Quadratic Equations and Solutions
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raditraian1107Quadratic Equations and Solutions
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raditraian1107beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 150
cÂg Aa¨vq
mgxKiY
cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`
GK PjK mgwš^Z w`^NvZ mgxKiY I Zvi mgvavb :
GK PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc ax2 + bx + c = 0. GLv‡b, a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a 0|
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb,
ax2 + bx + c = 0
ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K a Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
ev, (ax)2 + 2(ax) + + ac = 0
ev, = ac
ev, =
ev, ax + =
ev, ax =
ev, x = (i)
AZGe, x Gi `yBwU gvb cvIqv †Mj Ges gvb `yBwU n‡”Q,
(i) x1 = (ii)
(ii) x2 = (iii)
Dc‡ii (i) bs mgxKi‡Y b2 4ac †K wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK e‡j| KviY Bnv mgxKiYwUi g~j؇qi
aib I cÖK…wZ wbY©q K‡i|
wbðvq‡Ki Ae¯’v‡f‡` wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~j؇qi aib I cÖK…wZ
(i) b2 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I g~j` n‡e|
(ii) b2 4ac > 0 wKš‘ c~Y©eM© bv n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j` n‡e|
(iii) b2 4ac = 0 n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb n‡e| G‡¶‡Î x = , .
(iv) b2 4ac < 0 A_©vr FYvZ¥K n‡j ev¯Íe g~j bvB|
Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb
m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wb‡Pi mgxKiY¸‡jvi A_©vr x1 = Ges x2 =
mgvavb Ki : x1 = x2 =
cÖkœ \ 1 \ 2x2 + 9x + 9 = 0 x1 = , x2 = 3
mgvavb : 2x2 + 9x + 9 = 0 †K wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi wb‡Y©q mgvavb : , 3
Av`k©iƒc ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, cÖkœ \ 2 \ 3 4x 2x2 = 0
a = 2, b = 9 Ges c = 9 mgvavb : 3 4x 2x2 = 0
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = ev, 2x2 4x + 3 = 0
ev, x = mgxKiYwUi Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx +
ev, x = c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = − 2, b = − 4 Ges c =
3
ev, x =
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
ev, x =
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 151
ev, x = mgvavb : 2 3x2 + 9x = 0
ev, x = ∴ 3x2 + 9x + 2 = 0
ev, x = mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 +
ev, x = bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = − 3, b = 9 Ges
c=2
ev, x =
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
ev, x =
ev, x =
ev, x = 1
ev, x =
A_©vr x1 = 1 + , x2 = 1
ev, x =
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : ,
ev, x =
cÖkœ \ 3 \ 4x 1 x2 = 0
A_©vr x1 = , x2 =
mgvavb : 4x 1 x2 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : ,
ev, x2 + 4x 1 = 0
cÖkœ \ 7 \ x2 8x + 16 = 0
mgxKiYwUi Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx +
mgvavb : x2 8x + 16 = 0
c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 1, b = 4 Ges c = 1
mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 +
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 1, b = 8 Ges c
x= = 16
ev, x = AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
x= = =
ev, x =
x1 = , x2 =
ev, x =
A_©vr, x1 = 4, x2 = 4
ev, x =
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 4, 4
ev, x = 2
A_©vr x1 = 2 + , x2 = 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 2 + ,
cÖkœ \ 4 \ 2x2 5x 1 = 0
mgvavb : 2x2 5x 1 = 0
mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 +
bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 2, b = 5 Ges c
= 1
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
ev, x =
ev, x =
A_©vr x1 = (5 + , x2 = (5 )
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (5 + , (5 )
cÖkœ \ 5 \ 3x2 + 7x + 1 = 0
mgvavb : 3x2 + 7x + 1 = 0
mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 +
bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 3, b = 7
Ges c = 1
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
ev, x =
ev, x =
ev, x =
ev, x =
A_©vr x1 = ( 7 + ), x2 = ( 7 )
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (7 ), (7 +
cÖkœ \ 6 \ 2 3x2 + 9x = 0
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 152
cÖkœ \ 8 \ 2x2 + 7x 1 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 +
mgvavb : 2x2 + 7x 1 = 0 bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = − 3, b = 7 Ges
mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + c=−2
bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, a = 2, b = 7 Ges c AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x =
= 1 ev, x =
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = ev, x =
ev, x =
x= = =
ev, x =
x1 = (7 + ), x2 = (7 )
∴ x1 = x2 =
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (7 + ), (7 = =
cÖkœ \ 9 \ 7x 2 3x2 = 0 = =2
mgvavb : 7x 2 3x2 = 0 A_©vr x1 = , x2 = 2
ev, 3x2 + 7x 2 = 0 wb‡Y©q mgvavb: x = , 2
¸iæZ¡c~Y© enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
1. 3x2 2x 1 = 0 mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 8 L 4 M 4 16 i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
2. x2 6x + 9 = 0 mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki gvb 10. ax + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe I
2
KZ? g~j` n‡j
K 1 0 M 1 N 2
i. b2 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© n‡e
3. x 8x + 16 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK KZ?
