc2 + b3c + bc3 + bca2 + c3a
(ii) hw` q2  4pr abvñK A^Ævr, q2  4pr > 0 nq, ZGe
+ a3c + acb2  abc2  bca2  acb2
gƒj«¼q evÕ¦e I Amgvb nGe| = ab(a + b + c ) + bc(b + c2 + a2)
2 2 2 2

(iii) hw` q2  4pr FYvñK A^Ævr, q2  4pr < 0 nq, ZGe + ca(c2 + a2 + b2)  abc(c + a + b)
gƒj«¼q RwUj I Amgvb nGe| RwUj gƒj«¼q ‰KwU 2 2 2
= (a + b + c )(ab + bc + ca)  abc(a + b + c)
AciwUi Abye®¬x nGe| = {(a + b + c)2  2(ab + bc + ca)}(ab + bc + ca)  abc(a + b + c)
(iv) hw` q2  4pr abvñK A^Ævr, q2  4pr > 0 ‰es cƒYÆeMÆ = (32  2.5).5  8.3 = (9  10).5  24
msLÅv ‰es p, q, r gƒj` msLÅv nq, ZGe gƒj«¼q gƒj` I =  5  24 =  29 (Ans.)
Amgvb nGe|
cÉk²43 F(x) = 27x2 + 6x  (m + 2), P(x) = rx2  2nx + 4m

cÉk
² 42 (x) = x  9x + 21x  5; (x) = x  3x + 5x  8.
3 2 3 2
‰es Q(x) = mx2 + nx + r.
K. ‰KwU w«¼NvZ mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki hvi ‰KwU gƒj 2  3i. 2 K. (2 + 2 3i) gƒjwewkÓ¡ w«¼NvZ mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 2
L. (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 5 nGj Aci gƒj«¼q wbYÆq L. F(x) = 0 mgxKiYwUi ‰KwU gƒj Aci gƒjwUi eGMÆi mgvb
Ki| 4 nGj, m ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
M. (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒjòq a, b, c nGj a3b ‰i gvb M. P(x) = 0 ‰es Q(x) = 0 mgxKiY `ywUi ‰KwU mvaviY gƒj
wbYÆq Ki| 4 ^vKGj, cÉgvY Ki ˆh, (2m  r)2 + 2n2 = 0
A^ev 2m + r = 0 4
wkLbdj- 6, 7 I 9 [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 2] wkLbdj- 4, 5, 6 I 7 [XvKv ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 2]
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 11
43 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 44 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
K wbGYÆq w«¼NvZ mgxKiYwUi ‰KwU gƒj (2 + 2 3i) nGj Aci
 K (m  1)x  (m + 2)x + 4 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒjàGjv evÕ¦e I mgvb
 2

gƒjwU (2  2 3i); nGj wbøvqK D = 0 nGe|

KviY evÕ¦e mnMwewkÓ¡ RwUj gƒj ˆRvovq ^vGK|
‰Lb, D = 0
wbGYÆq mgxKiYwU,
x2  (2 + 2 3i + 2  2 3i)x + (2 + 2 3i) (2  2 3i) = 0 ev, { (m + 2)}2  4. (m  1) 4 = 0
 x2  4x + 22  (2 3i)2 = 0 ev, m2 + 4m + 4  16m + 16 = 0
 x2  4x + 4 + 12 = 0 ev, m2  12m + 20 = 0
 x2  4x + 16 = 0 (Ans.)
L
 gGb Kwi, cÉ`î mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I 2 ev, m2  10m  2m + 20 = 0
6  (m + 2) ev, m (m  10)  2 (m  10) = 0
ZvnGj,  + 2 = – 27 ‰es .2 = 3 = 27 ... ... ... (i)
ev, (m  10) (m  2) = 0
2
  + 2 =  m = 10, 2 (Ans.)
9
ev, 9 + 9 = 2
2 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = px2 + qx + r

ev, 92 + 9 + 2 = 0 cÉkg² GZ, f(x) = 0
ev, 92 + 6 + 3 + 2 = 0  px2 + qx + r = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I .
ev, 3(3 + 2) + 1(3 + 2) = 0 q r
ev, (3 + 2) (3 + 1) = 0 ˆhvMdj,  +  = p ‰es àYdj,  = p
2 1
= ,– Avevi, rx2 + 4qx + 16p = 0
3 3
r q 16p
2
(i) bs ‰  =  ewmGq,
1
Avevi, (i) bs ‰  =  3 ev, p x2  4  p  x + p = 0
3
2 3 (m + 2) 1 3 (m + 2) ev, x2  4( + )x + 16 = 0
( ) 
3
=
27 ( )
ewmGq,  3 =  27
ev, x2  4x  4x + 16 = 0
8 (m + 2) 1 (m + 2)
ev, 27 =  27 ev, 27 =  27 ev, x (x  4)  4(x  4) = 0
ev, m + 2 = 8 ev, m = 6 ev, m + 2 = 1 ev, m = 1  (x  4) (x  4) = 0
 m = 6,  1 (Ans.) nq, x  4 = 0 A^ev, x  4 = 0
M
 gGb Kwi, P(x) = rx2  2nx + 4m = 0 ‰es Q(x) = mx2 + nx + r = 0 4
ev, x = 4  x =  ev, x = 4
awi, mgxKiY«¼Gqi mvaviY gƒj .
myZivs r2  2n + 4m = 0 ... ... ... (i) 4
x=
m2 + n + r = 0 ... ... ... (ii) 
(i) I (ii) bs nGZ eRÊàYb c«¬wZGZ, 4 4
2 1  wbGYÆq gƒj«¼q  ‰es 

= =
 2nr  4mn 4m2  r2 nr + 2mn
 1 4m2  r2 M f(x) = 0

‰LvGb, 4m2  r2 = nr + 2mn   = n(2m + r)  px2 + qx + r = 0 ... ... (i)
2
Avevi,  2nr  4mn = 4m2  r2
 ‰es g(x) = 0  rx2 + qx + p = 0 ... ... (ii)
awi, (i) I (ii) bs mgxKiY«¼Gqi mvaviY gƒj |
 2n(2m + r) 4m2  r2 2n(2m + r)
ev,  = 4m2  r2 ev, n(2m + r) = 4m2  r2  p2 + q + r = 0 … … (iii)
ev, (4m2  r2)2 =  2n2(2m + r)2 ‰es r2 + q + p = 0 … … (iv)
ev, (2m + r)2 (2m  r)2 + 2n2 (2m + r)2 = 0 (iii) I (iv) bs nGZ eRÊàYb c«¬wZGZ,
ev, (2m + r)2 {(2m  r)2 + 2n2} = 0 2
=

=
1
ev, (2m + r)2 = 0 nq pq  qr r2  p2 pq  qr
 2m + r = 0 A^ev, (2m  r)2 + 2n2 = 0 (cÉgvwYZ) 2 
 =
q (r  p) (r + p) (r  p)
cÉk
² 44 f(x) = px2 + qx + r ‰es g(x) = rx2 + qx + p.  1 q
K. m ‰i gvb KZ nGj, (m  1) x2  (m + 2) x + 4 = 0 ev, q = r + p   = r + p … … (v)
mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q mgvb nGe? 2  1  1
L. DóxcK ˆ^GK f(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q ,  nGj Avevi, r2  p2 = pq  qr ev, (r + p) (r  p) = q (r  p)
rx2 + 4qx + 16p = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼qGK  I  ‰i  1 (r + p)
gvaÅGg cÉKvk Ki| 4 ev, r + p = q ev,  = q
[(v) bs nGZ]
M. DóxcGKi f(x) = 0 ‰es g(x) = 0 mgxKiY«¼Gqi ‰KwU q (r + p)
mvaviY gƒj ^vKGj p, q ‰es r ‰i gGaÅ mÁ·KÆ Õ©vcb ev, r + p = q
ev, (p + r)2 = q2
Ki| 4  p + r =  q BnvB wbGYÆq mÁ·KÆ|
wkLbdj- 4, 5 I 7 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 2]
12 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cÉk
² 45 P(x) = mx3 + nx2 + qx + r. ² 46 `†kÅK͸-1: g(x) = 1  9x + 20x2
cÉk

1

K. m = 0 ‰es n = q = r = 1 nGj, P(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒGji

`†kÅK͸-2: mx2 + nx + s = 0 ‰KwU w«¼NvZ mgxKiY|
cÉK‡wZ wbYÆq Ki| 2 K.  4  4i RwUj msLÅvi AvàÆGg´Ÿ wbYÆq Ki| 2
L. P(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒjàGjv , ,  nGj,  wbYÆq Ki| 4
3
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK g(x) ‰i weÕ¦‡wZi xn ‰i mnM wbYÆq
M. ‰gb ‰KwU mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki hvi gƒj«¼q h^vKÌGg Ki| 4
1
P(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj `ywUi mgwÓ¡ I A¯¦idGji cig M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK m = 9, n = 2, s =  3 (p + 2) nGj
gvb nGe, ˆhLvGb, m = 0, n = 2, q = 1, r = 1. 4 cÉvµ¦ mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj hw` AciwUi eGMÆi mgvb nq
wkLbdj- 4, 5, 7 I 9 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 3] ZGe p ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
45 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 2]
46 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, P(x) = mx3 + nx2 + qx +r

K RwUj msLÅvwU:  4  4i

m = 0, n = q = r = 1 ‰es P(x) = 0 nGj,
4
0 = 0.x3 + 1.x2 + 1.x + 1 ev, x2 + x + 1 = 0 AvàÆGg´Ÿ,  = tan1   1
 4 = tan 1
mgxKiYwUi wbøvqK = 12  4.1.1 = 1  4 =  3 < 0 ˆhGnZz we±`ywU Z‡Zxq PZzfÆvGM AewÕ©Z|
 mgxKiYwUi gƒj«¼q RwUj ‰es Amgvb| (Ans.) 

wbGYÆq AvàÆGg´Ÿ = tan1 1   = 4   =  4 (Ans.)
3

L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, mx3 + nx2 + qx + r = 0

 1
mgxKiYwUi gƒjàGjv ,  I  nGj, L cÉ`î weÕ¦‡wZ, g(x) = 1  9x + 20x2

n q r 1 1
++=
m
,  +  +  =
m
‰es  = m = =
1  5x  4x + 20x2 1  5x  4x(1  5x)
=

‰Lb, 3 + 3 + 3  3 = ( +  + )(2 + 2 + 2 1

(1  5x)(1  4x)
     )
1 1
= ( +  + ){( +  + )2  2( +  +)  ( +  + )} = +
4 5
= ( +  + ){( +  + )2  3( +  + )} ( )
(1  5x) 1 
5
(1  4x) 1 
4( )
 3 + 3 + 3 = ( +  + ) {( +  +  [‘cover-up rule’ AbymvGi]
 5 4
= 
 n  n2 q  r 1  5x 1  4x
=   3 .  + 3 
m  m  m  m = 5[1 + 5x + (5x)2 + ... + (5x)n + ...]  4[1 + 4x + ... + (4x)n + ...]
n3 3nq 3r (Ans.)
 3 =  +  (Ans.)
m3 m2 m  x ‰i mnM = 5.5  4.4 = 5  4 (Ans.)
n n n n+1 n+1

M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, P(x) = mx3 + nx2 + qx + r

 M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, w«¼NvZ mgxKiY, mx2 + nx + s = 0

 0 = 2x2 + x  1 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 1
‰Lb, m = 9, n = 2, s =  3 (p + 2) nGj, mgxKiYwU
ev, 2x + x  1 = 0
2
P(x) = 0
(p + 2)
awi, mgxKiYwUi gƒj«¼q a I b m=0 9x2 + 2x 
3
= 0 ............. (i)
1 1 n=2
ZvnGj, a + b = 2 , ab =  2  27x2 + 6x  (p + 2) = 0
q=1
gGb Kwi, cÉ`î mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q  I 2
r=1
‰Lb, (a  b)2 = (a + b)2  4ab 6  (p + 2)
ZvnGj,  + 2 = – 27 ‰es .2 = 3 = 27 ... ... (i)
1 2
=    4  21 = 14 + 2 = 1 +4 8 = 49
2
 2
  + 2 =
9
ev, 9 + 92 = 2
3
ab=
2 ev, 92 + 9 + 2 = 0
3 ev, 92 + 6 + 3 + 2 = 0
kZÆvbymvGi, |a  b| = 2
ev, 3(3 + 2) + 1(3 + 2) = 0
(a + b) I | a  b | gƒj«¼q wewkÓ¡ mgxKiY, ev, (3 + 2) (3 + 1) = 0
x2  {(a + b) + (| a  b |)}x + (a + b)(| a  b |) = 0 2 1
 = ,–
1 3 1 3 3 3
ev, x2   2 + 2x +  2   2 = 0
  (i) bs ‰  = 
2
ewmGq, Avevi, (i) bs ‰
3
3 1
ev, x2  x  4 = 0  4x2  4x  3 = 0 (Ans.) =
3
ewmGq,
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 13
3 3
M cÉ`î DóxcK = (1 + 3y)2n; ‰LvGb, n ‰i ˆh ˆKvb gvGbi RbÅ

( 23) =
(p + 2)
27 ( 13) =  (p27+ 2) 2n ˆRvo msLÅv|
8 (p + 2) 1 (p + 2)
ev, 27 =  27 ev, 27 =  27 KvGRB, weÕ¦‡wZwUGZ ‰KwU gvò gaÅc` AvGQ|
ev, p + 2 = 8 ev, p + 2 = 1 gaÅc`wU = (2n2 + 1) Zg c` = (n + 1) Zg c`
ev, p = 6 ev, p = 1  gaÅc`wUi gvb Tn+1 = 2nCn . (1)2n − n . (3y)n
 p = 6,  1 (Ans.) = 2nCn . (1)n . (3y)n = 2nCn . (3y)n

² 47 `†kÅK͸-1: 8x2  6x + 1 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q a I b.

cÉk 2n
= . (3y)n
`†kÅK͸-2: (1 + 3y)2n ˆhLvGb n  Ù. n 2n − n
3
K. gvb wbYÆq Ki : i . 2 =
2n . (2n − 1) . (2n − 2) . (2n − 3) ..... 4.3.2.1
(3y)n
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ ‰Bi…c ‰KwU mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki hvi gƒj«¼q n . n
1 1 {2n (2n − 2) (2n − 4) .... 4.2} {(2n −1) (2n − 3) ... 5.3.1}
a+
b
‰es b + a . 4 = (3y)n
n . n
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK ˆ`LvI ˆh, cÉ`î weÕ¦‡wZi gaÅc`wU n
2 {n (n − 1) (n − 2) .... 2.1} {1.3.5 ...... (2n − 3) (2n −1)}
1 . 3 . 5 .... (2n  1) n n = 3n.yn
nGe n!
6y. 4 n . n
[PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 3] {1.2.3 ........ (n  2) (n  1)n} {1.3.5 ..... (2n  3) (2n  1)}
= 2n . 3n.yn
47 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb n . n
3
K gGb Kwi, x = i
 n {1.3.5. .......... (2n −1)}
= 6n . yn
ev, x3 = i [Nb KGi] n . n
ev, x3  i = 0 ev, x3 + i3 = 0 [ i2 = –1]
= 1.3.5 ........... (2n − 1)
6n.yn (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
ev, (x + i) (x2  ix + i2) = 0 n
nq x + i = 0
 x=i cÉk
² 48 (x) = lx2 + mx + n.
A^ev, x  ix + i = 0
2 2
K. x3 + x2 + 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 2i nGj,
ev, x2  ix  1 = 0 mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 2
i i2  4(1) i  1 + 4 L. (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q a, b nGj,
ev, x = 2
=
2
nl(x2 + 1) + (2nl  m2)x = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼qGK a, b
i 3
x=
2 ‰i gvaÅGg cÉKvk Ki| 4
3 i 3
M. l = 42, m =  13, n = 1 nGj, {(x)}1 ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ x99
 i = i,
2
(Ans.) ‰i mnM wbYÆq Ki| 4
[wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 3]
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 8x2  6x + 1 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q a I b.

6 3 1 48 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
 a+b= = ‰es ab =
8 4 8 K x + x + 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 2i hv ‰KwU RwUj
 3 2

1 1 a+b
‰Lb, a + b + b + a = a + b + ab msLÅv| wK¯§ RwUj gƒj ˆRvovq ^vGK| myZivs w«¼Zxq gƒjwU  2i|
3 awi, Z‡Zxq gƒj 
3 4 3 3
= + = + 8
cÉ`î mgxKiY nGZ cvB,
4 1 4 4 2i + ( 2i) +  =  1
8
ev,  =  1
3 + 24 27
=
4
=
4  gƒjòq, h^vKÌGg  2i,  1 (Ans.)
1 1 L lx2 + mx + n = 0 mgxKiYwUi gƒj«¼q a I b nGj,

( )( )
‰es a + b b + a
m n
1 1 1 + 80 81 a+b=
l
‰es ab = l
= ab + 1 + 1 + = + 2 + 8 = =
ab 8 8 8
‰Lb, nl(x2 + 1) + (2nl  m2)x = 0
27 81
 wbGYÆq mgxKiY: x2 
4
x+
8 ( )
=0 ev, ln (x2 + 1)  (m2  2nl)x = 0
ln(x2 + 1) 1 2
ev, 8x  54x + 81 = 0 (Ans.)
2
ev, l2
 2 (m  2nl)x = 0 [l2
l
«¼viv fvM KGi]
14 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
n 2
49 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev, l (x2 + 1)  (ml  2 nl )x = 0
2
K 4x + 2x  1 = 0
 2
n m 2 n
ev, l (x2 + 1)   l   2 l x = 0 wbøvqK = (2)2  4.(1).4 = 4 + 16 = 20
 
ev, ab(x + 1)  {(a + b)  2ab}x = 0
2 2 ˆhGnZz mgxKiYwUi wbøvqK abvñK wK¯§ cƒYÆeMÆ bq| AZ‰e
ev, abx2 + ab  a2x  b2x = 0 mgxKiYwUi gƒj«¼q, evÕ¦e Amgvb I Agƒj`|
ev, abx2  a2x + ab  b2x = 0 L px2 + qx + r = 0 ‰i RbÅ cÉk²wU mgvavb Kiv mÁ¿e bq| r ‰i

ev, ax(bx  a)  b(bx  a) = 0 Õ©Gj q nGj Zv cÉgvY Kiv mÁ¿e|
ev, (bx  a) (ax  b) = 0 gGb Kwi, px2 + qx + q = 0
 bx  a = 0 A^ev, ax  b = 0 cÉ`î mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q, u ‰es v
a b
ev, x = b ev, x = a q q
u + v = –
p
‰es u.v = p
a b
 gƒj
`yBwU: b ‰es a (Ans.) q
u+v=– ... ... ... (i)
p
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, l = 42, m =  13, n = 1
 q
 {(x)}1 = (42x2  13x + 1)1  uv = ... ... ... (ii)
p2
= (42x2  7x  6x + 1)1 u v q u+v q
= {7x (6x  1)  1 (6x  1)}1 ‰Lb, v
+
u
+
p
= +
p
uv
= {(6x  1) (7x  1)}1
1 q
= –
(6x  1) (7x  1) p q
= +
p
[(i) I (ii) bs nGZ]
1 A B q
awi, (6x  1) (7x  1)  6x  1 + 7x  1 p2
Dfq cÞGK (6x  1) (7x  1) «¼viv àY KGi cvB, q p q
=–  +
1  A(7x  1) + B(6x  1) p q p
1 1 1
7 ( 7 ) (
x = nGj, 1 = A 7   1 + B 6   1 ) 7 =–
q
p
+
q
p
=0
1
( )
ev, 1 = A  0 + B  7  B =  7

u
v
+
v
u
+
q
p
=0 (cÉgvwYZ)
1 1 1
( ) ( )
Avevi, x = 6 nGj, 1 = A 7  6  1 + B 6  6  1
( 1)
M cÉ`î ivwk = 3x2  x

n

1
ev, 1 = A  6 + B  0  A = 6 1 9
n = 9 nGj, (3x  ) ‰i gaÅc` nGe 2wU ‰es Zv nGe,
2
1 6 7 x
 = 
(6x  1) (7x  1) 6x  1 7x  1
=
6

7
 (1  6x)  (1  7x)
( 2 ) Zg c` = (9 +2 1) Zg c` = 5 Zg c` ‰es
n+1

=
7

1  7x 1  6x
6 (n +2 1 + 1) Zg c` = (9 2+ 1 + 1) Zg c` = 6 Zg c`|
1 4
= 7(1 – 7x)–1 – 6(1 – 6x)–1 5 Zg c` = (4 + 1) Zg c` = 9C4 (3x2)9  4 .  x 
= 7{1 + 7x + 49x2 + .... + 7r . xr + ...}
 6{1 + 6x + 36x2 + ..... + 6r.xr + ... } 1
= 126.35. x10. = 30618 x6
x4
 r = 99 nGj, Avgiv cvB,
1 5
7(1 + 7x + 49x2 + ..... + 799.x99)
 6(1 + 6x + 36x2 + .... + 699.x99)
6 Zg c` = (5 + 1) Zg c` = 9C5 (3x2)9  5. ( )
x
 x99 ‰i mnM = 7100  6100 (Ans.) 1
= 126. 34. x8. 5 = 10206 x3
x
² 49 `†kÅK͸-1: px2 + qx + r = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj `ywUi AbycvZ
cÉk n=9 nGj gaÅc`«¼q 30618 x6,  10206 x3 (Ans.)
u : v| 12

1 n n = 12 ( 1) ‰i gaÅc` nGe ‰KwU ‰es Zv

nGj, 3x2  x
(
`†kÅK͸-2: 3x2  x . ) n 12
nGe, (2 + 1) Zg c` = ( 2 + 1) Zg c` = 7 Zg c`
K. 4x + 2x  1 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒGji cÉK‡wZ wbYÆq Ki|
2
2
u v q 1 6
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ˆ^GK cÉgvY Ki ˆh, v + u
+
p
= 0. 4 7 Zg c` = (6 + 1) Zg c` = 12C6 (3x2)126 .  x 
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK n = 9 I n = 12 ‰i RbÅ cÉ`î = 924 . 36 . x12 .
1
= 673596x6
weÕ¦‡wZi gaÅcG`i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4 x6
wkLbdj- == [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 3]  n = 12 nGj gaÅc` 673596 x6 (Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 15
2 2
4a – c
cÉk
² 50 hw` f(x) = ax2 + bx + c ‰es g(x) = cx2 + bx + a nq ‰es  = 2bc – 4ab [2q I 3q AbycvZ nGZ]
ZGe, 2 2
K. f(x) = 0 ‰i gƒGji cÉK‡wZ wbYÆq Ki| 2 myZivs Avgiv cvB, bc 2 2ab2 = 4a  c
4a  c 2bc  4ab
L. f(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q h^vKÌGg ,  nGj ˆ`LvI ˆh,
ev, (bc – 2ab)(2bc – 4ab) = (4a – c2)2
2
b3  3abc
3
(a + b) + (a + b) = 3
a3c3
4 ev, 2b2 (c –2a)2 = (c –2a)2(c +2a)2
M. f(x) = 0 ‰i ‰KwU gƒj, g(x) = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒGji ev, 2b2 (c –2a)2 – (c –2a)2(c +2a)2 = 0
ev, (c –2a)2 {2b2 –(2a + c)2} = 0
w«¼àY nGj, ˆ`LvI ˆh, 2a = c A^ev (2a + c)2 = 2b2 4
wkLbdj- 3, 4, 5 I 7 [XvKv ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 2]
nq, (c –2a)2 = 0 A^ev, 2b2 –(2a + c)2 = 0
50 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb ev, c –2a = 0 ev, (2a + c)2 = 2b2
 2a = c
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = ax2 + bx + c

‰LvGb, f(x) = 0 ev, ax2 + bx + c = 0 ... ... ... (i)  2a = c A^ev, (2a + c)2 = 2b2 (cÉgvwYZ)
2
b b  4ac cÉk
 ² 51 `†kÅK͸-1: z = 2 + 4i  i2
(i) bs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb, x = 2a
b  4ac ‰i mvnvGhÅ (i) bs mgxKiYwUi gƒGji cÉK‡wZ
2 `†kÅK͸-2: px2 + qx + r = 0
wbwøZfvGe Rvbv hvq| K. ‰KGKi RwUj Nbgƒj , 2 nGj
(i) b2  4ac > 0 I cƒYÆeMÆ nGj, gƒj«¼q evÕ¦e, gƒj` I Amgvb nGe| ( 1 + 3)7 + ( 1  3 )7 ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2
(ii) b2  4ac < 0 nGj, gƒj«¼q RwUj I Amgvb nGe|
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ z ‰i eMÆgƒGji gWzjvm meÆ`v 5 mwVK Kx bv
(iii) b2  4ac = 0 nGj, gƒj«¼q evÕ¦e I mgvb nGe|
(iv) b2  4ac > 0 ‰es cƒYÆeMÆ bv nGj, gƒj«¼q evÕ¦e, Agƒj` I hvPvB Ki| ˆhLvGb z nGœQ z ‰i Abye®¬x RwUj msLÅv| 4
Amgvb nGe| M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ DGÍÏwLZ mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q ,  nGj
L ax2 + bx + c = 0 ... ... ... (i)
 2 2
, gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
b  
(i) bs mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q ,  nGj,  +  =
a AaÅvq 3 I 4 ‰i mg®¼Gq [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 2]
ev, a + a =  b 51 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev, a + b =  a ... ... ... (ii)
Avevi, a + b =  a ... ... ... (iii)  1 + 3
K Avgiv Rvwb, ‰KGKi Kv͸wbK gƒj«¼q  =
 2
c
‰es  = a ............. (iv)  1  3
‰Lb, (a + b)3 + (a + b)3 = ( a)3 + ( a)3 ‰es 2 = 2
1 1 A^Ævr, 2 =  1 + 3 ‰es 22 =  1   3
= 3 3  3 3
a a
 ( 1 + 3)7 + ( 1  3)7
1 1 1 1 3 + 3
=  3  3 + 3 =  3  3 3  = (2)7 + (22)7 = 277 + 2714 = 128(7 + 14)
a    a   
1 ( + )3  3 ( + ) = 128( + 2) = 128  (1) =  128 (Ans.)
= 3  
a  ()3  L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, z = 2 + 4i  i2 = 2 + 4i  (1)

3
 b
   3 . .   c  b = 2 + 4i + 1 = 3 + 4i
1  a  a  a  z, z ‰i Abye®¬x RwUj msLÅv|
= 3  
a c 3
 a    z = 3  4i = 22 + i2  2.2.i = (2  i)2
 
3  z̄ ‰i eMÆgƒj =  (2  i) = 2  i,  2 + i
 b3 +
3bc
1 a a2  1 3 3
| z̄ | = 22 + ( 1)2 = 5 ‰es | z̄ |= ( 2)2 + 12 = 5
= = 3  b +3 3abc  a3
a3 c3 a  a  c
a3 
z ‰i eMÆgƒGji gWzjvm meÆ`v 5 (hvPvB Kiv nGjv)
3
=
b  3abc
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) M cÉ`î mgxKiY, px2 + qx + r = 0 ‰i gƒj«¼q ,  nGj,

a3c3 q r
M gGb
 Kwi, cx + bx + a = 0 ‰i ‰KwU gƒj 
2 +=
p
‰es  = p
ZvnGj kZÆvbyhvqx, ax2 + bx + c = 0 ‰i ‰KwU gƒj 2| 2 2
‰es  gƒjwewkÓ¡ mgxKiY,
myZivs  «¼viv cx2 + bx + a = 0 ‰es 2 «¼viv 
ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiY wm«¬ nGe, A^Ævr, 2 2 2 2  +  4
x2   + x +  = 0 ev, x2  2
c2 + b + a = 0 ... ... (i)       x +  = 0
4a2 + 2b + c = 0 ... ... (ii)
 qp
(i) I (ii) bs nGZ eRËàYb cÉwKÌqvq cvB, 4 2q p
2  1
ev, x2  2 r  x + r = 0 ev, x2 + r x + 4  r = 0
= =  
bc – 2ab 4a2 – c2 2bc – 4ab p p
bc – 2ab 2
  = 2 2 [1g I 2q AbycvZ nGZ]  rx + 2qx + 4p = 0 (Ans.)
4a – c
16 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cÉk
² 52 z =  + i, ˆhLvGb  I  evÕ¦e msLÅv| L cÉ`î mgxKiY x2 + bx + c = 0 ‰i gƒj«¼q , 

+=b
x3 – 8
K. x–2
eüc`xi NvZ wbYÆq Ki| 2 ‰es  = c
‰Lb, c(x2 + 1)  (b2  2c)x = 0
L. DóxcGK  = 2,  = 3 nGj, z gƒjwewkÓ¡ w«¼NvZ mgxKiY ev, cx2  (b2  2c)x + c = 0
wbYÆq Ki| 4 ev, x2  {( + )2  2}x +  = 0
M. DóxcGK  = 0 ‰es  I  ‰i mnM ciÕ·i mgvb nGj
5 15
ev, x2  (2 + 2 + 2  2)x +  = 0
10 ev, x2  (2 + 2)x +  = 0
 2z2 + R3 ‰i weÕ¦‡wZ ˆ^GK R ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
 z ev, x2  2x  2x +  = 0
[KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 3] ev, x(x  )  (x  ) = 0
52 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb ev, (x  ) (x  ) = 0
 
3
x –8 3
x –2 3
(x – 2)(x2 + 2x + 4) x= ‰es 
K x–2 = x–2 =
 x–2

 
 gƒj
`yBwU  ‰es  (Ans.)
= x2 + 2x + 4 ‰LvGb x ‰i mGeÆvœP NvZ 2 (Ans.)
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, z =  + i
 M x2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q , 

hLb,  = 2,  = 3 nq ZLb, z = 2 + i 3 +=b
 = c
z ˆKvb mgxKiGYi gƒj nGj, x = 2 + i 3 ev, x  2 = i 3 wbGYÆq mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼Gqi ˆhvMdj
ev, x2  4x + 4 =  3  x2  4x + 7 = 0 1 1 1 1
=+ +  + = ( + ) +  + 
BnvB wbGYÆq mgxKiY| (Ans.)    
+  b  bc  b
M  = 0 nGj, z = 
 =b+

=b+
c
=
c
10 10
1 1 1
ZvnGj,  2z + R3 =  22 + R3
2 ‰es gƒj«¼Gqi àYdj =  +   +  =  + 1 + 1 + 
 z  
1 c2 + 2c + 1 (c + 1)2
10
=c+2+ = =
R c c c
‰Lb,  22 + 3 ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ, (r + 1)Zg c` 1 1
     
r   I  +  gƒjwewkÓ¡ wbGYÆq mgxKiY,
 +
10
= Cr (2 ) 2 10 – r  R3 1
= 10Cr . 210 – r 20 – 2r. Rr.  bc  b (c + 1)2
  3r x2  x+ =0
c c
= 10Cr. 210 – r  20 – 2r – 3r. Rr = 10Cr. 210 – r 20 – 5r. Rr 2 2
 cx + b(c + 1)x + (c + 1) = 0 (Ans.)
5 ‰i mnGMi RbÅ 20 – 5r = 5 5r = 20 – 5
 5r = 15  r = 3 cÉk
² 54 z = −2 −2 3i ‰KwU RwUj ivwk|
 ‰i mnM = C3 2 . R = C3 2 . R
5 10 10 – 3 3 10 7 3
K. x + iy =
p + iq
nGj ˆ`LvI (x2 + y2)2 = r2 + s2
p2 + q2
2
r + is
Avevi, 15 ‰i mnGMi RbÅ, 20 – 5r = 15
 5r = 5  r = 1 L. Arg ( z) wbYÆq Ki| 4
 15 ‰i mnM = 10C1 210 – 1. R = 10C1. 29 R M. ˆKvGbv wòNvZ mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj z ‰es gƒjàwji àYdj
R3 80 nGj mgxKiYwU wbYÆq Ki| 4
10
C 29
cÉkg² GZ, 10C3 27 . R3 = 10C1 . 29. R  R = 10C1 . 27
3 AaÅvq-3 I 4 ‰i mg®¼Gq [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 2]
10 4 1
 R2 =
120
. 2 2  R2 =
12
 R2 =
3
54 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
p − iq
R=
1
(Ans.) K x + iy ‰i RwUj Abye®¬x x – iy  x − iy =
 r − is
3
p + iq p − iq
 (x + iy) (x − iy) = .
cÉk
² 53 x2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼q ,  r + is r − is
K. DóxcGKi mgxKiYwUi wbøvqK KZ? 2 ev, x2 − i2y2 =
(p + iq) (p − iq)
(r + is) (r − is)
L. c(x + 1) − (b − 2c) x = 0 ‰i gƒj `yBwU ,  ‰i gvaÅGg
2 2

p 2 − i 2q 2
cÉKvk Ki| 4 ev, x2 + y2 = r2 − i2s2
[‹ i2 = −1]
1 1
M. ‰i…c ‰KwU mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki hvi gƒj«¼q  +  I  +  4 p2 + q2
ev, x2 + y2 = r2 + s2
wkLbdj- 4 I 5 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 2] p + q2
2

53 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb  (x2 + y2)2 = 2 2 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)

r +s
K Avgiv Rvwb,
 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, z =  2  2 3i

ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiGYi wbøvqK b2  4ac.
= 12  2.1. 3i + ( 3i)2 = (1  3i)2
 x2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiGYi wbøvqK b2  4.1.c = b2  4c
 z =  (1  3i)
(Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 17
awi, z1 = 1  3i ‰es z2 =  1 + 3i ‰LvGb, ' ' ‰i wfZGii ivwk b2 – 4ac ‰i gvGbi Dci wfwî
y
y KGi gƒj«¼Gqi cÉK‡wZ cwiewZÆZ nq| ‰i gvb chÆvGjvPbv KGi
3
1 
x
gƒGji cÉK‡wZ wbwøZfvGe wbi…cY Kiv hvq| ‰ KviGY ‰GK
x 1

c†^vqK ejv nq|
3
ax2 + bx + c = 0 ‰i c†^vqK, b2 – 4ac
 arg z1 =    arg z2 =    D`vniY: x2 − x − 6 ivwkwUi c†^vqK = (−1)2 − 4.1(−6)
3 = 1 + 24 = 25
=   tan1 
3
=  tan1   1
 1 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (x) = x – 13x + 61x – 107x + 58
 4 3 2

  ‰es (x) = 0
=  (Ans.) =
3 3
 x4 – 13x3 + 61x2 – 107x + 58 = 0 ... ... (i)
2
=
3
(Ans.) mgxKiYwUi ‰KwU gƒj 5 + 2i nGj Aci ‰KwU gƒj nGe 5 – 2i.
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, ‰KwU gƒj z
 gGb Kwi, mgxKiYwUi AewkÓ¡ gƒj `yBwU , 
 gƒjàwji ˆhvMdj, 5 + 2i + 5 – 2i +  +  = 13
 Aci gƒjwU nGe z = − 2 + 2 3i ev,  +  + 10 = 13   +  = 3 ... ... (ii)
awi, Z‡Zxq gƒj = t Avevi, gƒjàwji àYdj, (5 + 2i) (5 – 2i)  = 58
cÉkg² GZ, z−zt = 80 ev, (25 – 4i2)  = 58 ev, {25 – 4(– 1)}  = 58
ev, (−2 − 2 3i) . (−2 + 2 3i) . t = 80 ev, 29 = 58   = 2 ... ... (iii)
ev, {(−2)2 − (2 3i)2} . t = 80 ev, (4 − 4.3i2) . t = 80 ‰Lb, ( – )2 = ( + )2 – 4 = 32 – 4.2 = 1
80
ev, (4 + 12) . t = 80  t = 16 = 5  –  =  1.
(+) wPn× eÅenvi KGi cvB,  –  = 1 ... ... (iv)
‰Lb, z + −z + t = −2 − 2 3i − 2 + 2 3i + 5 = 5 − 4 = 1 (ii) I (iv) ˆhvM KGi cvB, 2 = 4   = 2
z−
z +− zt + tz  ‰i gvb (ii) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB, 2 +  = 3   = 1
= (−2 − 2 3i) (−2 + 2 3i) + (−2 + 2 3i).5 + 5 (−2 − 2 3i) (–) wPn× eÅenvi KGiI ‰KB gƒj cvIqv hvq|
= (4 − 4.3i2) + 10 3i − 10 − 10 − 10 3i = 16 − 20 = − 4  wbGYÆq Aci gƒjàwj 5 – 2i, 2, 1(Ans.)
 wbGYÆq mgxKiYwU
x
x3 − (z + −
z + t) x2 + (z−
z+−
zt + tz) x − z−
zt = 0 M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, g(x) = 1 – 4x + 3x2

 x3 − x2 − 4x − 80 = 0 (Ans.) x x
= =
1 – 3x – x + 3x2 (1 – 3x)(1 – x)
x
cÉk
² 55 (x) = x4 – 13x3 + 61x2 – 107x + 58, g(x) = 1 – 4x + 3x2 1
3 1
K. D`vniYmn c†^vqGKi msæv `vI| B 2 =
1
+
(1  x) (1  3)
L. (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 5 + 2i nGj Aci gƒjàGjv (1  3x) 1 ( )
3
wbYÆq Ki| 4 [cover-up rule ‰i mvnvGhÅ]
M. g(x) ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ x ‰i mnM wbYÆq Ki|
r
4 1
–
1
2 2 1
[ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 3] = + = {(1 – 3x)– 1 – (1 – x)– 1}
1 – 3x 1 – x 2
55 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 1
= [{1 + 3x + (3x)2 + ... + (3x)r + ...} – {1+ x + x2 +... + xr + ...}]
K c†^vqK: ax + bx + c = 0 ‰KwU w«¼NvZ mgxKiY|
 2 2
– b  b2 – 4ac 1
‰i gƒj«¼q, = [1 + 3x + 9x2 + ... ... + 3r. xr + ... ... – 1 – x – x2 – ... ... – xr  ...]
2a 2
1
ˆhLvGb, a, b, c evÕ¦e msLÅv|  xr ‰i mnM = (3r – 1) (Ans.)
2
18 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cçg AaÅvq: w«¼c`x weÕ¦‡wZ

cÉk
² 6 z = 2x + 3y. Y ˆÕ•j: x I y AÞ eivei Þz`ËZg eGMÆi cÉwZ
K. (a + x)4 ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ x3 ‰i mnM 16 nGj, 2.5 evüi Š`NÆÅ mgvb 1 ‰KK
(ii)
a ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2
1
L. y =  x2 nGj DóxcK ˆ^GK z12 ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ x ewRÆZ (i) C
c`wUi gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4 B
M. x + 2y  8, x + y  6 ‰es x, y  0, kZÆvaxGb DóxcGKi
AvGjvGK z ‰i mGeÆvœP gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
AaÅvq 2 I 5 ‰i mg®¼Gq [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2019] A
X O X
6 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb Y (ii) (i)
K (a + x)4 = a4 + 4a3x + 6a2x2 + 4ax3 + x4

ˆjLwPGò ˆ`Lv hvq ˆh, mgxKiY (i) I (ii) ‰i mKj we±`y ‰es
 (a + x)4 ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ x3 ‰i mnM 4a. ‰G`i ˆh cvGk gƒj we±`y AewÕ©Z ˆmB cvGki mKj we±`yi
cÉkg² GZ, 4a = 16 RbÅ cÉ`î AmgZvàGjv mZÅ| ˆhLvGb O(0, 0) nGœQ gƒj we±`y|
ev, a = 4
16 wPòvbymvGi, A, B I C h^vKÌGg (ii) I (iv); (i) I (ii) ‰es (i)
I (iii) ‰i ˆQ` we±`y|
 a = 4 (Ans.) ZvnGj, mÁ¿veÅ mgvavb ‰jvKv nGœQ OABCO hv wPGò Qvqv
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, z = 2x + 3y
 ˆNiv ‰jvKv wnmvGe wPwn×Z Kiv AvGQ ‰es mÁ¿veÅ mgvavb
1 3 ‰jvKvi ˆKŒwYK ev cÉvw¯¦K we±`yàGjv h^vKÌGg-
y=
x2
nGj, z = 2x  x2 O(0, 0), A(6, 0), B(4, 2) ‰es C(0, 4)
3 12 ‰Lb O(0, 0) we±`yGZ z = 2  0 + 3  0 = 0
 z12 (
ev 2x  x2 ) ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ A(6, 0) we±`yGZ z = 2  6 + 3  0 = 12
B(4, 2) we±`yGZ z = 2  4 + 3  2 = 14
3 r
(r + 1)-Zg c` = 12Cr (2x)12  r  x2  C(0, 4) we±`yGZ z = 2  0 + 3  4 = 12
Õ·Ó¡Z: B(4, 2) we±`yGZ z ‰i mGeÆvœPgvb cvIqv hvq|
= 12Cr 212  r x12  r (3)r x2r
 mGeÆvœP gvb zmax = 14 (Ans.)
= 12Cr 212  r (3)r x12  3r

(2 x)
n
cÉkg² GZ, x 12  3r
= x0 cÉk
² 7 `†kÅK͸-1: A = x + 2
ev, 12  3r = 0
`†kÅK͸-2: B = (1  9x + 20x2)1
ev, 12 = 3r
K. 6x2  5x  1 = 0 mgxKiGYi gƒj«¼Gqi cÉK‡wZ wbYÆq Ki| 2
12
ev, r = 3 L. n ‰i RbÅ ˆKvb kZÆ AvGivc KiGj `†kÅK͸ A ‰i ‰KwU gaÅc`
 r=4 ^vKGe?
x ewRÆZ c`wUi gvb = 12Cr 212  r (3)r n = 21 nGj gaÅc` ev (c`mgƒGni) gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
= 12C4.2124 . (3)4 [ r = 4] M. `†kÅK͸ B ‰i RbÅ cÉgvY Ki ˆh, x ‰i mnM 5  4 | 4
9 10 10

= 495  256  81 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 3]

= 10264320 (Ans.) 7 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, AfxÓ¡ dvskb z = 2x + 3y ‰es mxgve«¬Zvi 
 K cÉ`î mgxKiY, 6x2  5x  1 = 0
kZÆmgƒn: x + 2y  8, x + y  6, x, y  0 mgxKiYwUi wbøvqK = ( 5)2  4  6  (1) = 25 + 24
cÉ`î AmgZvàGjvGK mgZv aGi cÉvµ¦ mgxKiYàGjvi ˆjLwPò = 49 = 72 hv ‰KwU cƒYÆeMÆ msLÅv|
Aâb Kwi ‰es mgvavGbi mÁ¿veÅ AbyK„j ‰jvKv wbYÆq Kwi|  gƒj«¼q gƒj` I Amgvb nGe| (Ans.)
AZ‰e Avgiv cvB, 2 x n
x y
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, A = x + 2
 ( )
x + 2y = 8  + = 1 º º (i)
8 4 n ˆRvo msLÅv nGj ‰KwU gaÅc` ^vKGe| (Ans.)
x y
x + y = 6  + = 1 º º (ii) n = 21 nGj gaÅc` ^vKGe `yBwU|
6 6 21  1
x = 0 º º º º º ºº º (iii) ‰àwj nj  2 + 1 Zg I (212+ 1 + 1) Zg c`«¼q
y = 0 º º º º º ºº º (iv) ev, 11 Zg ‰es 12 Zg c`«¼q
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 19
8 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
(2x) . (x2)
21  10 10
11 Zg c` ev (10 + 1) Zg c` = 21C10.
3 3 3
x –8 x –2 (x – 2)(x2 + 2x + 4)
21 211 x10 K x–2 = x–2 =
 x–2
= C10 . 11 . 10
x 2
= x2 + 2x + 4 ‰LvGb x ‰i mGeÆvœP NvZ 2 (Ans.)
2 705432
= 21C10 . = (Ans.) L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, z =  + i

x x
2 21  11 x 11 hLb,  = 2,  = 3 nq
12 Zg c` ev (11 + 1) Zg c` = 21C11 .
10
x
11
() ().
2 ZLb, z = 2 + i 3
2 x Avgiv Rvwb, ˆKvGbv evÕ¦e mnM wewkÓ¡ w«¼NvZ mgxKiGYi
= 21C11 10 . 11
x 2
x
RwUj gƒjàwj hyMGj ^vGK| ‰KwU gƒj 2 + i 3 nGj Aci
21
= C11
2 gƒjwU nGe 2 – i 3 ‰es mgxKiYwU nGe,
= 176358x (Ans.) x2 – (2 + i 3 + 2 – i 3) x + (2 + i 3)(2 – i 3) = 0
 x2 – 4x + (4 – i2 3) = 0
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, B = (1  9x + 20x2)1

 x2 – 4x + (4 + 3) = 0
1
=
20x2  9x + 1  x2 – 4x + 7 = 0, BnvB wbGYÆq mgxKiY (Ans.)