2
ii. b2 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© bq
K 4 0 M 4 N 8
iii. b2 4ac = 0
4. a(x + b) < c Ges a < 0 n‡j AmgZvwUi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
mgvavb †KvbwU? K i L ii i I iii N i, ii I iii
K x< b x> b M x< +b N x> +b
11. 2x 7x 1 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq
2
5. †KvbwU mij‰iwLK dvsk‡bi mvaviY
i. ev¯Íe ii. Amgvb
iƒc?
iii. Ag~j`
f(x) = mx + c L f(x) = ax2 + bx + c
M f(x, y) = x2 + y2 = a2 N f(x) = 4ax wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
6. 2x2 3x 1 = 0 Gi wbðvqK KZ? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
K 15 L 16 17 N 18 12. a 11a + 30 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi exRØq
2
7. F(x) = (x 1)2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? i. c~Y©msL¨v ii. Amgvb
K 1+y L 1 1± N 1+ iii. Aev¯Íe
8. ax2 + bx + c = 0 wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ev¯Íe n‡e hLb i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. b2 4ac > 0 wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 13 I 14 bs cÖ‡kœi
ii. b2 4ac = 0
DËi `vI :
iii. b2 4ac < 0
ax2 + bx + c = 0 hv wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
13. hw` a = 1, b = 1 Ges c = 1 nq, Z‡e x Gi gvb
i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
KZ?
9. ax2 + bx + c = 0 G L
i. a-Gi gvb k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv M N
ii. b2 4ac †K wbðvqK e‡j 14. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK n‡”Q
iii. b2 4ac > 0 wKš‘ c~Y©eM© bv n‡j K L
b 4ac
2
N b2 + 4ac
mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I
g~j` n‡e
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 153
51 : GK PjK msewjZ wØNvZ 26. x 6x + 9 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi
2
†KvbwU? (ga¨g)
mgxKiY I Zvi mgvavb 3, 3 L3 M 4, 3 N 2, 3
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb 27. 3 4x x = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvq‡Ki gvbÑ
2
(ga¨g)
cÖ‡kœvËi 28 L2 M2+ N 2
15. ax + bx + c = 0 Ges a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v n‡j 7x 28. x2 2x 2 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi
2
– 2 – 3x2 = 0 mgxKi‡Y c Gi gvb †KvbwU? †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
(mnR) 1 L 2 M3 N 4
K0 –2 M –3 N7 29. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wb‡Pi
16. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Ges a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v n‡j 2 †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
– 3x + x = 0 mgxKi‡Y a-Gi gvb †KvbwU?
2 K L
M
(mnR)
30. ax + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU‡Z wbðvqK
2
K0 L2 –3 N9
wb‡Pi †KvbwU n‡e?
17. †Kv‡bv AÁvZ ivwk ev ivwkgvjv hLb
(mnR)
wbw`©ó msL¨vi ev gv‡bi mgvb †jLv
K a 4ab
2
b 4ac
2
M c2 4ab N b2 4ab
nq ZLb Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (mnR)
31. wb‡Pi †KvbwU GK PjKwewkó wØNvZ
K ivwk L ivwkgvjv M mgvavb
mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc? (mnR)
mgxKiY 2
K ax + by = 0 ax + bx + c = 0
18. x2 – 5x + 6 = 0 Gi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? M ax2 + by2 + c = 0 N ax + bx2 + c = 0
(ga¨g) 32. wb‡Pi †Kvb gv‡bi Rb¨ ax2 + bx + c = 0
K 1, 3 L 1, 2 2, 3 N 3, 4 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY n‡e?
19. 3x – 7 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi (ga¨g)
†KvbwU? (ga¨g) Ka=1 Lb=0 Mb0 a0
K5 L M 33. †h mgxKi‡Y AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K
20. 8x – 3x – 5 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi NvZ KZ?
2
Zv‡K Kx e‡j? (ga¨g)
(ga¨g) K AÁvZ PjK m~PK mgxKiY
K1 2 M3 N –8
M mgZv N dvskb
21. wb‡Pi †KvbwU GK PjK wewkó wØNvZ
34. Pj‡Ki †h gvb ev gvb¸‡jvi Rb¨
mgxKiY? (mnR)
mgxKi‡Yi Dfq cÿ mgvb nq Zv‡K H
K 3x – 3 = 2 L7–x=3
5x2 – 2x – 5 = 0 N 3x3 – 2x – 2 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi Kx e‡j? (ga¨g)
22. ax + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK b2 4ac > 0
2 exR L AmgZv M †mU N wØc`
Ges c~Y©eM© n‡j g~jØq n‡eÑ 35. 5x + 6x + 8 = 0 wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi g~j
2
(mnR) KqwU? (ga¨g)
ev¯Íe, Amgvb I g~j` L ev¯Íe, K GKwU `yBwU M wZbwU N PviwU
Amgvb I Ag~j` 36. (3x 6) mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi
M ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb N ev¯Íe I †KvbwU? (mnR)
K6 L3 2 N0
Ag~j`
23. wbðvqK b2 4ac > 0 Ges c~Y©eM© n‡j 37. 2x 3x 1 = 0 Gi wbðvqK KZ? (mnR)
2
K 15 L 16 17 N 18
Kx n‡e? (mnR)
38. x2 6x + 9 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK wb‡Pi
g~jØq ev¯Íe L Aev¯Íe M Ag~j`N
†KvbwU? (mnR)
RwUj K 40 L6 M2 0
24. b2 4ac < 0 n‡j g~jØq wKiƒc n‡e? 39. ax + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe I
2
(mnR) ci¯úi mgvb n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU
Aev¯Íe L ev¯Íe M mgvb N c~Y©eM©
mwVK? (mnR)
25. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK k~b¨ n‡j b 4ac = 0
2
L b 4ac 0
2
g~jØq Kx n‡e? M b2 4ac 0 N b2 4ac
(KwVb)
K + M 2b N 2ab
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 154
40. x2 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j؇qi cÖK…wZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
(KwVb) Ki I ii I iii
L i M ii I iii i, ii I iii
ev¯Íe I Amgvb
K ev¯Íe I mgvb 48. 2 3x + 9x = 0 mgxKi‡YÑ
2
M Ag~j` I mgvb N Amgvb I g~j` i. a = 3, b = 9, c = 2, †hLv‡b Av`k© mgxKiY
41. wb‡Pi †KvbwU 4x 1 x2 = 0 Gi g~j?
2 ax2 + bx + c = 0
(KwVb) wbðvqK = 105
ii.
K2 L2+ 2 N2+2 g~jØq ev¯Íe
iii.
42. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Ges a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v n‡j x2 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
− x − 16 = 0 mgxKi‡Y b Gi gvb KZ? (mnR)
(ga¨g) Ki I ii I iii
Li ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K1 −1 M 16 N − 16 49. ax + bx + c = 0, wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi †ÿ‡ÎÑ
2
e¨vL¨v : Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 cÖ`Ë
i. a = 0 n‡Z cv‡i
mgxKiY 1.x2 + (− 1).x + (− 16) = 0
∴ mgxKiYØq Zzjbv K‡i cvB a = 1, b = − 1, c = − 16 ii. x =
43. x + 8x + 6 = 4x − 2 mgxKiYwU †Kvb
2 iii. g~j `yBwU
ai‡bi mgxKiY? (mnR) wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K GKNvZ wØNvZ (ga¨g)
M wÎNvZ N `yB PjK K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
44. x2 − 6x + 9 = 0 Gi g~jØq wKiƒc? 50. am + bx + c = 0 wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq
2
(mnR) g~j` n‡e hLbÑ
i. b2 − 4ac > 0
ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb L ev¯Íe I
ii. b2 − 4ac < 0
Ag~j`
iii. b2 − 4ac c~Y©
eM©
M ev¯Íe I ci¯úi Amgvb N ev¯Íe,
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Amgvb I Ag~jK
(ga¨g)
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK Ki I iiI iii M ii I iii
i N i, ii I iii
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 51. ax + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Y c = 0 Ges a.b g~j`
2
45. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi †ÿ‡ÎÑ n‡jÑ
i. g~j¸‡jv g~j`
i. a = 0 n‡j, mgxKi‡Yi g~j ev¯Íe n‡e
ii. GKwU g~j 0
ii. b = c = 0 n‡j, x = 0 n‡e
iii. GKwU g~j
iii. a = 1 n‡j, x =
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(ga¨g)
(ga¨g)
Ki I ii I iii
L i ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Ki I ii I iii
LiM ii I iii i, ii I iii
46. ax + bx + c = 0 wØNvZ mgxKiY n‡jÑ
2 52. ax + bx + c = 0, mgxKi‡Y b = c = 0 n‡j-
2
i. a 0 i. g~jØq mgvb n‡e
ii. wbðvqK = b2 4ac ii. g~jØq wfbœ n‡e
iii. mgxKiYwUi
`yBwU g~j _vK‡e iii. GKwU g~j 0 n‡e
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(mnR) (KwVb)
Ki I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
47. i. †Kv‡bv AÁvZ ivwk ev ivwkgvjv hLb 53. GKwU msL¨v Ges H msL¨vi ¸YvZ¥K
wbw`©ó msL¨vi ev gv‡bi gvb †jLv nq wecixZ msL¨vi 3 ¸Y 15| m¤¢ve¨
ZLb Zv‡K mgxKiY e‡j| mgxKiYwU MVb Ki‡j nq
ii. ax + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wØNvZ mgxKiY
2 i. x + = 5
ii. x2 15x = 3
e‡j|
iii. x2 5x + 1 = 0
iii. exRMwY‡Zi mgxKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ A‡bK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ev¯Íe mgm¨v mgvavb Kiv hvq| (ga¨g)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 155
Ki I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 60. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡j
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK mgxKiYwU‡Z b Gi gvb KZ?
(mnR)
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K6 L1 Mb 5
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K n‡Z 54 - 56 bs 61. Gi exRØq wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (KwVb)
3, 2 L 2, 3 M 5, 6 N 3, 2
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ax + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
2 62. mgxKi‡Yi exRØq wKiƒc n‡e?
(ga¨g)
54. a = 1, b = 2, c = 3 n‡j mgxKiYwU Kx n‡e?
K mij ev¯Íe I ci¯úi Amgvb
(mnR)
2
M FYvZ¥K N ev¯Íe I mgvb
K x + 6x + 5 L x2 + x + c = 0
2
x + 2x + 3 = 0 N x2 – x + 5 = 0 wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 63 Ñ 65 bs cÖ‡kœi
55. x – 5x + 4 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡Z c Gi gvb KZ?
2 DËi `vI :
(mnR) 3 4x x2 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
K5 L1 M –5 4 63. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ?
56. x – 5x + 4 mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki gvb
2 (mnR)
K 24 L 16 M 28 28
KZ? (ga¨g)
9 L5 M2 N7 64. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq †KvbwU?
(ga¨g)
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 57 Ñ 59 bs cÖ‡kœi
K2 L
DËi `vI : M() ()
x2 8x + 16 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY| 65. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wKiƒc?
57. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡j (mnR)
mgxKiYwU‡Z a, b, c Gi gvb h_vµ‡g K ev¯Íe I g~j` L Aev¯Íe
†KvbwU? (mnR) ev¯Íe I Ag~j` N ev¯Íe, Aev¯Íe I
K 1, 8, 16 1, 8, 16 M 1, 8, 16 N 1, 8, 16 Ag~j`
58. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ? (ga¨g) wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 66 I 67 bs cÖ‡kœi
K 8 0 M1 N 16
DËi `vI :
59. mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
ax + bx + c = 0 †hLv‡b a, b, c ev¯Íe Ges a 0
2
(mnR)
66. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq mgvb I ev¯Íe
K 4, 4 L 4, 4 M 4, 4 4, 4
n‡j †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR)
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 60 Ñ 62 bs cÖ‡kœi 2
K b = − 4ac L b = 4ac
2
DËi `vI : M b2 = b2 > 4ac b2 = 4ac
x 5x + 6 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
2
67. a = − 1, b = − 4, c = 3 n‡j mgxKiYwUi
wbðvq‡Ki eM©g~j †KvbwU?
(ga¨g)
K L 49 N
68. ax2 + bx + c = 0 Ges a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v n‡j 3 73. ax2 + bx + c = 0, wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq
5x2 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi b Gi gvb wb‡Pi ev¯Íe n‡j
†KvbwU? i. b2 4ac 0
0 L1 M3 N5 ii. b2 4ac = 0
iii. b2 4ac 0
69. x2 x 5 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†KvbwU?
L M N i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
70. x 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j KqwU?
2 74. 2x 11x + 9 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi
2
2 L3 M4 N5 i. GKwU g~j 1
71. wØNvZ mgxKiY †KvbwU? ii. wbðvqK 49
K ax + b + c L ax + b iii. g~j¸‡jv g~j`
Mc ax2 + bx + c
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
72. bx2 + 7x 1 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvq‡Ki gvb 57
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
n‡j b Gi gvb KZ?
75. †Kv‡bv wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK D =
2 L4 M 12 N 24
b2 4ac n‡j, mgxKiYwUi g~jØq-
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 156
i. mgvb n‡e hw` D = 0 nq ev¯Íe I Ag~j` N Aev¯Íe I mgvb
ii. Amgvb I ev¯Íe n‡e hw` D 0 nq wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 79 I 80 bs cÖ‡kœi
iii. Amgvb I g~j` n‡e hw` D 0 nq DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 2 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi g~j|
i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 79. Aci g~jwU Kx n‡e?
76. = x mgxKi‡Yi- K2 2+ M2 N2+
i. g~j 3, 3. 80. wØNvZ mgxKiYwU Kx?
x2 + 4x 3 = 0 L x2 x 2 = 0
ii. eM©K…Z mgxKi‡Yi g~j 3, 3 2
M x + (2 + ) x = 0 N x2 + 2 x 3 = 0
iii. AevšÍi g~j Av‡Q
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 81 - 83 bs cÖ‡kœi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
DËi `vI :
K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
3 4x x2 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 77 I 78 bs cÖ‡kœi
81. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ?
DËi `vI : 28 L 24 M 16 N 28
3x + 7x + 1 = 0 GKwU GK PjKwewkó wØNvZ
2
82. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
mgxKiY| K2 L
77. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ? (2 ) N ( )
K 36 37 M 40 N 49 83. mgxKi‡Yi g~j؇qi cÖK…wZ wKiƒc?
78. mgxKi‡Yi g~j¸‡jvi cÖK…wZ wKiƒc? K ev¯Íe I g~j` Aev¯Íe
K ev¯Íe I g~j` L Aev¯Íe I g~j` M ev¯Íe I mgvb N Ag~j`
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ-1 ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ Ges x2 =
mgxKiY| hLb b = c = 0 ZLb,
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU †Kvb ai‡bi x1 = = = 0
mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc? 2 hLb b = c = 0 ZLb,
x2 = = = 0
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY n‡Z x Gi `yBwU
cÖkœ-2 î ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY †hLv‡b a, b
gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
I c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a 0.