=
1 M  = 0 nGj, z = 

20x2  4x  5x + 1 10 10
R R
1 ZvnGj,  2z2 + z3 =  22 + 3
=
4x(5x  1) 1 (5x  1)
   
10
1 R
= ‰Lb,  22 + 3 ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ, (r + 1)Zg c`
(4x  1) (5x  1)  
r
awi,
1

A
+
B 10
= Cr (2 ) 2 10 – r  R3
(4x  1) (5x  1) 4x  1 5x  1  
(4x  1) (5x  1) «¼viv DfqcÞGK àY KGi cvB, 1
= 10Cr . 210 – r 20 – 2r. Rr.
3r
1  A(5x  1) + B(4x  1)
= 10Cr. 210 – r  20 – 2r – 3r. Rr
1 1 4
5 ( ) ( )
x = nGj, 1 = A 5   1 + B
5 5
1 = 10Cr. 210 – r 20 – 5r. Rr
5 ‰i mnGMi RbÅ 20 – 5r = 5
1
ev, 1 = A  0 + B( )  5r = 20 – 5  5r = 15
5
 r=3
 B=5
 ‰i mnM = 10C3 210 – 3. R3 = 10C3 27. R3
5
1 5 1
x = nGj, 1 = A
4 4 ( ) (
1 +B 4 1
4 ) Avevi, 15 ‰i mnGMi RbÅ, 20 – 5r = 15
 5r = 5
1
ev, 1 = A  4 + B  0 r=1
 A=4  15 ‰i mnM = 10C1 210 – 1. R = 10C1. 29 R
1 4 5 cÉkg² GZ, C3 27 . R3 = 10C1 . 29. R
10
 =  R3 C1 29 10
10
(4x  1) (5x  1) 4x  1 5x  1
 = .  R2 =
10 . 22
4 5 5 4 R C3 27 120
=  =  4 1
 (1  4x)  (1  5x) 1  5x 1  4x  R2 =  R2 =
= 5(1  5x)1  4(1  4x)1 12 3
1
= 5{1 + 5x + 25x2 + ... ... + 5r.xr + ... ...}  4{1 + 4x R= (Ans.)
+ 16x2 + ... ... + 4r.xr + ... ...} 3
 x ‰i mnM = 5  4
r r +1 r+1
3 11

r = 9 nGj, x‰i mnM = 5  4

9 9+1 9+1 cÉk
² 9 (x) = x2 + x ( ) ............... (i)
 x9 ‰i mnM = 510  410 (cÉgvwYZ) g(x) = (1 + px)m .......................... (ii)
K. (1 − 3x)−1 ‰i weÕ¦‡wZ wbYÆq Ki| 2
cÉk
² 8 z =  + i, ˆhLvGb  I  evÕ¦e msLÅv|
x3 – 8 L. (x) ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ (r + 1) Zg I (r + 2) Zg cG`i mnM
K. x – 2 eüc`xi NvZ wbYÆq Ki| 2 mgvb nGj r ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
L. DóxcGK  = 2,  = 3 nGj, z gƒjwewkÓ¡ w«¼NvZ mgxKiY M.
1
g(x) ‰ p = − 8 ‰es m = − nGj,
2
wbYÆq Ki| 4 r
(2r)!2
M. DóxcGK  = 0 ‰es 5 I 15 ‰i mnM ciÕ·i mgvb ˆ`LvI ˆh xr ‰i mnM (r!)2 . 4
10
nGj  2z + R3 ‰i
2
weÕ¦‡wZ ˆ^GK R ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
 z 
[KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 3] [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 3]
20 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
9 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb x
cÉk
² 10 (x) = x4 – 13x3 + 61x2 – 107x + 58, g(x) = 1 – 4x + 3x2.
( 1) ( 1  1)
K (1  3x)1 = 1 + (1) ( 3x) +
 2!
( 3x)2 K. D`vniYmn c†^vqGKi msæv `vI| 2
( 1) ( 1  1) ( 1  2) L. (x) = 0 mgxKiGYi ‰KwU gƒj 5 + 2i nGj Aci gƒjàGjv
+ ( 3x)3 + ... ...
3! wbYÆq Ki| 4
2 ( 1) ( 2) ( 3) M. g(x) ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ xr ‰i mnM wbYÆq Ki| 4
= 1 + 3x + (9x2) + ( 27x3) + ... ...
2 6 [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 3]
= 1 + 3x + 9x2 + 27x3 + ... ... ... (Ans.) 10 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
3 11
K c†^vqK: ax + bx + c = 0 ‰KwU w«¼NvZ mgxKiY| ‰i gƒj«¼q,
 2
L (x) =
 ( x2 +
x ) – b  b2 – 4ac

(3)
r 2a
(x) ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ (r + 1) Zg c` = 11Cr (x2)11  r x
ˆhLvGb, a, b, c evÕ¦e msLÅv|
3r ‰LvGb, ' ' ‰i wfZGii ivwk b2 – 4ac ‰i gvGbi Dci wfwî
= 11Cr x22  2r
xr
KGi gƒj«¼Gqi cÉK‡wZ cwiewZÆZ nq| ‰i gvb chÆvGjvPbv KGi
= 11Cr . 3r . x22  3r gƒGji cÉK‡wZ wbwøZ fvGe wbi…cY Kiv hvq| ‰ KviGY ‰GK
3 r+1 c†^vqK ejv nq|
‰es (r + 2) Zg c` = 11
()
Cr + 1 (x2)11  r  1
x
ax2 + bx + c = 0 ‰i c†^vqK, b2 – 4ac
r+1
3
= 11Cr + 1 x22  2r  2
xr + 1
D`vniY: x2 − x − 6 ivwkwUi c†^vqK (−1)2 − 4.1(−6)
= 1 + 24 = 25
= 11Cr + 1 . 3r + 1 . x22  3r  3
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (x) = x – 13x + 61x2 – 107x + 58
 4 3
ˆhGnZz (r + 1) Zg c` I (r + 2) Zg cG`i mnM mgvb|
11
‰es (x) = 0
 Cr . 3r = 11Cr + 1 . 3r + 1  x4 – 13x3 + 61x2 – 107x + 58 = 0 ... ... (i)
11! 11! mgxKiYwUi ‰KwU gƒj 5 + 2i nGj Aci ‰KwU gƒj nGe 5 – 2i.
ev, r! (11  r)!
.3r =
(r + 1)! (11  r  1)!
. 3r + 1
gGb Kwi, mgxKiYwUi AewkÓ¡ gƒj `yBwU , 
1 3
ev, =  gƒjàwji ˆhvMdj, 5 + 2i + 5 – 2i +  +  = 13
r! (11  r) (11  r  1)! (r + 1) r! (11  r  1)!
1 3
ev,  +  + 10 = 13
ev, =
11  r r + 1
  +  = 3 ... ... (ii)
Avevi, gƒjàwji àYdj, (5 + 2i) (5 – 2i)  = 58
ev, r + 1 = 33  3r ev, (25 – 4i2)  = 58 ev, {25 – 4(– 1)}  = 58
ev, r + 3r = 33  1 ev, 29 = 58
ev, 4r = 32   = 2 ... ... (iii)
 r = 8 (Ans.) ‰Lb, ( – )2 = ( + )2 – 4 = 32 – 4.2 = 1
 –  =  1.
M g(x) = (1 + px)m
 (+) wPn× eÅenvi KGi cvB,  –  = 1 ... ... (iv)
1
p=8
1
‰es m = 2 nGj g(x) = (1  8x)

2 (ii) I (iv) ˆhvM KGi cvB,
2 = 4   = 2
‰Lb, g(x) ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ (r + 1) Zg c`  ‰i gvb (ii) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB,
2+=3=1
( 12) ( 12  1) ... ... ( 12  r + 1) ( 8x) r
(–) wPn× eÅenvi KGiI ‰KB gƒj cvIqv hvq|
r!  wbGYÆq Aci gƒjàwj 5 – 2i, 2, 1(Ans.)
1 1 1

=
( 1)r
2 ( ) ... ... (
2
+1 r1+
2 ) ( 1) .8 .xr r r
x
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, g(x) = 1 – 4x + 3x2 = 1 – 3x – x + 3x2

x

r! 1 1
2r
( 1) 1.3.5 ... (2r  1) 3r r x 3–1 1–3
= .2 . x = = + [cover-up rule ‰i mvnvGhÅ]
2r . r! (1 – 3x)(1 – x) 1 – 3x 1 – x
1 1
{1.3.5 ....... (2r  1)} {2.4.6 ......2r} 2r r –
= 2 .x 2 2 1
r! {2.4.6 ...... 2r} = + = {(1 – 3x)– 1 – (1 – x)– 1}
1 – 3x 1 – x 2
1.2.3.4 ....... 2r
= .22r . xr 1
r! 2r (1.2.3.........r) = [{1 + 3x + (3x)2 + ... + (3x)r + ...}
2
(2r)! r r (2r)! 2r r – {1+ x + x2 + ... + xr + ...}]
= .2 . x = x
r! r! (r!)2 1
(2r)! . 2r = [1 + 3x + 9x2 + ... + 3r. xr + ... – 1 – x – x2 – ... – xr  ...]
2
 g(x) ‰i weÕ¦‡wZGZ xr ‰i mnM
(r!)2
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
1
 xr ‰i mnM = (3r – 1) (Ans.)
2
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 21

lÓ¤ AaÅvq: KwYK

5
² 47 `†kÅK͸-1: x = ay2 + by + c
cÉk
 ev, a2 1 + a  = 36 ev, a2 + 5a  36 = 0
 
`†kÅK͸-2: Awae†Gîi DcGK±`Ê S( 6, 0) ‰es S(6, 0).
x2 y2
ev, a + 9a  4a  36 = 0 ev, a (a + 9)  4 (a + 9) = 0
2

K. p + 25 = 1 Dce†îwU (6, 4) we±`yMvgx nGj Dce†Gîi e†nr  (a + 9) (a  4) = 0

wK¯§ a   9, KviY ae = 6 ‰es Awae†Gîi e > 1
AGÞi Š`NÆÅ ˆei Ki| 2
 a = 4  a2 = 16 ‰es b2 = 5.4 = 20
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cive†Gîi kxlÆ (1, 2) ‰es cive†îwU x2 y2
a2 I b2 ‰i gvb (i) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB,  =1
(3,  2) we±`yMvgx nGj a, b, c ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4 16 20
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK Awae†Gîi DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ ev, 5x2  4y2 = 80  5x2  4y2  80 = 0 (Ans.)
10 ‰KK nGj Awae†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 ² 48 DóxcK-1: y = ax2 + bx + c KwYKwU (8, 7) we±`yMvgx
cÉk

wkLbdj- 7, 13 I 23 [XvKv ˆevWÆ - 2021  cÉ
k ² bs 6]
‰es Dnvi kxlÆwe±`y (4, 5)
47 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb DóxcK-2: (x, y) = 4x2  9y2  8x  36y  68
x2 y2
K p + 25 = 1 Dce†îwU (6, 4) we±`yMvgx nIqvq,
 K. ‰KwU Dce†Gîi DcGKw±`ÊK jÁ¼ Dnvi e†nr AGÞi
62 42 36 16 36 9 ‰K-Z‡Zxqvsk| Dnvi DrGKw±`ÊKZv wbYÆq Ki| 2
+ = 1 ev, =1 ev, p = 25
p 25 p 25 L. DóxcK-1 ‰i a, b, c ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
25
ev, p = 9  36  p = 100 = 102 = a2 M. DóxcK-2 ‰i mvnvGhÅ (x, y) = 0 KwYKwUi wbqvgKGiLvi
‰es b2 = 25 = 52  a > b mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
 e†n`vGÞi Š`NÆÅ = 2a = 2.10 = 20 ‰KK (Ans.) wkLbdj- 7, 15 I 25 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 6]
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cive†Gîi mgxKiY, x = ay2 + by + c ‰es ‰i
 48 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
kxlÆ (1, 2) K awi, Dce†îwUi e†nr AÞ I Þz`Ë AGÞi Š`NÆÅ h^vKÌGg a I b

ˆhGnZz cÉ`î mgxKiYwU y ‰i w«¼NvZ ˆmGnZz cive†îwUi cÉkg² GZ, DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ, a = 3
2b2 a
AÞGiLv x AGÞi mgv¯¦ivj|
‰Lb, awi, cive†îwUi mgxKiY, b2 1
2
ev, a2 = 6
(y  ) = 4a (x  ) ... ... ... (i)
cive†îwUi kxlÆ (1, 2) we±`yGZ nIqvq (i) nGZ cvB, b2
(y  2)2 = 4a (x  1) ... ... ... (ii)
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1
a2
Avevi cive†îwU (3, 2) we±`yMvgx nIqvq (ii) nGZ cvB, 1 5
= 1 = (Ans.)
(2 2)2 = 4.a. (3  1) ev, 16 = 8a  a = 2 6 6
a ‰i gvb (ii) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB, (y  2)2 = 4.2. (x  1) L cÉ`î KwYK, y = ax2 + bx + c ... ... .. (i)

ev, y2  4y + 4 = 8x  8 ev, 8x = y2  4y + 4 + 8 awi, KwYKwUi mgxKiY, (x  )2 = 4a1(y  ) ˆhLvGb
ev, 8x = y2  4y + 12
1 1 3 kxlÆwe±`yi Õ©vbvâ (, )
 x = y2  y + ... ... ... (iii)
8 2 2 kxlÆwe±`y (4, 5) nGj, (x  4)2 = 4a1(y  5) ..... (ii)
(iii) bs mgxKiYGK x = ay2 + by + c ‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB, mgxKiY (ii) (8, 7) we±`yMvgx nGj,
1 1 3
a = , b =  ‰es c = (Ans.) (8  4)2 = 4a1(7  5) ev, 16 = 4a1  2  a1 = 2
8 2 2
a1 ‰i gvb (ii) bs mgxKiGY ewmGq cvB,
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Awae†Gîi DcGK±`Ê«¼q S( 6, 0) ‰es S (6, 0)

6+6 0+0 (x  4)2 = 4  2(y  5)
 Dce†Gîi ˆK±`Ê  2  2   (0, 0) ev, x2  8x + 16 = 8y  40
x2 y2 ev, 8y = x2  8x + 56
gGb Kwi, Awae†Gîi mgxKiY:  = 1 ..... (i)
a2 b2
1
DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi ˆKvwU 0 nIqvq Dce†îwUi e†nr AÞ x-AÞ ‰es ev, y = 8x2  x + 7 ... ... (iii)
ˆK±`Ê ˆ^GK ˆhGKvb DcGKG±`Êi `ƒiZ½ (i) I (iii) bs mgxKiY Zzjbv KGi cvB,
ae = 6 ... ... (ii)
2b2 1
‰es DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ, a = 10 a = , b =  1 ‰es c = 7 (Ans.)
8
ev, 2b2 = 10a  b2 = 5a M DóxcK-2 AbymvGi, (x, y) = 0

‰Lb, (ii) bs nGZ cvB, a e = 62
2 2  4x2  9y2  8x  36y  68 = 0
b 2
5a ev, 4(x2  2x + 1)  9(y2 + 4y + 4)  4 + 36  68 = 0
ev, a2 1 + a2  = 62 ev, a2 1 + a2  = 36; [gvb ewmGq]
    ev, 4(x  1)2  9(y + 2)2 = 36
22 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

ev,
(x  1)2 (y + 2)2
 =1
ev, x  3 =  2
9 4  x=2+3
ev,
2
(x  1) (y + 2)

2
=1
(+) wbGq, x = 2 + 3  x = 5 (Ans.)
32 22 () wbGq, x =  2 + 3  x = 1 (Ans.)
‰wU ‰KwU Awae†Gîi mgxKiY ‰es M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Awae†Gîi DcGK±`Ê«¼q (8, 3) I (16, 3) ‰es

(x  )2 (y  )2 DrGKw±`ÊKZv 4| DcGK±`Ê `yBwUi ˆKvwU mgvb eGj Awae†îwUi
a2

b2
=1 ‰i mvG^ wgwjGq cvB,
Avo AÞ x AGÞi mgv¯¦ivj|
a = 3, b = 2,  = 1,  = 2 ‰es a > b.  DcGK±`Ê `yBwUi `ƒiZ½, 2ae = |8  16| = 8
b2 4 13 ev, 2a  4 = 8 [ DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 4]
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1+
a2
=
1+ =
9 3 a=1
3 b2 a2 + b2
 wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY: x  1 =  Avevi, e = 1 + 2 ev, e2 =
13 a a2
3 ev, a + b = e a  b = a (e2  1) = 1 (42  1) = 15
2 2 2 2 2 2

9 9 8 + 16 3 + 3
ev, x  1 =  ev, x =  + 1 (Ans.) ‰Lb, Awae†Gîi ˆK±`Ê =  2  2  = (12, 3)
13 13  
 (12, 3) ˆK±`ÊwewkÓ¡ wbGYÆq Awae†Gîi mgxKiY
² 49 `†kÅK͸-1: 5x2 + 9y2  30x = 0.
cÉk ( x  12)2 (y  3)2
`†kÅK͸-2: ‰KwU Awae†Gîi DcGK±`Ê«¼q (8, 3) I (16, 3) ‰es  =1
1 15
DrGKw±`ÊKZv 4 2
y  6y + 9
ev, x2  24x + 144  =1
K. ( 3 sec, 2 tan) civwgwZK Õ©vbvâwewkÓ¡ Awae†Gîi 15
mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 2 ev, 15x  360x + 2160  y + 6y  9 = 15
2 2

 15x2  y2  360x + 6y + 2136 = 0 (Ans.)

L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK ˆ`LvI ˆh, mgxKiYwU ‰KwU
Dce†î wbG`Æk KGi, ‰i DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i mgxKiY wbYÆq ² 50 `†kÅK͸-1:
cÉk Y

Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK Awae†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 X X
A S(2, 0) O S(2, 0) A
wkLbdj- 10, 22 I 23 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 6]
49 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
Y
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Awae†Gîi civwgwZK

Õ©vbvâ ( 3sec, 2tan) `†kÅK͸-2: ‰KwU Awae†Gîi DcGKG±`Êi Õ©vbvâ ( 2, 3) ‰es
x Bnvi DrGKw±`ÊKZv 3.
awi, x = 3 sec ev, sec =
3 K. y2  2x2 = 2 Awae†Gîi DrGKw±`ÊKZv wbYÆq Ki| 2
y
‰es y = 2tan ev, tan = 2 L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ AA = 8 nGj Dce†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
‰Lb, sec2  tan2 = 1 M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i mvnvGhÅ Awae†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
wkLbdj- 10, 23 I 24 [KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 6]
x 2 y 2 x2 y2
ev,    2  = 1 ev, 3  4 = 1 50 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
 3  
 4x2  3y2  12 = 0 (Ans.) y2 x2
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, y2  2x2 = 2 ev, 2  1 = 1

L cÉ`î mgxKiY, 5x2 + 9y2  30x = 0
 y2 x2
cÉ`î mgxKiGY x2 I y2 mÁ¼wjZ c` we`Ågvb| x2 ‰i mnM cÉ`î mgxKiYGK b2  a2 = 1 ‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB,
5 I y2 ‰i mnM 9 Amgvb I Awf®² wPn×hyÚ| myZivs cÉ`î b2 = 2 ‰es a2 = 1
mgxKiYwU ‰KwU Dce†î wbG`Æk KGi| a2 1 3
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1+ = 1+ = (Ans.)
‰Lb, 5x2 + 9y2  30x = 0 ev, 5 (x2  6x) + 9y2 = 0 b2 2 2
ev, 5 (x2  6x + 9) + 9y2 = 45 ev, 5 (x  3)2 + 9y2 = 45 L
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Dce†Gîi DcGK±`Ê«¼q (2, 0) ‰es (2, 0)
(x  3)2 y2 (x  3)2 y2 x2 y2
ev, 9 + 5 = 1  32 + 2 = 1; BnvGK Dce†Gîi gGb Kwi, Dce†Gîi mgxKiY, a2 + b2 = 1 ... ... (i)
( 5)
(x  )2 (y  )2
mvaviY mgxKiY a2 + b2 = 1 ‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi ‰Lb, AA = e†n`vGÞi Š`NÆÅ = 2a
cÉk²gGZ, 2a = 8  a = 4  a2 = 16
cvB, a = 3, b = 5,  = 3,  = 0 Avevi, ae = 2 ev, a2e2 = 4
‰LvGb, a > b b2
b2 5 4 2
ev, a2 . 1  a2  = 4 ev, a2  b2 = 4
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1 2= 1 = =  
a 9 9 3 ev, b2 = a2  4 = 16  4 = 12  b2 = 12
 DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i mgxKiY, x   =  ae x2 y2
2 a2 I b2 ‰i gvb (i) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB, + =1
ev, x  3 =  3. 3 16 12
 3x2 + 4y2 = 48 (Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 23
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Awae†Gîi DcGKG±`Êi Õ©vbvâ ( 2, 3)
 M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cive†Gîi kxlÆwe±`y, A  (1, 1)

 Awae†Gîi ˆK±`Ê C
2  2 3 + 3 ‰es DcGK±`Ê, S  (2, 3)
 2  2   (0, 3) awi, ‰i wbqvgK ˆiLv I AGÞi ˆQ`we±`y Z(x1, y1)
gGb Kwi, Awae†Gîi mgxKiY: x1 + 2 y 3
(x  0)2 (y  3)2

2
=1 ‰es 1 2 = 1
 = 1 ... ... ... (i)
a2 b2  x1 =  2  2  y1 = 2 + 3
DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi `ƒiZ½, SS = 2ae  x1 =  4  y1 = 5
=(2 + 2)2 + (3  3)2  Z we±`yi Õ©vbvâ ( 4, 5)
3 1  4 4
ev, 2.a. 3 = 4 [ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, DrGKw±`ÊKZv 3] ‰Lb, AÞGiLvi Xvj = 2  (1) = 2 + 1 = 3
4 2 4
ev, a = a=  a2 = 3
2 3 3 3  wbqvgKGiLvi Xvj =
4
b2 b2
Avevi, e2 = 1 + a2 ev, 3 = 1 + 4 3
 wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY: y  5 = (x + 4)
4
3  4y  20 = 3x + 12  3x  4y + 32 = 0
3 2.4 8 awi, cive†Gîi Dci P (x, y) ˆhGKvb ‰KwU we±`y| cive†Gîi
ev, 3  1 = b2. 4 ev, 3 = b2 b2 = 3
msævbyhvqx,
a2 I b2 ‰i gvb (i) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB, 3x  4y + 32 
(x  0)2 (y  3)2 3x2 3(y  3)2 (x  2)2 + (y + 3)2 = 
 = 1 ev,  =1  (3)2 + (4)2
4 8 4 8 2 2
3 3  x  4x + 4 + y + 6y + 9
9x2 + 16y2 + 1024  24xy  256y + 192x
 6x2  3(y  3)2 = 8 (Ans.) =
25
² 51 `†kÅK͸-1: 5x2  20x  y + 19 = 0 ‰KwU cive†î|
cÉk
  25x2  100x + 100 + 25y2 + 150y + 225
= 9x2 + 16y2 + 1024  24xy  256y + 192x
`†kÅK͸-2: M 2 2
 16x + 9y  292x + 406y + 24xy  699 = 0 (Ans.)

² 52 `†kÅK͸-1: 25x2 + ky2  25k = 0.

cÉk

Z `†kÅK͸-2: x + 2y = 1.
A (1, 1) S (2, 3)
K. 25x2 + 16y2 = 400 Dce†Gîi DrGKw±`ÊKZv I DcGKw±`ÊK
jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ wbYÆq Ki| 2
K. 3x2 + 5y2 = 1 ‰i DrGKw±`ÊKZv wbYÆq Ki| 2 L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i Dce†îwU (6, 4) we±`yMvgx nGj k-‰i gvb
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i cive†îwUi kxlÆwe±`y, ˆdvKvm, DcGKw±`ÊK wbYÆq Ki| Avevi Dce†Gîi DrGKw±`ÊKZv I DcGKG±`Êi
jÁ¼ I wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY ˆei Ki| 4 Õ©vbvâ ˆei Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK cive†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i mgxKiYwUGK wbqvgK aGi (1, 1) DcGK±`Ê
wkLbdj- 7, 8, 9 I 15 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 5] I 3 DrGKw±`ÊKZv wewkÓ¡ Awae†Gîi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
wkLbdj- 15, 16 I 23 [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 6]
51 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
52 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
K m†Rbkxj 89(K) bs cÉGk²i mgvavb `ËÓ¡eÅ|
 x2 y2
L 5x2  20x  y + 19 = 0  5 (x2  4x + 4) = y + 1
 K 25x2 + 16y2 = 400  16 + 25 = 1

1 x2 y2
 (x  2)2 = 4.
20
(y + 1) ‰GK a2 + b2 = 1 mgxKiGYi mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB,
‰GK cive†Gîi mvaviY mgxKiY (x  )2 = 4a (y  ) a2 = 16 ‰es b2 = 25
1  a = 4, b = 5
‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB, a = 20,  = 2,  =  1
ˆhGnZz, a < b
 kxlÆwe±`yi Õ©vbvâ (, )  (2,  1) (Ans.) a2 16 3
1 19
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = b2
= 11 = (Ans.)
25 5
ˆdvKvm (,  + a)  2  1 +   2   (Ans.)
 20   20  16 32
DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ = 2. 5 = 5 (Ans.)
DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i mgxKiY, y   = a
1 1 L
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 25x2 + ky2  25k = 0
 y  ( 1) = y+1= ev, 25x2 + ky2 = 25 k
20 20
 20y + 20 = 1  20y + 19 = 0 (Ans.) 25x2 ky2
ev, 25k + 25k = 1
‰es wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY, y   + a = 0
1 x2 y2
 y  (1) + =0  + = 1 ... ... (i)
20 k 52

y+1+
1
=0
(i) bs Dce†îwU (6, 4) we±`y w`Gq AwZKÌg KGi|
20 (6)2 (4)2 36 16
 20y + 21 = 0 (Ans.) myZivs, k + 52 = 1 ev, k + 25 = 1
24 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
36 16 36  25 (x  )2 (y  )2
ev, k = 1 – 25 ev, k = 9
‰wUGK a2
+
b2
= 1 (hLb a < b) ‰i mvG^ wgwjGq
 k = 100 (Ans.) 1
x2 y2
cvB, a = 3, b = 2,  = 2,  = 2
mgxKiYwU `uvovq, 102 + 52 = 1
a2 3 1
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1 2= 1 =
‰LvGb a = 10 ‰es b = 5  a > b b 4 2
b2 25 1 1
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1 = 1  DcGK±`Ê (,  be + ) =    2. + 2
a2 100 2 2 
3 3 1 1 1
= = (Ans.) =    1 + 2    3,   1 (Ans.)
4 2 2  2  2 
 DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi Õ©vbvâ, ( ae, 0) 2a2 2  3
DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ, b = 2 = 3 (Ans.)
3 
  10  0  ( 5 3 0) (Ans.) b
 2  ‰es w`KvGÞi mgxKiY y   =  e
M gGb Kwi, P(x, y) Awae†Gîi Ici ˆhGKvGbv we±`y|

ev, y =  4 + 2
 DcGK±`Ê (1, 1) nGZ P(x, y) we±`yi `ƒiZ½
 y  6 = 0 ‰es y + 2 = 0 (Ans.)
= (x  1)2 + (y  1)2 x2 y2
| x + 2y  1 | M
 awi, Dce†îwUi mgxKiY a2 + b2 = 1, hLb a > b
wbqvgK nGZ P we±`yi jÁ¼ `ƒiZ½ =
12 + 22 1
x + 2y  1 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 2
=
5 2b2
‰es DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ a = 6  b2 = 3a
Awae†Gîi msæv nGZ Avgiv cvB,
| x + 2y  1 | b2
(x  1)2 + (y  1)2 = 3 . Avgiv Rvwb, e = 1  a2
5
b2 b2 1 3
2 2
 (x  1) + (y  1) = 3  x + 2y  12 ev, e2 = 1  a2 ev, a2 = 1  e2 = 1  4 = 4
 5  3a 3 1 1
 5{(x  1)2 + (y 1)2} = 3(x + 2y  1)2 ev, a2 = 4 [‹ b2 = 3a] ev, a = 4  a = 4
 5(x2  2x + 1 + y2  2y + 1) = 3(x2 + 4y2  b2 = 3a = 3  4 = 12  b = 2 3
+ 1 + 4xy  4y  2x) x2 y2
 2x2  7y2  12xy  4x + 2y + 7 = 0;  wbGYÆq Dce†î, 2 + = 1
4 12
‰wUB wbGYÆq Awae†Gîi mgxKiY| (Ans.) x2 y2
A^Ævr, 16 + 12 = 1; a > b
² 53 `†kÅK͸-1: 8x2  8x + 6y2  24y + 2 = 0 ‰KwU
cÉk

 e†nr AGÞi Š`NÆÅ, 2a = 2  4 = 8 ‰KK (Ans.)
Dce†Gîi mgxKiY|
1
`†kÅK͸-2: ‰KwU Dce†Gîi DrGKw±`ÊKZv 2 ‰es DcGKw±`ÊK cÉk
 ² 54
`†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2:
jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ 6| Y Y  w`KvÞ P
K. x2 =  16y cive†Gîi wbqvgGKi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 2 B(0, 5) M

L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i Zî½ Abyhvqx Dce†îwUi DcGK±`Ê, DcGKw±`ÊK

X
jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ ‰es w`KvGÞi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 O Z A SDcGK±`Ê
X
X A(3, 0)
O A(3, 0) X
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i Zî½ Abyhvqx Dce†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆqcƒeÆK
e†nr AGÞi Š`NÆÅ wbYÆq Ki| 4 B(0, 5) Y M
OZ = 3
OA = 4
wkLbdj- 9, 13 I 16 [hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 5] Y
53 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb K. x2 =  22(y  17) cive†Gîi kxlÆwe±`yi Õ©vbvâ wbYÆq Ki| 2
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, x2 =  16y
 L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ ewYÆZ Dce†Gîi DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi Õ©vbvâ wbYÆq
ev, x2 = 4.(4).y Ki| 4
‰wUGK x = 4ay ‰i mvG^ wgwjGq cvB, a =  4
2
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ ewYÆZ KwYKwUi Av`kÆ mgxKiY wbYÆGqi
 wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY, y  4 = 0 (Ans.) gvaÅGg DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ wbYÆq Ki| 4
L cÉ`î Dce†î, 8x2  8x + 6y2  24y + 2 = 0
 wkLbdj- 7, 8, 9 I 16 [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 5]
ev, 8(x2  x) + 6(y2  4y) + 2 = 0 54 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
1 1 22
ev, 8x2  2.x.2 + 4  + 6(y2  4y + 4) + 2 = 2 + 24 K x2 =  22(y  17) = 4. 4  (y  17)

   
1 2 11
ev, 8x  2  + 6(y  2)2 = 24 = 4.  (y  17)
   2 
1 2
x  2   x 
1 2
  kxlÆ we±`yi RbÅ, x = 0 y  17 = 0
  (y  2)2  2  (y  2)2  y = 17
ev, 3
+
4
=1  +
22
=1
 kxlÆ we±`yi Õ©vbvâ (0, 17) (Ans.)
( 3)2
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 25
L wPòvbyhvqx Dce†Gîi ˆK±`Ê gƒjwe±`yGZ, e†n`vÞ I Þz`ËvÞ
 55 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
h^vKÌGg y AÞ I x-AÞ eivei| K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Dce†îwUi mgxKiY,

 e†n`vGÞi Š`NÆÅ, BB = 2b 3x2 + 5y2 = 1
2 2
= (0  0) + (5 + 5) = 10 x2 y2
b=5
ev, 1 + 1 = 1
Þz`ËvGÞi Š`NÆÅ, AA = 2a = (3 + 3)2 + 02 = 6 3 5
a=3 x2 y2
 2+ 2 =1
x2 y2 1 1
 Dce†Gîi mgxKiY, 2 + 2 = 1
3 5  3  5
a2 32 1 1
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1 2 = 1 2 ‰LvGb, a = ‰es b= a>b
b 5 3 5
9
= 1  DrGKw±`ÊKZv,
25
2
16 4  1  1
= =  
25 5  5 5
e= 1– = 1–
 DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi Õ©vbvâ (0,  be) 2 1
 1
4   3
 0  5.   (0,  4) (Ans.)  3
 5
3 5–3 2
M wPòwU ‰KwU cive†Gîi hvi AÞGiLv x-AÞ eivei|
 = 1– =
5 5
=
5
(Ans.)
 DcGK±`Ê, kxlÆwe±`y DfGqB x AGÞi Dci AeÕ©vb KiGQ|
wPGò, OZ = 3 ‰es OA = 4 L awi cive†Gîi kxlÆwe±`y
 P(x, y) M

 AÞGiLv w`KvÞGK ˆh we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGi H we±`yi Õ©vbvâ, A( 2, 2) ‰es DcGK±`Ê
Z(3, 0) ‰es kxlÆwe±`yi Õ©vbvâ, A(4, 0). S( 6,  6)|
gGb Kwi, cive†Gîi DcGK±`Ê, S(x, 0) gGb Kwi, cive†Gîi S(6, 6) Z(x1, y1)
A(2, 2)

x+3
=4 wbqvgKGiLv I AGÞi
2
ˆQ`we±`y (x1, y1)
ev, x + 3 = 8  x = 5 x1  6
 DcGKG±`Êi Õ©vbvâ (5, 0)  =  2 ev, x1 =  4 + 6 = 2
2
gGb Kwi, (4, 0) kxlÆwe±`y mÁ¼wjZ ‰es AÞ x-AÞ eivei y 6
AewÕ©Z ‰gb cive†Gîi mgxKiY, ‰es 1 = 2 ev, y1 = 4 + 6 = 10
2
2
y = 4a(x  4) ... ... (i)  ˆQ`we±`yi Õ©vbvâ (2, 10)
(i) bs mgxKiYGK Y2 = 4aX ‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB, Y = y
y2 x+2
‰es X = x  4 ‰Lb, AÞGiLvi mgxKiY, 2 + 6 =  2 + 6
DcGKG±`Êi RbÅ, X = a ev, x  4 = a y2 x+2
ev, 5  4 = a  a = 1 ev, 8 = 4 ev, y  2 = 2x + 4
 cive†îwUi mgxKiY, y2 = 4.1.(x  4) ev, y = 2x + 6  2x  y + 6 = 0
 DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ = | 4a | = | 4.1 | = 4 (Ans.) cive†îwUi wbqvgK ˆiLv nGe AÞGiLvi mvG^ jÁ¼|
cÉk
² 55 gGb Kwi, AÞGiLvi mvG^ jÁ¼GiLvi mgxKiY Z^v wbqvgGKi
`†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2: mgxKiY, x + 2y + k = 0 ... .... (i)
M
(i) bs ˆiLvwU Z(2, 10) we±`yMvgx|
x  2y + 2 = 0

Z ZvnGj, 2 + 20 + k = 0  k =  22
S(2, 1) k ‰i gvb ewmGq wbqvgKGiLvi mgxKiY,
S( 6,  6) A( 2, 2)
x + 2y  22 = 0
M awi, cive†Gîi Dci ˆh ˆKvb we±`y P(x, y)|
cive†Gîi msævbymvGi, SP = PM
K. 3x2 + 5y2 = 1 Dce†îwUi DrGKw±`ÊKZv wbYÆq Ki| 2 x + 2y  22
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ S DcGK±`Ê ‰es A kxlÆwe±`y nGj, cive†îwUi ev, (x + 6)2 + (y + 6)2 =
1+4
mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 (x + 2y  22)2
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ Dce†Gîi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki hvi ev, x2 + 12x + 36 + y2 + 12y + 36 =
5
1
DrGKw±`ÊKZv , S DcGK±`Ê ‰es MZM wbqvgK| 4 ev, 5x2 + 60x + 180 + 5y2 + 60y + 180
2
= x2 + 4y2 + 484 + 4xy  88y  44x
wkLbdj- 10, 11 I 15 [XvKv ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 5]
 4x2 + y2 + 104x + 148y  4xy  124 = 0
26 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
M gGb Kwi, Dce†Gîi DcGK±`Ê (2,  1) wbqvgKGiLv MZM
 3
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 4 ‰es ‰KwU DcGK±`Ê

‰es Dce†Gîi Dci P(x, y) ˆhGKvGbv we±`y|
a
P(x,y) I wbqvgGKi gaÅeZxÆ `ƒiZ½, e – ae = 14
M
4a 3a 16a – 9a
ev, 3 – 4 = 14 ev, 12
= 14  a = 24
Z
S(2, 1) b2 9 b2
Avevi, e2 = 1 – a2 ev, 16 = 1 – 576
b2 9 7
M ev, 576 = 1 – 16 = 16
Dce†Gîi msævbymvGi, SP = e.PM
 b2 = 252
ev, SP2 = e2 . PM2 2b2 2×252
1 x  2y + 2 2 DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ = a = 24 = 21 ˆm.wg. (Ans.)
ev, (x  2)2 + (y + 1)2 = 2 . 
 1+4 
ev, 10{x2  4x + 4 + y2 + 2y + 1} = x2 + 4y2 + 4 cÉk
² 57 M P(x, y)
 4xy  8y + 4x
ev, 10x2  40x + 10y2 + 20y + 50 = x2 + 4y2  4xy + 4x  8y + 4 Z
ev, 9x2 + 6y2 + 4xy  44x + 28y + 46 = 0 (Ans.)
A(2,1) S(0, 0)
cÉk
² 56 `†kÅK͸-1: M

K. 9x2  4y2 + 36 = 0 Awae†Gîi DrGKw±`ÊKZv wbYÆq Ki| 2

A S(2, 3)
(5, 3) L. KwbKwU cive†î nGj MZM ‰i mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
M. SP : PM = 1 : 3 ‰es MZM ‰i mgxKiY
x + y  2 = 0 nGj, KwbKwU wPwn×Z KGi ‰i mgxKiY wbYÆq
`†kÅK͸-2: Dce†Gîi ‰KwU DcGK±`Ê I Zvi wbKUZg wbqvgGKi
`ƒiZ½ 14 ˆm.wg.| Ki| 4
wkLbdj- 10, 16 I 24 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 5]
K. 16y2  9x2 = 144 Awae†Gîi AmxgZU ˆiLvi mgxKiY wbYÆq
Ki| 2 57 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i KwYKwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 9x2  4y2 + 36 = 0

M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i Dce†îwUi DrGKw±`ÊKZv 34 nGj DcGKw±`ÊK 9x2
ev, 9x2  4y2 =  36 ev,  36   36 = 1
4y2

jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ wbYÆq Ki| 4 y2 x2 y2 x2

wkLbdj- 15 I 20 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 5] ev,  = 1 ev, 2  2 = 1
9 4 3 2
56 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb a2 4 9+4
DrGKw±`ÊKZv e = 1+
b2
= 1+ =
9 9
2 2 2 2
16y 9x 144 y x
K 16y2  9x2 = 144 ev, 144  144 = 144 ev, 9  16 = 1
 13 13
= = (Ans.)
2
y x 2
y 2
x 2 9 3
  =1
32 42
ˆK Awae†Gîi Av`kÆ mgxKiY b2  a2 = 1 ‰i
L AS ˆiLvi mgxKiY,
 M P(x, y)
mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB, a = 4 ‰es b = 3 x  ( 2) y  ( 1)
b =
 AmxgZU ˆiLvi mgxKiY, y =  x 20 10
a
x+2 y+1 Z
3 ev,  2 =  1 A(2,1)
y= x (Ans.) S(0, 0)
4 M
ev, x + 2 = 2y + 2
L cive†îwUi kxlÆwe±`y A(5, 3) ‰es DcGK±`Ê S(2, 3) ‰i

ev, x  2y = 0 … … (i)
ˆKvwUi gvb mgvb nIqvq, AÞGiLv x AGÞi mgv¯¦ivj nGe|
MZM ˆiLvwU AS ‰i Dci jÁ¼|
gGb Kwi, A(5, 3) kxlÆwewkÓ¡ cive†îwUi mgxKiY,
(i) bs ‰i jÁ¼GiLvi mgxKiY, 2x + y + k = 0 … (ii)
(y  3)2 = 4a(x  5)
ZvnGj, (ii) bs ˆiLvwU Z we±`yMvgx| Z we±`yi Õ©vbvâ x1, y1 nGj,
AS = a 0 + x1 0 + y1
2= ‰es  1 = ev, x1 =  4, y1 =  2
ev, (5 + 1) + (3  3) = a  a = 7
2 2 2 2
 wbGYÆq cive†îwUi mgxKiY, (y  3)2 = 4.7.(x  5) (ii)bs ˆiLvwU Z( 4, 2) we±`yMvgx|
ev, y2  6y + 9 = 28x  140 myZivs 2( 4) + ( 2) + k = 0 ev, k = 10
 y2  6y  28x  131 = 0 (Ans.)  MZM ˆiLvi mgxKiY 2x + y + 10 = 0 (Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 27

M wPò nGZ, e = PM = 3 < 1


SP 1 ˆhLvGb, Y = y  3 ‰es X = x + 2
9 25 5
 KwYKwU ‰KwU Dce†î|  DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1+
16
= =
16 4
kZÆvbymvGi, SP = e PM DcGK±`Ê (0,  be)
ev, SP2 = e2 PM2 5
(x + y  2)2
1 2  X=0 ‰es Y =  4 . 4
ev, (x  0)2 + (y  0)2 = 3  2 2
  1 +1 ev, x + 2 = 0 ev, y  3 =  5
2 2
1 x + y + 4 + 2xy  4y  4x
ev, x2 + y2 = 
9 2  x=2 ev, y = 3  5 =  2, 8
ev, 18x2 + 18y2 = x2 + y2 + 4 + 2xy  4y  4x  DcGK±`Ê«¼q, ( 2,  2), ( 2, 8) (Ans.)
ev, 18x2 + 18y2  x2  y2  2xy + 4x + 4y  4 = 0 5
DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi gaÅeZxÆ `ƒiZ½ = 2be = 2.4 . 4 = 10 (Ans.)
 17x2 + 17y2  2xy + 4x + 4y  4 = 0 (Ans.)
2a2 2.9 9
‰es DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ = b = 4 = 2 (Ans.)
² 58 `†kÅK͸-1: 9y2  16x2  64x  54y  127 = 0
cÉk

`†kÅK͸-2: M awi, cive†Gîi DcGK±`Ê S(3, 4) ‰es kxlÆwe±`y A(0, 0).