M. b = c = 0 n‡j, x1 I x2 Gi gvb wbY©q
K. c = 0 n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~jØq †ei Ki
Ki| 4
Ges g~j؇qi cÖK…wZ we‡kølY
1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb Ki| 2
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 n‡”Q GK PjK L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY n‡Z x1 I x2 wbY©q
mgwš^Z wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Av`k©iƒc| Ki| 4
†hLv‡b a, b, c ev¯Íe| M. a = 1, b = c = 2p n‡j x1 I x2 Gi gvb
msL¨v Ges a Gi gvb KL‡bvB k~b¨ (0) n‡Z wbY©q Ki| 4
cvi‡e bv|
îí 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0
ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K a Øviv ¸Y K‡i] K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0
ev, (ax)2 + 2(ax) + + ac = 0 c = 0 n‡j, ax2 + bx = 0
ev, = ac ev, x(ax + b) = 0
ev, = x = 0 A_ev ax + b = 0
ev, ax + =
x = 0 A_ev x =
ev, ax =
ev, x = myZivs g~j؇qi cÖK…wZ ev¯Íe I Amgvb|
AZGe, x Gi `yBwU gvb cvIqv †Mj Ges gvb L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0
`yBwU n‡”Q ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K a Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
x1 = Ges x2 =
ev, (ax)2 + 2.ax. + + ac = 0
M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cÖvß, x1 =
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 157
ev, = 0 Ges x2 = (Ans.)
x1 =
ev, = ac M. GLb, a = 1, b = c = 2p n‡j,
ev, = x=
ev, = =
ev, ax = =
=
ev, x = =p
AZGe, x-Gi `yBwU gvb cvIqv †Mj Ges gvb x1 = p + Ges x2 = p (Ans.)
`yBwU n‡”Q-
cÖkœ-3 î x2 + 8x + 16 = 0 mgxKiY e‡j| †hgb : 2x + y = 0, x + y + 3x = 0
K. Av`k©iƒc mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv BZ¨vw`|
K‡i a, b, c Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 2 L. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwU ax2 + bx + c = 0
L. m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb Ki| 4 Avgiv wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Kwi,
M. mgxKiYwUi g~‡ji cÖK…wZ ax2 + bx + c = 0
Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4 ev, a2x2 + abx + ac = 0 [ a Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
îí 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí ev, (ax) + 2.ax. + + ac = 0
2
ev, = ac
K. x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
ev, =
Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv
ev, ax + = [eM©g~j K‡i]
K‡i cvB,
a = 1, b = 8, c = 16
ev, ax =
L. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = ev, x =
= x Gi 2wU gvb cvIqv hv‡”Q,
= x1 =
=, Ges x2 =
= 4, 4 M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY 7x2 x 8 = 0
mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x1 = 4, x2 = 4 ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i
M. †`Iqv Av‡Q, x2 + 8x + 16 = 0 cvIqv hvq
wbðvqK = b2 4ac a = 7, b = 1 Ges c = 8
= (8)2 4.1.16
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb,
= 64 64
x=
=0
= = =
†h‡nZz b2 4ac = 0 myZivs g~jØq ev¯Íe I
A_©vr x1 = Ges x2 =
mgvb|
= =
cÖkœ-4 î ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU GK PjK msewjZ Av`k© = = 1
wØNvZ mgxKiY| wb‡Y©q g~jØq , 1
K. mgxKiY Kv‡K e‡j? 2 cÖkœ-5 î ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY| mgxKi‡Yi
L. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwUi g~jØq `yBwU g~j n‡jv, a1 I a2|
wbY©q Ki| 4 K. wØNvZ mgxKiY Kx? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv L. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK wbY©q Ki|4
K‡i 7x2 x 9 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j M. a = 3, b = 4, c = 7 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi
wbY©q Ki| 4 mgvavb Ki| 4
îí 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí îí 5 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
K. mgxKiY : †Kv‡bv AÁvZ ivwk hLb
wbw`©ó msL¨vi mgvb †jLv nq ZLb Zv‡K
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 158
K. †h mgxKi‡Y NvZ ev kw³ `yB Zv‡K wØNvZ L †_‡K cÖvß
mgxKiY e‡j| †hgb : px2 + qx + r = 0 GKwU x=b
wØNvZ mgxKiY| =
= = =
L. 4bs L `ªóe¨| x1 = = = 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwU ax2 + bx + c = 0 Ges x2 = = =
GLv‡b, a = 3, b = 4, c = 7. wb‡Y©q mgvavb; x1 = 1, x2 =
cÖkœ-6 î ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU GKPjK msewjZ wØNvZ ax2 + bx + c = 0 .....................(i)
mgxKiY| †hLv‡b, a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a 0
K. wØNvZ mgxKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 (i) bs mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK b2 4ac
L. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwUi g~jØq b2 4ac 0 Ges b2 4ac c~Y©eM© n‡j g~jØq
wbY©q Ki| 4 ev¯Íe, Amgvb I g~j` n‡e|
M. 2x2 5x 1 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j Avevi, b2 4ac 0 Ges b2 4ac c~Y©eM© bv
wbY©q Ki| (DÏxc‡Ki mgxKi‡Yi n‡j g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j` n‡e|
mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i)| 4 L. 4bs Gi L `ªóe¨|
îí 6 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí M. cvV¨ eB‡qi Abykxjbx 51, D`vniY 4
K. ax2 + bx + c = 0, a 0 AvKv‡ii mgxKiY‡K wØNvZ c„ôv-91 `ªóe¨|
mgxKiY ejv nq| cÖkœ-8 î a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a 0 n‡j ax2 + bx + c
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0 = 0 n‡jv GK PjK wewkó wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi
Av`k©iƒc|
ev, a x + abx + ac = 0 [Dfqcÿ‡K a Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
2 2
K. mgxKiYwUi KqwU exR i‡q‡Q? Gi
ev, (ax)2 + 2.ax. + + ac = 0
wbðvq‡Ki gvb KZ? 2
ev, = 0
L. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Ki| AZtci
ev, = ac
g~j¸‡jvi aib I cÖK…wZ wbY©q
ev, =
Ki| 4
ev, ax + =
M. 3 4x x = 0 mgxKiY‡K cÖ`Ë
2
ev, ax =
mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i a, b, c Gi
ev, x =
gvb wjL Ges mgxKiYwUi
AZGe, x Gi `yBwU gvb cvIqv †Mj Ges gvb
mgvavb Ki| 4
`yBwU n‡”Q-
Ges (Ans.) îí 8 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
M. 2x2 5x 1 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡K Av`k©iƒc wØNvZ K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, a, b, c ev¯Íe msL¨v|
mgxKiY Ges ax2 + bx + c = 0; a 0 .....................(i)
ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, mgxKiYwU wØNvZ, AZGe Gi `yBwU g~j
a = 2, b = 5 Ges c = 1 we`¨gvb|
AZGe mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK = b2 4ac (Ans.)
= L. 4bs Gi L `ªóe¨|
= = b2 4ac cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK hv
A_©vr, x1 = Ges x2 = (Ans.) mgxKiYwUi g~j؇qi aib I cÖK…wZ
cÖkœ-7 î ax2 + bx + c = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi wbY©q K‡i|
Av`k© iƒc †hLv‡b, a, b I c ev¯Íe msL¨v Ges a 0
wbðvq‡Ki Ae¯’v‡f‡` mgxKiYwUi g~j؇qi
K. b2 4ac 0 n‡j mgxKiYwUi g~j؇qi aib I cÖK…wZ :
aib I cÖK…wZ wKiƒc n‡e? 2 (i) b2 4ac = 0 n‡j mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe I
L. †`Iqv †h, x = 4 ci¯úi mgvb n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î x = ,
M. 3 4x x = 0 mgxKiYwU DwjøwLZ
2
(ii) b2 4ac 0 Ges c~Y©eM© n‡j,
mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, g~j` I
mgvavb Ki| 4 Amgvb n‡e|
îí 7 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q,
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 159
(iii) b2 4ac 0Ges c~Y©eM© bv n‡j, M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, 2x2 + 7x 1 = 0
mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Ag~j` I DÏxc‡Ki mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB,
Amgvb n‡e| x=
= =
(iv) b 4ac 0 n‡j g~jØq Aev¯Íe n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î
2
ev, x = (7 )
g~jØq memgq `yBwU AbyeÜx RwUj
x = ( 7 + ) Ges ( 7 )
msL¨v nq|
mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ( 7 + ) Ges ( 7 ) (Ans.)