M P
AX-AÞ wbqvgKGK Z we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGiGQ|
Z
A(0, 0) S(3, 4)
myZivs AZ = AS
ˆhGnZy A ‰i Õ©vbvâ (0, 0) myZivs Z ‰i Õ©vbvâ (3, 4).
M cÅvivGevjv
M
K. 5x2 + 4y2 = 1 Dce†Gîi wbqvgKGiLvi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK Awae†Gîi DcGKG±`Êi Õ©vbvâ,
DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi gaÅeZxÆ `ƒiZ½ ‰es DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ
X
wbYÆq Ki| 4 Z A(0,0) S(3, 4)
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ MZM ‰i mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
wkLbdj- 9, 16, 25 I 26 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 5]
M
58 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
4 3
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 5x + 4y2 = 1
 2 ‰Lb AS ˆiLvi Xvj = 3 ; myZivs MZ ‰i Xvj =  4
x2 y2 3
1
+
1
=1  MZM ˆiLvi mgxKiY, y + 4 =  4 (x + 3)
5 4
1 2 1  4y + 16 = 3x  9
‰LvGb, a = 5 , b = 4
2
 3x + 4y + 25 = 0 ‰wUB wbGYÆq mgxKiY| (Ans.)
1 1
a= ,b= a<b cÉk
² 59
5 2
‰es, Dce†îwUi e†nr AÞ y-AGÞi Ici AewÕ©Z| M
myZivs ‰GÞGò,
1 1
2 2 –
b – a 4 5 1 1 Z A(−1, 2)
e2 = 2 = = 4= S(3, 2) S(11, 2)
b 1 20 5
4
1
AZ‰e, DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e =
5
b K. y2  2x2 = 2 Awae†Gîi DrGKw±`ÊKZv KZ? 2
myZivs, wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY, y =  e L. A ‰es S-ˆK h^vKÌGg cive†Gîi kxlÆwe±`y ‰es DcGK±`Ê aGi
1
2 5
cive†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
A^Ævr, y = 1 =
2 M. S ‰es S DcGK±`ÊwewkÓ¡ Dce†Gîi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki hvi
5 e†nr AGÞi Š`NÆÅ 16| 4
5 wkLbdj- 7, 10, 13 I 24 [hGkvi ˆevWÆ
- 2019  cÉ
k ² bs 5]
A^Ævr, wbqvgK ˆiLv `yBwUi mgxKiY, y =  2 (Ans.)
59 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
L cÉ`î mgxKiY: 9y2  16x2  64x  54y  127 = 0

ev, 9(y2  6y + 9)  16(x2 + 4x + 4) = 144 K y2 – 2x2 = 2

ev, 9(y  3)2  16(x + 2)2 = 144 y2 y2 x2
ev, 2 – x2 = 1 Awae†îGK b2 – a2 = 1 mgxKiGYi
2 2
(y  3) (x + 2)
ev,  =1
16
2 2
9 mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB, b2 = 2 ‰es a2 = 1
Y X
‰wU b2  a2 = 1 AvKvGii mgxKiY hv ‰KwU Awae†î|  DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1+
a2
=
3
(Ans.)
b2 2
28 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cive†Gîi DcGKG±`Êi Õ©vbvâ S(3, 2) ‰es
 60 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
kxlÆwe±`y A( 1, 2) K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, x2 = 4(1  y)

awi, MZ cive†Gîi wbqvgK ˆiLv ‰es Z(, ) ev, x2 = 4(1) (y  1) ... ... (i)
ˆhGnZz, kxlÆwe±`y A( 1, 2),  A we±`ywU ZS ‰i gaÅw±`y awi, X = x ‰es Y = y  1
+3  (i) bs mgxKiYwU `uvovq, X2 = 4(1) Y ... ... (ii)
1=
2
ev,  =  5 P(x,y)
M (ii) bs mgxKiGYi DcGK±`Ê (0, a) ˆhLvGb, a =  1
+2
‰es 2=
2
ev,  = 2 A^Ævr DcGK±`Ê (0, 1)
‰Lb, cive†Gîi AÞGiLv ev ZS
Z A(–1, 2) S(3,2)  X=0 ‰es Y =  1
we±`yMvgx ˆiLvi mgxKiY, x=0 ev, y  1 =  1
y=0
x+1 y2
=
13 22
ev, y  2 = 0  x2 = 4(1  y) cive†Gîi DcGK±`Ê (0, 0) (Ans.)
Avevi, ˆhGnZz wbqvgK ˆiLv AÞGiLvi Ici jÁ¼| L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, y = 4px ... ... (i)
 2

 wbqvgKGiLvi mgxKiY x + k = 0 … … (ii) (i) bs mgxKiYwU (3,  2) we±`yMvgx|

4 1
hv Z( 5, 2) we±`yMvgx| (– 2)2 = 4.p.3 ev, 4 = 12p  p = =
12 3
  5 + k = 0 ev, k = 5 1
 mgxKiYwU: y2 = 4. .x
 wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY, x + 5 = 0 3
cive†Gîi msævbymvGi, SP = PM  DcGKw±`ÊK
1
jGÁ¼i mgxKiY, x = 3 ev, 3x = 1
x+5
ev, (x  3)2 + (y  2)2 = ev, 3x  1 = 0 (Ans.)
1
1
ev, x  6x + 9 + y  4y + 4 = x + 10x + 25
2 2 2
wbqvgGKi mgxKiY, x + 3 = 0 ev, 3x + 1 = 0 (Ans.)
ev, y2  16x  4y + 13  25 = 0 1 4
ev, y2  16x  4y  12 = 0 (Ans.) ‰es DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ = 4. 3 ‰KK = 3 ‰KK (Ans.)
3 + 11 2 + 2 M awi, Awae†îwUi DcGK±`Ê `yBwU S(6, 1) I S (10, 1)

M ˆKG±`Êi Õ©vbvâ  2  2   (7, 2)

  Avo AGÞi Š`NÆÅ = 2a, Abye®¬x AGÞi Š`NÆÅ = 2b ‰es
awi, Dce†Gîi mgxKiY:
(x  7)2 (y  2)2
+ =1
DrGKw±`ÊKZv = e ZvnGj DcGK±`Ê `yBwUi `ƒiZ½ = 2ae
a2 b2 ‰Lb DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi `ƒiZ½,
kZÆgGZ, e†nr AGÞi Š`NÆÅ, 2a = 16 SS = (6 − 10)2 + (1 − 1)2 = 16 = 4
 a = 8 ev, a2 = 64 2 4
 2ae = 4 ev ae = 2 ev a . 3 = 2  a = 3  a2 = 9
DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi gaÅeZÆx `ƒiZ½,
a2 + b2 b2 b2
2ae =(11  3)2 + (2  2)2 = 64 = 8 Avgiv Rvwb e2 = a2 ev, e2 = 1 + a2 ev, a2 = e2 − 1
8 1
e= = 4 32
28 2 ev, b2 = (32 − 1)  9  b2 = 9
2
b
‰Lb, DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1
a2
Avevi DcGK±`Ê `yBwUi gaÅwe±`y nGjv Awae†îwUi ˆK±`Ê|
6 + 10 1 + 1
b2 b2  ˆK±`Ê =    = (8, 1)
ev, e2 = 1  a2 ev, a2 = 1  e2  2 2 
b2 1 3 (x − 8)2 (y − 1)2
ev, 64 = 1  4  b2 = 4  64 = 48  Awae†Gîi mgxKiY, − =1
4 32
9 9
(x  7)2 (y  2)2
myZivs Dce†Gîi mgxKiY: 64
+
48
= 1 (Ans.) 9(x  8)2 9(y  1)2
  = 1 (Ans.)
4 32
² 60 `†kÅK͸-1: y2 = 4px.
cÉk

x2 y2
`†kÅK͸-2: ‰KwU Awae†Gîi DcGK±`Ê `ywU (6, 1) I (10, 1) ‰es cÉk
 ² 61 `†kÅK͸-1 : 16 + 9 = 1
DrGKw±`ÊKZv 3| `†kÅK͸-2 : 4x2  5y2  16x + 10y  9 = 0
K. x2 = 4(1  y) cive†Gîi DcGK±`Ê wbYÆq Ki| A 2 K. x2 =  12y cive†Gîi wbqvgGKi mgxKiY ˆei Ki| 2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ wbG`ÆwkZ cive†îwUi (3, 2) we±`yMvgx nGj ‰i L. x  y  5 = 0 ˆiLvwU `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ ewYÆZ KwYKwUGK Õ·kÆ
DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i mgxKiY, wbqvgGKi mgxKiY I KiGj Õ·kÆ we±`yi Õ©vbvâ wbYÆq Ki| 4
DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ wbYÆq Ki| 4 M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ ewYÆZ mgxKiYwU cÉwgZ AvKvGi cÉKvk KGi
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK KwYKwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ I mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
[ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 5] [XvKv, w`bvRcyi, wmGjU I hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2018  cÉk² bs 5]
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 29
61 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb cÉk
² 62 16x2 + 25y2 = 400.
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,
 K. ‰gb ‰KwU Dce†Gîi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki hv (0, 2 2)
x2 =  12y I ( 3, 0) we±`y w`Gq hvq| 2
= 4 (3)y ... ... (i) L. DrGKw±`ÊKZvmn DóxcGKi KwYKwUi kxlÆ«¼Gqi Õ©vbvâ,
(i) bs ˆK x2 = 4ay ‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB, ˆdvKvm I DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ wbYÆq Ki| 4
a=3 M. wPò AsKb cƒeÆK DóxcGKi KwYKwUi DcGKw±`ÊK jÁ¼«¼q I
 wbqvgGKi mgxKiY, y =  a wbqvgK«¼q ‰i mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
ev, y =  (3) [XvKv, w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 5]
ev, y = 3 62 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
x2 y2
 y  3 = 0 (Ans.) K gGb Kwi, Dce†Gîi mgxKiY, a2 + b2 = 1 .... (i)

L cÉ`î ˆiLvwU, y = x – 5
 µ µ µ (i)
(i) bs mgxKiYwU (0, 2 2) I ( 3, 0) we±`yMvgx
‰es Dce†îwU, 9x + 16 y = 144 µ µ µ (ii)
2 2
0 (2 2)2
(i) bs nGZ y ‰i gvb (ii) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB 
a2
+
b2
=1
9x2 + 16 (x – 5)2 = 144 8
ev, 9x2 + 16 (x2 – 10x + 25) = 144 ev, b2 = 1
ev, 9x2 + 16x2 –160x + 400 –144 = 0  b2 = 8 ... (ii)
ev, 25x2 – 160x + 256 = 0 ( 3)2 0
Avevi, a2 + b2 = 1
ev, (5x)2 – 2.5x.16 + (16)2 = 0
9
16 16 ev, a2 = 1
ev, (5x – 16)2 = 0  x = 5 , 5
 a2 = 9 ..... (iii)
myZivs, ˆiLvwU Dce†îGK ‰KwU gvò we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGi| myZivs (ii) I (iii) bs nGZ cÉvµ¦ gvb (i) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB,
mij ˆiLvwU Dce†îwUGK Õ·kÆKGi| (cÉgvwYZ) x2 y2
+ = 1 (Ans.)
x ‰i gvb (i) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB, 9 8
16 16 – 25 9 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 16x2 + 25y2 = 400

y= –5 = =–
5 5 5
16 2 25 2
16 –9 ev, x  y 1
 Õ·kÆwe±`ywUi Õ©vbvâ (

5 5 ) (Ans.) 400 400
M 4x  5y  16x + 10y  9 = 0
 2 2
x 2 y2
ev,  1
ev, 4x2  16x + 16  5 (y2  2y + 1)  20 = 0 25 16
ev, 4(x  2)2  5 (y  1)2 = 20 x2 y2
(x  2)2 (y  1)2 ev,  1
ev, 5  4 = 1 52 42
X2 Y2 ‰LvGb a = 5 b = 4 ‰es a > b
‰GK a2  b2 = 1 mgxKiGYi mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB, a2 = 5, x2 y2
‰wU a2 + b2 =1 AvKvGii|
b2 = 4
X = x  2, Y = y  1 e†nr AGÞi Š`NÆÅ = 2a = 2.5 = 10 ‰KK
b2 Þz`Ë ” ” = 2b = 2.4 = 8 ‰KK
DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1 + a2
a2 – b2
4 5+4 ˆhGnZz, e2 = a2
= 1+ =
5 5 (5)2 – (4)2
ev, e2 = (5)2
9 3
= =
5 5 9
ev, e2 = 25
2b2 2.4 8
 DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ = a = = 3
5 5  e = (Ans.)
5
‰es DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i mgxKiY,
DcGKw±`ÊK Õ©vbvâ, ( ae, 0)
X =  ae
3
ev, x  2 =  5 .
3
5
(
A^Ævr,  5.5 0 )
ev, x  2 =  3 A^Ævr ( 3, 0) (Ans.)
ev, x =  3 + 2 DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ
2b2 2.(4)2 32
 x  5 = 0 ‰es x + 1 = 0 (Ans.) =
a
=
5
=
5
‰KK (Ans.)
30 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
M ‘L’ nGZ cvB, KwYKwUi mgxKiY,
 7 
=  4   0 = ( 7, 0) (Ans.)
x2 y2  4 
+ =1
y2 42 a 4 4
wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY, x =  e =  =4
3 7 7
‰es a = 5, b = 4 I e =
5 4
 DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i mgxKiY, x = ae 16
ev, x =   7x =  16 (Ans.)
3 7
A^Ævr, x =  5.
5 M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Awae†Gîi DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi Õ©vbvâ ( 5, 0)

 x = 3 (Ans.) ‰es DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 5
a
wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY, x =  e   ae =  5
5 25 ev, a2e2 = 25 ev, 5a2 = 25  a2 = 5
A^Ævr, x =  3  x =  3 (Ans.)
b2
5 Avevi, DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1+
a2
Dce†îwUi wPò Aâb wbÁ²i…c : b2
ev, 5 = 1+
5
Y
wbqvgK 5 ev, 5 = 5 + b2
ˆiLv
ev, 25 = 5 + b2 ev, b2 = 20
x2 y2
 25 (3, 0) O (3, 0) (5, 0) 25  Awae†Gîi mgxKiY, 5  20 = 1
X 3
(5, 0)
3 X
ev, 4x2  y2 = 20 (Ans.)
5
DcGKw±`ÊK
jÁ¼
Y cÉk
² 64 M
P

cÉk
² 63 `†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2:
Y
Z
B(0, 3) A S (−2, 2)
Y

X X
M
X X C
A(4, 0) C A(4, 0) S( 5, 0) S(5, 0)

B(0, 3) Y wPòwU ‰KwU KwYK wbG`Æk KGi hvi wbqvgK ˆiLv MZM|
Y x2 y2
K. y2 + 6y  4x = 0 cive†Gîi DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ wbYÆq K. 4 − 9 = 1 Awae†Gîi DrGKw±`ÊKZv wbYÆq Ki| 2
Ki| 2
L. A(1, −2) nGj MZM ˆiLvi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ DGÍÏwLZ Dce†Gîi DcGKG±`Êi Õ©vbvâ I M. SP : PM = 1 : 2 ‰es MZM ˆiLvi mgxKiY
wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
3x + 4y = 1 nGj KwYKwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ Awae†Gîi DrGKw±`ÊKZv 5 nGj Awae†Gîi [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 5]
mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
[ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 5] 64 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
x2 y2
63 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb K cÉ`î Awae†Gîi mgxKiY, 4  9 = 1

K cÉ`î cive†Gîi mgxKiY, y2 + 6y  4x = 0
 x2 y2
ev, 22  32 = 1
ev, y2 + 2.3.y + 32  4x = 9
9 x2 y2
ev, (y + 3)2 = 4x + 9  (y + 3)2 = 4.1 x + 4  ‰GK, a2  b2 = 1 ‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB,
 
a = 2, b = 3
 DcGKw±`ÊK
jGÁ¼i Š`NÆÅ = |4a| = |4  1| = 4 (Ans.)
b2 32
L `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ ewYÆZ Dce†îwUi e†nr I Þz`Ë AÞ h^vKÌGg x I y AÞ|
  DrGKw±`ÊKZv = 1+ = 1+
a2 22
Avevi, a = 4 ‰es b = 3  a > b 9 13 13
= 1+ = = (Ans.)
x2 y2 x2 y2 4 4 2
 Dce†Gîi mgxKiY, + =1 ev, 16 + 9 = 1
42 32 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,

b2 9 A I S ‰i Õ©vbvâ h^vKÌGg (1,  2) I ( 2, 2)
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv e = 1 2 = 1
a 16
awi, Z we±`yi Õ©vbvâ (x, y)
16  9 7
=
16
=
4 Avgiv Rvwb, cive†Gîi ˆÞGò ZA = AS
x2 y+2
 DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi Õ©vbvâ ( ae, 0)  =1 ‰es 2 =2
2
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 31
ev, x  2 = 2 ev, y + 2 =  4 9 13 13
= 1+ = = (Ans.)
x=4  y=6 4 4 2
 Z we±`yi Õ©vbvâ (4, 6) wbqvgGKi mgxKiY:
‰Lb, A I S we±`yMvgx ˆiLvi mgxKiY, cÉ`î Awae†Gîi wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY x =  e
a
x1 y+2 x1 y+2
=
1+2 22
ev, 3 =  4 13
‰LvGb, a = 2 ‰es e = 2
ev, 3y + 6 =  4x + 4
 4x + 3y + 2 = 0 ... ... ... (i) 2
x=
awi, (i) ‰i jÁ¼ ˆiLvi (MZM) mgxKiY, 13
3x  4y + k = 0 ... ... ... (ii) 2
(ii) bs ˆiLvwU Z(4,  6) we±`yMvgx 4
ev, x=
 3.4  4( 6) + k = 0 13
ev, 12 + 24 + k = 0  k =  36  13 x =  4 BnvB wbGYÆq mgxKiY|
 MZM ‰i mgxKiY 3x  4y  36 = 0 (Ans.) L

M
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, SP : PM = 1 : 2 P(x, y)
M
SP 1
ev, PM = 2
ev, PM = 2SP ... ... ... (i) S(0, 2) A(3, 2)
Z
awi, P we±`yi Õ©vbvâ (x, y)
Avevi, DcGKG±`Êi Õ©vbvâ S( 2, 2)
‰es MZM ˆiLvi mgxKiY, 3x + 4y = 1
3x + 4y  1 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, DcGK±`Ê S(0, 2) ‰es kxlÆ A(3, 2)|
(i) ˆ^GK cvB, = 2. (x + 2)2 + (y  2)2 awi, cive†Gîi Dci ‰KwU we±`y P(x, y) I wbqvgK ˆiLv MZ|
32 + 42
3x + 4y  1 Avgiv Rvwb, Z I S ‰i gaÅwe±`y A| awi, Z ‰i Õ©vbvâ (x1, y1)
ev, 5
= 2 x2 + 4x + 4 + y2  4y + 4 x1 + 0 y1 + 2
 =3 =2
2 2
ev, (3x + 4y  1) = (10 x + y + 4x  4y + 8 )
2 2 2 2

ev, 9x2 + 16y2 + 1 + 24xy  6x  8y = 100(x2 ev, x1 = 6 ev, y1 + 2 = 4

+ y2 + 4x  4y + 8) ev, y1 = 2
ev, 100x + 100y + 400x  400y + 800  9x2
2 2  Z(6, 2)
 16y2  24xy + 6x + 8y  1 = 0 22
2 2
cive†Gîi AÞGiLvi Xvj, m1 = 3  0 = 0
 91x + 84y  24xy + 406x  392y + 799 = 0
hv wbGYÆq KwYGKi mgxKiY| 1
 wbqvgK ˆiLvi Xvj, m2 = 0 [‹ m1  m2 =  1]
cÉk
² 65 Y
 wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY, y  2 = 0 (x  6)
1
B
ev,  x + 6 = 0 ev, x  6 = 0
S(0, 2)

A
A(3, 2) ‰Lb, SP = PM
X
O
X ev, SP2 = PM2
B ev, x2 + (y  2)2 = (x  6)2
Y ev, x2 + (y  2)2 = x2  12x + 36
K. 9x2 − 4y2 = 36 KwYGKi wbqvgGKi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 2 ev, (y  2)2 =  12(x  3), BnvB wbGYÆq cive†Gîi mgxKiY|
L. A ˆK kxlÆwe±`y ‰es S ˆK DcGK±`Ê aGi AwâZ cive†Gîi M

mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 Y
M. DóxcGK OB = 4 ‰es AS = AS nGj BB ˆK e†nr AÞ
B(0, 8)
‰es AA ˆK Þz`Ë AÞ aGi AwâZ Dce†Gîi DcGKw±`ÊK
jGÁ¼i mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4
S(0, 2)

[wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 5]

65 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb A( 3, 2)
2 2
x y A(3, 2)
K cÉ`î Awae†Gîi mgxKiY, 4  9 = 1

X X
O
x2 y2
ev, 22  32 = 1
x2 y2 B(0, 4)
‰GK, a2  b2 = 1 ‰i mvG^ Zzjbv KGi cvB,
a = 2, b = 3 Y
b 2
32
ˆhGnZz, OB = 4 ‰KK, ˆmGnZz SB = 2 + 4 = 6 ‰KK
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv = 1+ = 1+
a2 22
 SB = 6 ‰KK A^Ævr B we±`yi Õ©vbvâ (0, 8)
32 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
Avevi, AS = AS A^Ævr S, AA ‰i gaÅwe±`y| ev, x + y + 11 = 0
 A we±`yi Õ©vbvâ ( 3, 2)
awi, cive†Gîi Dci P(x, y) ˆh ˆKvGbv ‰KwU we±`y|
BB ˆK e†nr AÞ ‰es AA ˆK Þz`Ë AÞ aGi
x2 (y  2)2 cive†Gîi msævbyhvqx,
Dce†îwUi mgxKiY, 32 + 62
=1
x + y + 11
ˆhLvGb a = 3, b = 6(a < b) (x − 5)2 + (y − 8)2 =  
 2 
b2  a2
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv, e = 1
b2 ev, x2 − 10x + 25 + y2 − 16y + 64 = 2 (x2 + y2 + 121
36  9 3 3 3
= = = + 2xy + 22x + 22y)
36 6 2
 Dce†Gîi DcGKw±`ÊK jGÁ¼i mgxKiY, y  2 =  be ev, 2x − 20x + 50 + 2y − 32y + 128 − x2 − y2 − 121 −
2 2

3
ev, y  2 =  6  2 2xy − 22x − 22y = 0

 y  2 =  3 3 (Ans.) ev, x2 + y2 − 2xy − 42x − 54y + 57 = 0

² 66 `†kÅK͸-1:
cÉk
  (x  y)2  42x  54y + 57 = 0 (Ans.)
cive†î
M

kxlÆwe±`y DcGK±`Ê Y

(−1, 2) (5, 8) 6

4
`†kÅK͸-2: ‰KwU Awae†Gîi DcGK±`Ê `yBwU (6, 1) I (10, 1) ‰es
DrGKw±`ÊKZv 3.
2
K. 3x2 + 5y2 = 1 ‰i DrGKw±`ÊKZv wbYÆq Ki| 2 (8, 1) S(10, 1)
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cive†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 S(6, 1)

M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ Awae†îwUi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki| 4 X O 2 4 6 8 10 X

[hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 5]
66 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 2

K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Dce†îwUi mgxKiY,


3x2 + 5y2 = 1 4
x2 y2 x-AÞ eivei 5 Ni = 2 ‰KK
ev, 1 + 1 = 1 Y y-AÞ eivei 5 Ni = 2 ‰KK
3 5
x2 y2 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Awae†Gîi DcGK±`Ê«¼q (6, 1) I (10, 1)
 2 + 2=1
1 1 ‰es DrGKw±`ÊKZv 3|
 3  5
1 1 DcGK±`Ê `yBwUi ˆKvwU mgvb eGj Awae†îwUi Avo AÞ
‰LvGb, a = ‰es b =  a > b
3 5 x-AGÞi mgv¯¦ivj|
 DrGKw±`ÊKZv,
2
 DcGK±`Ê `yBwUi `ƒiZ½, 2ae = | 6  10 | = 4
 1  1
  ev, 2  a  3 = 4  a = 3
2
 5 5
e= 1– 2= 1–
1
 1 b2 b2
  3 ‰Lb, e2 = 1 + a2 ev, a2 = e2  1
 3
3 5–3 2 4 32
= 1–
5
=
5
=
5
(Ans.) ev, b2 = a2(e2  1) = 9 (9  1) = 9
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cive†Gîi kxlÆwe±`y (−1, 2)

‰Lb, Awae†îwUi ˆK±`Ê = DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi msGhvM ˆiLvsGki
‰es DcGK±`Ê (5, 8)| cive†Gîi mgxKiY wbYÆq KiGZ nGe|
gGb Kwi cive†îwUi wbqvgKGiLv I AGÞi ˆQ`we±`y (x1, y1) 6 + 10 1 + 1
gaÅwe±`y   2  2   (8, 1)
x1 + 5 y1 + 8  

2
=−1 ‰es 2
=2
(x  8)2 (y  1)2
 x1 = −2 − 5= −7 y1 = 4 − 8 = − 4  wbGYÆq Awae†Gîi mgxKiY,  =1
4 32
8−2
‰Lb AÞGiLvi Xvj 5 + 1 = 1 9 9

 wbqvgK ˆiLvi Xvj − 1 9(x  8)2 9(y  1)2

  = 1 (Ans.)
 wbqvgK ˆiLvi mgxKiY, y + 4 = −1 (x + 7) 4 32
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 33

² 67 `†kÅK͸-1: KwYGKi DcGK±`Ê S(5, 2) ‰es kxlÆwe±`y

cÉk
 ev, x2 – 10x + 25 + y2 – 4y + 4
A(3, 4), x2 + y2 + 25 – 2xy + 10x – 10y
=
`†kÅK͸-2: 6x + 4y – 36x – 4y + 43 = 0 ‰KwU mgxKiY|
2 2 2
K. 4x2 – 9y2 – 1 = 0 KwYKwU cÉgvY AvKvGi cÉKvk KGi mbvÚ ev, 2x2 – 20x + 50 + 2y2 – 8y + 8
Ki| 2 = x2 + y2 + 25 – 2xy + 10x – 10y
L. e = 1 nGj `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ ewYÆZ KwYGKi mgxKiY wbYÆq Ki|  x2 + y2 – 30x + 2y + 2xy + 33 = 0 (Ans.)
4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i mgxKiYwUi DcGK±`Ê ‰es wbqvgGKi M cÉ`î mgxKiY,

mgxKiY ˆei Ki| 4 6x2 + 4y2 – 36x – 4y + 43 = 0
[ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 5] ev, 6(x2 – 6x) + 4(y2 – y) = − 43
67 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 1
ev, 6(x2 – 2.3.x + 9) + 4 y2 – 2. 2. y + 4 = − 43 + 54 + 1
1
K 4x – 9y – 1 = 0 ev, 4x2 – 9y2 = 1
 2 2  
2 2 2 2 2
x y x y 1
ev, 1 – 1 = 1  1 2 – 1 2 = 1 ev, 6(x – 3)2 + 4 y – 2 = 12
     
4 9  2  3 2

Bnv ‰KwU Awae†Gîi mgxKiY| (x – 3)2  y – 1

 2
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, KwYKwUi DrGKw±`ÊKZv e = 1
 ev, 2
+
3
=1
A^Ævr KwYKwU ‰KwU cive†î| 2

ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cive†îwUi DcGK±`Ê S(5, 2) ‰es  y – 1

(x – 3) 2
 2
kxlÆwe±`y A(3, 4)  + =1
( 2)2 ( 3)2
M P(x, y)
Bnv ‰KwU Dce†Gîi mgxKiY|
S(5, 2)
‰LvGb, a = 2 ‰es b = 3
Z(,)
A(3, 4) b>a
a2 2 1
DrGKw±`ÊKZv = 1
b2
= 1 =
3 3
1
AS ˆiLvwU AÞGiLv, ZM Dnvi wbqvgK ˆiLv ‰es cive†îwUi awi, x − 3 = X ‰es y − 2 = Y
AÞGiLv I wbqvgK ˆiLvi ˆQ`we±`yi Õ©vbvâ Z(, )
DcGKG±`Êi RbÅ X = 0, Y =  be
ˆhGnZz kxlÆwe±`y A(3, 4), ZS ‰i gaÅwe±`y|
1 1
3=
5+
ev, 6 = 5 +    = 1 ev, x − 3 = 0, y − 2 =  3 
2 3
2+ 1
‰es 4 = 2 ev, 8 = 2 +    = 6  x = 3, y = 1
2
 Z ‰i Õ©vbvâ (1, 6) 3 1
‰Lb, cive†Gîi AÞGiLv A^Ævr SZ ˆiLvi mgxKiY, y=
2
ev, − 2
x–5 y–2 x–5 y–2
= ev, 4 = – 4 ev, x – 5 = − y + 2 3 1
5–1 2–6  DcGK±`Ê«¼Gqi Õ©vbvâ =  3 2,  3 – 2 (Ans.)
 x + y – 7 = 0 ... ... ... (i)   
Avevi, cive†Gîi wbqvgK ˆiLv AÞGiLvi Dci jÁ¼ ‰es ‰es wbqvgGKi mgxKiY,
Z we±`yMvgx| (i) bs ‰i jÁ¼GiLvi mgxKiY,
1 3 1
x – y + k = 0 ... ... ... (ii) y–
2
=
1
ev, y – 2 =  3
(ii) bs ˆiLvwU Z(1, 6) we±`yMvgx,
3
 1 – 6 + k = 0  k = 5.
k ‰i gvb (ii) bs ‰ ewmGq cvB, x – y + 5 = 0 y =3+
1
2
 wbqvgGKi mgxKiY, x – y + 5 = 0 ... ... ... (iii)
cive†Gîi Dci ˆh ˆKvGbv we±`y P(x, y) nGj 1 7
(+) wbGq, y = 3 + ev, y = 2
2
cive†Gîi msævbymvGi, PS = PM
|x – y + 5|  2y – 7 = 0 (Ans.)
ev, (x – 5)2 + (y – 2)2 = 1 –5
1+1 (–) wbGq, y = – 3 + ev, y = 2
2
(x – y + 5)2
ev, (x – 5)2 + (y – 2)2 =
2  2y + 5 = 0 (Ans.)
34 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

mµ¦g AaÅvq: wecixZ wòGKvYwgwZK dvskb I wòGKvYwgwZK mgxKiY

8 2
cÉk
² 34 f(x) = cosecx – cotx, g(x) = sinx ev, 2cos 2 sin 2 = 3 sin
x y
K. ˆ`LvI ˆh, cosec sin– 1 tan sec– 1 =
y
. 2 ev, 2cos4sin – 3sin = 0
x – y2
2

3 24 ev, sin(2cos4 – 3) = 0
L. f() = 4 nGj, ˆ`LvI ˆh,  =  sin–1  . 4
25  nq, sin = 0 A^ev, 2cos4 – 3 = 0
M. g(5) – 3g() = g(3) mgxKiYwUi mvaviY mgvavb wbYÆq   = n ev, 2cos4 = 3
Ki| 4 3
[gqgbwmsn ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 3]
nÙ ev, cos4 = 2
wkLbdj- 1 I 3
34 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb ev, cos4 = cos 6

x
K
 cosecsin– 1 tan sec– 1
y 
x ev, 4 = 2n  6
x2 – y2 x2 – y2
= cosecsin– 1 tantan– 1  n 
y y = 
2 2 2 24
x –y
= cosecsin– 1 n 
y  wbGYÆq mgvavb:  = n,  (Ans.)
y y 2 24
–1
= coseccosec =
x2 – y2 x2 – y2
x y
cÉk
² 35 (a) = tan1a, g(a) = sina
 cosecsin– 1tansec– 1 = (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) 1 1
y x2 – y2 K. 3  + 5  ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = cosecx – cotx
    

 f() = cosec – cot x + yg  
2 
L. ˆ`LvI ˆh, 2 tan  = sec1
xy 
kZÆgGZ, cosec – cot = 4 ... (i)
3
x+y 2 
4
y + xg  
1 cos 3 1  cos 3 2 
ev, sin  sin = 4 ev, sin = 4  1
M. mgvavb Ki: g2  x + g(x) = 4
 2
2sin2
2 3  3 wkLbdj- 1 I 3 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 3]
ev,   4
= ev, tan =
2 4
2sin cos 35 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
2 2
 9  9 K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (a) = tan1a

ev, tan22 = 16 ev, sec2 2  1 = 16 1
 
3
 + 51  = tan131 + tan115
1 9 1 25    
ev, =
16
+ 1 ev, =
16 1 1 5+3
2 2
cos 1  sin +
2 2 3 5
1 1
15
= tan = tan
 16  9 1 1 15  1
ev, 1  sin2 2 = 25 ev, sin2 2 = 25 1 .
3 5 15
 3  3 8 15 4
ev, sin 2 =  5 ev, 2 = sin1  5  = tan1 
15
  = tan1 (Ans.)
14 7
   
  =  2 sin1
3 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, (a) = tan1a

5
  tan  = tan1 tan 
x y  xy 
 3 9
=  sin1 2. 1  [2sin1x = sin1(2x 1  x2)]  x + y 2  x+y 2
 5 25
6 16  6 4
‰es g(a) = sina
=  sin1  . =  sin1  .   
5 25  5 5   g   = sin   = cos
24
2  2 
=  sin1   (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
evgcÞ = 2 tan 
xy 
25  x+y 2
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, g(x) = sinx

= 2 tan1  tan 
xy 
cÉ`î mgxKiY, g(5) – 3g() = g(3)  x+y 2
ev, sin5 – 3sin = sin3 
ev, sin5 – sin3 = 3sin
 x  y . sin
1 
2
5 + 3 5 – 3 = 2 tan
ev, 2cos sin = 3 sin  x + y . cos 

2 2  2
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 35
 36 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
(x  y) sin2 1 3 3
2 K
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, x = 2 cos1 4  cos 2x = 4
1
2
(x + y) cos sinx 2sin2x
= cos1
2 ‰Lb, tanx = cosx = 2sinx cosx

(x  y) sin2 1  cos2x 1  cos2x
2 = =
1+ sin2x 1  cox22x

(x + y) cos2 3 1
2 1
4 4 1 4 1
2  = = =  = (Ans.)
(x + y) cos  (x  y) sin2 9 7 4 7 7
1 2 2 1
= cos 16 16
 
(x + y) cos2 + (x  y) sin2 L
 evgcÞ = N = tan1 (cosec tan1x  tan cot1x)
2 2
1 1 + x2 1
= . 2tan1 cosec cosec1  tan.tan1 
   
x cos  sin  + y cos + sin2 
2 2 2
 x
1  2 2  2 2 2 x
= cos 1 1 + x2 1
= . 2tan1 
   
x cos + sin  + y cos  sin 
2 2 2 2
 x  x 1 + x2
 2 2  2 2 2
x
2
x cos + y 1 1 1 + x 1
= cos1 = . 2tan 
x + y cos 2 x 1
1 x + y cos 1 + x2  1
= sec 2
y + x cos 1 x
 = tan1
2 ( 1 + x2  1)2
x + yg   1
 2     x2
= sec1 g   = cos
     2  
y + xg   2 ( 1 + x2  1)
2  x
1 1
= WvbcÞ = tan 2
2 x  (1 + x  2 1 + x2 + 1)
2

x + yg    x2
 xy  2 
 2f
 x + y tan 2 = sec
1

(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) 2 ( 1 + x2  1)
y + xg   
2  1 1 x
= tan
M
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, g(a) = sina;  g(x) = sinx 2 x2  1  x2 + 2 1 + x2  1
  x2
 g  x = sin  x = cosx
2  2  2 ( 1 + x2  1)
 1
cÉ`î mgxKiY: g2  x + g(x) = 1 1 x
2 = tan
2 2 ( 1 + x2  1)
1
ev, cosx + sinx = x2
2
1 1 1 1 1 2( 1 + x2  1) x2 
ev, cosx + sinx =
2 =
2
tan 
x
´ 
2 2  2 ( 1 + x2  1)
  1 1
ev, cosx.cos 4 + sinx.sin4 = 2 = tan1 x = WvbcÞ
2
 
ev, cosx  4 = cos3 
1
 N = tan1x (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
2
 
 x  = 2n  ; ˆhLvGb n  Ù M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ () = cos

4 3
 
ev, x = 2n  3 + 4 cÉ`î ivwk, () +  (2) +  (3) = 0
 cos + cos2 + cos3 = 0
  7
(+) wPn× wbGq cvB, x = 2n + + = 2n + ev, cos + cos3 + cos2 = 0
3 4 12
 
() wPn× wbGq cvB, x = 2n  + = 2n 
 ev, 2cos2.cos + cos2 = 0
3 4 12
7  ev, cos2 (2cos + 1) = 0
 wbGYÆq mgvavb: 2n + , 2n  ; ˆhLvGb n  Ù (Ans.)
12 12 
‰Lb, cos2 = 0 nGj 2 = (2n + 1) 2, n  Ù
cÉk
² 36 N = tan1 (cosec tan1x  tancot1x) ‰es f() = cos 
1 3   = (2n + 1)
K. hw` x = 2 cos1 4 nq, ZGe tanx ‰i gvb KZ nGe? 2 4
1 2 2
1
L. ˆ`LvI ˆh, N = 2 tan1x. 4 2cos + 1 = 0 nGj cos =  = cos   = 2n 
2 3 3
M. mgvavb Ki: f() + f(2) + f(3) = 0, hLb  2    2. 4 n =  4 nGj,  =
7 26 22
, ,
wkLbdj- 1 I 4 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 3] 4 3 3
36 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

n =  3 nGj,  =
5 20 16
, ,
ev, 3 tanx (tanx + 3)  1 (tanx + 3) = 0
4 3 3
ev, (tanx + 3) (3 tanx  1) = 0
 3 14 10
n =  2 nGj,  = , , wK¯§ tanx   3  3 tanx  1 = 0
4 3 3
1 1
  8 4 KviY x ‰KwU mƒßGKvY| ev, tanx = 3  x = tan1 3 
n =  1 nGj,  = , ,  
4 3 3
 2 2 cÉ`îivwk = cot 1 3  x
n = 0 nGj,  = , ,  1 1
4 3 3
= tan1   tan1 ; [gvb ewmGq]
3 8 4 3  3 
n = 1 nGj, = , ,
4 3 3 = 0 (Ans.)

n = 2 nGj,
5 14 10
= , ,
M cÉ`î mgxKiY: 4 cosx cos2x cos3x = 1; 0 < x < 

4 3 3
ev, (2 cos3x cosx) (2 cos2x) = 1
7 20 16
n = 3 nGj  = ,
4 3
,
3
ev, (cos4x + cos2x) (2 cos2x) = 1
 cÉ`î  2    2 mxgvi gGaÅ wbGYÆq mgvavb: ev, 2 cos4x cos2x + 2 cos22x  1 = 0
7 5 3  4 2  2 3 4 5 7 ev, 2 cos4x cos2x + cos4x = 0
= , , , , , , , , , , (Ans.) ev, cos4x (2 cos2x + 1) = 0
4 4 4 4 3 3 4 3 4 3 4 4
 nq, cos4x = 0 A^ev, 2 cos2x + 1 = 0
cÉk
² 37  ev, 2 cos2x = 1
ev, 4x = (2n+1) 2
`†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2: ev, cos2x =  12 = cos 2
3
A 4 cosx cos2x cos3x = 1. 
 x = (2n+1)
5 8 ev, 2x = 2n  2
3 3
   
 x = (2n + 1) , n + , n   x = n 
8 3 3
B C 3

K. sin1x + sin1y = nGj ˆ`LvI ˆh, x2 + y2 = 1.
2
2 hLb, n ‰i gvb kƒbÅ ev ˆh ˆKvGbv cƒYÆ msLÅv|
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ ACB = 2x nGj cot13  x ‰i gvb wbYÆq hLb n = 0, ZLb, x =
  
, ,
Ki| 4 8 3 3
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i mgxKiYwU 0 < x <  eÅewaGZ mgvavb Ki| 4 3 2 4
wkLbdj- 1 I 4 [KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 4] hLb n = 1, ZLb, x = , ,
8 3 3
37 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 5 7 5
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,
 hLb n = 2, ZLb, x = , ,
8 3 3
 7 10 8
sin1x + sin1y =
2 hLb, n = 3, ZLb, x = 8 , 3 , 3
   3 2 5 7
ev, sin1x = 2  sin1 y ev, sin1x = cos1 y  wbw`ÆÓ¡ mxgvi gGaÅ x ‰i gvbmgƒn: 8, 3, 8 , 3 , 8 , 8
ev, sin1x = sin1 1  y2 ev, x = 1  y2 ev, x2 = 1  y2 (Ans.)
 x2 + y2 = 1 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) ² 38 `†kÅK͸-1: a sinx + b cosx = 1
cÉk

L
 A `†kÅK͸-2:  (x) = cosx
5 K. mgvavb Ki: tan2  3 cosec2 + 1 = 0. 2
3 L. a = 3 ‰es b = 1 nGj `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i mgxKiYwU mgvavb
Ki, ˆhLvGb  2 < x < 2. 4
B
2x
C
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK f(x) + f(3x) + f(5x) + f(7x) = 0
mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki, ˆhLvGb 0 < x < . 4
wkLbdj- 3 I 4 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 4]
‰LvGb, ACB = 2x ‰es BC = 52  32 = 4 ‰KK
3 38 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
‰Lb, tan 2x = 4 K tan   3 cosec  + 1 = 0
 2 2

2 tanx
ev, 1  tan2x = 4
3 ev, tan2 = 3 cosec2  1
ev, tan2 = 3(1 + cot2)  1
ev, 3  3 tan2x = 8 tanx ev, tan2 = 3 + 3 cot2 1
ev, 3 tan2x + 8 tanx  3 = 0 3
ev, tan2 = 2 + tan2
ev, 3 tan2x + 9 tanx  tanx  3 = 0
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 37
ev, tan4 = 2 tan2 + 3 [tan2 «¼viv àY KGi] 
A^ev, cos4x = 0  4x = (2n + 1) 2 ev, x = (2n + 1) 8

ev, tan4  2 tan2  3 = 0  
ev, tan4  3 tan2 + tan2  3 = 0  wbGYÆq mgvavb: x = (2n + 1) 2 , (2n + 1)4
ev, tan2(tan2  3) + 1 (tan2  3) = 0 
(2n + 1) ; ˆhLvGb n ‰i gvb kƒbÅ A^ev AbÅ ˆhGKvGbv cƒYÆ
8
ev, (tan2  3) (tan2 + 1) = 0 msLÅv|
ev, tan2  3 = 0 [tan2 + 1  0]   
n=0 nGj, x = 2, 4, 8
ev, tan  = 3 ev, tan =  3
2

3 3 3

ev, tan = tan 3   = n  3
 n=1 nGj, x = 2 , 4 , 8
5 5 5
 n=2 nGj, x = 2 , 4 , 8
 wbGYÆq mgvavb:  = n  3 ; hLb n ‰i gvb kƒbÅ A^ev
7 7 7
n = 3 nGj, x = , ,
AbÅ ˆhGKvGbv cƒYÆ msLÅv| (Ans.) 2 4 8
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,
  cÉ`î mxgvi gGaÅ wbGYÆq gvb,
   3 3 5 7
a sinx + b cosx = 1; a = 3 ‰es b = 1 x= , , , , ,
8 4 2 8 4 8 8
, (Ans.)
ev, 3 sinx + cosx = 1; [ 2 <x <2]
cÉk
² 39 (x) = sinx I g(x) = cosx
3 1 1
ev, 2 sinx + 2 cosx = 2 K. mgvavb Ki: 2(cos2x  sin2x) = 3. 2
L. mgvavb Ki: (x) + g(x) = f(2x) + g(2x). 4
  1
ev, sin 3 sinx + cos 3. cosx = 2 M. mgvavb Ki: 4g(x) g(2x) g(3x) = 1, hLb 0 < x < 4
wkLbdj- 3 I 4 [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 4]
  1
ev, cosx cos 3 + sinx sin 3 = 2 39 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
K 2 (cos2x  sin2x) = 3

 
ev, cos x  3 = cos 3 ev, 2 cos 2x = 3
3 

ev, x  3 = 2n  3
 ev, cos2x = 2 = cos 6

   2x = 2n  ; ˆhLvGb nÙ
ev, x = 3 + 2n  3 6

 x = n  (Ans.)
 12
 x = 2 n + [(+) wPn× wbGq]
 3 L
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) + g(x) = f(2x) + g(2x)
‰es x = 2n [() wPn× wbGq] ev, sinx + cosx = sin2x + cos2x
ˆhLvGb, n ‰i gvb 0 A^ev ˆhGKvGbv cƒYÆmsLÅv| ev, cosx  cos2x = sin2x  sinx
x + 2x 2x  x 2x + x 2x  x
n = 0,  1,  2... ewmGq cvB, ev, 2 sin 2 . sin  2  = 2 cos 2 . sin  2 
2
   
x= , 0; [hLb n = 0] ev, 2 sin 3x sin x = 2 cos 3x sin x
3 2 2 2 2
2
‰es x =  2 + 3 [hLb n =  1] ev, sin 3x sin x = cos 3x sin x
2 2 2 2
=
 6 + 2
=
4 ev, sin 3x sin x  cos 3x sin x = 0
3 3 2 2 2 2
x 3x 3x
4
 wbGYÆq mgvavb, x =  , 0,
2
(Ans.) ev, sin sin 2  cos 2  = 0
3 3 2 
x
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,  (x) = cosx
  sin = 0 A^ev, sin 3x  cos 3x = 0
2 2 2
  (3x) = cos3x
 (5x) = cos5x ‰es (7x) = cos7x
ev, x = n ev, sin 3x = cos 3x
2 2 2
cÉkg² GZ, cosx + cos3x + cos5x + cos7x = 0 [0 < x < ] sin
3x
 x = 2n. 2
ev, (cos5x + cosx) + (cos7x + cos3x) = 0 ev, =1
ˆhLvGb n  Ù 3x
ev, 2 cos3x cos2x + 2 cos5x cos2x = 0 cos
2
ev, 2 cos2x (cos5x + cos 3x) = 0 ev, tan 3x = 1
ev, 2 cos2x.2 cos4x.cosx = 0 2
3x
ev, cosx.cos2x.cos4x = 0 ev, = (4n + 1) 
2 4

nq, cosx = 0  x = (2n + 1) 2 
 x = (4n + 1) (n  Ù)
6
  
A^ev, cos2x = 0  2x = (2n + 1) 2 ev, x = (2n + 1) 4  wbGYÆq mgvavb: x = 2n, (4n + 1) ; (n  Ù) (Ans.)
6
38 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 4g(x) g(2x) g(3x) = 1; 0 < x < 
 ‰Lb, cos2 = 0 nGj, 2 = (2n + 1)2   = (2n + 1)4
 
 4 cosx cos2x cos3x = 1
ev, (2 cos3x cosx) (2 cos2x) = 1 1 2
‰es 1 + 2cos2 = 0 nGj cos2 =  2 = cos 3
ev, (cos4x + cos2x) (2 cos2x) = 1
2 
ev, 2 cos4x cos2x + 2 cos22x  1 = 0 ev, 2 = 2n  3   = n  3
ev, 2 cos4x cos2x + cos4x = 0  
A^ev, 2 cos2x + 1 = 0  wbGYÆq mgvavb:  = (2n + 1)4, n  3 (Ans.)
ev, cos4x (2 cos2x + 1) = 0
ev, 2 cos2x = 1
 nq, cos4x = 0 1
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, A = cosec1 5  2 sin1 5 + tan14

3 1

ev, cos2x =  12 = cos 2
3
ev, 4x = (2n+1) 2 cvGki wPò ˆ^GK cvB,
ev, 2x = 2n  2
 3 1 5
 x = (2n+1) cosec1 5 = tan1
8  x = n   2 1
3 1 3
  
 x = (2n + 1) , n + , n 
8 3 3
gGb Kwi, 2 sin15 = 
3 ( 5)2  1 = 2
ZvnGj sin2 = 5
hLb, n ‰i gvb kƒbÅ ev ˆh ˆKvGbv cƒYÆ msLÅv|
   sin 2sin2 1  cos2
hLb n = 0, ZLb, x = , ,  tan = =
cos 2sincos
=
sin2
8 3 3
9 4
3 2 4 1 1 1
hLb n = 1, ZLb, x = , , 1 1  sin22 25 5 1
8 3 3 =
sin2
=
3
=
3
=
3
5 7 5 5 5
hLb n = 2, ZLb, x = , ,
8 3 3 1 1 3 1
  = tan1
3
ev, 2 sin1 5 = tan1 3
7 10 8
hLb, n = 3, ZLb, x = 8 , 3 , 3
 cÉ`î ivwk,
  3 2 5 7 1 1 3 1
 wbw`ÆÓ¡ mxgvi gGaÅ x ‰i gvbmgƒn: , , , , , (Ans.) A = cosec1 5  sin + tan1
8 3 8 3 8 8 2 5 4
² 40 `†kÅK͸-1: () = sin
cÉk
 1 1 1
= tan1  tan1 + tan1
2 3 4
1 3 1
`†kÅK͸-2: A = cosec1 5  2 sin15 + tan14 1 1 1

1 2 3 1 1 1 6 1
K. ˆ`LvI ˆh, sec2(tan1 15) + cosec2(cot1 13) = 30. 2 = tan + tan = tan + tan1
11 4 7 4
  1+ .
23 6
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK 2  .   3 + 1 = 0
2   2  1 1
+
mgxKiGYi mgvavb Ki| 4 1 1 1 1 1
7 4
= tan + tan = tan
11 7 4 11
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ˆ^GK ˆ`LvI ˆh, A = tan1 .
27
4 1 .
74
wkLbdj- 1 I 3 [hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 3] 11
28 11
40 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb = tan1
27
= tan1
27
K evgcÞ = sec (tan1 15) + cosec2(cot1 13)
 2
28
= 1 + tan2(tan1 15) + 1 + cot2 (cot1 13) 11
 A = tan1
27
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
= 1 + ( 15)2 + 1 + ( 13)2
= 1 + 15 + 1 + 13 = 30 = WvbcÞ p q
² 41 DóxcK-1: sec = x, sec = y
cÉk

 sec2(tan1 15) + cosec2(cot1 13) = 30 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f() = sin
 DóxcK-2: f(x) = secx
1
 
cÉ`î mgxKiY, 2f 2  .f 2  3 + 1 = 0 K. sec2(cot11) + sin2cos1 2  ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2
 
 
ev, 2sin2  .sin2  3 + 1 = 0 L. DóxcK-1 ‰  +  =  nGj cÉgvY Ki ˆh,
x2 y2 2xy
ev, 2cos.cos3 + 1 = 0 + 
p2 q2 pq
cos = sin2. 4
ev, cos2 + cos4 + 1 = 0 M. DóxcK-2 ‰i AvGjvGK f(x).f(3x) + 2 = 0 mgxKiGYi
ev, cos2 + 2cos22 = 0 mvaviY mgvavb wbYÆq Ki| 4
ev, cos2(1 + 2cos2) = 0 wkLbdj- 1 I 3 [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 3]
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 39
41 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 2x 1  y2
1 cÉk
² 42 f(x) = 1 + x2 . g(y) = 1 + y2 ‰es h(x) = sinx.
K
 sec (cot 1) + sin cos
2 1 2 1
 2 
1
K. cos1m + cos1 n = 2 nGj, cÉgvY Ki ˆh, m2 + n2 = 1. 2
= 1 + tan (cot 1) + 1  cos cos
2 1  2 1
1 1
 2
L. cosec1 f(a) – sec1 g(b) = 2 tan1x nGj, ˆ`LvI ˆh,
1 2
= 1 + {tan(tan11)}2 + 1  cos cos1  ab
  2  x=
1 + ab
. 4
1 2
M. 0    2 eÅewaGZ 2h() . h(3) = 1 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb
= 1 + 12 + 1   
2  Ki| 4
1 11
=3 = (Ans.) wkLbdj- 1 I 4 [XvKv ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 4]
4 4
42 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
p p x
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, sec = x   = sec1 x = cos1 p
 K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cos1 x + cos1 y = 2


q q y
‰es sec = y   = sec1 y = cos1 q  
ev, cos1x = 2  cos1y ev, x = cos 2  cos1y
Avevi,  +  =  ev, x = sin (cos1y) ev, x2 = sin2 (cos1y) [eMÆ KGi]
x y
 cos1 + cos1 =  ev, x2 = 1  cos2 (cos1y)
p q
x y x2 y2  ev, x2 = 1  y2  x2 + y2 = 1 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
ev, cos1 p . q  1  p2 1  q2  =  1 1
    L cosec1 f(a)  sec1 g(b) = 2 tan1x

x y x2 y2 x2y2
ev, p . q  1  +
p2 q2 p2q2
= cos
 cosec1
1
 sec1
1
= 2 tan1x
2a 1  b2
xy x2 y2 x2y2 1 + a2 1 + b2
ev, pq  cos = 1  p2  q2 + p2q2
2x 1  y2
x2y2 xy x2 y2 x2y2 [‹ f(x) = 2 ‰es g(y) = ]
ev, p2q2  2.pq.cos + cos2 = 1  p2  q2 + p2q2 [eMÆ KGi] 1+x 1 + y2
2 2
1 + a 1 + b
x2y2 x2 y2 x2y2 xy  cosec1  sec1 = 2 tan1x
ev, p2q2 + p2 + q2  p2q2  2.pq.cos = 1  cos2 2a 1  b2
2
2a 1 1  b
x2 y2 2xy  sin1 2  cos = 2 tan1x
 2+ 2 cos = sin2 (cÉgvwYZ) 1+a 1 + b2
p q pq  2 tan1a  2 tan1b = 2 tan1x
M
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = secx  tan1x = tan1a  tan1b
 f(3x) = sec3x ab ab
 tan1x = tan1
1 + ab
x=
1 + ab
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
‰es f(x).f(3x) + 2 = 0
 secx.sec3x + 2 = 0 M
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, g(x) = sinx
1 1 cÉ`î mgxKiY, 2g (  x) g (3x) = 1
ev, cosx . cos 3x =  2 ev, 2 sin (  x) sin (3x) = 1 ev, 2 sinx sin3x = 1
1 ev, cos2x  cos4x = 1 ev, cos2x  (1 + cos4x) = 0
ev, cosx.cos3x =  2
ev, cos2x  2cos22x = 0  cos2x (1  2cos2x) = 0
ev, 2 cos3x. cosx =  1 cos2x = 0 nGj, 2x = (2n + 1) , n  Ù

ev, cos(3x + x) + cos(3x  x) =  1 2

ev, cos4x + cos2x =  1  x = (2n + 1)
4
ev, cos4x + 1 + cos2x = 0 1 
1  2cos2x = 0 nGj, cos2x = = cos
ev, cos2.2x + 1 + cos2x = 0 2 3
ev, 2 cos22x + cos2x = 0 
 2x = 2n  A^Ævr, x = n 

 cos2x(2 cos2x + 1) = 0 3 6
 
nq, cos2x = 0 A^ev, 2 cos2x + 1 = 0  x = (2n + 1) , n 
4 6
 1
 2x = (2n + 1)
2
ev, cos2x =  2   
n = 0 nGj, x = , , 
4 6 6
 2
 x = (2n + 1)
4
ev, cos2x = cos 3 3 5 7
n = 1 nGj, x = , ,
4 6 6
2 5 13 11
 2x = 2n 
3 n = 2 nGj, x = , ,
4 6 6
 7 19 17
 x = n 
3 n = 3 nGj, x = , ,
4 6 6
 wbGYÆq mvaviY mgvavb:  cÉ`î 0  x  2 mxgvi gGaÅ wbGYÆq mgvavb:
    3 5 7 5 11 7
x = (2n + 1) , n  ; n  Ù (Ans.) x= , , , , , ,
6 4 4 6 6 4 6 4
, (Ans.)
4 3
40 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

cÉk
² 43 M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, g(x) = cotx

 3
`†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2: g(x) = cotx. ‰es g2  .g 2  2 = 1, 0    
12 13  3
ev, cot2  .cot  2  2 = 1

5 ev, tan.tan2 = 1 ... ... ... (i)
K. tan 4 I tan
1
3
1
‰i mgwÓ¡ wbYÆq Ki| 2 sin.sin 2
ev, cos.cos 2 = 1 ev, cos.cos2 = sin.sin2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK cÉgvY Ki ˆh,
3 29 ev, cos 2. cos  sin2. sin = 0
 + sin1 = cot1 2 + cot1 . 4
5 28 ev, cos(2 + ) = 0
 3
M. mgvavb Ki: g2   . g 2  2 = 1, 0     4 ev, 3 = (2n + 1) 2


wkLbdj- 1 I 4 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 4] 

  = (2n + 1) 6 ; ˆhLvGb n-‰i gvb kƒbÅ A^ev ˆhGKvGbv
43 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
5 12 + 5 cƒYÆ msLÅv|
4+
5 3 3 17 
K
 1
tan 4 + tan
3
1
= tan1
5
= tan 1
3  20
= tan1
 17
n=0 nGj  = 6
14
3 3   
n=1 nGj  = 3.6 = 2 hv MÉnYGhvMÅ bq| KviY  = 2 ‰i
3 3
= tan1( 1) = tan1(tan ) = (Ans.)
4 4 RbÅ (i) bs mZÅ bq|
12 12 5
L
 `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ ewYÆZ wPòvbymvGi sin = 13   = sin1 13 n=2 nGj  = 6
1 1 12
awi, 2  = 2 sin1 13 =  ... ... ... (i) n=3
7
nGj  = 6 > 
5 5
ev, cos1 13 = 2 ev, cos2 = 13 wbw`ÆÓ¡ eÅewaGZ wbGYÆq mgvavb: 6 , 6
 5

1  tan2 5 13
ev, 1 + tan2 = 13 12
1 1
² 44 `†kÅK͸-1: f(a) = sec1a + sec1b
cÉk

ev, 5 + 5 tan2 = 13  13 tan2
8
 = 2
`†kÅK͸-2: g() = sin( cos)  cos( sin).
ev, 18 tan  = 8 ev, tan  = 18
2 2
5 1
K. cot sin1  ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2
4 2 2  5
ev, tan2= 9 ev, tan = 3 ev,  = tan1 3 L. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ hw` g() = 0 nq ZGe ˆ`LvI ˆh,
1 12 2 1 3
 2 sin1 13 = tan1 3 [(i) bs nGZ] =
2
sin1 .
4
4
1
evgcÞ = 2  + sin1 5
3 M. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ f(a) =  nGj cÉgvY Ki ˆh,
5
3
sin = a2 + b2  2ab cos . 4
1 1 12 1 3
= sin + sin
2 13 5
2 3 4 wkLbdj- 1 [PUMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 4]
= tan1 + tan1
3 4
2 3
+
8+9 44 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
3 4 12 1
= tan1
2 3
= tan1
1 K
 cot sin 1 
1  1  5 5
1
3 4 2
= cot . cot12
17 = 2 (Ans.) 2
1 12 17
= tan
1
= tan1
6
L
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = sinx
g(x) = cosx
2
 f(g(x)) = sin(cosx)
29 1 28
WvbcÞ = cot12 + cot1 28 = tan1 2 + tan1 29 ‰es g(f(x)) = cos(sinx)
1 28 29 + 56 ˆhGnZz, f(g(x) = g(f(x))
+  sin(cosx) = cos(sinx)
2 29 58
= tan1 = tan1 
1 28 58  28
1 
2 29
ev, sin(cosx) = sin 2  sin x
58  
1 85 1 17
 1
= tan = tan ev, cosx = 2  sinx ev, cosx = 2  sinx
30 6
1 3 29 1 1
 2  + sin1 5 = cot12 + cot1 28 (cÉgvwYZ) ev, cosx  sin x = 2 ev, (cosx  sin x)2 = 4 [eMÆ KGi]
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 41
1  
1
ev, cos2x + sin2x  2cosx sinx = 4 ev, 1  sin2x = ev, tan x = – 1 = tan – 4  x = n – 4 , n  Ù
4
A^ev, cos x – sin x = sin 2x ev, (cos x – sin x)2 = sin2 2x
3  3 ev, 1 – sin 2x = sin2 2x ev, sin2 2x + sin 2x – 1 = 0
ev, sin2x =  4 ev, 2x = sin1   
 4 –1 1+4 1
ev, sin 2x = 2
= (– 1  5)
2
1 3
 x =  sin1
2 4
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) 1
A^Ævr, sin 2x = 2 (– 1 + 5) = sin , KviY mvBb
1 1
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(a) = sec1 a + sec1b ‰es f(a) = 
 AbycvGZi gvb 1 AGcÞv Þz`ËZi nGZ cvGi bv|
1 1  2x = n + (– 1)n, ˆhLvGb n = 0 A^ev n = 4m  1, m  Ù
myZivs sec1 a + sec1 b =  1 1 1
ev, x = 2 n + (– 1)n 2 ; hLb, sin  = 2 ( – 1 + 5)
ev, cos1 a + cos1 b = 
 n 
ev, cos1 {ab  (1  a2) (1  b2)} =   wbGYÆq mgvavb: x = n  , + (1)n ,
4 2 2
ev, ab  (1  a2) (1  b2) = cos 51
ev, ab  cos = (1  a2) (1  b2) hLb sin = 2 ‰es n ‰i gvb kƒbÅ A^ev ˆhGKvGbv cƒYÆ
ev, a2b2  2ab cos + cos2 = 1  a2  b2 + a2b2 msLÅv| (Ans.)
ev,  2ab cos = 1  cos2  a2  b2
ev, a2 + b2  2ab cos = sin2 cÉk
² 46 f(x) = sin1x ‰es g(x) = cosx.
 sin = a2 + b2  2ab cos (cÉgvwYZ) 1 1
K. tan1 2 + tan1 3 ‰i gvb KZ? 2
cÉk
² 45 f(x) = tanx. 
L. f  2g 2   + f { g(2)} ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
5  5  
K. ˆ`LvI ˆh, tan 1
=  cos1 . 2 
3 2 34 M. mgvavb Ki: 3g(x) + g2 + x = 1
L. cÉgvY Ki ˆh, tan {(2 + 3) f(x)} + tan {(2  3)
1 1
hLb  2 < x < 2. 4
f(x)} = tan1 {2 f(2x)}. 4 wkLbdj- 1 I 4 [hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 4]

M. mgvavb Ki : f 2  2x = cosx + sinx. 4 46 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
wkLbdj- 1 I 3 [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 4] 1
K tan1 2 + tan1 3

1
45 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
5 1 1 3+2 5
K awi, cos1
 = +
2 3 6 6
34 = tan1
= tan -1
= tan 1
5 34 34  25 11 61 5
  = cot1 = 9=3 1 .
23 6 6
3
5 5 
 cos1 = cot1 5 
34 3 = tan1(1) = (Ans.)
4
 5 5 
 WvbcÞ =  cot1 = tan1 ‹ tan1x + cot1 x =  L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = sin1x ‰es g(x) = cosx

2 3 3  2
= evgcÞ 
5  5 cÉ`î ivwk = f  2 g2   + f{ g(2)}
 tan1 =  cos1 (cÉgvwYZ)  
3 2 34   
L
 evgcÞ = tan1 {(2 + 3) tanx} + tan1 {(2  3) tanx} = f  2 cos    + f{ cos2}
 2 
(2 + 3) tanx + (2  3) tanx
= tan1 = f( 2 sin) + sin1 ( cos2)
1  (2 + 3) tanx . (2  3) tanx
2 tanx + 3 tanx + 2 tanx  3 tanx = sin1( 2 sin) + sin1( cos2)
= tan1
1  (4  3)tan2x
= sin1{ 2 sin 1  cos2 + cos2. 1  2 sin2}
4 tanx  2 tanx 
= tan1 = tan12 . 2 
1  tan2x  1  tan x = sin1{ 2 sin  2 sin + cos2. cos2}
= tan {2tan(2x)} = WvbcÞ
1
1 2
= sin {2 sin  + cos2}
 tan1 {(2 + 3) tanx} + tan1 {(2 3) tanx}

= tan1 {2tan(2x)} (cÉgvwYZ) = sin1 {2 sin2 + 1  2 sin2} = sin 1 1 = (Ans.)
2
 
M
 f   2x = cosx + sinx ev, tan  2x = cosx + sinx
2  2  
M 3g(x) + g2 + x = 1 hLb  2 < x < 2

cos 2x
ev, cot2x = cosx + sinx ev, sin 2x = cos x + sin x

ev, (cos2x – sin2x) – 2 sinx cos x (cos x + sin x) = 0 ev, 3 cosx + cos2 + x = 1 ev, 3 cosx  sinx = 1
2 2
 cos 2x = cos x  sin x  3 1 1   1
 sin2x = 2 sinx cosx  ev, 2 cosx  2 sin x = 2 ev, cosx cos 6  sinx sin 6 = 2
ev, (cos x + sin x) (cos x – sin x – 2 sin x cosx) = 0
 nq, cos x + sin x = 0
42 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
    11
ev, cos x + 6 = cos 3 ev, x + 6 = 2n  3 6 2
= tan–1 – cot–1
  2 11
 x = 2n   ; n ‰i gvb kƒbÅ A^ev ˆhGKvGbv cƒYÆmsLÅv| 6
3 6
   –1 11 11
‘+’ wbGq, x = 2n +  = 2n + = tan  tan–1
3 6 6 2 2
  = 0 = WvbcÞ
n = 0 nGj, x = 0 + =
6 6 4 2 2
 sin–1 + cos–1  cot1 = 0 (cÉgvwYZ)
 13 5 5 11
n = 1 nGj, x = 2 + = > 2
6 6 M
 4(sin2 + cos) = 5; –2 <  < 2
  11 ev, 4 sin2 + 4 cos  5 = 0
n =  1 nGj, x =  2 + =
6 6
ev, 4 – 4 cos2 + 4 cos  5 = 0
  23
n =  2 nGj, x =  4 + = <  2 ev, 4 cos2  4 cos + 1 = 0
6 6
   ev, (2 cos  1)2 = 0 ev, 2 cos  1 = 0
‘’ wbGq, x = 2n   = 2n  1 
3 6 2 ev, cos = 2 = cos 3

n = 0 nGj, x =  
2   = 2n  ; hLb n ‰i gvb kƒbÅ
3
 3
n = 1 nGj, x = 2  = ev AbÅ ˆhGKvGbv cƒYÆ msLÅv|
2 2

 7 n = 0 nGj,  = 
n = 2 nGj, x = 4  = > 2 3
2 2
5 7
  5 n = 1 nGj,  = ,
n =  1 nGj, x =  2  = <  2 3 3
2 2
5 7
11    3 n = 1 nGj,  =  ,
 cÉ`î kZÆvbymvGi wbGYÆq mgvavb, x =  6 , 2 , 6, 2 3 3
 5
4  wbw`ÆÓ¡ eÅewaGZ  ‰i gvbmgƒn :  3 ,  3
² 47 `†kÅK͸-1 : sin
cÉk
 1
( ) + cos
5
1  2   cot1 ( ) 2
11
 5 cÉk
² 48 f(x) = tanx
`†kÅK͸-2 : 4(sin  + cos) = 5,  2 <  < 2
2
3
K. cÉgvY Ki ˆh, 2 sin1 x = sin1 (2x 1  x2) 2 K. cot1 cos cosec1 2
‰i gyLÅ gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4 L. DóxcGK DGÍÏwLZ f(x) ‰i RbÅ f 1(x) + f 1(y) = 
nGj
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ ewYÆZ mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4 cÉgvY Ki ˆh, cÉvµ¦ mçvic^wU ‰KwU mijGiLv wbG`Æk KGi
[XvKv, w`bvRcyi, wmGjU I hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2018  cÉk² bs 4] hvi Xvj  1 nGe| 4
47 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb M. {f(x)}2 + f(x) = 3f(x) nGj weGkl mgvavb wbYÆq Ki hLb
K
 gGb Kwi, sin1x = A 0  x  2. 4
 sinA = x [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 4]
‰es cosA = 1  sin2A = 1  x2 48 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
‰Lb, sin2A = 2sinAcosA = 2x 1  x2 3
K cot1 cos cosec1
 2
 2A = sin1 (2x 1  x2 ) 1 3
= cot1 cos cos1 2
myZivs, 2sin1x = sin1 (2x 1  x2 ) (cÉgvwYZ) 3
4 2 2 1 
L
 evgcÞ = sin–1 5 + cos–1  cot1 = cot1 = (Ans.) 1
5 11 3 3

= tan –1 4 –11
+ tan – cot –1 2
[wPò 1 I 2 nGZ] L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = tanx

3 2 11
 f 1(x) = tan1x ‰es f 1(y) = tan1y
4 1 cÉkg² GZ, tan1x + tan1y = 
+ 4 5 x+y
= tan–1
3 2
– cot–1
2 ev, tan1 1  xy = 
4 1 11
1– . x+y
3 2 3 ev, 1  xy = tan
8+3 wPò-1
x+y
6 2 ev, 1  xy = 0
= tan–1 – cot–1
6–4 11
6 1 5 ev, x + y = 0
 y=x
2
AZ‰e, cÉvµ¦ mçvic^wU ‰KwU mijGiLv wbG`Æk KGi ‰es
mijGiLvwUi Xvj  1 (cÉgvwYZ)
wPò-2
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 43
M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, f(x) = tanx
 2 P–1 2 P–1
d
ev, P
= cos0 ev, P
=1
 f (x) = (tanx) = sec2x
dx
ev, 2 P–1=P
cÉ`î mgxKiY, {f(x)}2 + f(x) = 3 f(x)
ev, 4(P – 1) = P2
ev, tan2x + sec2x = 3 tanx
ev, tan2x + 1 + tan2x  3 tanx = 0 ev, P2 – 4P + 4 = 0

ev, 2 tan2x  3 tanx + 1 = 0 ev, P2 – 2. P. 2 + 22 = 0

ev, 2 tan2x  2 tanx  tanx + 1 = 0 ev, (P – 2)2 = 0 ev, P – 2 = 0
ev, 2 tanx (tanx  1)  1(tanx  1) = 0 ev, 2
x –y +1–2=0 2

ev, (2 tanx  1) (tanx  1) = 0

 x – y2 = 1 (ˆ`LvGbv
2
nGjv)
nq, 2 tanx  1 = 0 A^ev, tanx  1 = 0
ev, tanx = 2
1
ev, tanx = 1 M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, A = cos,

B = sin,
1 
 x = n + tan1 ()
2
ev, tanx = tan 4 C = cos2,
D = sin2

 x = n + , hLb n  Ù  A+B=C+D
4
ev, cos + sin = cos2 + sin2
n=0 (1) 
nGj, x = tan1 2 , 4
ev, cos  cos2  (sin2  sin) = 0
1  5
n = 1 nGj, x =  + tan ( ) ‰es x =  + =
1 3  3
ev, 2 sin 2 . sin 2  2 cos 2 . sin 2 = 0

2 4 4
1
n = 2 nGj, x = 2 + tan ( ) 1  3
ev, 2 sin 2 sin 2  cos 2  = 0
3
2
 9
‰es x = 2 + 4 = 4 > 2  sin
3
 cos
3
=0 A^ev, 2 sin 2 = 0

2 2
wbw`ÆÓ¡ mxgvi gGaÅ mgvavbmgƒn, 3 3 
1 1  5 ev, sin 2 = cos 2 ev, sin 2 = 0
tan1 () 2
,  + tan1 () , ,
2 4 4
(Ans.)
3 
ev, tan 2 = 1 ev, 2 = n
cÉk
² 49 A = cos, B = sin, C = cos2, D = sin2.
3 
K. gvb wbYÆq Ki : tan1 sin cos1
2
. 2 ev, tan 2 = tan 4 ev,  = 2n
3
3 
L. A + 3B = 2 nGj mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4 ev, 2 = n + 4

M. A + B = C + D nGj, mgxKiYwUi 0 2 eÅewaGZ mgvavb 2 
ev,  = 3 n + 4
AvGQ wKbv hvPvB Ki| 4
[w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 1] n ‰i gvb kƒbÅ A^ev ˆhGKvGbv cƒYÆ msLÅv|
49 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 
n=0 nGj,  = 6 , 0
2
K tan1 sin cos1
 3 n=1 nGj,  = 6 , 2
5
3
1
= tan1 sin sin1 1 3
3 n=2 nGj,  = 2 , 4
1
= tan1 = 30 (Ans.) 2 
3  wbw`ÆÓ¡ mxgvi gGaÅ mgvavb we`Ågvb ‰es  = 0, 6 (Ans.)
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,

4
cos– 1sin 2tan– 1cot cosec– 1 P = 0 cÉk
² 50 f(x) = sinx, g(x) = cosx, sin = 5
ev, cos– 1sin 2tan– 1cotcot– 1 P – 1 = 0
3
ev, cos– 1sin 2tan– 1 P – 1 = 0 K. cosec– 1 5 + sec– 1 ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2
10
2 P–1
ev, cos– 1sinsin– 1 =0 L. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK cÉgvY Ki ˆh,
1 + ( P – 1)2
1 1
2 P–1 sec– 1 5 +  – sin– 1 = tan– 12. 4
ev, cos– 1 1 + P – 1 = 0 P
2 5
1
2 P–1 M. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK mgvavb Ki: 3 g(x) + f(x) = 3. 4
ev, cos– 1 =0
P P–1 [KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 4 ]
44 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
50 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb cÉk
² 51 f(x) = cot−1 y − tan−1 x ............... (i)
3
K cosec– 1 5 + sec– 1
 cos − cos9 = sin5 ................ (ii)
10 x
K. sin 3 ‰i chÆvqKvj KZ? 2

5 1
3
L. f(x) = 6 nGj cÉgvY Ki ˆh, x + y + 3xy = 3 4
M. DóxcK-2 ‰i mvaviY mgvavb wbYÆq Ki| 4
2 10 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 4]
51 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
3 K Avgiv Rvwb, sinx ‰i chÆvqKvj 2

‰LvGb, sec –1
ˆK chÆvGjvPbv KGi ˆ`Lv hvq f„wg 10 I
10 x 2
 sin ‰i chÆvqKvj = 1 = 6 (Ans.)
AwZfzR 3| wK¯§ fzwg KLGbv AwZfzGRi ˆPGq eo nGZ cvGi 3
3
bv| ZvB cÉ`î ivwki gvb wbYÆqGhvMÅ bq|

1 4 1 L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cot y  tan x = 6
 1 1

L
 evgcÞ = sec –1
5 + sin– 1 – sin– 1
2 5 1 
5 ev, tan1 y  tan1x = 6
1
5 x
5 2 1 y 
ev, tan1
1
=
6
1 + .x
y
1 2
wPò-1 1  xy
wPò-2
y  1  xy 1
1 4 1 ev, y+x
= tan
6
ev, x + y =
= tan– 12 + sin– 1 – tan– 1 [wPò 1 I 2 nGZ] 3
2 5 2 y
1 4 1 1 ev, x + y = 3  3xy
= tan– 12 + sin– 1 – . 2 tan– 1
2 5 2 2  x + y + 3xy = 3 (cÉgvwYZ)
1
1 4 1 2
2. M cos  cos9 = sin5

= tan 2 + sin– 1 – sin– 1
–1
ev, 2 sin5 sin4 = sin5
2 5 2 1 2
1+  ev, sin5 (2 sin4  1) = 0
2
1 4 1 1 nq, sin5 = 0 A^ev, 2 sin4  1 = 0
= tan– 12 + sin– 1 – sin– 1 ev, 5 = n ev, 2 sin4 = 1
2 5 2 1
1+ n 1 
4  = ev, sin4 = 2 = sin 6
5
1 4 1 1
= tan– 12 + sin– 1 – sin– 1 
2 5 2 5 ev, 4 = n + ( 1)n 6
4
n 
1 4 1 4  =+ ( 1)n
= tan– 12 + sin– 1 – sin– 1 = tan– 12 = WvbcÞ 4 24
2 5 2 5 n n 
 wbGYÆq mgvavb, = ,
5 4
+ ( 1)n ; hLb n ‰i
24
gvb
1 4 1
 sec
–1
5 + sin1  sin1 = tan– 12 (cÉgvwYZ)
2 5 5 kƒbÅ A^ev AbÅ ˆhGKvGbv cƒYÆ msLÅv|
M sinx + 3 cosx = 3
 cÉk
² 52 C P
1 3 3
ev, 2 sinx + 2 cosx = 2 r r
y

[DfqcÞGK [ 12 + ( 3)2 = 2 «¼viv fvM KGi] B R

A x Q
  3
ev, sinx sin + cosx cos =
6 6 2 y x2 − y2
 
ev, cosx  6 = cos 6

 x  = 2n 
 (
K. ˆ`LvI ˆh, cos 2 tan−1 x = x2 + y2 ) 2
6 6 L. DóxcGK A + P =  nGj cÉgvY Ki ˆh,
  x2 − 2xy cos + y2 = r2 sin2 4
 x = 2n +  r
6 6
M. f() = nGj −   x   eÅewaGZ f(2)
x
 f() = 2

 x = 2n, (6n + 1) ; hLb x ‰i gvb kƒbÅ A^ev AbÅ ˆhGKvGbv mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
3
cƒYÆ msLÅv| [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 4]
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 45
52 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb ‰Lb, cos 2 = 0
5 
Avevi, cos 2 = 0
y
K evgcÞ = cos
 ( 2 tan−1
x) 5
ev, 2 = (2n + 1) 2
 
ev, 2 = (2n + 1) 2

y
1−( )
2
x 1 − x2   = (2n + 1)

  = (2n + 1) 
= cos cos−1 [‹ 2 tan−1 x = cos−1 ] 5
y 1 + x2
1+( )
2
x 
n=0 nGj,  = 5 , 
x2 − y2
x2 x2 − y2 3
= 2 =
x + y2 x2 + y2 n = 1 nGj,  = , 3
5
x2

= WvbcÞ (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) n=1 nGj,  =  5 ,  
x 3
L DóxcGKi wPò nGZ, cosA = r
 n=2 nGj,  =  5 ,  3
x
 A = cos−1
r  wbw`ÆÓ¡ mxgvi gGaÅ wbGYÆq mgvavb,
y   3 3
‰es cosP = r =
5
, ,  , 
5 5
,  ,
5
(Ans.)

y
 P = cos−1 6
r ² 53 `†kÅK͸-1 : cot − tan = 5
cÉk
x y
cÉkg² GZ, cos−1 r + cos−1 r =  `†kÅK͸-2 : 2 sin2 + 2 (sin + cos) + 1 = 0
xy 2 2  K. cÉgvY Ki ˆh, tan−1 (cot3x) + tan−1 (− cot5x) = 2x 2
ev, cos−1  r2 −
 (1 − xr ) (1 − yr ) = 2 2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cÉgvY Ki
1
ˆh,  = 2 sin−1
5
4
xy x y 2 2 34
ev, r − (1 − r ) (1 − r ) = cos
2 2 2
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ ewYÆZ mgxKiYwUi mvaviY mgvavb wbYÆq Ki| 4
[hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 4]
2 2 2 2
ev, ( r − cos) =  (1 − r ) (1 − r ) 
xy x y
2 2 2
  53 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
2 2 2 2
xy xy x y
ev, r − 2. r cos + cos  = (1 − r ) (1 − r )
4 2
2
2 2 K ‰LvGb, tan (cot 3x) + tan−1 (− cot 5x)
 −1

x2y2 xy y2 x2 x2y2  
ev, r4 − 2. r2 cos + cos2 = 1 − r2 − r2 + r4 = tan−1 tan  − 3x − tan−1 tan  − 5x
2  2 
x2 y2 2xy  
ev, r2 + r2 − r2 cos = 1 − cos2 =
2
− 3x − + 5x = 2x
2
x2 y2 2xy  tan−1 (cot 3x) + tan−1 (−cot 5x) = 2x (cÉgvwYZ)
ev, r2 + r2  r2 cos = sin2
6
 x2 + y2 − 2xy cos = r2 sin2 (cÉgvwYZ) L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cot − tan = 5

M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,
 cos sin 6
r ev, sin − cos = 5
f() = = sec
x
cos2 − sin2 6
 f(2) = sec2 ev, sin cos = 5
cÉkg² GZ, f(2) − f() = 2
ev, 5 (cos2 − sin2) = 6 sin cos
ev, sec 2 − sec = 2
1 1 ev, 5 cos2 = 3 sin2
ev, cos 2 − cos = 2 sin 2 5
34
ev, cos 2 = 3 2
5
cos − cos 2
ev, cos 2 . cos = 2 5 3
ev, tan 2 = 3
ev, cos − cos 2 = 2 cos2 . cos
ev, cos  cos2 = cos + cos (2 + ) 5
ev, sin 2 =
34
ev, cos3 + cos2 = 0
5
ev, 2 cos
3 + 2
cos
3  2
=0
ev, 2 = sin−1
2 2 34
1 5
5 
ev, cos 2 cos 2 = 0   = sin−1
2
(cÉgvwYZ)
34
46 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
M 2 sin2 + 2 (sin + cos) + 1 = 0
 x ‰i wewf®² gvGbi RbÅ cÉwZmãx y ‰i gvbàGjv wbYÆq Kwi|
ev, 2 . 2 sin cos + 2 sin + 2 cos + 1 = 0 x –1 – 0.75 – 0.5 – 0.25 0 0.25 0.5 0.75 1

ev, 2 sin (2cos + 1) + 1 (2 cos + 1) = 0 y=

1 –1
sin x – 45 – 24.29 – 15 – 7.24 0 7.24 15 24.29 45
2
ev, (2 sin + 1) (2 cos + 1) = 0
QK KvMGRi x AÞ eivei 10 Ni = 1 ‰KK ‰es y AÞ
nq, 2 sin + 1 = 0 A^ev 2 cos + 1 = 0
1 7 1 2
eivei 1 Þz`ËZg Ni = 5 ‰KK aGi cÉvµ¦ x I y ‰i gvbàwj
ev, sin = − 2 = sin 6 ev, cos = − 2 = cos 3
1
ewmGq y = 2 sin– 1x ‰i ˆjLwPò cvIqv hvq|
7
  = n + (−1)n
6 Y
2 (1, 45)
  = 2n  ,
3
ˆhLvGb n-‰i gvb kƒbÅ ev ˆhGKvGbv
cƒYÆmsLÅv| (0.75, 24.29)
(0.5, 15)
cÉk
² 54 g(x) = p sin– 1x; h(x) = cosx. O (0.25, 7.24)
X (–0.25, –7.24) (0, 0) X
5 1 3
K. cÉgvY Ki ˆh, sec– 1 2 + tan– 1 2 = cot–1 4 2 (– 0.5, – 15)

(– 0.75, – 24.29)
1
L. g(x) ‰i ˆjLwPò Aâb Ki, hLb p = , – 1  x  1.
2
4
(– 1, – 45)
M. 2{h(x)} + {h(2x)} = 2 mgxKiYwUi mvaviY mgvavb
2 2 Y

wbYÆq Ki| 4
[ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 4] M ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, h(x) = cosx

54 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb  h(2x) = cos2x
5 1
K
 evgcÞ = sec– 1 2
+ tan– 1
2
cÉ`î mgxKiY,
1 1 2{h(x)}2 + {h(2x)}2 = 2
= tan– 1 + tan– 1
2 2 ev, 2 cos2x + cos22x = 2
5
1 1
= 2 tan– 1 ev, 1 + cos2x + cos22x – 2 = 0
2
1 2
2. 5 1
ev, cos22x + cos 2x  1 = 0
2 –1
= tan–1
= tan– 1  sec
2 2
1 2 – 1  12 – 4 . 1 . (– 1)
1–  ev, cos2x =
 2 2.1
1
= tan– 1 –1 5
1 =
1– 2
4
1 –1– 5
= tan– 1 wK¯§, 2
MÉnYGhvMÅ bq| ˆKbbv Zv – 1 AGcÞv ˆQvU
3
4
gvb ‰es cos ‰i mxgv – 1 nGZ 1 chƯ¦|
4 3
= tan–1 = cot– 1 = WvbcÞ
3 4 –1+ 5
 cos 2x =
2
5 1 3
 sec– 1 + tan– 1 = cot– 1 (cÉgvwYZ)
2 2 4 –1+ 5
ev, cos 2x = cos [awi,  = cos– 1 2 ]
1
L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,
 p=
2
ev, 2x = 2n   .
1
‰es g(x) = p sin x = sin– 1x
2
–1

 x = n 
2
ˆhLvGb – 1  x  1.
–1+ 5
1
awi, y = 2 sin– 1x. ˆhLvGb  = cos– 1 2  ‰es n  Ù (Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 47

AÓ¡g AaÅvq: wÕ©wZwe`Åv

cÉk
² 30 M
 10 N

`†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2: P P A 20 cm
A
10 N B
8 cm
P1 20 cm
A B
O 5N 15 N

P2 15 N A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ 15N I 10N gvGbi eGji jwº¬ 5 N ej

P3
B C P we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ|
K. eGji jÁ¼vsk ‰i msæv `vI| 2  15. AP = 10. BP = 10 (AP + AB)
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK O, ABC wòfzGRi A¯¦tGK±`Ê ‰es ev, 15AP = 10 (20 + AP) ev, 15AP = 10AP + 200
ejòq mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKGj ˆ`LvI ˆh, ev, 5AP = 200  AP = 40 cm
P 21 : P 22 : P 23 = (1 + cosA) : (1 + cosB) : (1 + cosC). 4 Avevi, A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ eGji mvG^ k cwigvY ej ˆhvM
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK ej«¼Gqi cÉGZÅGKi mvG^ KiGj (15 + k) N I (10 + k) N eGji jwº¬ P we±`y nGZ 8cm
mgcwigvY KZ ej ˆhvM KiGj bZzb jwº¬ cƒGeÆi jwº¬ ˆ^GK `ƒGi P we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ|
 (15 + k). AP = (10 + k). BP
8cm `ƒGi mGi hvGe? 4
wkLbdj- 5, 9, 10 I 11 [XvKv ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 8] ev, (15 + k) (AP + PP) = (10 + k) (AB + AP + PP)
ev, (15 + k). 48 = (10 + k) 68
30 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb ev, 720 + 48k = 680 + 68k
K ˆKvb wbw`ÆÓ¡ ejGK hw` ciÕ·i jÁ¼ `ywU ˆiLv eivei wKÌqvkxj
 ev, 20k = 40  k = 2
`ywU eGji AsGk wefÚ Kiv nq ZGe Ask `ywUi cÉwZwU H
 Dfq eGji mvG^ 2N ej ˆhvM KiGj jwº¬ 8cm `ƒGi mGi
wbw`ÆÓ¡ eGji jÁ¼vsk|
hvGe| (Ans.)
L ABC ‰i A¯¦tGK±`Ê O
 A

we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ P1, P2 ‰es cÉk

 ² 31 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KwU KuvVvj MvGQi wZbwU WvGji A, B, C
A
P3 ejòq mvgÅveÕ©vq A 2 we±`yGZ h^vKÌGg 8kg, 7kg I 5kg IRGbi wZbwU KuvVvj SzjGQ|
^vKvq jvwgi Dccv`Å 2 P 1 `†kÅK͸-2: AB = 15 wgUvi Š`NÆÅwewkÓ¡ ‰KwU nvjKv ZÚv `yBwU
AbymvGi, B
OO
P C
LuywUi Dci Abyf„wgKfvGe AewÕ©Z| A I B cÉvG¯¦ h^vKÌGg 24kg
2 3

B
P P
2 2
PC 3
2 I 32kg IRGbi `yBRb evjK SzjGQ|
B
2 2
C K. 3N, 7N I 5N ejòq ‰KwU eÕ§i Dci wKÌqv KGi fvimvgÅ
P1 P2 P3 m†wÓ¡ KiGj 3N I 5N ej«¼Gqi gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY wbYÆq Ki| 2
= =
sin BOC sin AOC Sin AOB
P1 P2 P3
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ KuvVvjàGjvi IRGbi jwº¬ ABC wòfzGRi
ev, B C
=
A C
=
A B jÁ¼we±`yMvgx nGj ˆ`LvI ˆh, cosA : cosB : cosC
sin     sin     sin     = 35 : 50 : 28 ˆhLvGb a = 4, b = 5, c = 2. 4
 2 2  2 2  2 2
P1 P2 P3 M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ LuywU `yBwUi gaÅeZÆx `ƒiZ½ AB ‰i
ev, B+C
=
A+C
=
A+B ‰K-Z‡Zxqvsk nGj LuywU `yBwUi AeÕ©vb wbYÆq Ki| 4
sin    sin   2  sin   2 
 2      wkLbdj- 4, 9 I 11 [gqgbwmsn ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 8]
P1 P2 P3 31 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev,   A
=
  B
=
sin    sin    sin     C K
 awi, 3N I 5N ej«¼Gqi gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY 
 2   2   2 
[ A + B + C = ] ‰Lb, 3N, 7N I 5N ejòq mvgÅeÕ©v m†wÓ¡ KiGj, 3N I 5N
P1 P2 P3 ej«¼Gqi jwº¬i gvb 7N.
ev,  A
=
 B
=
 C kZÆgGZ,
sin  +  sin  +  sin  + 
2 2  2 2  2 2  32 + 52 + 2.3.5 cos = 7 [ ejòq fvimvgÅ m†wÓ¡ KGi]
2 2 2
P P P P P P ev, 9 + 25 + 30cos = 49 ev, 30cos = 15
ev, 1A = 2B = 3C ev, 1 A = 2 B = 3 C 15 1 1
cos
2
cos
2
cos
2
cos 2
2
cos 2
2
cos 2
2
ev, cos = 30 ev, cos = 2   = cos– 1 2 = 60 (Ans.)
A
P21 P22 P23 L

ev, 1 1
= =
1 P
(1 + cosA) (1 + cosB) (1 + cosC) O
2 2 2
2 2 2
P1 P2 P3
ev, 1 + cosA = =
1 + cosB 1 + cosC
  P21 : P22 : P23 = (1 + cosA) : (1 + cosB) : (1 + cosC) B C
D
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) Q Q+R R
48 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
gGb Kwi, ABC ‰i jÁ¼we±`y O ‰es ewaÆZ AO, BC ˆK D  cÉk
² 32 ‰KwU we±`yGZ  ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ P I Q (P > Q) gvGbi
we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGi| ZvnGj, AD  BC. ‰Lb B I C ˆZ ej«¼Gqi e†nîg I Þz`ËZg jwº¬i gvb h^vKÌGg L I M
wKÌqviZ m`†k mgv¯¦ivj ej Q I R ‰i jwº¬ (Q + R) ejwU K. ‰K we±`yGZ 120 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ `yBwU mgvb eGji jwº¬
BC ‰i ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGe| Avevi cÉ`î ejòGqi wbYÆq Ki| 2
L. P ‰i w`K eivei jwº¬i jÁ¼vsGki cwigvY Q nGj, cÉgvY
jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y O ‰es ‰i ‰KwU AskK ej P ‰i wKÌqvwe±`y QP
A eGj, Aci AskK ej (Q + R) ‰i wKÌqvwe±`y AekÅB BC I Ki ˆh,  = cos1 Q 4
AD ‰i ˆQ`we±`y D nGe|  
M. ˆ`LvI ˆh, ej«¼Gqi jwº¬i gvb L cos2 2 + M sin2 2 4
BD CD
Q  BD = R  CD  Q 
AD
=R
AD
 Q cot B = R cotC wkLbdj- 4 I 5 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 7]
Z`Ë‚c cÉgvY Kiv hvq, P cot A = R cot C. 32 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
 P cot A = Q cot B = R cot C ... (i) K awi, `yBwU mgvb ej P ‰es Zv 120 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ

cosA cosB cosC  jwº¬, R = P2 + P2 + 2.P.P cos120
P =Q =R
sinA sinB sinC 1
PcosA QcosB RcosC = P2 + P2 + 2P2 
 = =  2
a/2r b/2r c/2r
= P2 + P2  P2 = P2 = P
ˆhLvGb ABC ‰i cwieÅvmvaÆ r.  jwº¬i gvb ‰KwU eGji mgvb| (Ans.)
PcosA : Q cos B : R cosC = a : b : c L
 gGb Kwi, O we±`yGZ  ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ P I Q
‰LvGb, P = 8kg, Q = 7 kg ‰es R = 5 kg (P > Q) ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ R hv P Q
Avevi a = 4, b = 5 ‰es c = 2 ‰i mvG^  ˆKvY Drc®² KGi|
PcosA QcosB RcosC 8cosA 7cosB 5cosC P ‰i w`K eivei jÁ¼vsk wbGq cvB, R
ZvnGj, a
=
b
=
c
ev, 4 = 5 = 2 Pcos0 + Qcos = Rcos 
cosA 7 35 cosB 25 50 ev, P + Qcos = Q [ Rcos = Q] O 
P
ZvnGj, cosB = 10 = 50 ‰es cosC = 14 = 28 ev, Qcos = Q  P
 cosA : cosB = 35 : 50 ‰es cosB : cosC = 50 : 28 QP QP
ev, cos = Q   = cos1 Q (cÉgvwYZ)
 cosA : cosB : cosC = 35 : 50 : 28 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) M
 P I Q (P > Q) ej«¼Gqi e†nîg I Þz`ËZg jwº¬i gvb h^vKÌGg
M [we.`Ë.: cÉkw² U mÁ·ƒYÆ bq| LyuwU
 2P L I M.
`yBwUi Ici Pvc«¼Gqi gGaÅ ˆKvGbv  e†nîg jwº¬, P + Q = L ... ... (i)
A C O D B
mÁ·KÆ DGÍÏL Kiv bv ^vKGj LyuwU Þz`ËZg jwº¬, P  Q = M ... ... (ii)
(i) I (ii) ˆhvM KGi cvB,
`yBwUi AeÕ©vb wbYÆq Kiv mÁ¿e 24 56 32 L+M
2P = L + M ev, P =
bq| ‰LvGb LyuwU `yBwUi Ici Pvc 2
mgvb aGi mgvavb ˆ`qv nGjv|] (i) ˆ^GK (ii) weGqvM KGi cvB,
LM
15 2Q = L  M ev, Q =
awi ZÚvwU 3 ev 5m eÅeavGb C I D we±`yGZ AewÕ©Z LuywU 2
ˆhGnZz P I Q,  ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ, myZivs jwº¬,
`yBwUi Dci mgvb Pvc«¼q P I P wKÌqv KGi| ZvnGj ‰G`i
R= P2 + Q2 + 2PQcos
jwº¬ 2P, hv CD ‰i gaÅwe±`y O ˆZ wKÌqv KiGe| 2
L  M 2
5 = L +2 M  + + 2.
L + M L  M 
 cos
 OC = OD = m
2
mvgÅveÕ©vi RbÅ 24 I 32 IRb«¼Gqi    2   2  2 
L2 M2 L2 M2
jwº¬ (24 + 32) = 2 +  + 2   cos
4 4  4 4 
A^Ævr 56, AekÅB O ˆZ Lvov wbÁ²w`GK KvhÆiZ nGe|
L2 M2 L2 M2
24  AO = 32  BO = + + cos  cos
2 2 2 2
AO BO AO + BO AB 15 2 2
 = = = = m L M
4 3 4+3 7 7 = (1 + cos) + (1  cos)
2 2
60 45
 AO = m ‰es BO = m L2  M2 
7 7 =  2cos2 +  2sin2
2 2 2 2
60 5 120 – 35 85
 AC = AO – CO =  –  = = m = 6.07m  
 7 2  14 14 = L2cos2 + M2sin2 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
2 2
45 5 90 – 35 55
‰es BD = BO – OD =  7 – 2  = 14 = 14 m = 3.93m  
  [we.`Ë: cÉGk² fzj AvGQ, L cos2
2
+ Msin2 ‰i
2
Õ©Gj
 LuywU `yBwU A I B we±`y ˆ^GK h^vKÌGg 6.07m I 3.93m  
L2 cos2 + M2sin2 nGe|]
`ƒiGZ½ Õ©vwcZ wQj| (Ans.) 2 2
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 49

² 33 DóxcK-1: wZbwU m`†k mgv¯¦ivj ej L, M, N h^vKÌGg

cÉk
 (M + N) ‰i wKÌqvwe±`y AekÅB BC I AD ‰i ˆQ`we±`y D
nGe|
ABC ‰i kxlÆwe±`y A, B, C ˆZ KvhÆiZ ‰es ‰G`i jwº¬
M CD b M N
wòfzRwUi A¯¦tGK±`ÊMvgx|  M.BD = N.CD ev, N = BD = c ev, b = c
DóxcK-2: l Š`NÆÅwewkÓ¡ ‰KwU myZvi ‰K cÉv¯¦ ‰KwU DÍÏÁ¼ L N L M
Abyi…cfvGe cÉgvY Kiv hvq, a = c  a = b = c (cÉgvwYZ)
N
ˆ`qvGj AvUKvGbv| AbÅ cÉv¯¦ 'a' eÅvmvaÆwewkÓ¡ I W IRGbi
‰KwU mylg ˆMvjGKi mvG^ hyÚ AvGQ| M BDE ˆMvjGKi ˆK±`Ê C ‰es ˆMvjKwU B we±`yGZ ˆ`IqvjGK

K. ‰KwU eÕ§i Dci A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ `yBwU m`†k Õ·kÆ KGi| ‰KwU iwk AD ‰i D cÉv¯¦ ˆMvjGKi Ici I A
mgv¯¦ivj ej L I M (L > M) ciÕ·i Õ©vb wewbgq KiGj cÉv¯¦ ˆ`IqvGj AvUKvGbv AvGQ|
jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y AB eivei x `ƒiGZ½ mGi hvq| cÉgvY Ki ˆMvjGKi IRb W ‰i KvhÆGiLv OE, hv DÍÏÁ¼| B we±`yGZ
LM
ˆh, x = L + M AB. 2 cÉwZwKÌqv ej R, BC eivei wKÌqv KGi|
awi, iwki Uvb = T, DA eivei wKÌqvkxj|
L M N
L. DóxcK-1 ‰i mvnvGhÅ cÉgvY Ki ˆh, a = b = c 4 A
w(a + l)
M. DóxcK-2 ‰i mvnvGhÅ ˆ`LvI ˆh, myZvi Uvb = 2 4 T
l + 2al
wkLbdj- 9 I 11 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 8] D
33 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
K gGb Kwi, A I B we±`yGZ h^vKÌGg F I G (F > G) ej«¼q
 R C
B
wKÌqviZ AvGQ| E
F F+G F+G G
W

A C x D B mvgÅveÕ©vi RbÅ AD myZvi UvGbi wKÌqvGiLv DA eivei wKÌqv

ZvnGj, F. AC = G. BC KiGe ‰es C we±`yMvgx nGe| KvGRB, CD ‰es DA ‰KB
ev, F.AC = G(AB  AC) ˆiLv nGe| C we±`yGZ, T, W, R mvgÅveÕ©vq AvGQ|
ev, (F + G) AC = G.AB  jvwgi Dccv`Å ˆ^GK cvB,
G
 AC = . AB ... ... ... (i) T W R
F+G = =
sin W ^ R sin R ^ T sin T ^ W
‰Lb, F I G ej«¼q ciÕ·i Õ©vb wewbgq KiGj A I B
we±`yGZ h^vKÌGg G I F ej«¼q wKÌqv KiGe ‰es gGb Kwi,  2q I 3q AbycvZ wbGq cvB,
ZvG`i jwº¬ D we±`yGZ wKÌqv KGi| R
=
W
ZvnGj, G. AD = F. BD ev, G. AD = F(AB  AD) sin (90 + ACB) sin( – ACB)
F
ev, (F + G) AD = F.AB  AD = F + G . AB ... ... (ii) ev, W = R
‰LvGb, CA = l + r
AB cos ACB
 wbGYÆq `ƒiZ½ x = CD = AD – AC CA AB = (r + l )2  r2
= 2rl + l2
=
F
. AB –
G
.AB [(i) I (ii) bs nGZ] ev, W(l + r)2 = R = R(l + r)
F+G F+G 2rl + l OB r ‰es BC = r
1 OA
= (F – G). AB
F+G Wr
R= (cÉgvwYZ)
FG 2rl + l2
x= .AB (cÉgvwYZ)
F+G
cÉk
L gGb Kwi, ABC ‰i A¯¦tGK±`Ê I ‰es ewaÆZ AI, BC ˆK D 
 ² 34
we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGi| ZvnGj BAC ‰i mgw«¼LíK AD, BC `†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2:
ˆK D we±`yGZ AB : AC AbycvGZ A¯¦weÆfÚ KGi| 10 N
CD AC b A R
 = = 10 cm
A B
BD AB c
15 N Q
c b
L
I
P

B C
K. ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ F gvGbi `yBwU mgvb ej ciÕ·i 120
a D
ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ nGj, ‰G`i jwº¬i gvb I w`K wbYÆq Ki| 2
M M+N N
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i ej `ywUi mvG^ mggvGbi KZ ej ˆhvM
‰Lb B I C wKÌqviZ m`†k mgv¯¦ivj ej M I N ‰i jwº¬ KiGj bZzb jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y 5cm `ƒGi mGi hvGe? 4
(M + N) ejwU BC ‰i ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGe| Avevi M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ Q = 13 N ‰es P I Q ‰i jwº¬ R = 12 N
cÉ`î ejòGqi jwº¬ (L + M + N) ‰i wKÌqvwe±`y I ‰es ‰i nGj, P ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
‰KwU AskK ej L ‰i wKÌqvwe±`y A eGj Aci AskK ej wkLbdj- 4, 9 I 11 [w`bvRcy i ˆevWÆ
- 2021  cÉ
k ² bs 8]
50 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
34 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb cÉk
² 35
K F gvGbi `yBwU mgvb ej ciÕ·i 120 ˆKvGY wKÌqv KGi|
 `†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2:
 jwº¬, R = F2 + F2 + 2F.F cos120 ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ KvhÆiZ Q  R, A
1 Q, Q + R gvGbi ejàGjvi P
= 2F2 + 2F2  = 2F2  F2 = F2 = F w`K ‰KBKÌGg ˆKvGbv mgevü
 2 G
C
wòfzGRi evüàGjvi mgv¯¦ivj|
120 R
ˆhGnZz ej«¼q mgvb jwº¬i w`K, =
2
= 60 B
Q
 jwº¬i gvb F ‰es jwº¬i w`K ˆh ˆKvGbv eGji mvG^ 60 K. gƒj we±`yGZ 5, 8 I 10 ‰KK gvGbi wZbwU ej x-AGÞi
(Ans.) mvG^ h^vKÌGg 0, 60 I 120 ˆKvGY wKÌqv KiGQ| OX
L awi, `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i ej«¼Gqi mvG^ P gvGbi ej ˆhvM KiGj
 eivei ejàGjvi jÁ¼vsGki mgwÓ¡ wbYÆq Ki| 2
jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y 5cm `ƒGi mGi hvGe| L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i ejàGjvi jwº¬ wbYÆq Ki| 4
(10 + P)N M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i m`†kÅ mgv¯¦ivj ej P, Q, R ‰i jwº¬ hw`
10N
ABC wòfzGRi fiGK±`Ê G-ˆZ wKÌqv KGi ZGe cÉgvY Ki ˆh,
D 5 cm C A 10 cm B
P = Q = R. 4
15N wkLbdj- 4, 9 I 11 [KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 7]
(15 + P)N
5N 5N 35 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
1g ˆÞGò, 10  BC = 15  AC K OX eivei jÁ¼vsGki mgwÓ¡

ev, 10  (AB + AC) = 15  AC = 5 cos0 + 8 cos60 + 10cos120
1 1
ev, 10 (10 + AC) = 15  AC = 5.1 + 8. + 10.  
2  2
ev, 100 + 10AC = 15AC
= 5 + 4  5 = 4 (Ans.)
ev, 5AC = 100
 AC = 20 cm L gGb Kwi, O we±`yGZ OX, OY, OZ eivei KvhÆiZ h^vKÌGg

w«¼Zxq ˆÞGò, (15 + P)  AD = (10 + P)  BD (Q  R), Q, (Q + R) ejàwji w`K ABC mgevü wòfzGRi

ev, (15 + P)  (AC + CD) = (10 + P)  (AB + AC + CD) BC, CA, AB evüi mgv¯¦ivj|

ev, (15 + P)  (20 + 5) = (10 + P)  (10 + 20 + 5) F Y

120
Q A
ev, (15 + P)  25 = (10 + P)  35

ev, (10 + P)  7 = (15 + P)  5 120
B
120
ev, 70 + 7P = 75 + 5P O
C
ev, 2P = 5  P = 2.5 N (Ans.) Z
Q+R QR X

M awi, P I Q ej«¼Gqi gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY |


awi, ejàGjvi jwº¬ = F hv O we±`yGZ OX- ‰i mvG^  ˆKvGY
R
Q wKÌqvkxj|
‰Lb, OX eivei ‰es ‰i Dci jÁ¼ eivei jÁ¼vsk wbGq cvB,
90 Fcos = (Q  R).cos0 + Q.cos120 + (Q + R). cos240
P 1 1
= (Q  R)  Q  (Q + R)
2 2
ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, Q = 13N, R = 12N
3
jwº¬ R, P eGji mvG^ jÁ¼ eivei wKÌqv KGi|  Fcos =  .R ... ... ... (i)
2
  = 90 ‰es Fsin = (Q  R).sin0 + Q.sin120 + (Q + R).sin240
Q sin 1
‰Lb, tan90 = =
P + Q cos 0 3 3
=0+ .Q  (Q + R)
2 2
ev, P + Q cos = 0  Q cos =  P
3
Avevi, R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos  Fsin = 
2
.R ... ... ... (ii)
ev, 122 = P2 + 132 + 2P (P) ZvnGj (i)2 + (ii)2 
ev, 122 = P2 + 132  2P2 9 3
F2(cos2 + sin2) = .R2 + .R2
ev, P2 = 132  122 ev, P2 = 169  144 4 4

ev, P2 = 25  P = 5 (Ans.) ev, F2 = 3.R2  F = 3R ‰KK (Ans.)

ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 51
weK͸ mgvavb: L O we±`yGZ h^vKÌGg OX, OY, OZ eivei wKÌqviZ L, M, N

gGb Kwi, ABC wòfzGRi BC, CA I AB evüi mgv¯¦ivj ejòq fvimvGgÅ AvGQ|
eivei wKÌqviZ ejàwji wKÌqvwe±`y C. ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, L I N ‰i A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvY  ‰es L I M ‰i
 C we±`yGZ CX eivei Q – R, CA eivei Q ‰es CY A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvY 2.
eivei Q + R ej wKÌqviZ eGj MYÅ Kiv hvq| ˆhGnZz ejòq fvimvGgÅ AvGQ,
L M N
ZvnGj, ejòq ciÕ·Gii mvG^ 120 ˆKvGY wKÌqv KGi| awi ZvB jvwgi mƒòvbymvGi, sin(360 – 3) = sin = sin2
ejòGqi jwº¬ F| L M N
 F = (Q+R) +Q +(Q+R) +2(QR)Qcos120+2Q(Q+R)cos120+2(Q+R)(QR)cos120
2 2 2 ev, – sin3 = sin = 2sin cos
1 1 1 L M N
= (Q+R)2+(QR)2+Q2 + 2(Q2RQ) +2(Q2+RQ) +2(Q2R2)  ev, 4sin3 – 3sin = sin = 2sin cos
 2  2  2
2Q2 + 2R2 + Q2  (Q2  RQ + Q2 + RQ + Q2  R2) L M N
= ev, 4sin2 – 3 = 1 = 2cos
= 3Q2 + 2R2  3Q2 + R2 = 3R2 = 3R
L M N M–L
 ejòGqi jwº¬ 3R ‰KK| (Ans.) ev, 4(1 – cos2) – 3 = 1 = 2cos = 4cos2
M gGb Kwi, ABC wòfzGRi A, B, C wZbwU ˆKŒwYK we±`yGZ P,
 
M
=
N
... (i)
1 2cos
Q, R mggyLx mgv¯¦ivj ejàwj wKÌqvkxj| ‰G`i jwº¬ wòfzGRi
M–L N
fiGKG±`Ê wKÌqviZ| ˆhGnZz A we±`yGZ P ej ‰es G we±`yGZ ‰es 4cos2 = 2cos ... (ii)
jwº¬ ej P + Q + R wKÌqvkxj myZivs B I C we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ M.(M – L) N 2
‰Lb (i) I (ii) àY KGi cvB, 4cos2 = 2cos
Q I R mgv¯¦ivj ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ BC I AGD- ‰i ˆQ`we±`y D
ˆZ wKÌqv KiGe|  N2 = M(M – L) (cÉgvwYZ) X
A weK͸ mgvavb:
L
O we±`yGZ OX, OY, OZ
P
G eivei L, M, N ejòq 2 

B C mvgÅveÕ©v iÞv KGi| O

D M
Y N Z
R
Q P+Q+R awi, L N =   L M = 2
 

Q+R OX eivei ejàwji jÁ¼vsk wbGq,

 Q.BD = R.CD ... ... (i) L cos 0 + Mcos 2 + N cos ( ) = 0
ˆhGnZz AD gaÅgv|  BD = CD ... ... (ii) ev, L + M cos 2 + N cos = 0
(i) bs mgxKiYGK (ii)bs mgxKiY «¼viv fvM Kwi, ev, L + M (2cos2  1) + N cos = 0 ... ... ... (i)
Q = R ... ... (iii) OX ‰i Ici jÁ¼ eivei ejàwji jÁ¼vsk wbGq
Abyi…cfvGe cÉgvY Kiv hvq ˆh, P = Q ... ... (iv) L sin 0 + Msin2 + Nsin () = 0
 (iii) I (iv) bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB P = Q = R (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) ev, M. 2sin  cos  Nsin = 0 [  sin  0]
N
cÉk
² 36 ev, 2M cos = N ev, cos = 2M
`†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2: (i) ‰ cos ‰i gvb ewmGq,
N2 N
Y A L + M 2. 2  1 + N. =0
Q  4M  2M
2 N2 N2
P+Q P ev, L + 2M  M + 2M = 0
O X
P N2
 ev, L + M  M = 0 ev, LM + N2  M2 = 0
R B C ev, N2 = M2  LM  N2 = M(M  L) (cÉgvwYZ)
Z PQ

K. eGji jÁ¼vsGki Dccv`ÅwU wjL| 2 M

 A
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cÉgvY Ki ˆh, R2 = Q (Q  P). 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ ABC mgevü nGj ejàGjvi jwº¬i gvb I 60 P
P+Q
w`K wbYÆq Ki| 4
wkLbdj- 4, 5 I 6 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 17 60
P–Q
60 120
X
36 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb B C P–Q
60
K eGji jÁ¼vsk Dccv`Å: ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ `yBwU eGji
 F
ˆKvGbv wbw`ÆÓ¡ w`GKi jÁ¼vsGki exRMvwYwZK mgwÓ¡ H ej«¼Gqi P+Q
jwº¬i ‰KB w`GK jÁ¼vsGki mgvb| Y
52 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
gGb Kwi, ABC wòfzGRi BC, CA I AB evüi mgv¯¦ivj  L gGb Kwi, A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ P I Q ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ (P –
eivei wKÌqviZ ejàwji wKÌqvwe±`y C. Q) ejwU ewaÆZ BA ‰i DciÕ© C we±`yGZ wKÌqv KGi|
 C we±`yGZ CX eivei P – Q, CA eivei P ‰es CY eivei ZvnGj, P.AC = Q. BC ev, P.AC = Q. (AB + AC)
P + Q ej wKÌqviZ eGj MYÅ Kiv hvq| Q
ev, (P – Q).AC = Q. AB  AC = P  Q . AB ... ... ... (i)
awi, ejàwji jwº¬ F hv C we±`yGZ CX ‰i mvG^  ˆKvY
‰Lb, P I Q ‰i cÉGZÅKGK R cwigvGY e†w«¬ KiGj,
Drc®² KGi|
A we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ ej nGe
‰Lb CX ‰es ‰i Dci jÁ¼ ˆiLv eivei jÁ¼vsk Dccv`Å
(P + R) ‰es B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ ej nGe
cÉGqvM KGi cvB| (Q + R) ‰es ZvG`i jwº¬ (P + R) – (Q + R)
Fcos = (P  Q).cos0 + P.cos120 + (P + Q). cos240
1 1
ev (P – Q) ejwU ewaÆZ BA ‰i DciÕ© D we±`yGZ wKÌqv
= (P  Q)  P  (P + Q)
2 2 KiGj, (P + R) . AD = (Q + R) . BD
3 ev, (P + R) . AD = (Q + R) . (AB + AD)
 Fcos =  .Q ............. (i)
2 ev, (P – Q) . AD = (Q + R) . AB
‰es Fsin = (P  Q).sin0 + P.sin120 + (P + Q).sin240  AD =
Q+R
. AB ... ... ... (ii)
PQ
3 3
=0+
2
.P  (P + Q)
2  wbGYÆq `ƒiZ½ = CD = AD – AC
3 (i) I (ii) bs nGZ cvB,
 Fsin =  .Q .................. (ii) Q+R Q 1
2 CD = .AB – . AB = (Q + R– Q). AB
PQ PQ PQ
ZvnGj (i)2 + (ii)2  R
9 3  CD = .AB (cÉgvwYZ)
F2(cos2 + sin2) = .Q2 + .Q2 PQ
4 4
M
 wPò nGZ cvB, ABC wòfzGRi A¯¦tGK±`Ê O ‰es OA, OB, OC
 F2 = 3.Q2  F = 3Q ‰KK (Ans.)
ˆiLvòq h^vKÌGgA, B, C-ˆK mgw«¼LwíZ KGi|
(ii) bs ˆK (i) bs «¼viv fvM KGi cvB  BOC = 180  (OBC + OCB)
1 B C
 tan =
3
= tan30 = tan(180 + 30) = 180   + 
2 2 
ev, tan = tan30 = tan210 A
= 180  90   = 90 + A2
  = 30 ev 210  2
ˆhGnZz sin I cos Dfq FYvñK| ˆhGnZz A + B + C = 180 B2 + C2 = 90  A2 
myZivs  = 210  
B C
 jwº¬ P  Q eGji mvG^ 210 ˆKvGY wKÌqvkxj| (Ans.) Abyi…cfvGe, COA = 90 + 2 , AOB = 90 + 2
cÉk
² 37 ‰Lb, jvwgi mƒòvbymvGi, P, Q, R ejòq fvimvgÅ m†wÓ¡ KiGj
`†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2: Avgiv cvB,
Q A
P Q R
= =
D C A sinBOC sinCOA sinAOB
B P Q R
P>Q P ev, A
=
B
=
C
PQ P O sin90 +  sin90 +  sin90 + 
R  2  2  2
Q
B P Q R
C
ev, A
=
B
=
C
K. mvgÅveÕ©vq jvwgi mƒòwU wjL| 2 cos cos cos
2 2 2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ P I Q Dfq eGji gvb R cwigvY e†w«¬ KiGj P2 Q2 R2
jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y D ˆZ Õ©vbv¯¦wiZ nq| cÉgvY Ki ˆh, ev, A
=
B
=
C
R cos2 cos2 cos2
CD = AB. 4 2 2 2
PQ P2 Q2 R2
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ O wòfzGRi A¯¦tGK±`Ê| P, Q I R ej wZbwU ev, s(s  a) = s(s  b) = s(s  c)
mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKGj cÉgvY Ki ˆh, bc ca ab
P2 Q2 R2 bc.P2 ca.Q2 ab.R2
= = . 4 ev, s  a = s  b = s  c
a (b + c  a) b (c + a  b) c (a + b  c)
wkLbdj- 7, 9 I 11 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 8] bc.P2 ca.Q2 ab.R2
ev, 2s  2a = 2s  2b = 2s  2c
37 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb bc.P2 ca.Q2 ab.R2
K mvgÅveÕ©vq jvwgi mƒò: ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ wf®² wf®² ˆiLv eivei
 ev, a + b + c  2a = a + b + c  2b = a + b + c  2c
wKÌqviZ wZbwU mgZjxq ej mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKGj, ZvG`i bc.P2 ca.Q2 ab.R2
ev, b + c  a = c + a  b = a + b  c
cÉGZÅKwU eGji gvb Aci `yBwU eGji wKÌqvGiLvi A¯¦MÆZ
P2 Q2 R2
ˆKvGYi mvBGbi mgvbycvwZK|   = =
a(b + c  a) b(c + a  b) c(a + b  c)
(cÉgvwYZ)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 53

² 38 `†kÅK͸-1:
cÉk
 weK͸ mgvavb: gGb Kwi, OA ‰es OB ˆiLv«¼q eivei P I Q ej
`yBwU mƒwPZ nq ‰es ‰G`i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY  A^Ævr AOB = .
Q
3Q  P I 3Q ‰i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY 30
 Q I 3Q ‰i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY   30

30  eGji mvBb mƒò nGZ cvB,
P P Q 3Q
= =
`†kÅK͸-2: ABC-‰i A, B I C we±`yGZ h^vKÌGg P, Q, R m`†k sin(  30) sin30 sin
B
mgv¯¦ivj ejòq KvhÆiZ ‰es wòfzGRi cwiGK±`Ê O.
K. `ywU eGji mGeÆvœP I meÆwbÁ² jwº¬i gvb h^vKÌGg 9N I 4N Q
3Q
nGj ej«¼q wbYÆq Ki| 2
–30
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cÉgvY Ki ˆh, P = Q I P = 2Q. 4
 30
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ ‰G`i jwº¬i wKÌqvGiLv O we±`yMvgx nGj,
cÉgvY Ki ˆh, P : Q : R = sin2A : sin2B : sin2C. 4 O
P A
wkLbdj- 4, 5 I9 [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 17
Q 3Q
38 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb 2q I 3q AbycvZ nGZ cvB, sin30 = sin
K gGb Kwi, ej«¼q P I Q ˆhLvGb P > Q
 1 3 3
ev, 1 = sin ev, 2 = sin
 mGeÆvœP jwº¬ = P + Q
2
meÆwbÁ² jwº¬ = P  Q
3
kZÆgGZ, P + Q = 9 N ev, sin = 2 = sin60 = sin(180  60) = sin120
PQ=4N
  = 60 A^ev 120

P Q
2P = 13 N 1g I 2q AbycvZ ˆ^GK sin(60  30) = sin30
13
P= N = 6.5 N P Q
2 ev, sin30 = sin30 [hLb  = 60]
‰es Q = 9 N  P = 9 N  6.5 N = 2.5 N
ej«¼q 6.5 N ‰es 2.5 N (Ans.) P=Q (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)

Avevi, 1g I 2q AbycvZ ˆ^GK,
L gGb Kwi, OA ‰es OB
 B P Q
ˆiLv«¼q «¼viv h^vKÌGg P I Q =
sin(120  30) sin30
[hLb  = 120]
Q
ej`yBwU mƒwPZ nq ‰es 3Q P Q P
ev, sin90 = 1 ev, 1 = 2Q
‰G`i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY  A^Ævr
2
AOB = . ˆhGnZz ej«¼Gqi  30  P = 2Q. (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
jwº¬ 3Q O A
P eivei jÁ¼vsk wbGq cvB,
P M gGb Kwi, ABC wòfzGRi
 A

3Q cos 30 = Pcos0 + Qcos cwiGK±`Ê O ‰es ewaÆZ AO ˆiLv

3 BC ˆK D we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGiGQ|
ev 3 Q. 2 = P + Q cos B I C we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ Q I R P O

3
 Q cos = Q  P
‰i jwº¬ BC ˆiLvÕ© ˆKvb
2 we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGe| B C
Avevi, mvgv¯¦wiK mƒòvbymvGi, D
2
( 3Q) = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos P+Q+R R
3 Q Q+R
ev, 3Q2 = P2 + Q2 + 2P  2 Q  P
 
Avevi, wZbwU eGji jwº¬ O we±`yMvgx ‰es P ejwU A we±`yGZ
ev, 3Q2 = P2 + Q2 + 3PQ  2P2
wKÌqviZ, KvGRB Q ‰es R ‰i jwº¬ BC ‰es AOD
ev, P2  3PQ + 2Q2 = 0
ˆiLv«¼Gqi ˆQ`we±`y D ˆZ wKÌqviZ nGe|
ev, P2  PQ  2PQ + 2Q2 = 0 Q CD CD/OD
ev, P(P  Q)  2Q(P  Q) = 0  Q.BD = R.CD ev, R = BD = BD/OD ... ... ... (i)
ev, (P  Q) (P  2Q) = 0 COD nGZ cvB,
PQ=0 A^ev P  2Q = 0 CD OD CD sin COD
= ev, OD = sinOCD ... ... ... (ii)
ev, P = Q ev, P = 2Q sinCOD sinOCD
BD sinBOD
 P = Q I P = 2Q (cÉgvwYZ) Abyi…cfvGe BOD ‰ OD = sinOBD
54 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
(i) bs mgxKiGY DcGivÚ gvb ewmGq cvB, A^Ævr BOD ˆiLvi DciÕ© D we±`yGZ
sinCOD wKÌqv KiGe|
Q CD/OD sinOCD
= = ... ... ... (iii) AZ‰e Q.AD = R.CD
R BD/OD sinBOD Q CD CD/OD
sinOBD ev, R = AD = AD/OD ... ... ... (i)
Avevi, ˆhGnZz OB = OC = cwieÅvmvaÆ, CD
‰Lb, COD wòfzR nGZ, sinCOD = sinOCD
OD
myZivs OCD = OBD ev, sinOCD = sinOBD.
CD sinCOD
(iii) bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB, ev, OD = sinOCD
Q sinCOD sin(π  AOC) sinAOC
= = = AD OD
R sinBOD sin(π  AOB) sinAOB Avevi, AOD wòfzR nGZ, sinAOD = sinOAD
Avevi, e†Gîi ˆK±`ÊÕ© ˆKvY cwiwaÕ© ˆKvGYi w«¼àY eGj, AD sinAOD
AOC = 2B ‰es AOB = 2C  = ... ... (ii)
OD sinOAD
 =
Q sin2B Q R
ev, sin2B = sin2C ... ... ... (iv) (i) bs mgxKiGY DcGivÚ gvbàGjv ewmGq cvB,
R sin2C Q CD/OD sinCOD/sinOCD
P Q = = ... ... ... (iii)
Abyi…cfvGe cÉgvY Kiv hvq ˆh, sin2A = sin2B = ... ... ... (v) R AD/OD sinAOD/sinOAD
ˆhGnZz OA = OC = cwieÅvmvaÆ
P Q R
ZvnGj (iv) I (v)bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB, sin2A = sin2B = sin2C myZivs, OCD = OAD
 sinOCD = sinOAD nGj,
 P : Q : R = sin2A : sin2B : sin2C. (cÉgvwYZ)
(iii) bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB,
cÉk
² 39 Q sinCOD sin(  BOC) sinBOC
= = =
`†kÅK͸-1: `†kÅK͸-2: R sinAOD sin(  BOA) sinBOA
B Avevi, e†Gîi ˆKG±`ÊÕ© ˆKvY cwiwaÕ© ˆKvGYi w«¼àY eGj,
A D C B BOC = 2A ‰es BOA = 2C
Q sin2A
 =  R : Q = sin 2C : sin 2A (cÉgvwYZ)
O R sin2C
C D A
60
ˆKwR
M
 AB = 20 wgUvi Š`NÆÅ wewkÓ¡ ZÚvwU A I C we±`yGZ `yBwU
IRb BC = 4m LyuwUi Dci Avbyf„wgKfvGe Õ©vcb KGi 60kg IRGbi eÕ§wU D
AD = 3m
P we±`yGZ Õ©vcb Kiv nGjv|
Owe±`ywU cwiGK±`Ê| A D E O C B
K. ‰KwU eÕ§i Dci ciÕ·i 20 wgUvi `ƒiGZ½ wKÌqvkxj wem`†k,
mgv¯¦ivj ej 8N I 12N ‰i jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y wbYÆq Ki| 2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i AvGjvGK cÉgvY Ki ˆh, C I A we±`yGZ P 60 kg 50 kg
eGji mgv¯¦ivj AskK«¼Gqi AbycvZ sin2C : sin2A. 4 AD = 3 wgUvi, BC = 4 wgUvi
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ 50 ˆKwR IRGbi AB mgi…c ZÚvwUi Š`NÆÅ  AC = (20  4) wgUvi = 16 wgUvi
20 wgUvi nGj LyuwU«¼Gqi Dci PvGci cwigvY wbYÆq Ki| 4 ZÚvwUi IRb ‰i gaÅwe±`y O ˆZ wKÌqvkxj|
wkLbdj- 9 I 11 [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2021  cÉk² bs 8]  AO = BO = 10 wgUvi|
39 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb  DO = AO  AD = (10  3) wgUvi = 7 wgUvi
K gGb Kwi, A I B we±`yGZ h^vKÌGg 12N I 8N gvGbi `ywU
 D I O we±`yGZ 60kg I 50kg IRGbi jwº¬ 110kg, hv E
wem`†k mgv¯¦ivj ej wKÌqvkxj| ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ ewaÆZ BA ‰i we±`yGZ wKÌqv KGi|
C we±`yGZ wKÌqv KGi|  60  DE = 50  EO
jwº¬ = (12  8)N = 4N ev, 60  DE = 50  (DO  DE)
AB = 20 wgUvi, awi, AC = x ev, 60  DE = 50  7  50  DE
 8  BC = 12  AC 8 ev, (60 + 50)  DE = 350
ev, 8  (20 + x) = 12x 350 35
A C  DE = =
110 11
wgUvi
ev, 160 + 8x = 12x B 35 68
ev, 4x = 160  AE = AD + DE = 3 + =
11 11
wgUvi
12
 x = 40 ‰Lb, E we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj 110kg IRGbi RbÅ A I C we±`yGZ
jwº¬ 12N ej nGZ 40 wgUvi `ƒGi wKÌqvkxj| (Ans.)
 LyuwU«¼Gqi Dci PvGci cwigvY h^vKÌGg P I Q nGj,
L gGb Kwi, A I C we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ P eGji mgv¯¦ivj AskK«¼q
 P + Q = 110
Q I R. P  AE = Q  CE = Q  (AC  AE)
B  P  AE + Q  AE = Q  AC
‰Lb, A I C we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj Q I R
ev, (P + Q)  AE = Q  AC
‰i jwº¬ P, AC ˆiLvi DciÕ© ˆKvGbv 68 680
‰KwU we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGe| Avevi, O ev, 110  11 = Q  16  Q = 16 = 42.5 kg
jwº¬ ej BO eivei wKÌqv KGi KvGRB C D A  P = 110  Q = (110  42.5) = 67.5 kg
Q ‰es R ‰i jwº¬ (Q + R) ejwU BO  A we±`yi Pvc 67.5 kg IRb I C we±`yi Pvc 42.5 kg
P IRb| (Ans.)
R Q
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 55
3
² 40 `†kÅK͸-1: ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ 2P ‰es Q gvGbi `yBwU ej
cÉk
 ev, 2AC = 3AB  AC = 2 AB
wKÌqviZ AvGQ| ‰Lb, cÉGZÅK eGji gvb 3N e†w«¬ KiGj, A we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ
`†kÅK͸-2: 5N I 3N gvGbi wecixZgyLx `yBwU mgv¯¦ivj ej ej nGe (5 + 3) = 8N ‰es B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ ej nGe (3 + 3)
h^vKÌGg A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj, ˆhLvGb AB = 10 ˆm.wg.| = 6N ‰es ZvG`i jwº¬ (8  6) = 2N ejwU ewaÆZ BA ‰i
K. ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ ciÕ·i 120 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ ‰KB gvGbi IciÕ© D we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGj, 8AD = 6BD
`yBwU eGji jwº¬ 4N nGj, ej«¼q wbYÆq Ki| 2 ev, 8AD = 6 (AB + AD) ev, 8AD  6AD = 6AB
L. `†kÅK͸-1: ‰ hw` Q = 3P nq ‰es 1g ejwUGK w«¼àY I 2q ev, 2AD = 6AB  AD = 3AB
ejwUi gvb 6 ‰KK KGi e†w«¬ cvq ZGe jwº¬i w`K 3
AcwiewZÆZ ^vGK| Q ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4  wbGYÆq `ƒiZ½ = CD = AD  AC = 3AB  2 AB
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰, cÉGZÅK eGji gvb hw` 3N KGi e†w«¬ Kiv = 3 
3
 AB = 32 AB = 32  10 = 15 ˆm.wg. (Ans.)
 2
nq, ZGe jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y KZ `ƒiGZ½ mGi hvGe? 4
wkLbdj- 4, 10 I 11 [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 6] ² 41 `†kÅK͸-1:
cÉk

40 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
R
K Avgiv Rvwb,
 R2
= P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos Q
‰LvGb, R = 4N,  = 120 
‰es P = Q [ ej«¼q ciÕ·i mgvb]
 42 = P2 + P2 + 2P.P cos 120 P
Q>P
1 `†kÅK͸-2: 17 ˆm.wg. `xNÆ ‰KwU myZvi cÉv¯¦«¼q ‰KB Abyf„wgK
ev, 16 = 2P2 + 2P2  2  ev, 2P2  P2 = 16
ˆiLvq 13 ˆm.wg. `ƒGi AewÕ©Z `ywU we±`yGZ Ave«¬ AvGQ|
ev, P2 = 16  P = 4N (Ans.)
myZvwUi ‰K cÉv¯¦ nGZ 5 ˆm.wg. `ƒGi Zvi mvG^ 3 ˆKwR IRGbi
L gGb Kwi, 2P ‰es Q = 3P gvGbi `yBwU ej  ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ|
 ‰KwU eÕ§ mshyÚ Kiv nGjv|
ZvG`i jwº¬, 2P ‰i w`GKi mvG^  ˆKvY Drc®² KGi| K. P I Q ej«¼q mgvb nGj, R ej  ˆK mgw«¼LwíZ KGi@
Q = 3P cÉgvY Ki| 2
L. R = 15N ‰es P I Q ej«¼Gqi e†nîg jwº¬ 25N nGj,

 ej«¼q wbYÆq Ki| 4
2P M. `†kÅK͸-2 Abyhvqx myZvwUi cÉGZÅK AsGki Uvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
3P sin wkLbdj- 4, 5 I 9 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 6]
 tan =
2P + 3P cos
41 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
Avevi, ej«¼q 4P ‰es 3P + 6 nGj,
 
(3P + 6) sin 2 sin cos
tan = P sin sin 2 2
4P + (3P + 6) cos K
 tan = =
P + P cos 1 + cos
=

3P sin (3P + 6) sin 2 cos2
kZÆvbymvGi, 2P + 3P cos = 4P + (3P + 6) cos 2
 
4P + (3P + 6) cos (3P + 6) sin = tan   = (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
ev, 2P + 3P cos = 3P sin 2 2
L
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, R = 15N
4P + (3P + 6) cos  2P  3P cos
ev, 2P + 3P cos kZÆgGZ, P + Q = 25 … … (i)
(3P + 6) sin  3P sin wPòvbymvGi jwº¬ P ‰i mvG^  = 90 ˆKvY Drc®² KGi|
=  Avbyf„wgK eivei eGji Dcvsk wbGq cvB,
3P sin
2P + 6 cos 6 sin P + Qcos = R cos
ev, P(2 + 3cos) = 3P sin ev, P + Qcos = 15  sin 90 R
P + 3 cos ev, P + Qcos = 0 ... ... ... (ii) Q
ev, 2 + 3cos = 1 P
ev, cos = Q … … (iii) 
ev, P + 3cos = 2 + 3 cos
ev, P = 2 + 3 cos  3cos  P = 2 jwº¬ R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos P
 P
 Q = 3P = 3  2 = 6N (Ans.) ev, 15 = P + Q + 2PQ.  Q  [(iii) bs ˆ^GK gvb ewmGq]
2 2 2

M gGb Kwi, A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ 5N I 3N ej«¼Gqi jwº¬


ev, 225 = P2 + Q2  2P2
ejwU ewaÆZ BA ‰i DciÕ© C we±`yGZ wKÌqv KGi|
ev, Q2  P2 = 225
 jwº¬ = (5  3) N 2N
= 2N ev, (Q + P)(Q  P) = 225
5N 225
 5AC = 3BC ev, Q  P = Q + P
ev, 5AC = 3(AB + AC) D C A
B
225
ev, 5AC  3AC = 3AB 3N ev, Q  P = 25
ev, Q  P = 9 … … (iv)
56 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

(i) I (iv)
ˆhvM KGi cvB, 2Q = 25 + 9 ev, Q = 2 = 17
34 1 I 2 ,, ,, ,, ,, 180  60 = 120
2 I 3 ,, ,, ,, ,, 180  30 = 150
(i) bs ‰ Q ‰i gvb ewmGq cvB,
P + 17 = 25 ev, P = 25  17 = 8 L `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ OPRQ mvgv¯¦wiKwU cƒYÆ Kwi|

 ej«¼q P = 8N ‰es Q = 17N (Ans.) Q
O
M 17 ˆm.wg. `xNÆ ACB myZvi A A
 13 B
cÉv¯¦ nGZ 5 ˆm.wg. `ƒGi C 5 T T2
F2
1
we±`yGZ 3kg fGii ‰KwU eÕ§ A 90 B 12 F

SzjvGbv ‰es Aci cÉv¯¦ A ˆ^GK C R F1 P
13 ˆm.wg. `ƒGi ‰KB mijGiLv
eivei B we±`yGZ evav AvGQ| 3kg
awi, F1 = K cosP
 AB = 13, AC = 5 ‰es BC = 12 F2 = K cosQ
AC2 + BC2 = 52 + 122 = 169 = 132 = AC2 F1 I F2 ‰i gaÅeZxÆ ˆKvY R ‰es jwº¬ F.
 ACB = 90
 F2 = F12 + F22 + 2F1F2 cosR
gGb Kwi, CA AsGki Uvb T1 ‰es CB AsGki Uvb T2| ZvnGj
= K2 cos2P + K2 cos2Q + 2 K cosP.K cosQ.cosR
T1, T2 I 3kg IRb ejòq C we±`yGZ fvimvGgÅ AvGQ|
= K2 cos2P + K2 cos2Q + 2K2 cosP.cosQ.cosR
T T 3
jvwgi mƒòvbymvGi, sin(901 + B) = sin(902 + A) = sin 90 = K2 (cos2P + cos2Q + cos2R + 2 cosP.cosQ.cosR  cos2R)
T1 T2 T1 T2 = K2 (1  cos2R) [‹ P + Q + R =  nGj, cos2P + cos2Q
ev, cosB =
cosA
= 3 ev, =
12 5
=3
+ cos2R + 2 cosP.cosQ.cosR = 1]
13 13 2 2
= K sin R
12 36
ev, T1 = 13  3kg  T1 = 13 kg (Ans.)  F = K sinR
5 15 RP ‰i jÁ¼ eivei Dcvsk wbGq cvB,
‰es T2 = 13  3kg  T2 = 13 kg (Ans.)
F1 sin0 + F2 sinR = F sin
² 42 `†kÅK͸-1: 16N I 12N `yBwU mggyLx mgv¯¦ivj ‰KwU
cÉk
 ev, K cosQ sinR = K sinR sin
KwVb eÕ§i Dci h^vKÌGg L I M we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ AvGQ| ev, cosQ = sin [K sinR «¼viv fvM KGi]
Q 
ev, sin 2  Q = sin
F2
`†kÅK͸-2: F

ev, 2  Q = 
R P
 F1
P+Q+R
K. ˆKvb we±`yGZ 1, 2 ‰es 3 ‰KK ejòq wKÌqv KGi ev, 2
 Q =  [‹ P + Q + R = ]
mvgÅveÕ©v m†wÓ¡ KGi| ejàGjvi gaÅeZxÆ ˆKvY wbYÆq Ki| 2 P+Q+R
L. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ F1  cosP, F2  cosQ ‰es F1, F2 ‰i jwº¬ ev,  = 2
Q
1
nGj ˆ`LvI ˆh, R   = 2 (R + Q  P). 4
F
M. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ ej«¼q AeÕ©vb wewbgq KiGj LM eivei
R=R (P + Q2 + R  Q)
P+Q+R
ZvG`i jwº¬i miY wbYÆq Ki| 4 =R
2
+Q
wkLbdj- 5, 9, 10 I 11 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 6] 2R  P  Q  R + 2Q
42 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb =
2
K ˆhGnZz ejòq mvgÅveÕ©v m†wÓ¡ KGi ZvB ‰G`iGK KÌgv®¼Gq gvb
 1
= (R + Q  P) (ˆ`LvGbv
nGjv)
2
I w`K Abyhvqx wòfzR AvKvGi cÉKvk Kiv hvq| ABC ‰i
AB, BC, CA «¼viv h^vKÌGg 1, 3 I 2 gvGbi ej cÉKvk Kiv  M gGb Kwi, L I M we±`yGZ 16N I 12N gvGbi `ywU mggyLx
nj| mgv¯¦ivj ej wKÌqv KiGQ| ‰G`i jwº¬ C we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGQ|
L C C M
A
 ( 3)2 + 12 = 4= 2 (16)
(12)
A^Ævr ABC mgGKvYx wòfzR 2

1 16 12
ˆhLvGb ABC = 90
3  16.LC = 12.MC
ACB = cos1 = 30 B
3
C
2 ev, 16.LC = 12.(LM  LC)
‰es BAC = 90  30 = 60 ev, (16 + 12) . LC = 12.LM
 1 I 3 gvGbi eGji A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvY 180  90 = 90 12.LM
ev, LC = 28
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 57
3
 LC = .LM ... ... ... (i) M
 A
7
Avevi, ej«¼q Õ©vb wewbgq KiGj hw` jwº¬ C we±`yGZ wKÌqv
KGi, ZvnGj- 12 . LC = 16.MC X O

ev, 12 . LC = 16 . (LM  LC)

ev, (12 + 16).LC = 16.LM B C
D
4
ev, LC = .LM ... ... ... (ii)
7 Y X+Y+ Z Y+Z Z
4 3 1
(i) I (ii) ˆ^GK cvB, CC = LC  LC = LM  LM = .LM
7 7 7 gGb Kwi, ABC wòfzGRi cwiGK±`Ê O ‰es ewaÆZ AO ˆiLv
1
 LM eivei jwº¬i miY LM (Ans.) BC ˆK D we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGiGQ|
7 B I C we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ Y I Z ‰i jwº¬ BC ˆiLvÕ© ˆKvb
cÉk
² 43 A we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGe|
Avevi, wZbwU eGji jwº¬ O we±`yMvgx ‰es X ejwU A we±`yGZ
X wKÌqviZ, KvGRB Y ‰es Z ‰i jwº¬ AO ˆiLvÕ© ˆKvb we±`yGZ
Y
O
Z wKÌqviZ nGe|
B C AZ‰e Y I Z ‰i jwº¬ BC ‰es AOD ˆiLv«¼Gqi ˆQ`we±`y D
ˆZ wKÌqviZ nGe|
nGjv e†îwUi ˆK±`Ê Y CD CD/OD
O  Y.BD = Z.CD ev, = = ... ... ... (1)
Z BD BD/OD
K. S gvGbi `yBwU mgvb ej ciÕ·i 120 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ nGj,
COD nGZ cvB,
‰G`i jwº¬i gvb wbYÆq Ki| 2 CD OD CD sin COD
L. X, Y, Z ejòq mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKGj DóxcGKi AvGjvGK =
sinCOD sinOCD
ev, OD = sinOCD ... ... ... (2)
ˆ`LvI ˆh, BD sinBOD
Abyi…cfvGe BOD ‰ OD = sinOBD
X : Y : Z = a cosA : b cosB : c cosC. 4
(1)bs mgxKiGY DcGivÚ gvb ewmGq cvB,
M. hw` X, Y, Z gvGbi ejòq h^vKÌGg A, B, C we±`yGZ m`†k sinCOD
mgv¯¦ivjfvGe wKÌqv KGi, ZGe ‰G`i jwº¬ O we±`yMvgx nq| Y CD/OD sinOCD
= = ... ... ... (3)
ˆ`LvI ˆh, Z BD/OD sinBOD
sinOBD
X cosec2A = Y cosec2B = Z cosec2C. 4
wkLbdj- 4, 9 I 11 [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 6 Avevi, ˆhGnZz OB = OC = cwieÅvmvaÆ,
myZivs OCD = OBD ev, sinOCD = sinOBD.
43 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb (3) bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB,
K S gvGbi `yBwU mgvb ej ciÕ·i 120 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ nGj,
 Y sinCOD sin(180  AOC) sinAOC
= = =
Z sinBOD sin(180  AOB) sinAOB
‰G`i jwº¬,
Avevi, e†Gîi ˆK±`ÊÕ© ˆKvY e†îÕ© ˆKvGYi w«¼àY eGj,
R= S2 + S2 + 2S2. cos 120
AOC = 2B, ‰es AOB = 2C
= 2S2 + 2S2 cos 120 = 2S2 + 2S2 (12) 
Y sin2B
=
Z sin2C
Y Z
ev, sin2B = sin2C ... ... ... (4)
= 2
2S  S 2
= 2
S = S (Ans.) X Y
A
Abyi…cfvGe cÉgvY Kiv hvq ˆh, sin2A = sin2B = ... ... (5)
L gGb Kwi, O we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ
 ZvnGj (4) I (5)bs mgxKiY nGZ cvB,
X
‰KZjxq X, Y, Z ej wZbwU X Y Z
= =
fvimvgÅ m†wÓ¡ KGi| O
Z
sin2A sin2B sin2C
ZvnGj jvwgi mƒò nGZ cvB,  X cosec2A = Y cosec2B = Z cosec 2C (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
Y
X Y Z
= = B C
cÉk
² 44 P I Q `yBwU ej ˆhLvGb P > Q
sinBOC sinCOA sinAOB
X Y Z K. hw` P, Q, R ejòq mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vGK ‰es 2P = 2Q = R
ev, sin2A = sin2B = sin2C nq ZGe P, Q ‰es R, P ‰i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY wbYÆq Ki| 2
(ˆhGnZz BOC = 2A, COA = 2B, AOB = 2C, KviY L. hw` DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ejàGjv mgwe±`yMvgx nq ‰es
DnvG`i jwº¬ A¯¦fzÆÚ ˆKvYGK mgwòLwíZ KGi ZGe ej
e†Gîi ‰KB PvGci Dci `´£vqgvb ˆK±`ÊÕ© ˆKvY e†îÕ©
`yBwUi gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY I jwº¬ wbYÆq Ki| 4
ˆKvGYi w«¼àY) M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ej«¼Gqi e†nîg I Þz`ËZg jwº¬ h^vKÌGg F
X Y Z
ev, 2 sinAcosA = 2 sinB.cosB = 2 sinC.cosC I G nq ‰es Dnviv ciÕ·i ‰KwU we±`yGZ  ˆKvGY

X Y Z a b c wKÌqvkxj nq ZGe ej `yBwUi jwº¬GK F, G I 2 ‰i gvaÅGg
[
ev, a cosA = b cosB = c cosC ‹ sinA = sinB = sinC ] cÉKvk Ki| 4
A^Ævr X : Y : Z = a cosA : b cosB : c cosC (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) wkLbdj- 4, 6 I 8 [hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 16]
58 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
44 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb M P I Q (P > Q) ej«¼Gqi e†nîg I Þz`ËZg jwº¬i gvb h^vKÌGg

K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 2P = 2Q = R
 L I M.
 e†nîg jwº¬, P + Q = L ... ... (i)
ev, 2P2 = 2Q2 = R2  P = Q
Þz`ËZg jwº¬, P  Q = M ... ... (ii)
ˆhGnZz P, Q, R ejòq mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vGK, (i) I (ii) ˆhvM KGi cvB,
myZivs P I Q ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ R ‰i mgvb| L+M
2P = L + M ev, P =
‰Lb, P I Q ‰i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY  nGj 2
R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos (i) ˆ^GK (ii) weGqvM KGi cvB,
LM
ev, 2P2 = P2 + P2 + 2P2 cos 2Q = L  M ev, Q =
2
ev, cos = 0   = 90 (Ans.) ˆhGnZz P I Q,  ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ, myZivs jwº¬,
Avevi, R I P ‰i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY  nGj R= P2 + Q2 + 2PQcos
Q2 = R2 + P2 + 2RP cos 2
L  M 2
ev, Q = 2Q + Q + 2. 2Q.Q cos
2 2 2 = L +2 M  + + 2.
L + M L  M 
 cos
   2   2  2 
ev, 2 2Q2.cos2Q2 L2 M2 2 2

1 = 2
4
+
4
 + 2L4  M4  cos
ev, cos =  = cos 135    
2 L2 M2 L2 M2
  = 135 (Ans.) = + + cos  cos
2 2 2 2
 2 2
L M
L
 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ,  = 3 = (1 + cos) + (1  cos)
2 2
  = 3 L2  M2 
=  2cos2 +  2sin2
gGb Kwi, 3 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ P I Q ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ R, P eGji 2 2 2 2
mwnZ  ˆKvGY bZ| ZvnGj jwº¬ ej R, Q eGji mwnZ 2  
= L2cos2
2
+ M2sin2
2
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ|
 
 ejàwjGK R eivei wefvRb KGi cvB, [we.`Ë: cÉGk² fzj AvGQ, L cos2 + Msin2 ‰i Õ©Gj
2 2
Rcos0 = Pcos() + Q.cos2
 
ev, R = Pcos + Q(2cos2  1) ......... (i) L2 cos2 + M2sin2 nGe|]
2 2
Avevi, Rsin0 = Psin() + Qsin2 ² 45 `†kÅK͸-1:
cÉk

ev, 0 = Psin + Q.2sin.cos B C

ev, 0 = (P + 2Qcos)sin Q

R
ev, 0 = P + 2Qcos Q
ev, 2Qcos = P 90
P R
ev, cos = 2Q O P A
2

  = cos1
P 3 `†kÅK͸-2: P I Q `ywU m`†k mgv¯¦ivj eGji mvG^ ‰KB mgZGj
2Q h^vKÌGg r `ƒiGZ½ X gvGbi `ywU wem`†k mgv¯¦ivj ej wKÌqviZ|
 K. jvwgi mƒòwU eYÆbv Ki| 2
P P 2
myZivs 3 = 3cos1 = 
2Q L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ hw` R = 3 Q nq, ZGe P I Q eGji
‰Lb, (i) bs mgxKiGY cos ‰i gvb ewmGq cvB, AbycvZ wbYÆq Ki| 4
P P 2 rX
R = P  + Q.2. 4Q 
2  1
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ ˆ`LvI ˆh, ‰G`i jwº¬ P + Q `ƒiGZ½ mGi
2Q   
P2 P2
hvGe| 4
ev, R = 2Q + 2Q  Q wkLbdj- 4, 9 I 11 [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 6]
2P2 45 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev, R = 2Q  Q
K eYÆbv: ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ wf®² wf®² ˆiLv eivei wKÌqviZ wZbwU

2P2  2Q2
ev, R = mgZjxq ej mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKGj, ZvG`i cÉGZÅKwU eGji gvb
2Q Aci `yBwU eGji wKÌqvGiLvi A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvGYi mvBGbi
P  Q2
2
mgvbycvwZK|
 R=
Q L gGb Kwi, O we±`yGZ  ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ P I Q ej«¼Gqi jwº¬

P2  Q2 2
myZivs ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ R = Q R= Q, P eGji mvG^ 90 ˆKvY Drc®² KGi|
3
P 2 2
‰es A¯¦fzÆÚ ˆKvY,  = 3cos1 | (Ans.)   Q = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ.cos
2Q 3 
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 59
4
ev, 9 Q2  Q2 = P2 + 2PQ cos 46 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
K gGb Kwi, P ‰KK gvGbi `yBwU mgvb ej O we±`yGZ ciÕ·i

5Q2
ev,  9 = P2 + 2PQ cos ... ... (i) 60 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ| ‰B ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ R ‰KK nGj eGji
Q sin  mvgv¯¦wiK mƒòvbymvGi Avgiv cvB,
Avevi, tan 90 = P + Q cos R2 = P2 + P2 + 2.P.P cos 60
1 Q sin  1 R
ev, 0 = P + Q cos R= 2P2 + 2P2 .
2 P
2 2
ev, Q cos + P = 0 = 2P + P 60

P = 3P2
O
ev, cos =  Q ... ... (ii) = 3P ‰KK (Ans.) P
 5Q2 P L
 A
myZivs (i)  = P2 + 2PQ  
9 Q
 
P
5Q2 P2 5
ev, 9 = P2  2P2 ev, 5Q2 = 9P2 ev, Q2 = 9 F E
I
P 5
ev, =
Q 3
 P : Q = 5 : 3 (Ans.)
D
M gGb Kwi, AB ˆiLvi A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ P I Q m`†k
 B
Q+R
C

mgv¯¦ivj eGji jwº¬ (P + Q), C we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ| Q R

X
ABC wòfzGRi A, B, C we±`yGZ h^vKÌGg P, Q, R gvGbi wZbwU
A D G F C B
E mggyLx mgv¯¦ivj ej wKÌqviZ AvGQ| A, B, C ˆKvYàwji
A¯¦w«¼ÆLíK wZbwU ciÕ·i I we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGiGQ| ZvnGj, I
nGjv, ABC wòfzGRi A¯¦tGK±`Ê|
P X P + Q P+Q+X P + Q Q ‰Lb, B I C we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ Q I R eGji jwº¬
(Q + R) ejwU BC ˆiLvÕ© D we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGe|
Avevi, D I E we±`yGZ X gvGbi wecixZgyLx `yBwU mgv¯¦ivj Avevi, ej wZbwUi jwº¬ A¯¦tGK±`Ê I we±`yMvgx| myZivs, I we±`y
ej wKÌqviZ| ‰Lb D we±`yGZ X ‰es C we±`yGZ (P + Q) AD ˆiLvi Ici AeÕ©vb KiGe|
ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ (P + Q + X), F we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ| AD ˆiLv A ˆKvGYi mgw«¼LíK eGj|
(P + Q).CF = X.DF ... ... ... (1) BD AB
= ... ... ... (i)
Avevi, F we±`yGZ (P + Q + X) ‰es E we±`yGZ X gvGbi CD AC
wecixZ gyLx ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ (P + Q), G we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ| wK¯§ Q I R ‰i jwº¬ D we±`yMvgx nIqvq,
 (P + Q + X).GF = X.EG Q.BD = R.CD
BD R
ev, (P + Q).GF = X.EG  X.GF = X.(EG  GF) ev, CD = Q ... ... ... (ii)
ev, (P + Q).GF = X.EF ... ... ... (2) R AB Q R
‰Lb, (1) I (2)bs mgxKiY ˆhvM KGi cvB, (i) I (ii) bs nGZ cvB, Q = AC ev, AC = AB
(P + Q).CF + (P + Q).GF = X.DF + X.EF P Q
Abyi…cfvGe cÉgvY Kiv hvq ˆh, BC = AC
ev, (P + Q) (CF + GF) = X.(DF + EF)
P Q R P Q R
ev, (P + Q).CG = X.DE [‰LvGb DE = r]  = = ev, a = b = c  (iii)
BC AC AB
Xr
ev, (P + Q).CG = Xr  CG = P + Q Avevi, ABC nGZ mvBb mƒGòi mvnvGhÅ cvB,
rX a b c
myZivs jwº¬ P + Q `ƒiGZ½ mGi hvGe| (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) =
sinA sinB sinC
=  (iv)
P Q R
(iii) I (iv) bs nGZ cvB, = =
cÉk
² 46 A
sinA sinB sinC
P ev, P : Q : R = sinA : sinB : sinC (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
M gGb Kwi, AB `G´£i C I D we±`yGZ `yBRb ˆjvK h^vKÌGg P

C
B I Q IRb enb KGi| mylg `´£wUi IRb 85 ˆKwR AB ‰i
Q R
P, Q, Rejòq mggyLx mgv¯¦ivjfvGe wKÌqviZ| gaÅwe±`y O ˆZ wKÌqv KGi|
AB = 5 wgUvi
K. 60 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ `yBwU mgvb eGji jwº¬ KZ? 2 1
P Q
L. ejòGqi jwº¬ ABC ‰i A¯¦tGK±`ÊMvgx nGj, ˆ`LvI ˆh, AC =
2
wgUvi C O D
A B
P : Q : R = sinA : sinB : sinC 4 1
BD = wgUvi
M. ejòGqi jwº¬ ABC ‰i fiGK±`ÊMvgx nGj P, Q ‰es R 4
85
5
eGji gGaÅ mÁ·KÆ Õ©vcb Ki| 4 AO = BO = wgUvi ˆKwR
2
[ XvKv, w`bvRcyi, wmGjU I hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2018  cÉk² bs 6]
60 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
P + Q = 85 1g wPGò, OX eivei mKj jÁ¼vskàwjB abvñK wK¯¦y 2q wPGò,
P.CO = Q.DO
Q ‰i jÁ¼vsk FYvñK hv 'OM' ‰i mgvb|
ev, P(AO  AC) = Q(BO  BD) myZivs 1g wPòvbymvGi, OX eivei P I Q eGji jÁ¼vsGki
5 1 5 1
( ) ( )
ev, P 2  2 = Q 2  4 exRMvwYwZK mgwÓ¡ = OL + OM
= OL + LN = ON, hv, OX eivei jwº¬ R ‰i jÁ¼vsk|
9
ev, 2P = Q.4 ev, 8P = 9Q 2q wPòvbymvGi, OX eivei P I Q eGji jÁ¼vsGki
P Q P + Q 85 exRMvwYwZK mgwÓ¡ = OL  OM = OL  LN = ON, hv OX
ev, 9 = 8 = 9 + 8 = 17 = 5
eivei jwº¬ R ‰i jÁ¼vsk|
 P = 45 ˆKwR AZ‰e ˆKvGbv wbw`ÆÓ¡ w`GK `yBwU eGji jÁ¼vsGki exRMvwYwZK
Q = 40 ˆKwR| mgwÓ¡ H ‰KB w`GK ZvG`i jwº¬i jÁ¼vsGki mgvb|
 Cwe±`yGZ ˆjvKwU 45 ˆKwR ‰es D we±`yGZ ˆjvKwU 40 ˆKwR L
 B
R1
IRb enb KiGe| (Ans.) C 
90° F1
² 47 `†kÅK͸-1: W IRGbi ‰KwU KuvVvj  ˆKvGY ˆnjvGbv
cÉk

WvGj SzjwQj|
`†kÅK͸-2: 8 wgUvi `xNÆ I 42 ˆKwR IRGbi AB ‰KwU ZÚv
`yBwU LywUi Dci Avbyf„wgKfvGe Õ©vwcZ| ‰KwU LywU A cÉvG¯¦,
AciwU B cÉv¯¦ nGZ 2 wgUvi wfZGi AewÕ©Z| 
K. eGji jÁ¼vsGki Dccv`ÅwU cÉgvY Ki| 2 A

L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ ˆnjvGbv WvGji f„wg I Š`GNÆÅi mgv¯¦ivGj W

wKÌqviZ F1 ‰es F2 ej `yBwU c†^KfvGe KuvVvjwUGK ZGji wPò-1
Dci wÕ©i ivGL| cÉgvY Ki ˆh, 1g wPGò,  ˆKvGY ˆnjvGbv Wvj AB ‰i Ici C we±`yGZ W
F1F2 IRGbi KuvVvjGK f„wgi mgv¯¦ivGj wKÌqviZ F1 ej wÕ©i
W= , hLb F1 > F2. 4
F12 – F22 AeÕ©vq ivGL| ˆnjvGbv WvjwUi Ici KuvVvjwUi Pvc R1 aiv
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ 55 ˆKwR IRGbi ‰KwU evjK ZÚvwUGK bv nGj ej R1, F1, W fvimvgÅ m†wÓ¡ KiGe|
DwΟGq B cÉvG¯¦i w`GK KZ `ƒi ˆhGZ cviGe? 4 R1 Pvc AB ‰i mvG^ jwÁ¼K w`GK nGe|
[ivRkvnx, KzwgÍÏv, PëMÉvg I ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2018  cÉk² bs 6] jvwgi mƒòvbyhvqx,
R1 F1 W
47 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
sin90 = sin(90 + 90 – ) = sin(90  )
K eYÆbv: ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ `yBwU eGji ˆKvGbv wbw`ÆÓ¡

R F1 W
w`GKi jÁ¼vsGki exRMvwYwZK mgwÓ¡ H ‰KB w`GKi ej«¼Gqi ev, 11 = sin =
cos
jwº¬i jÁ¼vsGki mgvb| W sin
 F1 =
Y Y C cos
C
cos W
B
R ev, sin = F
B R 1
Q E A
E W2
P
A Q P
ev, cot  = F 2 ... (i)
2
X 1
X
O M L N X M O N L
1g wPò 2q wPò B F2
R2
cÉgvY: gGb Kwi, O we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ P I Q ej `yBwU h^vKÌGg C
90°
OA ‰es OB «¼viv mƒwPZ| ZvnGj OACB mvgv¯¦wiGKi KYÆ
OC «¼viv DÚ ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ R mƒwPZ nGe|
awi, OX ˆiLvwU wbw`ÆÓ¡ w`K wbG`Æk KGi, A^Ævr OX eivei
ejàwji jÁ¼vsk wbYÆq KiGZ nGe|
A, B I C we±`y ˆ^GK OX ev OX (2q wPGò) ‰i Ici 
A
h^vKÌGg AL, BM I CN jÁ¼ Aâb Kwi| ZvnGj OX eivei
P, Q ‰es R eGji jÁ¼vsk h^vKÌGg OL, OM ‰es ON nGe| W
cÉgvY KiGZ nGe ˆh, OL + OM = ON 2q wPGò, wPò-2
‰Lb A nGZ CN ‰i Dci AE jÁ¼ AsKb Kwi| ˆnjvGbv WvjwUi Š`GNÆÅi w`GK F2 ej, Szj¯¦ W IRGbi
ACE I OBM meÆmg| KviY OBM I ACE mgGKvYx KuvVvjwUGK ˆnjvGbv WvjwUi Ici wÕ©i AeÕ©vq ivGL| ‰
wòfzR«¼Gqi gGaÅ OB = AC mvgv¯¦wiGKi wecixZevü ‰es KuvVvjwUi Pvc R2 aiGj R2, F2, W ej wZbwU fvimvgÅ m†wÓ¡
Abyi…c ˆKvY, BOM = CAE [ AE || OX] KiGe ‰es R2 Pvc ˆnjvGbv ZGji mvG^ jwÁ¼K w`GK wKÌqvkxj
 OM = AE = LN ^vKGe|
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 61
jvwgi mƒòvbyhvqx, cÉk
² 48 A C B
R2 F2 W
= = P Q
sin(90 + ) sin(90 + 90 – ) sin90
R2
ev, cos =
F2
=
W K. 100N I 70N gvGbi `yBwU eGji jwº¬ ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ wKÌqv
sin l
KGi| ‰G`i gaÅeZxÆ ˆKvGYi cwigvY 62 nGj ej `yBwUi
 F2 = W sin
jwº¬i gvb I w`K wbYÆq Ki| 2
F2
ev, sin =W L. P ˆK (R + 3) cwigvGY ‰es Q ˆK (S + 2) cwigvGY e†w«¬
W KiGjI jwº¬ C we±`yGZ wKÌqv KGi| Avevi P, Q ‰i
ev, F = cosec
2 cwieGZÆ h^vKÌGg Q, (R + 3) wKÌqv KiGjI jwº¬ C we±`yGZ
W2 (Q  R  3)2
ev, F 2 = cosce2 ... ... ... (ii) wKÌqv KGi| cÉgvY Ki ˆh, R = S + − 1. 4
2 PQ
(ii) bs nGZ (i) bs weGqvM KGi cvB, M. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ej«¼Gqi mgZGj x `ƒiGZ½i eÅeavGb R
W2  W2 gvGbi `yBwU Am`†k mgv¯¦ivj ej cÉGqvM Kiv nGjv| cÉgvY
= cosec2  cot2
F22 F12
xR
1  1 Ki ˆh, ‰G`i jwº¬ P + Q `ƒiGZ½ mGi hvGe| 4
ev, W 2
(
F22 F12 )=1 [XvKv I w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 6]
1 1 1
ev, W2 = F 2  F 2 48 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
2 1

1 F 2F 2 K gGb Kwi, ej«¼q h^vKÌGg P I Q, jwº¬ R ‰es ej«¼Gqi


ev, W2 = F1 2 F 22
1 2 A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvY .
W=
F1F2
(cÉgvwYZ) ZvnGj, P = 100N
F12  F22 Q = 70N
M gGb Kwi, 42 ˆKwR IRGbi AB mgi…c ZÚvi IRb ‰i
  = 62

gaÅwe±`y O ˆZ wKÌqv KGi| ‰KwU LyuwU A we±`yGZ ‰es Aci  R= P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos
= (100)2 + (70)2 + 2  100  70  cos 62
LyuwU B we±`y ˆ^GK 2 wgUvi wfZGi C we±`yGZ AewÕ©Z|
= 21472.60188
8
AB = 8 wgUvi, AO = BO = = 4 wgUvi = 146.535N (Ans.)
2
BC = 2 wgUvi
awi, ej P, jwº¬ R ‰i mvG^  ˆKvY Drc®² KGiGQ|
Q sin
OC = OB – BC = 4 – 2 = 2 wgUvi  tan =
P + Q cos
AC = AO + OC = 4 + 2 = 6 wgUvi 70 sin62
ev, tan =
evjKwUi IRb 55 ˆKwR, hv B we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj| 100 + 70 cos62

awi, evjKwU C we±`y ˆ^GK B cÉvG¯¦i w`GK AMÉmi nGq x `ƒiZ½ ev,  = tan1 (0.465)
  = 24.94
AwZKÌg KGi ZÚvwU bv DwΟGq B we±`yGZ ˆcuŒQvGZ mÞg nq|
jwº¬ P eGji mvG^ 24.94 ˆKvY Drc®² KGi| (Ans.)
ZÚvwU mywÕ©Z ^vKGe hw` IRb«¼Gqi jwº¬ C we±`yGZ wKÌqv
L
 A C B
KGi ‰es A we±`yGZ ZÚvi Dci ˆKvY Pvc ^vKGe bv| P Q
P+R+3 Q+S+2
A O C B B
Q
R+3
42 ˆKwR 55 ˆKwR
gGb Kwi, P, Q mggyLx mgv¯¦ivj ej«¼q h^vKÌGg A, B we±`yGZ
42.OC = 55.BC
wKÌqv KiGQ ‰es jwº¬ C we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj| ZvnGj,
42  2
ev, BC = 55 P.AC = Q.BC ... ... ... (i)
Avevi, P ˆK (R + 3) cwigvGY I Q ˆK (S + 2) cwigvGY e†w«¬
 x = 1.53 wgUvi (cÉvq)
KiGjI jwº¬ C we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj|
 evjKwU ZÚvwUGK bv DwΟGq C we±`y ˆ^GK B cÉvG¯¦i w`GK  (P + R + 3).AC = (Q + S + 2).BC ... ... ... (ii)
cÉvq 1.53 wgUvi ˆhGZ cviGe| (Ans.) Avevi, P, Q ‰i cwieGZÆ h^vKÌGg Q, (R + 3) wKÌqv KiGjI
A^ev, evjKwU ZÚvwUGK bv DwΟGq A we±`y ˆ^GK B cÉvG¯¦i jwº¬ C we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj|
w`GK (6 + 1.53) = 7.53 wgUvi ˆhGZ cviGe| (Ans.)  Q.AC = (R + 3) BC ... ... ... (iii)
62 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
‰Lb, (i) bs mgxKiYGK (iii) bs mgxKiY «¼viv fvM KGi cvB, ² 49 `†kÅK͸-1:
cÉk
 `†kÅK͸-2:
P Q PQ L
= = ... (iv) B C
Q R+3 QR3
W3 n m W2
Avevi, (ii) bs mgxKiY nGZ (i) bs mgxKiY weGqvM KGi cvB, 1
P F I E
2
(R + 3) AC = (S + 2) BC ... ... ... (v) 

‰Lb, (iii) bs mgxKiYGK (v) bs «¼viv fvM KGi cvB, O P A M D l
N
Q R+3 LD, ME I NF h^vKÌGg MN, NL I LM ‰i Dci
W1 jÁ¼|
=
R+3 S+2
K. eGji AskK I jwº¬ eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
QR3 QR3
= = ... (vi) 1 
R+3S2 RS+1 L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ 2 P ejGK ˆKvb evü eivei Õ©vbv¯¦i Kiv
‰Lb, (iv) I (vi) bs nGZ cvB, 5
hvGe? hw` ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ P eGji 2 àY nq ZGe ej«¼Gqi
PQ QR3
=
QR3 RS+1 A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvY I jwº¬i w`K wbYÆq Ki| 4
ev, (P  Q) (R  S + 1) = (Q  R  3)2 M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ DwÍÏwLZ ejàwji jwº¬ kƒbÅ nGj cÉgvY Ki ˆh,
(Q  R  3)2 W1 = W2 = W3 hLb l = m = n. 4
ev, R  S + 1 = PQ [ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 6]
(Q  R  3)2 49 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ev, R=
PQ
+S1
K ˆKvGbv eÕ§KYvi Dci ‰KB mgGq ‰KvwaK ej KvhÆiZ nGj,

(Q  R  3)2
R=S+  1 (cÉgvwYZ) ‰G`i mwÁÃwjZ wKÌqvdj, hw` eÕ§KYvi Dci wbw`ÆÓ¡ w`GK ‰KwU
PQ
gvò eGji wKÌqvdGji mgvb nq, ZGe 
M gGb Kwi, AB ˆiLvi A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ P I Q m`†k
 Q 
H ‰KwUgvò ejGK DcGivÚ ‰KvwaK R
mgv¯¦ivj eGji jwº¬ (P + Q), C we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ| eGji jwº¬ eGj ‰es ‰KvwaK eGji 
P
R cÉGZÅKwUGK jwº¬ eGji AskK ev O
A D G F C B
E Dcvsk eGj| wPGò O we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ
  
PIQ ej `yBwUi mwÁÃwjZ wKÌqvdj ‰KwU gvò R eGji
    
P R P + Q P+Q+R P + Q Q
wKÌqvdGji mgvb nGj, R ˆK P I Q ‰i jwº¬ ‰es P I Q ˆK

R ‰i AskK ev Dcvsk eGj|
Avevi, D I E we±`yGZ R gvGbi wecixZgyLx `yBwU mgv¯¦ivj ˆfÙi msGKGZ jwº¬ R = P + Q
  

ej wKÌqviZ| ‰Lb D we±`yGZ R ‰es C we±`yGZ (P + Q) 1

L `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ 2 P ejGK AC evü eivei Õ©vbv¯¦i Kiv hvGe

ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ (P + Q + R), F we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ|
ˆhGnZz OACB ‰KwU mvgv¯¦wiK|
(P + Q).CF = R.DF ... ... ... (1)
5P
Avevi, F we±`yGZ (P + Q + R) ‰es E we±`yGZ R gvGbi cÉkg² GZ, jwº¬i gvb = 2
wecixZ gyLx ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ (P + Q), G we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ| 1 5P
PI P ej `yBwUi jwº¬ = 2
2
 (P + Q + R).GF = R.EG
 5 P2 1 2
1
ev, (P + Q).GF = R.EG  R.GF = R.(EG  GF)  2 
= P2 +
2 ( )
P + 2.P. P cos
2
ev, (P + Q).GF = R.EF ... ... ... (2) 5P2 P2
ev, 4 = P + 4 + P cos
2 2

‰Lb, (1) I (2)bs mgxKiY ˆhvM KGi cvB,

5P2 5P2
(P + Q).CF + (P + Q).GF = R.DF + R.EF ev, 4 = 4 + P2 cos
ev, (P + Q) (CF + GF) = R.(DF + EF) ev, P2 cos = 0
ev, (P + Q).CG = R.DE [‰LvGb DE = x] ev, cos = 0
ev, (P + Q).CG = Rx   = 90
Rx  ej«¼Gqi A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvY  = 90 (Ans.)
 CG =
P+Q awi, jwº¬, P eGji mvG^  ˆKvY Drc®² KGi|
xR
myZivs jwº¬ P + Q `ƒiGZ½ mGi hvGe| (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 63
P
sin 50 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
2
 tan =
P K `ywU ej P I Q ‰es ‰G`i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY  nGj ‰es jwº¬ R

P + cos I Q ‰i gaÅeZxÆ ˆKvY  nGj,
2
P P P sin sin 
sin 90 tan = =
2 2 P 1 P + P cos 1 + cos
ev, tan = P
= = 
P+0 2 P  
P + cos90 2 sin cos
2 2 2  
= = tan   =
1  2 2
ev, tan = 2 2cos 2
2
myZivs ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ ‰KB mgGq wKÌqvkxj `yBwU mgvb eGji
  = tan1 (12) = 26.6 jwº¬ ej«¼Gqi A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvYGK mgw«¼LwíZ KiGe| (cÉgvwYZ)
 jwº¬ P eGji mvG^ 26.6 ˆKvY Drc®² KGi| (Ans.) L

M
 L X
W3 n m W2 X
I F E
F E O
z Q y
R
P
M D N
l Y Y Z Z
W1 D x

XYZ-‰i jÁ¼GK±`Ê O we±`y ˆ^GK YZ, ZX, XY evüi Dci

LMN wòfzGRi L, M, N ˆKŒwYK we±`y nGZ wecixZ evüi Dci OD, OE, OF jÁ¼ wZbwU eivei wKÌqvkxj wZbwU ej h^vKÌGg
jÁ¼fvGe wKÌqviZ wZbwU ej W1, W2, W3 ‰i jwº¬ kƒbÅ| P, Q, R| ejòq mvgÅeÕ©vq ^vKGj jvwgi mƒò ˆ^GK Avgiv
jvwgi mƒò ˆ^GK cvB, cvB,
W1 W2 W3 P Q R
= = = =
sinFIE sinDIF sinEID sin EOF sin DOF sin EOD
W W W P Q R
ev, sin ( 1 L) = sin ( 2 M) = sin ( 3 N) ev, sin ( – X) = sin( – Y) = sin( – Z)
W W2 W3 P Q R
ev, sinL1 = sinM =
sinN
... ... ... (i) ev, sin X = sin Y = sin Z ... ... (i)
wòfzGRi mvBb mƒò ˆ^GK cvB, wòfzGRi mvBb mƒò ˆ^GK,
l m n x y z
= = ... ... ... (ii) = =
sinL sinM sinN sin X sin Y sin Z
W1 W2 W3 P Q R
(i) I (ii) nGZ cvB, = = (i) ˆ^GK cvB, = =
l m n x y z
Avevi, ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, l = m = n  P : Q : R = x : y : z (cÉgvwYZ)
 W1 = W2 = W3 (cÉgvwYZ) M
 X

cÉk
² 50 X
x P
y
z F
E
I
y z
Y Z
x
P, Q, R ejòq XYZ ‰i jÁ¼ ˆK±`Ê nGZ h^vKÌGg YZ, ZX I
Y Z
XY evüi Dci jÁ¼fvGe wKÌqv KGi mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vGK| Avevi Q
W
Q+R R
ejòq h^vKÌGg X, Y, Z we±`yGZ m`†k mgv¯¦ivjfvGe wKÌqv KiGj
ZvG`i jwº¬ wòfzRwUi A¯¦tGKG±`Ê wKÌqv KGi| XYZ wòfzGRi X, Y, Z we±`yGZ h^vKÌGg P, Q, R gvGbi wZbwU
K. “`yBwU mgvb eGji jwº¬ ZvG`i A¯¦fÆyÚ ˆKvYGK mgw«¼LwíZ mggyLx mgv¯¦ivj ej wKÌqviZ AvGQ| X, Y, Z ˆKvYàwji
KGi”@DwÚwUi mZÅZv hvPvB Ki| 2 A¯¦w«¼ÆLíK wZbwU ciÕ·i I we±`yGZ ˆQ` KGiGQ| ZvnGj, I
L. DóxcGKi ejòGqi mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKvi ˆÞGò cÉgvY Ki ˆh, nGjv, XYZ wòfzGRi A¯¦tGK±`Ê|
P: Q: R=x: y: z 4 ‰Lb, Y I Z we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ Q I R eGji jwº¬
M. DóxcGKi ejòq m`†k mgv¯¦ivjfvGe wKÌqv Kivi ˆÞGò (Q + R) ejwU YZ ˆiLvÕ© W we±`yGZ wKÌqv KiGe|
cÉgvY Ki ˆh, P : Q : R = x : y : z 4 Avevi, ej wZbwUi jwº¬ A¯¦tGK±`Ê I we±`yMvgx| myZivs, I we±`y
[KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 7] XW ˆiLvi Ici AeÕ©vb KiGe|
64 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
A^Ævr, XW ˆiLv X ˆKvYGK mgw«¼LwíZ KiGe| M gGb Kwi, 12 ˆKwR IRGbi AB mgi…c ZÚvi IRb ‰i


YW XY
= ... ... ... (i) gaÅwe±`y O ˆZ wKÌqv KGi| ‰KwU LyuwU A we±`yGZ ‰es Aci B
ZW XZ
we±`y ˆ^GK 1 wgUvi wfZGi C we±`yGZ AewÕ©Z|
wK¯§ jwº¬ W we±`yMvgx nIqvq, Q.YW = R.ZW 8
YW R  AB = 8 wgUvi, AO = BO = 2 = 4 wgUvi
ev, =
ZW Q
... ... ... (ii)
BC = 1 wgUvi|
R XY Q R
(i) I (ii) bs nGZ cvB, Q = XZ ev, XZ = XY OC = OB  BC = 4  1= 3 wgUvi|
P Q A
Abyi…cfvGe cÉgvY Kiv hvq ˆh, YZ = XZ O C 1 wg. B
R
P Q R P Q R
 = =
YZ XZ XY
ev, x = y = z
12 ˆKwR
 P : Q : R = x : y : z (cÉgvwYZ) W
awi, evjKwUi IRb W, hv B we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj|
cÉk
 ² 51 `†kÅK͸-1: ABC mgevü wòfzGRi BC, CA, AB evüi ˆhGnZy evjKwU ZÚvwUGK bv DwΟGq B we±`yGZ ˆcuŒQvGZ mÞg|
mgv¯¦ivGj h^vKÌGg 5, 7, 9 ‰KK gvGbi wZbwU ej wKÌqviZ| ZÚvwU mywÕ©Z ^vKGe hw` 12 ˆKwR I W IRb«¼Gqi jwº¬ C
`†kÅK͸-2: 8 wgUvi `xNÆ 12kg IRGbi ‰KwU mylg ZÚv `yBwU we±`yGZ wKÌqv KGi|
LyuwUi Dci Avbyf„wgKfvGe wÕ©i AvGQ| ‰KwU LyuwU A cÉv¯¦ ‰es  12.OC = W.BC ev, 12  3 = W.1 ev, W = 36 ˆKwR
AbÅwU B cÉv¯¦ nGZ 1 wgUvi wfZGi AewÕ©Z|  evjKwUi IRb 36 ˆKwR| (Ans.)
K. 8N I 5N gvGbi `yBwU ej 60 ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ| ej«¼Gqi
jwº¬i gvb KZ? 2 cÉk
² 52
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ ejòGqi jwº¬ wbYÆq Ki| 4 `†kÅK͸-1: Q `†kÅK͸-2:
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ ‰KRb evjK ZÚvwUGK bv DwΟGq ‰i Dci
w`Gq B cÉvG¯¦ ˆcuŒQvGj evjGKi IRb KZ? 4 F2 Q
[PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 6]
2
51 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb  F 
S
R P O
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, 8N I 5N gvGbi ej `ywUi gaÅeZxÆ ˆKvY 60|
 F1
R
ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ R nGj, K. eGji jÁ¼vsk Kx eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
R= 82 + 52 + 2  8  5  cos 60 L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ F1  cosP, F2  cosQ ‰es F1, F2 ‰i jwº¬
1 1
= 64 + 25 + 80 
2
F nGj ˆ`LvI ˆh, R −  = 2 (R + Q − P) 4
= 64 + 25 + 40 = 129N (Ans.) M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ Q, R, S ej wZbwU mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKGj ˆ`LvI
L gGb Kwi, mgevü wòfzR ABC ‰i BC,
 A ˆh, S2 = R(R − Q) 4
CA I AB evüi mgv¯¦ivGj wKÌqviZ [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 6]
R
h^vKÌGg 5, 7 I 9 ‰KK gvGbi ej 9 7
52 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
wZbwUi jwº¬ R ej 5 ‰KK gvGbi B

C K jÁ¼vsk: ˆKvb wbw`ÆÓ¡ ejGK hw` ciÕ·i jÁ¼ `ywU ˆiLv eivei

5
eGji mvG^  ˆKvY Drc®² KGi| wKÌqvkxj `ywU eGji AsGk wefÚ Kiv nq ZGe Ask `yBwUi
‰Lb 5 ‰KK gvGbi ej eivei ‰es ‰i Dci jÁ¼GiLv eivei cÉwZwU H wbw`ÆÓ¡ eGji jÁ¼vsk|
jÁ¼vsk wbGq cvB, x AGÞi mvG^  ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ ˆKvGbv ej F ‰i jÁ¼vsk
R cos = 5 cos 0 + 7 cos(180  60) + 9 cos(180 + 60)
= 5  7 cos 60  9 cos 60
h^vKÌGg F cos I Fsin.
1 1 L
 `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ OPRQ mvgv¯¦wiKwU cƒYÆ Kwi|
= 5  7.  9. =  3 ... ... ... (i)
2 2 Q
O
‰es R sin = 5 sin 0 + 7 sin (180  60) + 9 sin (180 + 60)
= 7 sin 60  9 sin 60 F2
3 3 F
=7. 9. =  3 .....(ii) 
2 2 R P
F1
‰Lb, (i)2 + (ii)2 ˆ^GK cvB,
awi, F1 = K cosP
R2 (sin2 + cos2) = (  3)2 + (  3)2
F2 = K cosQ
ev, R2 = 9 + 3 ev, R2 = 12  R = 12 = 2 3 F1 I F2 ‰i gaÅeZxÆ ˆKvY R ‰es jwº¬ F.
 wbGYÆq jwº¬, R = 2 3 ‰KK (Ans.)  F2 = F12 + F22 + 2F1F2 cosR
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 65
2 2 2 2
= K cos P + K cos Q + 2 K cosP.K cosQ.cosR
cÉk
 ² 53 `†kÅK͸-1: L, M, N gvGbi mywÕ©Z wZbwU eGji
= K2 cos2P + K2 cos2Q + 2K2 cosP.cosQ.cosR
wKÌ q vGiLv ABC wòfzGRi BC, CA, AB evüi mgv¯¦ivj| evü
= K2 (cos2P + cos2Q + cos2R + 2cosP.cosQ.cosR  cos2R) wZbwUi Š`NÆÅ 25, 60, 65 ˆm.wg.| L I M gvGbi ej«¼Gqi mgwÓ¡
= K2 (1  cos2R) [‹ P + Q + R =  nGj, cos2P 51 MÉvg IRb|
2 2
+ cos Q + cos R + 2 cosP.cosQ.cosR = 1] `†kÅK͸-2: 20 ˆm.wg. eÅeavGb ‰KwU mylg nvjKv `Gíi `yB
2
= K sin R2 cÉvG¯¦ 8N I 4N gvGbi wecixZgyLx `yBwU mgv¯¦ivj ej wKÌqv
KGi|
 F = K sinR
K. 4N I 2 3N gvGbi ej«¼q 30 ˆKvGY wKÌqv KGi| 4N
RP ‰i jÁ¼ eivei Dcvsk wbGq cvB, gvGbi ej eivei ej«¼Gqi jÁ¼vsGki mgwÓ¡ wbYÆq Ki| 2
F1sin0 + F2sinR = F sin L. `†k ÅK͸
- 1 nGZ ejàwji gvb wbYÆ q Ki| 4
ev, K cosQ sinR = K sinR sin M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ cÉGZÅK eGji gvb 4N KGi e†w«¬ Kiv nGj
jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y KZ `ƒiGZ½ mGi hvGe? 4
ev, cosQ = sin [K sinR «¼viv fvM KGi] [hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 6]

ev, sin 2  Q = sin ev, 2  Q = 
 53 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
K 4N gvGbi ej eivei 2 3N eGji jÁ¼vsk

P+Q+R
ev, 2
 Q =  [‹ P + Q + R = ] F1 = 2 3 cos 30 = 2 3 .
3
= 3N
2
P+Q+R  4N gvGbi ej eivei ej«¼Gqi jÁ¼vsGki mgwÓ¡
ev,  = 2
Q
= 4N + 3N
= 7N (Ans.)
 R   = R (P + Q2 + R  Q) L
 L I M gvGbi ej«¼Gqi mgwÓ¡ 51 MÉvg IRb
ˆhGnZz ABC wòfzGR 252 + 602 = 652
P+Q+R 2R  P  Q  R + 2Q ev, BC2 + CA2 = AB2
=R +Q =
2 2
 ABC ‰i C = 90
=
1
(R + Q  P) (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) ˆhGnZz ejàwj mywÕ©Z ‰es ABC
2
‰i evüàwji mgv¯¦ivj KvGRB jvwgi DccvG`Åi wecixZ
M
 awi, QOS =  Q
cÉwZæv nGZ cvB
L M N A
QOR = 2 = =
2 
25 60 65
ROS =  O L M N L + M 51
 S
ev, 5 = 12 = 13 = 5 + 12 = 17 = 3 65
‰LvGb,  +  + 2 = 2 60
R  L = 15 MÉvg IRb
ev,  = 2  3 M = 36 MÉvg IRb
‰es N = 39 MÉvg IRb (Ans.) B 25 C

ˆhGnZz Q, R, S ejòq O we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ ˆ^GK fvimvgÅ M

 gGb Kwi ‰KwU 20 ˆm.wg. mylg nvjKv `Gíi A I B cÉvG¯¦ 8N
I 4N gvGbi wecixZgyLx ej cÉGqvM Kiv nGjv|
Q R S
m†wÓ¡ KGiGQ, ˆmGnZz jvwgi Dccv`Å AbymvGi, sin = sin = sin2 A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ ej«¼Gqi jwº¬ (8 − 4)N = 4N ewaÆZ
BA ‰i DciÕ© C we±`yGZ wKÌqv KGi|
Q R S
ev, sin (2  3) = sin = sin2 ZvnGj 8  AC = 4  BC
ev, 8AC = 4(AB + AC)
Q
ev,  sin3 = sin = sin2
R S ev, 8AC = 4 (20 + AC)
8N
ev, 8AC = 80 +4AC
B
Q
ev,  (3 sin  4 sin3) = sin = sin2
R S ev, 4AC = 80 D C A
80 4N
AC = = 20 cm
Q R S 4
ev, sin (4 sin2  3) = sin = 2 sin cos ‰Lb A I B we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ eGji gvb 4N e†w«¬ Kiv nGj
gGb Kwi jwº¬ D we±`yGZ mGi hvq|
Q R S RQ
ev, 4 sin2  3 = 1 = 2 cos = 4  4sin2  (8 + 4) AD = (4 + 4) BD
ev, 12AD = 8 (AB + AD)
S
ev, R = 2cos = 4cos2
RQ ev, 12AD = 8(20 + AD)
ev, 12AD = 160 + 8AD
S 2
R(R  Q) S 160
ev, R2 = 4cos2 = 4cos2  R = 2cos ev, 4AD = 160  AD = 4 = 40 cm
 jwº¬i wKÌqvwe±`y mGi hvGe DC `ƒiGZ½i mgvb
 S2 = R(R  Q) (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)  DC = AD − AC = 40 − 20 = 20 cm (Ans.)
66 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
3P +18 cos 18
² 54 `†kÅK͸-1: ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ P ‰es 3P `yBwU ej
cÉk ev, P(1 + 3cos) = 3P
wKÌqvkxj| 3P + 18cos
ev, 1 + 3cos = 6
`†kÅK͸-2: P1 ‰es P2 `yBwU m`†k mgv¯¦ivj ej h^vKÌGg A I B
we±`yGZ wKÌqvkxj| ev, 3P + 18cos = 6 + 18cos
K. ‰KwU we±`yi Dci wKÌqviZ ej wZbwU mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKGj ev, 3P = 6
‰es ˆkl ej `yBwUi gaÅeZx ˆKvY 45 nGj ej wZbwUi  P = 2 (Ans.)

gGaÅ mÁ·KÆ cÉwZÓ¤v Ki| 2 M

 A D C B

L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰, cÉ^gwUGK PviàY I w«¼ZxqwUi gvb 18 ‰KK d

P1 = 4 P1 + P2 P2 = 6
e†w«¬ KiGj DfqGÞGò jwº¬i w`K AcwiewZÆZ ^vGK| P ‰i
gvb wbYÆq Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰, P1 = 4, P2 = 6 nGj ‰es ej `yBwUi A we±`yGZ P1 = 4 ‰KK I B we±`yGZ P2 = 6 ‰KK ej wKÌqv
cÉGZÅKGK 2 ‰KK cwigvGY e†w«¬ KiGj jwº¬i miY wbYÆq KiGQ|
Ki| 4 awi, ZvG`i jwº¬ C we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ hvi gvb P1 + P2
[ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 6]  P1 AC = P2 BC.
ev, 4AC = 6BC.
54 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
 2AC = 3BC ... ... (i)
K gGb Kwi, ˆKvb we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ wZbwU ej R, P, Q| P, Q ‰i
 Avevi, P1 I P2 ej«¼Gqi mvG^ 2 ‰KK ej ˆhvM Kiv nGj
gaÅeZÆx ˆKvb 45| ej wZbwU mvgÅveÕ©vq ^vKGj R nGe P I bZzb ej«¼q nGe, 6 ‰KK I 8 ‰KK| awi, ‰i dGj ej
Q eGji jwº¬i mgvb ‰es ‰i w`K nGe P I Q eGji jwº¬i `yBwUi jwº¬ C we±`y nGZ d `ƒiGZ½ D we±`yGZ mGi hvq|
wecixZ w`K|  CD = d
 R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ cos45  6AD = 8BD.

ev, R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ.
1 ev, 6(AC – CD) = 8(BC + CD)
2
ev, 6(AC – d) = 8(BC + d)
 R2 = P2 + Q2 + 2PQ ev, 6AC – 6d = 8BC + 8d
BnvB wbGYÆq mÁ·KÆ| (Ans.)
ev, 6AC – 8BC = 8d + 6d
L gGb Kwi, P ‰es 3P ej«¼q  ˆKvGY wKÌqviZ ‰es ZvG`i jwº¬
 ev, 3. 2AC – 8BC = 14d
P ‰i mvG^  ˆKvY Drc®² KGi| ev, 3. 3BC – 8BC = 14d. [(i) bs nGZ]
3Psin
 tan =
P + 3P cos ev, 9BC – 8BC = 14d
Avevi, ej«¼q 4P ‰es 3P + 18 nGj, ev, BC = 14d
BC
(3P + 18) sin d= ... ... ... (ii)
tan = 14
4P + (3P + 18)cos
3P sin (3P + 18) sin Avevi, (i) nGZ cvB,
kZÆgGZ, P + 3P cos = 4P + (3P + 18) cos 2AC = 3BC
3P 3P + 18 ev, 2(AB – BC) = 3BC
ev, P + 3P cos = 4P + 18cos + 3Pcos
ev, 2AB – 2BC = 3BC
4P + 18cos + 3Pcos 3P + 18
ev, P + 3P cos
=
3P ev, 2AB = 5BC  BC = 5 AB
2

4P + 18 cos + 3Pcos – P – 3P cos

ev, P + 3P cos
BC
‰B gvb (ii) ‰ ewmGq, d = 14 = 14  5 AB = 35
1 2 AB

3P + 18 – 3P ej«¼Gqi gaÅeZÆx `ƒiZ½

=
3P
[weGqvRb KGi]
= 35
3P + 18 cos 18
ev, = ej«¼Gqi gaÅeZÆx `ƒiZ½
P + 3P cos 3P  jwº¬i miY = 35 (Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 67

beg AaÅvq: mgZGj eÕ¦yKYvi MwZ

A
cÉk
² 26 50 dzU DuPz UvIqvGii Qv` ˆ^GK Bgb ‰KwU ˆUwbm ej u
wbGP ˆdGj w`j| ejwU 8 dzU wbGP bvgvi ci mygb Aci ‰KwU
ˆUwbm ej y dzU wbP nGZ ˆdGj w`j| Dfq ej wÕ©iveÕ©v ˆ^GK 49m
‰KB mvG^ f„wgGZ cwZZ nGjv| wKQyÞY ci Bgb ‰KwU wKÌGKU
ej Abyf„wgGKi mvG^ 30 ˆKvGY wbGÞc KGi| 45
O 49m B
K. 9.8 m/s ˆeM ‰es  ˆKvGY cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§i ˆÞGò Kx kGZÆ
cvÍÏv meÆvwaK nGe ‰es Zv KZ wbYÆq Ki| (g = 9.8 m/s2) 2
30  ( 30)2  4.( 50) . 16
L. mygb KZ DœPZv ˆ^GK ˆUwbm ejwU ˆdGjwQj? 4 t=
32
M. wKÌGKU ejwU hw` 60 dzU/ˆm. ˆeGM wbwÞµ¦ nq ZGe Zv
30  4100 30 + 64.03
UvIqvGii cv`we±`y nGZ KZ `ƒGi f„wgGK AvNvZ KiGe? 4 = = [(+) wbGq]
32 32
wkLbdj- 8 I 9 [KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 7]
 t = 2.94 ˆmGK´£ (cÉvq)
26 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb  ejwUi Õ¦GÁ¿i cv`G`k nGZ ˆh we±`yGZ f„wgGK AvNvZ KiGe
u2 Zvi `ƒiZ½ = u cost = 60  cos 30  2.94
K
 Avgiv Rvwb, u Avw`GeGM  ˆKvGY cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§i cvÍÏv, R = g sin2
= 152.77 dzU (cÉvq) (Ans.)
cvÍÏv, meÆvwaK nGe hLb sin2 ‰i gvb meÆvwaK nq|
sin2 ‰i meÆvwaK gvb 1| cÉk
² 27 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KwU cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§i `ywU MwZcG^i e†nîg
 sin2 = 1 DœPZv h^vKÌGg 4m I 6m.
ev, sin2 = sin90   = 45 `†kÅK͸-2: mylg Z½iGY mijGiLv eivei Pj¯¦ ‰KwU we±`yKYv
  = 45 nGj cvÍÏv meÆvwaK nGe| cici p, q, r mgGq h^vKÌGg mgvb wZbwU KÌwgK `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg
u2 (9.8)2 KGi|
meÆvwaK cvÍÏv, Rmax = g = 9.8 m = 9.8m (Ans.)
K. ‰KwU eÕ§ 20 wg./ˆm. Avw`GeGM 2 wg./ˆm.2 Z½iGY PjGj,
L Bgb ejwU wÕ©i AeÕ©vb nGZ 50 dzU DœPZv nGZ ˆdGj
 Dnvi 5g ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ wbYÆq Ki| 2
w`j| 8 dzU wbGP bvgvi ci ejwUi ˆeM v nGj, L. `†
k ÅK͸-1 nGZ wbwÞµ¦ eÕ§ w Ui cvÍÏ v wbYÆ q Ki| 4
v2 = 2gh ‰LvGb, 1 1 1 3
ev, v2 = 2  32  8 M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ cÉgvY Ki ˆh, p  q + r = p + q + r 4
g = 32 dzU/ (ˆmGK´£)2

 v = 22.627 dzU/ˆmGK´£ wkLbdj- 4, 5 I 9 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 7]

v ˆeGM ejwU AewkÓ¡ 42 dzU c^ cvwo w`GZ ˆh mgq ˆbq 27 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
mygGbi ˆdGj ˆ`Iqv ejwU ((50  y) dzU DœPZv nGZ f„wgGZ
K ‰LvGb, eÕ§i Avw`GeM, u = 20 wg./ˆm.

ˆcŒQGZ ‰KB mgq ˆbq|
1 2
Z½iY, f = 2 wg./ˆm.2
‰Lb, h = vt + 2 gt 5g ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ S nGj
1 1
ev, 42 = 22.627t + 16t ev, 16t + 22.627t  42 = 0
2 2
S = u + f(2t  1) = 20 + .2 (10  1)
2 2
 22.627  (22.627)2  4.(42).16
t= = 29 wgUvi (Ans.)
2  16
 22.627  56.5685 L ‰KB MwZGeGM wbwÞµ¦ `yBwU cÉGÞcGKi Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏvi gvb ‰KB

ev, t = 32
 t = 1.06067
nGe hw` ‰KwUi wbGÞcY ˆKvY  ‰es AciwUi (90  ) nq|
A^ev, t =  2.4749 Bnv MÉnYGhvMÅ bq KviY mgq FYvñK ‰GÞGò, awi, wbGÞcY ˆeM = u
nGZ cvGi bv|   ˆKvGY wbwÞµ¦ cÉGÞcGKi mGeÆvœP DœPZv,
 mygGbi ˆdGj ˆ`Iqv eGji DœPZv (50  y) nGj, u2 sin2 u2 sin2
1 2 h=  = 4 ... ... ... (i)
2g 2g
50  y = gt
2 ‰es (90  ) ˆKvGY wbwÞµ¦ cÉGÞcGKi mGeÆvœP DœPZv,
1 u2 sin2 (90  )
y = 50   32  (1.06067)2 h =
2 2g
 y = 32 dyU u2 cos2
 mygGbi ejwU Qv` nGZ cÉvq 32 dzU wbP nGZ ˆdGjwQj  = 6 ... ... ... (ii)
2g
A^ev f„wg nGZ (50  32) ev 18 dzU DPz ˆ^GK ejwU ˆdGj Avevi, Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv, R = g
u2 sin2
ˆ`Iqv nGqwQj| (Ans.)
M gGb Kwi,
 ‰Lb, (i) I (ii) àY KGi cvB,
u4 sin2 cos2 u4 (sin cos)2
wKÌGKU ejwUi cZbKvj t ˆmGK´£ = 24 ev, = 24
4g2 4g2
1
‰Lb, h =  u sin t + 2 gt2 1 4
u (2 sin cos)2
4 u4 (sin2)2
ev, 50 =  60  sin 30  t + 16t2 ev, 4g2
= 24 ev,
16g2
= 24
ev, 50 =  30t + 16t2 2
u sin2 2
ev, 16t2  30t  50 = 0 ev,  g  = 384 ev, R2 = 384  R = 8 6 (Ans.)
68 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
M gGb Kwi, p1 weiwZi AviGÁ¿i ˆeM = u
 M gGb Kwi, ˆÕ¡kb `yBwUi gaÅeZÆx `ƒiZ½ s = AD

p weiwZi ˆkGl ˆeM = v A u=0 v B v C v=0
D
q weiwZi ˆkGl ˆeM = w mgZ½iGb mgGeGM mgg±`GY
r weiwZi ˆkGl ˆeM = x t1 t2 t3
u p v q w r x

s s s s
s s s s 
m m n n
awi, Z½iY = f ‰es mgvb mgvb KÌwgK `ƒiZ½ = s s
s u +v awi, ˆijMvwowU t1 mgGq mgZ½iGY PGj m `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi
 MoGeM = .................. (i)
p 2
s v +w mGeÆvœP v ˆeM cÉvµ¦ nq| Avevi t2 mgGq v mgGeGM PGj
= ................. (ii)
q 2 s  s  s  `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi ‰es t3 mgGq mgg±`Gb PGj
s w+x
= ............... (iii)  m n
r 2 s
(i) bs I (iii) bs ˆhvM AZtci (ii) bs weGqvM KGi, n
`ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi|
s s s 1 u+v
p q
– + = (u + v  v  w +w +x)
r 2 cÉ^g ˆÞGò, s = 2 .t mƒò nGZ cvB,
1 1 1 1
ev, s p  q + r = 2 (u + x) s 0+v
=
v
.t = t .......... (i)
  m 2 1 2 1
1 1 1 1 s s
ev, s p  q + r  = 2 (u + x) w«¼Zxq ˆÞGò, s = vt mƒGòi mvnvGhÅ, s  m  n = vt2
 
ˆgvU `ƒiZ½ 3s u+x s s s v
ev, 2  2m  2n = 2 t2 ................. (ii)
mgMÉ mgGqi MoGeM = ˆgvU mgq = p + q + r = 2
s v+0 v
1 1 1
s  + =
3s Z‡Zxq ˆÞGò, n = 2 .t3 = 2t3 .................. (iii)
p q r  p + q + r
1 1 1 3 (i), (ii) I (iii) ˆhvM KGi cvB,
 –
p q
+ =
r p+q+r
(cÉgvwYZ) s s s s s v
+   + = (t +t +t )
m 2 2m 2n n 2 1 2 3
cÉk
² 28 `†kÅK͸-1: Avbyf„wgGKi mvG^  ˆKvGY wbwÞµ¦ ‰KwU s s s v
eÕ§ wbGÞcY we±`y nGZ h^vKÌGg q I p `ƒiGZ½ AewÕ©Z p I q ev, + + = (t +t +t )
2m 2 2n 2 1 2 3
DœPZvwewkÓ¡ `yBwU ˆ`qvj ˆKvGbv iKGg AwZKÌg KGi| s 1
 + 1 + 1n  = v2(t1 + t2 + t3)
ev,
`†kÅK͸-2: 2 m 
s 1 1
A B C D ev, t + t + t m + 1 + n  = v
1 2 3 
1 1
AB = AD CD = AD 1 1
m n ev, Mo ˆeM  1 + m + n  = mGeÆvœP ˆeM
 
K. ˆ`LvI ˆh, mggvGbi `yBwU ‰Kwe±`yMvgx ˆeGMi jwº¬ ‰G`i
A¯¦MÆZ ˆKvYGK mgvb `yBfvGM wefÚ KGi| 2 1 1 mGeÆvœP ˆeM
ev, 1 + m + n = Mo ˆeM
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ ewYÆZ eÕ§wUi Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv R nGj, ˆ`LvI
1 1
ˆh, R(p + q) = p2 + pq + q2. 4  Mo ˆeM : mGeÆvœP ˆeM = 1 : 1 + m + n  (cÉgvwYZ)
M. ‰KLvbv ˆijMvwo A ˆÕ¡kb nGZ ˆQGo D ˆÕ¡kGb wMGq  
^vGg| MvwoLvbv AB Ask mgZ½iGY, CD Ask mgg±`Gb cÉk
 ² 29 ‰KwU ˆUÇb ‰K ˆÕ¡kb nGZ hvòv ÷i‚ KGi t wgwbU ci s
‰es BC Ask mgGeGM PGj| cÉgvY Ki ˆh, Dnvi MoGeM wK.wg. `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi Aci ‰KwU ˆÕ¡kGb ^vGg| ˆUÇbwU
1 1
I mGeÆvœP ˆeGMi AbycvZ 1 : 1 + m + n  4 hvòvi cÉ^g Ask x mgZ½iGY ‰es w«¼Zxq Ask y mgg±`Gb PGj|
 
wkLbdj- 2, 4 I 9 [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 7] f„wg ˆ^GK cÉwÞµ¦ ‰KwU wKÌGKU ej cÉwÞµ¦ we±`y nGZ h^vKÌGg
1 1 1 1
28 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb b
‰es a `ƒGi AewÕ©Z a ‰es b DœPZvi `yBwU ˆ`Iqvj ˆKvGbv
K awi, O we±`yGZ ‰KB mgGq wKÌqviZ `ywU ˆeM
 iKGg AwZKÌg KGi|
P I P ‰i jwº¬ ˆeM R K. mgZGj ‰KwU eÕ§KYv u Avw`GeGM a mgZ½iGY t mgGq s
2 sin

cos
 `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi ZvnGj t Zg mgGq KZ `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg
P sin 2 2  
 tan  = = = tan   =
2 2
KiGe? 2
P + P cos 2
2 cos 1 1 t2
2 L. DóxcK nGZ cÉgvY Ki ˆh, x + y = 2s 4
 jwº¬ mggvGbi ˆeM«¼Gqi gaÅeZxÆ ˆKvYGK mgw«¼Lw´£Z 2 2
a + ab + b
KiGe| (Ans.) M. DóxcK nGZ ˆ`LvI ˆh, Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv R = ab(a + b) 4
L m†Rbkxj 10(M) bs cÉGk²i mgvavb `ËÓ¡eÅ| c†Ó¤v-257|
 wkLbdj- 4 I 9 [hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 7]
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 69
29 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb L gGb Kwi,
 A C
B
K ‰KwU eÕ§KYv u Avw`GeGM a mgZ½iGY t mgGq S `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi|

myZivs t Zg mgGq AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ = u + 2 a(2t  1)
1 A we±`yGZ weovjwU wÕ©iveÕ©vq AvGQ| A ˆ^GK 12 wgUvi `ƒGi
B we±`yGZ Bu`yiwUGK ˆ`LGZ ˆcGq weovjwU ˆ`Œo ÷i‚ KGi t
L m†Rbkxj 1(L) bs cÉGk²i mgvavb `ËÓ¡eÅ| c†Ó¤v-347|
 ˆmGKG´£ C we±`yGZ Bu`iy GK aGi|
M
 u
‰LvGb, AB = 12 wgUvi
1 1
awi, BC = x wgUvi  AC = x + 12 wgUvi

a b Bu`yGii ˆÞGò, BC = 4t [ S = vt]
1
ev, x = 4t
b 1
1
‰es weovGji ˆÞGò, AC = 0 + 2  2  t2 = t2
a
ev, x + 12 = t2 ev, 4t + 12 = t2 ev, t2  4t  12 = 0
gGb Kwi, ejwUi cÉGÞc ˆeM u ‰es cÉGÞc ˆKvY | ev, t2  6t + 2t  12 = 0 ev, (t  6) (t + 2) = 0
Avgiv Rvwb, evqykƒbÅ Õ©vGb cÉwÞµ¦ KYvi MwZGeGMi mgxKiY,  t = 6 [ t =  2 MÉnYGhvMÅ bq]
x
y = x tan 1   ‰es AC = t2 = 36
 R
1 1  6 ˆmGK´£ cGi 36 wgUvi `ƒiGZ½ aiGZ cviGe| (Ans.)
cÉ^g ˆ`IqvGji ˆÞGò, y = a , x = b
M ‰KB MwZGeGM wbwÞµ¦ `yBwU cÉGÞcGKi Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏvi gvb ‰KB

1 1 1
 = tan 1 
a b
 … … (i) nGe hw` ‰KwUi wbGÞcY ˆKvY  ‰es AciwUi (90  ) nq|
 bR 
1 1
‰GÞGò, awi, wbGÞcY ˆeM = u
w«¼Zxq ˆ`IqvGji ˆÞGò, y = b , x = a   ˆKvGY wbwÞµ¦ cÉGÞcGKi mGeÆvœP DœPZv,
1 1 1 u2 sin2 u2 sin2
ev, b = a tan 1  aR  … … (ii) h=
2g

2g
= 4 ... ... ... (i)
 
(i)  (ii) nGZ cvB, ‰es (90  ) ˆKvGY wbwÞµ¦ cÉGÞcGKi mGeÆvœP DœPZv,
1 u2 sin2 (90  )
1  bR  h =
2g
b a  a bR  1 aR a2 bR  1
=
a b 1
=
b bR
 = 2.
aR  1 b aR  1 u2 cos2
1  aR   = 6 ... ... ... (ii)
2g
 
u2 sin2
ev, ab3R  b3 = ba3R  a3 Avevi, Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv, R = g
ev, ab3R  ba3R = b3  a3 ev, abR(b2  a2) = b3  a3 ‰Lb, (i) I (ii) àY KGi cvB,
b3  a3 a2 + ab + b2 u4 sin2 cos2 u4 (sin cos)2
ev, R= 2
ab(b  a )2 R=
ab (a + b)
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) 2 = 24 ev, = 24
4g 4g2
1 4
cÉk
² 30 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KwU weovj 12 wgUvi `ƒGi ‰KwU Bu`yiGK u (2 sin cos)2
4 u4 (sin2)2
ˆ`LGZ ˆcGq wÕ©iveÕ©v ˆ^GK 2wg/ˆm2 Z½iGY ˆ`Œovj ‰es Bu`yiwU ev, 4g2
= 24 ev,
16g2
= 24
4 wgUvi/ˆm mgGeGM ˆ`Œovj| u2 sin22
ev,  = 384 ev, R2 = 384  R = 8 6 (Ans.)
`†kÅK͸-2: ‰KwU cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§KYvi `ywU MwZcG^i e†nîg DœPZv g 
h^vKÌGg 4 wgUvi I 6 wgUvi|
cÉk
 ² 31 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KwU ˆijMvox cvkvcvwk `yBwU ˆÕ¡kGb
K. gaÅvKlÆGYi cÉfvGe 100 wgUvi DuPz Õ©vb nGZ co¯¦ eÕ§i 2
^vGg| ˆÕ¡kb `yBwUi gaÅeZxÆ `ƒiZ½ 4 wK.wg. ‰es ‰K ˆÕ¡kb
sec ‰ cÉvµ¦ ˆeM wbYÆq Ki| (g = 9.8 ms2). 2
ˆ^GK Aci ˆÕ¡kGb ˆhGZ mgq jvGM 8 wgwbU|
L. weovjwU KZ mgq cGi ‰es KZ `ƒGi Bu`yiwUGK aiGZ
`†kÅK͸-2: ˆKvGbv eÕ§KYv ˆKvGbv mijGiLv eivei mgZ½iGY PGj
cviGe? 4
t1, t2 ‰es t3 mgGq avivevwnK MoGeM h^vKÌGg v1, v2 ‰es v3.
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ ˆ`LvI ˆh, R = 8 6| 4
wkLbdj- 4, 8 I 9 [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2019  cÉk² bs 7] K. AvGcwÞK ˆeM eÅvLÅv Ki| 2
30 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ ˆijMvoxwU hw` Zvi MwZcG^i 1g Ask
x mgZ½iGY ‰es w«¼Zxq Ask y mgg±`Gb PGj ZGe ˆ`LvI
K ‰LvGb, u = 0

h = 100 wgUvi
ˆh x + y = 8xy 4
2 t +t t +t
g = 9.8 wgUvi/ˆm M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ cÉgvY Ki ˆh, v1  v2 = v2  v3 4
1 2 2 3
2 sec cGi cÉvµ¦ ˆeM v nGj, wkLbdj- 3 I 4 [XvKv, w`bvRcyi, wmGjU I hGkvi ˆevWÆ-
v = u + g  t = 0 + 2  9.8 = 19.6 wgUvi/ˆm. (Ans.) 2018  cÉk² bs 7]
70 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
31 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb cÉk
² 32 ˆÕ¡kb ˆÕ¡kb
K `yBwU MwZkxj eÕ¦yKYvi cÉ^gwUi mvGcGÞ w«¼ZxqwUi miGYi
 A B
cwieZÆGbi nviGK cÉ^g eÕ¦yKYvi mvGcGÞ w«¼Zxq eÕ¦yKYvi S
AvGcwÞK ˆeM ejv nq| gGb Kwi, A I B `yBwU MwZkxj K. mPivPi msGKZgvjvq cÉgvY Ki ˆh, v = u + ft. 2
eÕ¦yKYv| A eÕ¦yKYv nGZ B eÕ¦yKYvGK chÆGeÞY KiGj ˆh ˆeM L. wÕ©iveÕ©v nGZ ‰KwU ˆUÇb A ˆÕ¡kb nGZ 4 wgwbGU B
cwijwÞZ nq Zv nGe A eÕ¦yKYvi mvGcGÞ B eÕ¦yKYvi
ˆÕ¡kGb wMGq ^vGg| hw` Dnv cG^i cÉ^g Ask x mgZ½iGY
AvGcwÞK ˆeM|
‰es w«¼Zxq Ask y mgg±`Gb PGj ZGe cÉgvY Ki ˆh,
L gGb Kwi, ˆijMvoxi meÆvwaK ˆeM = v wK.wg./wgwbU

1 1
awi, t1 I t2 wgwbU aGi h^vKÌGg x mgZ½iGY I y mgg±`Gb + = 4 hLb S = 2. 4
x y
PGj ‰es s1 ‰es s2 wK.wg. `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi|
u=0 v v=0
M. hw` `yBwU ˆijMvwo A I B ‰i wecixZ w`K nGZ u1 I u2
A
x B y C
MwZGeGM AMÉmi nIqvi mgq ‰GK AciGK ˆ`LGZ cvq
ZLb ZvG`i gaÅeZxÆ `ƒiZ½ x| msNlÆ ‰ovGbvi RbÅ ˆijMvwo
t1 t2
`yBwU mGeÆvœP g±`b h^vKÌGg a1 I a2 cÉGqvM KGi| ZvnGj
s2
s1 ˆ`LvI ˆh, ˆKvGbv iKGg msNlÆ ‰ovGbv mÁ¿e hw` u12a2 +
ZvnGj, s1 + s2 = 4 wK. wg. ‰es t1 + t2 = 8 wgwbU| u22a1  2a1a2x nq| 4
s1 0 + v v
 AB AsGk = ev, s1 = 2 t1 wkLbdj- 1, 4 I 5 [XvKv ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 7]
t 12
BC AsGk =
s2 v + 0 v
ev, s2 = 2 t2 32 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
t2 2
v K awi, ˆKvb mijGiLv eivei mgZ½iGY Pj¯¦ ‰KwU KYvi

 s1 + s2 = (t1 + t2)
2 mgZ½iY f ‰es t mgq cGi ˆeM v.
v
ev, 4 = 2 8 [ s1 + s2 = 4] 
dv
=f
dv
ev,  dt dt =  f dt [t-‰i mvGcGÞ ˆhvMRxKiY KGi]
dt
ev, 4v = 4  v = 1 wK.wg./wgwbU
[ˆhLvGb c ˆhvMRxKiY aËe‚ K]
 v = f t + c ... ... ... (i)
Avevi, v = u + ft mƒò eÅenvi KGi
1 Avw` AeÕ©vq t = 0, v = u
v = 0 + xt1 ev, t1 = [ v = 1]
x (i) bs nGZ, u = 0 + c  c = u
1
0 = v  yt2 ev, t2 = [ v = 1] (i) bs mgxKiGY c ‰i gvb ewmGq, v = f t + u
y
1 1  v = u + f t (cÉgvwYZ)
 t 1 + t2 = +
x y ˆÕ¡kb ˆÕ¡kb
1 1 L
 A B
ev, 8 = x + y [ t1 + t2 = 8]
S=2
x+y
ev, xy = 8  x + y = 8xy (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
gGb Kwi, ˆUÇbwUi meÆvwaK ˆeM = v ‰KK
M gGb Kwi, f mgZ½iGY Pjgvb ‰KwU eÕ§KYv A we±`y ˆ^GK u
 awi, t1 I t2 wgwbU aGi h^vKÌGg mgZ½iGY I mgg±`Gb PGj
Avw`GeGM hvòv KGi t1, t2, t3 mgGq h^vKÌGg B, C, D we±`yGZ ‰es s1 ‰es s2 `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi|
u1, u2, u3 ˆeMcÉvµ¦ nq|
ZvnGj, s1 + s2 = 2 ‰es t1 + t2 = 4 wgwbU|
u u1 u2 u3
s1 0 + v v
A t1 B t2 C t3 D  MoGeM = = ev, s1 = 2 t1
t1 2
u1 = u + ft1 s2 v + 0 v v
u2 = u1 + ft2 = u + ft1 + ft2 t2
=
2
ev, s2 = 2 t2  s1 + s2 = 2 (t1 + t2)
u3 = u2 + ft3 = u + ft1 + ft2 + ft3 v
u + u1 u1 + u2 u2 + u3 ev, 2 = 2 4 ev, 4v = 4  v = 1
 v1= ; v2 = ; v3 =
2 2 2
u + u 1 u1 + u2 u + u 1  u1  u2 u  u2
Avevi, v = u + ft mƒò eÅenvi KGi
 v1  v2 =  = = 1
2 2 2 2 v = 0 + xt1 ev, t1 = [ v = 1]
x
u1 + u2 u2 + u3 u1 + u2  u2  u3 u1  u3
v2  v3 =  = = 1
2 2 2 2 0 = v  yt2 ev, t2 = [ v = 1]
v1  v2 u  u2 u  u  ft1  ft2 y
 = = 1 1
v2  v3 u1  u3 u + ft1  u  ft1  ft2  ft3  t 1 + t2 = +
f(t1 + t2) t1 + t2 x y
= = 1 1
 f(t2 + t3) t2 + t3 ev, 4 = x + y [ t1 + t2 = 4]
v1 – v2 t1 + t2 t +t t +t
 =
v2 – v3 t2 + t3
AZ‰e, v1  v2 = v2  v3 (cÉgvwYZ) 1 1
1 2 2 3
 + = 4 (cÉgvwYZ)
x y
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 71
M gGb Kwi, ˆeËK cÉGqvM Kivi gyn„GZÆ wecixZ w`K nGZ AMÉmigvb 
 L gGb Kwi, ˆÕ¡kb `ywUi gaÅeZxÆ `ƒiZ½ S
Mvwo `yBwUi AeÕ©vb wQj h^vKÌGg A ‰es B we±`yGZ| u=0 v v v=0
myZivs, AB = x
A x1 x2 B mgZ½iY mgGeM mgg±`b
t1 t2 t3
x S S S S
S 
2 2 3 3
awi, Dfq MvwoGZ ˆeËK cÉGqvGMi ci ‰iv h^vKÌGg x1 ‰es x2 S
`ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi ˆ^Gg hvq| awi, ˆijMvwowU t1 mgGq mgZ½iGY PGj 2
`ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi
cÉ^g Mvwoi ˆÞGò, Avw`GeM = u1 ‰es g±`b = a1
mGeÆvœP v ˆeM cÉvµ¦ nq| Avevi t2 mgGq v mgGeGM PGj
 u12  2a1x1 = 0
u12
 x1 =
2a1
... ... ... (i)
2
(S  S2  S3 ) `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi ‰es t mgGq mgg±`Gb 3

u
w«¼Zxq Mvwoi ˆÞGò, u22  2a2x2 = 0  x2 = 2a2 ... ... ... (ii) S
2 PGj 3 `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KGi|
‰G`i msNlÆ ˆKvGbv iKGg ‰ovGbv mÁ¿e hw` x1 + x2  x nq
2 2 S u+v 0+v
u u
A^Ævr, hw` 2a1 + 2a2  x nq cÉ^g ˆÞGò, 2 = 2  t1 = 2  t1
1 2

A^Ævr, hw` u12a2 + u22a1  2a1a2x nq| (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) S v

= t ... ... ... (i)
2 2 1
² 33 `†kÅK͸-1: gnvbMi ‰ÝGcÉm AvLvDov Rskb ˆ^GK
cÉk S S
1 w«¼Zxq ˆÞGò, S  2  3 = vt2
ˆQGo XvKv ˆÕ¡kGb ^vGg| Zvi MwZcG^i 1g 2 Ask mgZ½iGY,
1 S S S v
ˆkl 3 Ask mgg±`Gb I AewkÓ¡ c^ mgGeGM PGj| ev, 2  4  6 = 2 t2 ... ... ... (ii)
`†kÅK͸-2: S v+0 S v
u Z‡Zxq ˆÞGò, 3 = 2 t3  3 = 2 t3 ... ... ... (iii)

(i), (ii) I (iii) ˆhvM KGi cvB,

H
S S S S S v
60
A +   + = (t + t + t )
O 2 2 4 6 3 2 1 2 3
S S 2S
K. ˆKvGbv KYv f mylg Z½iGY PjGQ| MwZ ÷i‚i mµ¦g I `kg ev, S + S  2  3 + 3 = v(t1 + t2 + t3)
ˆmGKG´£ h^vKÌGg 36 wgUvi I 48 wgUvi `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg
KGi| f ‰i gvb wbYÆq Ki|
L. 1 bs DóxcGKi AvGjvGK gnvbMGii mGeÆvœP ˆeM I Mo
2 ev, S {1 + 1  12  13 + 23} = v(t + t + t ) 1 2 3

ˆeGMi AbycvZ 11 : 6 mwVK Kx bv hvPvB Ki| 4 S 12  3  2 + 4

ev, t + t + t  6
=v
3 
M. 2bs `†kÅKG͸ KYvwUi meÆvwaK DœPZv 4.9 wgUvi nGj ‰i 1 2

Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv wbYÆq Ki| [g = 9.8 wg./ˆm.2] 4 11

ev, Mo ˆeM  6 = mGeÆvœP ˆeM
[ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 7]
33 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb  mGeÆvœP ˆeM : Mo ˆeM = 11 : 6 (mZÅZv hvPvB Kiv nGjv)
1 M ‰LvGb,  = 60

K t Zg ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ St = u + 2 f (2t  1)

1 u2sin2
mµ¦g ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ S7 = u + 2 f (2  7  1) H=
2g
1 u2  (sin60)2
= u + f  13
2 ev, 4.9 = 2g
13
 36 = u + f ... ... ... (i) 9.8g
2 ev, u2 = 2 ev, u2 = 128.05
1  3
`kg ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ S10 = u + 2 f (2  10  1)  2 
19  u = 11.32 ms1
 48 = u + f ... ... ... (ii)
2
19 13 Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv,
(ii) nGZ (i) weGqvM KGi cvB, 12 = f f
2 2 u2sin 2 (11.32)2  sin 120
6 R= = = 11.32m (Ans.)
ev, 12 = f  2 ev, 12 = f  3  f = 4 ms2 (Ans.) g 9.8
72 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
v2 1 1
cÉk
² 34 2 ( )+
a b
= 200

45 1 1
O
A B
y
C  v2
( )+
a b
= 400 ... ... (vii)

Kwig O we±`y nGZ Abyf„wgi mvG^ 45 ˆKvGY e±`yGKi àwj Kij| iwng v
mgxKiY (ii) nGZ, a = t ... ... (viii)
‰KB mgGq wÕ©iveÕ©v O nGZ ˆ`ŒGo 20 ˆmGKG´£ 200 wgUvi `ƒGi
v
AewÕ©Z ‰KwU Lvov ˆ`qvGji cv`G`k B we±`yGZ ^vGg| iwng hvòv cG^i mgxKiY, (iv) nGZ, b = 20 – t ... ... (ix)
OA Ask a mgZ½iGY ‰es AB Ask b mgg±`Gb hvq| Aciw`GK àwjwU
mgxKiY (viii) I (ix) ˆhvM Kwi,
ˆ`qvGji wVK Dci w`Gq ˆMj ‰es ˆ`qvGji Aci cvGk¼Æ y `ƒiGZ½ C 1 1
we±`yGZ coj| (‰LvGb ˆ`qvGji cyi‚Z½ AMÉvnÅ Kiv nGqGQ)
K. ‰KwU ˆbŒKv 10 wK. wg. ˆeGM PGj N¥Ÿvq 6 wK. wg. ˆeGM cÉevwnZ
v
( )+
a b
= 20 ... ... (x)

mgxKiY (vii) ˆK (x) w`Gq fvM KGi,

500 wgUvi PIov ‰KwU b`x cvwo w`GZ Pvq| ˆbŒKvwUi bƒÅbZg cG^
v = 20
b`xwU cvwo w`GZ KZ mgq jvMGe? 2 ‰Lb, mgxKiY (x) nGZ,
1 1
L. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK cÉgvY Ki ˆh, a + b = 1. 4 1 1

M. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK cÉgvY Ki ˆh, ˆ`qvGji DœPZv =

200y
4
20
( )+
a b
= 20

200 + y 1 1
 + = 1 (cÉgvwYZ)
wkLbdj-== [KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 6] a b

34 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb M

K
 A
O
45
C
200 m B
B D y

gGb Kwi, O we±`yGZ ‰KwU eÕ§ f„wgi mvG^ 45 ˆKvGY wbGÞc KiGj Zv
10 B we±`yGZ AewÕ©Z ˆ`qvjGK AwZKÌg KGi C we±`yGZ cwZZ nq| ‰LvGb,
OB = 200 wgUvi I BC = y wgUvi| Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv, R = 200 + y
ˆ`qvGji DœPZv h nGj,
O 6 C
200 x
wPGò b`xi cÉÕ© OA = 500 wg. = 0.5 wK. wg.| gGb Kwi, ˆbŒKvwU O h = 200 tan45
( 1–
200 + y )   y = xtan
( )
1–
R
we±`y nGZ OB «¼viv mƒwPZ ˆeGM hvòv KGi ‰es ˆmÉvGZi ˆeM OC «¼viv 200 + y – 200
mƒwPZ| ˆbŒKvwU bƒbÅZg c^ cvwo w`Gj Zvi jwº¬ ˆeM OA eivei = 200
( 200 + y )
wKÌqvkxj ‰es OBDC mvgv¯¦wiGKi KYÆ «¼viv mƒwPZ| 200y
= (cÉgvwYZ)
‰Lb, OBD-‰, OB2 = BD2 + OD2 200 + y
ev, OD2 = OB2 – BD2 = OB2 – OC2 ² 35 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KwU UvIqvGii P„ov nGZ ‰KLí cv^i 2
cÉk

= 102 – 62 = 100 – 36 = 64
wgUvi wbGP bvgvi ci Aci ‰KLí cv^i P„ovi 6 wgUvi wbP nGZ
 OD = 8 [eMÆgƒj KGi]
ZvnGj, bābZg c^ cvwo w`GZ mgq jvMGe
ˆdGj ˆ`Iqv nGjv|
0.5 5 1 `†kÅK͸-2: ˆKvGbv cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§i `yBwU MwZcG^ e†nîg DœPZv
= = = N¥Ÿv (Ans.)
8 10  8 16 h^vKÌGg 8m ‰es 10m.
L
 d 200 – d K. ‰KwU eÕ§ 15m/sec ˆeGM Avbyf„wgGKi mvG^ 30 ˆKvGY
O
t A 20 – t
B
wbwÞµ¦ nGj eÕ§wUi ögYKvj KZ? 2
gGb Kwi, cÉ^gvsGk Kwig O ˆ^GK ˆ`ŒGo d `ƒiZ½ t ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌg L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ hw` `yBwU cv^iB wÕ©i AeÕ©v nGZ cGo
KGi A AeÕ©vGb AvGm ‰es w«¼ZxqvsGk (200 – d) wgUvi (20 – t) ‰es ‰KB mvG^ f„wgGZ cwZZ nq ZGe UvIqvGii DœPZv
ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌg KGi B ˆZ ^vGg| A AeÕ©vGb Zvi ˆeM v.
wbYÆq Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ ˆ`LvI ˆh, R = 16 5 4
cÉ^gvsGk, Z½iGYi mƒò eÅeni KGi cvB,
[PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 7]
v2 = 2ad ... ... (i)
v = at ... ... (ii) 35 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
w«¼ZxqvsGk, g±`Gbi mƒò eÅenvi KGi cvB, K ‰LvGb, u = 15 m/s,  = 30, g = 9.8 m/s2

2 2
0 = v – 2b(200 – d) ... ... (iii) 2u sin 2  15  sin 30
0 = v – b (20 – t) ... ... (iv)  eÕ§wUi ögYKvj = =
g 9.8
v2 1
mgxKiY (i) nGZ 2a = d ... ... (v) 2  15 
2 15
v2 = = = 1.53s (Ans.)
mgxKiY (iii) nGZ, 2b = 200 – d ... ... (vi) 9.8 9.8

mgxKiY (v) + (vi) nGZ.

ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 73
L gGb Kwi, AB UvIqvGii B ˆ^GK ‰KL´£ cv^i BC = 2 wgUvi
 cÉk
² 36 wPGò O we±`y nGZ evqykƒbÅ Õ©vGb cÉwÞµ¦ ‰KwU eÕ§i
wbGP C ˆZ bvgvi ci Aci ‰KL´£ cv^i 6 wg. wbGPi D we±`y
MwZc^ ˆ`LvGbv nGqGQ|
ˆ^GK ˆdjv nGjv| Y
(p, q)
awi, UvIqvGii DœPZv AB = h wg. B
2 wg. V (q, p)
 CD = BD  BC = 6  2 = 4 wg. C
AC = AB  BC = (h  2) wg. O 
6 wg. X X
AD = AB  BD = (h  6) wg. A(R, 0)
C we±`yGZ cÉ^g cv^i L´£wUi ˆeM v nGj, D Y
2 2 A
v = 0 + 2g  2
 v = 6.26 wg./ˆm. K. ˆKvGbv we±`yGZ wKÌqviZ u1 I u2 gvGbi `yBwU ˆeGMi jwº¬i
awi w«¼Zxq cv^iwUi cZbKvj t gvb u ‰es u1 ‰i w`K eivei u ‰i jÁ¼vsGki cwigvY u2
2 2
1
cÉ^g L´£wUi ˆÞGò, h  2 = vt + 2 gt2 ... ... ... (i) nGj ˆ`LvI ˆh, u = u 2 − u1 + 2u1u2 2
1 L. cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§wUi Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv p, q ‰i gvaÅGg cÉKvk Ki| 4
w«¼Zxq ,, ,, h  6 = 2 gt2 ... ... ... (ii) v
M. ˆ`LvI ˆh, g cosec mgq cGi cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§wU Zvi cÉGÞcY
(i)  (ii)ˆ^GK cvB, 4 = vt
4 w`GKi mvG^ jÁ¼fvGe PjGe| 4
ev, t = 6.26  t = 0.64 ˆm. [wmGjU ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 7]
v I t ‰i gvb (ii) ‰ ewmGq cvB, 36 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
1
h  6 =  9.8  (0.64)2 K gGb Kwi, u1 I u2 ˆeM«¼Gqi gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY 

2
ev, h = 6 + 2 myZivs, u1 ˆeGMi wKÌqvGiLv eivei u1 I u2 ˆeGMi jÁ¼vsGki
 h = 8 wg. (Ans.) exRMwYZxq ˆhvMdj
M ‰KB MwZGeGM wbwÞµ¦ `yBwU cÉGÞcGKi Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏvi gvb
 = u1cos 0 + u2cos = u1 + u2 cos

‰KB nGe hw` ‰KwUi wbGÞcY ˆKvY  ‰es AciwUi u1 ‰i w`K eivei u ˆeGMi jÁ¼vsk =u2 [kZÆ Abyhvqx]
(90  ) nq| ˆhGnZz ˆh ˆKvGbv ˆiLv
‰GÞGò, awi, wbGÞcY ˆeM = u eivei jwº¬i jÁ¼vsk ‰es
  ˆKvGY wbwÞµ¦ cÉGÞcGKi mGeÆvœP DœPZv, AskK ˆeMàGjvi jÁ¼vsGki u2 u

u2 sin2 exRMwYZxq ˆhvMdj 

h=
2g ciÕ·i mgvb|
u1
u2 sin2

2g
= 8 ... ... ... (i) AZ‰e, u1 + u2 cos = u2
‰es (90  ) ˆKvGY wbwÞµ¦ cÉGÞcGKi mGeÆvœP DœPZv, ev, u2 cos = u2  u1
u2 sin2 (90  ) Avevi, cÉ`î ˆeM `yBwUi jwº¬i gvb
h =
2g u = u12 + u22 + 2u1u2 cos
u2 cos2 = u12 + u22 + 2u1(u2  u1)
 = 10 ... ... ... (ii)
2g
= u12 + u22 + 2u1u2 – 2u12
u2 sin2
Avevi, Avbyf„wgK cvÍÏv, R = g u= u22 – u12 + 2u1u2 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
‰Lb, (i) I (ii) àY KGi cvB, L ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§wU p I q `ƒiGZ½ AewÕ©Z h^vKÌGg q I

4 2
u sin  cos  2
p DœPZvGK ˆKvGbv iKGg AwZKÌg KGi|
= 80
4g2 Avgiv Rvwb, cÉGÞcY ˆKvY , cÉGÞcY ˆeM v ‰es Avbyf„wgK
u4 (sin cos)2
ev,
1 4
4g2
= 80
( x)
cvÍÏv R nGj y = x tan 1  R
u (2 sin cos)2 p
4  q = p tan (1  ) ... ... ... (i)
ev, 4g2
= 80 R
q
4
u (sin2) 2 ‰es p = q tan (1  R) ... ... ... (ii)
ev, 16g2
= 80
2
u sin2 2
ev,  g  = 1280 (i) bs ˆK (ii) bs «¼viv fvM Kwi,
q
=
p (1  Rp )
p q
ev, R2 = 1280 q (1  )
R
 R = 16 5 (ˆ`LvGbv nGjv) q2 Rp
ev, p2 = R  q ev, q2R  q3 = p2R  p3
74 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
ev, p3  q3 = R(p2  q2) 1
mvBGKj AvGivnxi ˆÞGò AC = 2 ft2 [‹ wÕ©iveÕ©vq, u = 0]
ev, (p  q) (p2 + pq + q2) = R(p  q) (p + q)
p2 + pq + q2 1
R=
p+q
(Ans.) ev, AB + BC = 2 ft2
M t mgGq eÕ¦yKYvwUi Avbyf„wgK ˆeM = vcos
 1
ev, 15 + 12.5t = 2  5t2
t mgGq eÕ¦yKYvwUi DÍÏÁ¼ ˆeM = vsingt
ˆhGnZy eÕ¦yKYvwU cÉGÞcY w`GKi mvG^ jÁ¼fvGe PGj KvGRB ev, 30 + 25t − 5t2 = 0
‰wU Avbyf„wgGKi mvG^ (90+ ) ˆKvY Drc®² KiGe|
ev, t2 − 5t − 6 = 0
t mgGq DÍÏÁ¼ ˆeM
tan(90+ ) = ev, t2 − 6t + t − 6 = 0
t mgGq Avbyf„wgK ˆeM
v sin  gt ev, t(t − 6) + 1(1 − 6) = 0
ev,  cot = v cos 
cos v sin gt ev, (t − 6) (t + 1) = 0
ev,  sin  = v cos 
nq t = 6 A^ev t = −1
ev, v sin2gt sin =  v cos2
ev, v(sin2 + cos2) = gt sin t ‰i gvb FYvñK nGZ cvGi bv|
v  t = 6s
ev, v = gt sin  ev, t = g sin
1
vcosec  mvBGKj AvGivnxi AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½ AC = 2 ft2
t=
g
(ˆ`LvGbv nGjv)
1
² 37 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KRb ˆgvUi mvBGKj AvGivnx 15 wgUvi
cÉk
 =  5  62 = 90 m
2
`ƒGi ‰KRb Ak¼vGivnxGK ˆ`LGZ ˆcGq wÕ©iveÕ©v nGZ 5m/sec2
A^Ævr gUi mvBGKj AvGivnx 90m `ƒGi wMGq Ak¼vGivnxGK
Z½iGY Ak¼vGivnxi cøvGZ ˆgvUi mvBGKj PvjvGZ jvMj|
Ak¼vGivnx 12.5 m/sec mgGeGM hvwœQj| aiGZ cviGe| (Ans.)
`†kÅK͸-2: 60 wgUvi DœP Õ¦GÁ¿i kxlÆ nGZ Avbyf„wgGKi mvG^ 30 M gGb Kwi eÕ§wUi cZbKvj t ˆmGK´£

ˆKvGY 100 m/sec Avw`GeGM ‰KwU eÕ§ wbwÞµ¦ nGjv| 1
K. ‰KwU KYv wÕ©iveÕ©v nGZ 7m/sec2 Z½iGY PjGZ ^vKGj ‰Lb h = − usint + 2 gt2 mƒò nGZ cvB,
Z‡Zxq ˆmGKG´£ KZ `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KiGe? 2 1 2
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ ˆgvUi mvBGKj AvGivnx KZ `ƒGi wMGq 60 = − 100 sin 30  t +
2
gt
Ak¼vGivnxGK aiGZ cviGe? 4 1 1
M. `†kÅK͸-2 AbymvGi eÕ§wU Õ¦Á¿ nGZ KZ `ƒGi f„wgGK AvNvZ ev, 60 = − 100  2 t + 2  9.8t2
KiGe? 4
ev, 4.9t2 − 50t − 60 = 0
[hGkvi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 7]
−(−50)  (−50)2 − 44.9(−60)
37 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb t=
2  4.9
K Avgiv Rvwb, t Zg ˆmGKG´£ AwZKÌv¯¦ `ƒiZ½

50  60.63
1 =
9.8
= 11.29 ˆmGK´£ (cÉvq) (+ wPn× wbGq)
Sth = u + f(2t − 1)
2
 eÕ§wUÕ¦Á¿ nGZ ˆh `ƒiGZ½ f„wgGK
‰LvGb, u = 0, f = 7 ms−2 , t = 3s
1
AvNvZ KiGe Zvi `ƒiZ½ = u cos t
 S3 = 0 +  7 (2  3 − 1) 3
2 = 100   11.29 m
7 35 2
=  5m = m = 17.5 m (Ans.) = 977.74 m (cÉvq) (Ans.)
2 2

L gGb Kwi A we±`yGZ AeÕ©vbKvGj gUi mvBGKj AvGivnx B

 ² 38 `†kÅK͸-1:
cÉk
 Y
30 m/s

we±`yGZ Ak¼vGivnxGK ˆ`LGZ ˆcj ‰es t mgq ci C we±`yGZ

wMGq Ak¼vGivnxGK aiGZ cviGe|
30
O X
A B C A
`†kÅK͸-2: B

Ak¼vGivnxi ˆÞGò BC = 12.5t [‹ s = vt] d

A d d C
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 75
muvZvi‚i ˆeM u1, ˆmÉvGZi ˆeM u2, AB = d, AC = 2d 0. 668
= = 0.068
9.8
K. u ˆeGM f„wg nGZ Lvov DcGii w`GK wbwÞµ¦ KYvi DïvbKvj
wbYÆq Ki| 2  1 wgUvi DœPZvq AeÕ©vGbi mgGqi cv^ÆKÅ:
L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰ wbwÞµ¦ KYvwU 1 wgUvi DœPZvq ˆcuŒQvi mgGqi (2.993 – 0.068) ˆmGK´£ = 2.925 ˆmGK´£ (cÉvq) (Ans.)
cv^ÆKÅ wbYÆq Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰ AC eivei cÉevwnZ b`x ‰KRb muvZvi‚ t1 M gGb Kwi, AB cG^ hvòvKvGj muvZvi‚i ˆeM u1 ‰es ˆmÉvGZi

mgGq AB `ƒiZ½ ‰es t2 mgGq AC `ƒiZ½ AwZKÌg KiGj t1 ˆeM u2 ‰i gaÅeZÆx ˆKvY  ‰es jwº¬ ˆeM v
‰es t2 ‰i AbycvZ wbYÆq Ki| 4
[ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 7]  ˆeGMi mvgv¯¦wiK mƒò Abyhvqx,
38 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb v = u12 + u22 + 2u1u2 cos ... ... (i)
2

K u Avw`GeGM ‰KwU eÕ§KYvGK f„wg ˆ^GK Lvov DcGii w`GK

 u sin
wbGÞc KiGj AwfKlÆR Z½iY cÉwZK„Gj KvR KGi eGj g Avevi, tan 90 = u +1 u cos
2 1

g±`Gbi m†wÓ¡ nq ‰es ˆeM KÌgk KgGZ ^vGK| meÆvwaK u2 + u1 cos

DœPZvq DVGZ t mgq jvMGj, ev, cot 90 = u1 sin
v = u – gt
ev, 0 = u – gt [ meÆvwaK DœPZvq ˆeM kƒbÅ] ev, u2 + u1 cos = 0
u
t=  u1 cos = – u2
g

 DïvbKvj = g (Ans.)
u (i) bs ‰ ‰B gvb ewmGq cvB,

L Avgiv Rvwb, cÉwÞµ¦ eÕ§ KYvi DÍÏwÁ¼K miY,

 v2 = u12 + u22 + 2u2.(– u2)

y = ut sin –
1 2
gt ev, v2 = u12 – u22
2
1 v = u12 – u22
 1 = 30. t. sin 30 –  9. 8  t2
2
1 ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, b`xi weÕ¦vi d.
ev, 1 = t  30  2 – 4.9t2 ‰LvGb,
 d = vt1
ev, 4.9t2 + 1 = 15t Avw`GeM, u = 30 ms– 1
d d
wbGÞcb ˆKvY,  = 30  t1 = =
v
2 u12 – u22
 4.9t – 15t + 1 = 0

t=
15  (– 15)2 – 4  1  4 . 9 Avevi, ˆmÉvGZi AbyK„Gj AC cG^ cÉK‡Z ˆeM, u1 + u2
2  4.9
kZÆgGZ, 2d = (u1 + u2)t2
15  225 – 19.6
= 2d
9.8
 t2 =
u1 + u2
15  205.4 15  14.332
= = d 2d
9.8 9.8  t1 : t 2 = :
u12 – u22 u1 + u2
(+) wPn× wbGq,
= (u1 + u2) : 2 u12  u22
15 + 14.332 29.332
t= = = 2.993 2
9.8 9.8 = ( u1 + u2) : 2 (u1 + u2)(u1  u2)
15 – 14.332
(–) wPn× wbGq, t = = u1 + u2 : 2 u1 – u2 (Ans.)
9.8
76 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY

`kg AaÅvq: weÕ¦vi cwigvc I mÁ¿vebv

cÉk
 ² 14 `†kÅK͸-1: 15 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
ˆkÉwYeÅvwµ¦ 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 K AeRÆbkxj NUbv: `yB ev ZGZvwaK NUbv hw` ‰i…Gc ciÕ·i

MYmsLÅv 10 15 20 17 8 mÁ·KÆhyÚ nq ˆh ZvG`i gGaÅ ˆh ˆKvGbv `yBwU NUbv ‰KGò
`†kÅK͸-2: ‰KwU eÅvGM 7wU jvj, 5wU KvGjv ‰es 4wU mv`v ej NUGZ cvGi| ZvnGj ‰B NUbvmgƒnGK AeRÆbkxj NUbv eGj|
AvGQ| 3wU ej Š`efvGe ˆbIqv nGjv| ‰K cÅvGKU Zvm ‰i gvGS ˆh ˆKvGbv Zvm wbGj ZvmwU jvj
1 1 nIqvi NUbv I ˆUØv nIqvi NUbv `ywU AeRÆbkxj NUbv|
K. P(A) = 3 , P(B) = 6 , A I B Õ¼vaxb nGj P(A / B) wbYÆq Ki| 2
L SzwoGZ 4wU mv`v ej I 5wU KvGjv ej ˆgvU 9wU ej AvGQ|

L. `†kÅK͸-1 ‰i Z^Åvw`i MYmsLÅv wbGekb mviwY ˆ^GK
9wU ej ˆ^GK 3wU ej evQvB Kiv hvq 9C3 DcvGq|
ˆf`vâ wbYÆq Ki| 4
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i AvGjvGK KgcGÞ 2wU jvj ej nIqvi Avevi, 4wU mv`v ej ˆ^GK 3wU ej evQvB Kiv hvq 4C3 DcvGq
mÁ¿veÅZv wbYÆq Ki| 4 wbiGcÞfvGe wZbwU ej ˆZvjv nGj wZbwU ejB mv`v nIqvi
4
wkLbdj- 3, 6 I 7 [PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ -2019  cÉk² bs 8] C 4 1
mÁ¿vebv = 9C3 = 84 = 21 (Ans.)
3
14 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb M ‰LvGb, xi = 5, 9, 8, 11, 20, 23, 24, 14, 15, 21

1 1
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, P(A) = 3 , P(B) = 6
  xi = 5 + 9 + 8 + 11 + 20 + 23 + 24 + 14 + 15 + 21 = 150
1 1 1 ‰es xi2 = 52 + 92 + 82 + 112 + 202 + 232 + 242 + 142
AI B Õ¼vaxb nGj, P(A  B) = P(A) . P(B) = 3 . 6 = 18 + 152 + 212 = 2658
2
1 xi xi2 2658 150 2
‰Lb, P(A | B) =
P(A  B) 18 1
P(B)
= 1 = (Ans.)
3
 ˆf`vâ, 2 =
n

 n  = 10  10 ( )
= 265.8  225 = 40.8 (Ans.)
6
L ˆf`vâ wbYÆGqi mviwY:
 cÉk
² 16
ˆkÉwY eÅvwµ¦ MYmsLÅv gaÅwe±`y (xi) fixi fixi2 bÁ¼i 51-60 61-70 71-80 81-90 91-100
(fi)
21-30 10 25.5 255 6502.5
wkÞv^xÆ 10 20 15 10 5

31-40 15 35.5 532.5 18903.75 K. cÉ`î mviwYi RbÅ cwimi KZ? 2

41-50 20 45.5 910 41405 L. DóxcGK ewYÆZ Z^Åvw`i mviwY ˆ^GK cwiwgZ eÅeavb wbYÆq
51-60 17 55.5 943.5 52364.25 Ki| 4
61-70 8 65.5 524 34322
N = 70 n n M. DóxcGKi AvGjvGK Mo eÅeavb wbYÆq Ki| 4
 fixi  fixi2 [w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 8]
i=1 i=1 16 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
= 3165 = 153497.5
n K DœPmxgv = 100, wbÁ²mxgv = 51

fixi2 fixi2 153497.2 3165 2
 ˆf`vâ,  =  2

i=1
N

 N 
=
70

70 ( )  cwimi, R = 100  51 = 49 (Ans.)
= 148.4898 (Ans.) L cwiwgZ eÅeavb wbYÆGqi ZvwjKv:

M eÅvGM 7wU jvj, 5wU KvGjv ‰es 4wU mv`v ej AvGQ| ˆgvU ej
 di =
xia
msLÅv 16wU| 16wU ej nGZ 3wU ej 16C3 DcvGq ˆbqv hvq| gaÅwe±`y MYmsLÅv c
ˆkÉYx mxgv fidi fidi2
‰Lb, KgcGÞ 2wU jvj ej nIqvi mÁ¿vebv xi fi a=75.5
c=10
= P{(2wU jvj I ‰KwU wf®²) A^ev (wZbwUB jvj)}
51-60 55.5 10 –2 – 20 40
= P(2wU jvj I ‰KwU wf®²) + P (wZbwUB jvj) 61-70 65.5 20 –1 – 20 20
7
C2  9C1 7C3 21  9 35 224 2 71-80 75.5 15 0 0 0
= 16 + 16 = + = = (Ans.)
C3 C3 560 560 560 5
81-90 85.5 10 1 10 10
cÉk
 ² 15 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KwU SzwoGZ 4wU mv`v ej ‰es 5wU KvGjv 91-100 95.5 5 2 10 20
ej AvGQ| fiidi fiidi2
ˆgvU N=60
= 20 = 90
`†kÅK͸-2: cÉ`î Dcvî : 5, 9, 8, 11, 20, 23, 24, 14, 15, 21. 2 2
K. D`vniYmn AeRÆbkxj NUbvi msæv `vI| 2 cwiwgwZ eÅeavb,  = fidi fidi
    c2
 N  N  
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ wbiGcÞfvGe wZbwU ej DVvGbv nGj ej 2
wZbwU mv`v nIqvi mÁ¿vebv wbYÆq Ki| 4 = 90  20   102
60  60  
M. `†kÅK͸-2 ‰i Z^Åmvwi ˆ^GK ˆf`vâ wbYÆq Ki| 4
[ewikvj ˆevWÆ -2019  cÉk² bs 8] = 138.89
wkLbdj- 2, 3 I 6
= 11.785 (Ans.)
ˆevWÆ cixÞvi cÉk²cGòi mgvavb 77
M Mo eÅeavb wbYÆGqi ZvwjKv:
 M eÅvGM ˆgvU ej AvGQ (9 + 7)wU = 16wU

gaÅwe±`y MYmsLÅv   16wU ˆ^GK 6wU ej 16C6 cÉKvGi ˆZvjv hvq|
ˆkÉYx mxgv |xi – x| fi|xi  x|
xi fi myZivs 3wU ej jvj I 3wU ej mv`v nIqvi mÁ¿vebv
51-60 55.5 10 16.66 166.7 = P(3wU jvj ej I 3wU mv`v ej)
61-70 65.5 20 6.66 133.3 9
C3  7C3 84  35 105
71-80 75.5 15 3.33 49.95 = 16 = = (Ans.)
C6 8008 286
81-90 85.5 10 13.33 133.4
91-100 95.5 5 23.33 116.65 cÉk
² 18 `†kÅK͸-1: ‰KwU QØv ‰es `yBwU gy`Ëv ‰KGò wbGÞc
fi|xi – x| Kiv nj|
ˆgvU N=60
=600 `†kÅK͸-2: wbGÁ² ‰KwU MYmsLÅv wbGekb ˆ`Iqv nj:
 ˆkÉwY eÅeavb 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39
fi |xi  x| 600
 Mo eÅeavb, MD = = = 10 (Ans.)
N 60 MYmsLÅv 5 8 14 12 9 6
[e. ˆev. 17  cÉk² bs 8]
cÉk
 ² 17 `†kÅK͸-1 : «¼v`k ˆkÉwYi 55 Rb QvGòi MwYGZi bÁ¼Gii
K. eRÆbkxj ‰es AeRÆbkxj NUbvi msæv `vI| 2
‰KwU WvUv wbGÁ² ˆ`Iqv nj :
L. bgybvGÞGòi mvnvGhÅ 2wU ˆnW I weGRvo msLÅv nIqvi mÁ¿vebv
bÁ¼i 51−60 61−70 71−80 81−90 91−100
ˆei Ki| 4
Qvò msLÅv 7 18 15 10 5
M. wbGekbwUi cwiwgZ eÅeavb wbYÆq Ki| 4
`†kÅK͸-2: ‰KwU eÅvGM 9wU jvj I 7wU mv`v ej AvGQ| [ewikvj ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 8]
wbiGcÞfvGe 6wU ej ˆZvjv nGjv| 18 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb
1 3
K. P(A) = 3, P(B) = 4, A I B Õ¼vaxb nGj P(A  B) ‰i gvb K eRÆbkxj NUbv (Mutually Exclusive Events): `yBwU NUbv

wbYÆq Ki| 2 ZLbB eRÆbkxj nq hLb ZvG`i gGaÅ ˆKvGbv mvaviY bgybv we±`y
L. `†kÅK͸-1 nGZ cwiwgZ eÅeavb wbYÆq Ki| 4 ^vGK bv| `yB ev ZGZvwaK NUbv hw` ciÕ·i ‰i…Gc mÁ·wKÆZ
M. `†kÅK͸-2 nGZ 3wU ej jvj I 3wU ej mv`v nIqvi mÁ¿vebv ^vGK hvGZ ZvG`i ˆh ˆKvGbv `yBwU NUbv ‰KB mvG^ NUv mÁ¿e
bq ZvnGj DÚ NUbv mgƒnGK ciÕ·i eRÆbkxj ev wewœQ®² NUbv
wbYÆq Ki| 4
[PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ-2017  cÉk² bs 8]
eGj|
17 bs cÉGk²i mgvavb S

1 3
K ˆ`Iqv AvGQ, P(A) = 3 ‰es P(B) = 4
 A B

‰LvGb, A I B Õ¼vaxb|
1 3 1 wPò : A I B eRÆbkxj NUbv
myZivs P(A  B) = P(A). P(B) = 3 . 4 = 4
AeRÆbkxj NUbv (Not mutually Exlusive Events): `yB ev
myZivs P(A  B) = P(A) + P(B)  P(A  B) ZGZvwaK NUbv hw` ‰i…Gc ciÕ·i mÁ·KÆ hyÚ nq ˆh ZvG`i
1 3 1 4 + 9  3 13  3 10 5
= +  = = = = gGaÅ ˆh ˆKvGbv `yBwU NUbv ‰KGò NUGZ cvGi ZvnGj ‰B
3 4 4 12 12 12 6
NUbvmgƒnGK ciÕ·i AeRÆbkxj NUbv eGj| ‰i…c NUbv«¼Gqi
(Ans.)
gGaÅ AekÅB mvaviY bgybv we±`y ^vKGe|
L cwiwgZ eÅeavb wbYÆGqi QK :

S
u =
Qvò gaÅwe±`y x  i75.5 2 3
bÁ¼i i fiui fiui2 A B
msLÅv (fi) (xi) 10
6
4
51-60 7 55.5 2  14 28
61-70 18 65.5 1  18 18 (A  B)
71-80 15 75.5 = a 0 0 0 wPò : A I B AeRÆbkxj NUbv
81-90 10 85.5 1 10 10
L `yBwU gy`Ëv I ‰KwU QØv wbGÞc KiGj bgybv ˆÞòwU wbÁ²i…cfvGe

91-100 5 95.5 2 10 20
fi = N = fiui = fiui2 ˆ`LvGbv ˆhGZ cvGi:
‰KwU QØvi bgybv ˆÞGòi bgybvwe±`y
`ywU gy`Ëvi bgybv ˆÞGòi

55 12 = 76
fiui2 fiui2 1 2 3 4 5 6
 cwiwgZ eÅeavb = c 
bgybv we±`y

N N H (HH1) (HH2) (HH3 (HH4) (HH5) (HH6)

76  122 H )
= 10  HT (HT1) (HT2) (HT3) (HT4) (HT5) (HT6)
55  55 
TH (TH1) (TH2) (TH3) (TH4) (TH5) (TH6)
= 10 1.3818  0.0476
TT (TT1) (TT2) (TT3) (TT4) (TT5) (TT6)
= 10 1.3342
= 10  1.155 bgybv ˆÞGòi ˆgvU bgybv we±`yi msLÅv, n(S) = 24
= 11.55 (cÉvq) (Ans.) awi, A `yBwU ˆnW I weGRvo msLÅv cvevi NUbv
78 cvGéix DœPZi MwYZ w«¼Zxq cò  ‰Kv`k-«¼v`k ˆkÉwY
A NUbvi AbyK„j bgybvGÞò : {HH1, HH3, HH5} fiui2 fiui2
 cwiwgZ eÅeavb,  = –
 N  c
 A NUbvi AbyK„j bgybvwe±`yi msLÅv, n(A) = 3 N
AZ‰e wbGYÆq mÁ¿vebv, 130 30 2
n(A) 3 1 = –  5
P(A) = =  . 54  54
n(S) 24 8
= 2.4074 – 0.3086  5
M wbGekbwUi cwiwgZ eÅeavb wbYÆq KiGZ wbÁ²wjwLZ QKwU ŠZwi Kiv

= 2.0988  5
nGjv:
= 1.4487  5
ˆkÉwY gaÅwe±`y MYmsLÅv ui = xia
c fiui fiui2 = 7.2435 (cÉvq) (Ans.)
eÅeavb xi fi
a=22, c=5
10-14 12 5 –2 – 10 20
15-19 17 8 –1 –8 8
20-24 22 14 0 0 0
25-29 27 12 1 12 12
30-34 32 9 2 18 36
35-39 37 6 3 18 54
ˆgvU N = 54 fiui=30 fiui2 = 130