M. cvV¨ eB‡qi Abykxjbx 51, D`vniY 4 c„ôv-
91 `ªóe¨|
cÖkœ-9 î ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU GK PjK msewjZ Av`k©
wØNvZ mgxKiY|
K. c = 0 n‡j g~j Kx n‡e Ges Gi cÖK…
wZ wKiƒc? 2
L. mgxKiYwUi g~jØq wbY©q Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i
2x2 + 7x 1 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j
wbY©q Ki| 4
îí 9 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, ax2 + bx + c = 0
c = 0 n‡j, ax2 + bx = 0
ev, x(ax + b) = 0
x = 0 A_ev ax + b = 0
x = 0 A_ev x =
myZivs g~j؇qi cÖK…wZ ev¯Íe I Amgvb|
L. m„Rbkxj 4(L) mgvavb †`L|
m„Rbkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn
cÖkœ-10 x2 5x + 6 = 0, x2 6x + 9 = 0, x2 2x 2 = 0 L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i ïw× cixÿv
wZbwU wØNvZ mgxKiY| Ki| 4
K. mgxKiY wZbwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ M. x2 6x + 9 = 0 mgxKiYwUi x Gi †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU
Zzjbv K‡i a, b, c wbY©q Ki| 2 gv‡bi Rb¨ DÏxc‡Ki mgxKiYwU mZ¨ wKbv
L. †`LvI †h, cÖ_g `ywU mgxKi‡Yi g‡a¨ cÖgvY Ki| 4
GKwU mvaviY g~j i‡q‡Q| 4 DËi : K. a = 1, b = 5, c = 6
M. Z…Zxq mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki Ges L. x = 3, 2
mgxKiY¸‡jvi g~j؇qi cÖK…wZ we‡kølY M. x = 3 Gi Rb¨ mZ¨|
Ki| 4 cÖkœ-12 ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwU GK
DËi : K. 1g mgxKi‡Y, a = 1, b = 5, c = 6 PjK m¤^wjZ mgxKiY|
2q mgxKi‡Y, a = 1, b = 6, c = 9 K. mgxKiYwUi m‡e©v”P NvZ KZ? 2
3q mgxKi‡Y, a = 1, b = 2, c = 2 L. mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
L. x = 1 ; M. a = 1, b = 8 Ges c = 16 a‡i mgxKiYwUi g~j
M. 1g mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I g~j`| wbY©q Ki| 4
2q mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe I ci¯úi mgvb| DËi : K. 2; L. x = . ; M. 4.4
3q mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j`| cÖkœ-13 x2 5x + 6 = 0. 7x 2 3x2 = 0, 4x 1 x2 = 0
cÖkœ-11 x2 5x + 6 = 0 GKwU GK wZbwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKiY| K. mgxKiY wZbwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i a, b,
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ c wbY©q Ki| 2
Zzjbv Ki‡j a, b I c Gi gvb KZ n‡e? 2
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 160
L. †`LvI †h, cÖ_g `yBwU mgxKi‡Yi g‡a¨ GKwU cÖkœ-14 (k 1)x2 (k + 2)x + 4 = 0 GKwU
mvaviY g~j i‡q‡Q| 4 wØNvZ mgxKiY|
M. Z…Zxq mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki Ges K. mgxKiYwU wbðvqK KZ? 2
mgxKiY¸‡jvi g~j؇qi cÖK…wZ we‡kølY Ki| L. k Gi gvb KZ n‡j mgxKi‡Yi g~j¸‡jv ev¯Íe I
4 mgvb n‡e| 4
DËi : K. 1g mgxKi‡Y a = 1, b = 5, c = 6 M. k Gi gvb e¨envi K‡i mgxKiY MVb Ki Ges
2q mgxKi‡Y a = 3, b = 7, c = 2 mgxKi‡Yi g~j¸‡jv wbY©q Ki Ges g~‡ji
3q mgxKi‡Y a = 1, b = 4, c = 1 cÖK…wZ e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
M. x = 2 , 2 + ; DËi : K. D = k2 12k + 20; L. k = 10, 2;
1g I 2q mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb, g~j`| M. mgxKiYØq 9x2 12x + 4 = 0; x2 4x + 4 = 0 Ges g~j
3q mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb, Ag~j`| h_vµ‡g Ges 2, ev¯Íe I Amgvb|
cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`
g~j wPý mgwš^Z mgxKiY
Avgiv Rvwb, Pj‡Ki †h gvb ev gvb¸‡jvi Rb¨ mgxKi‡Yi Dfq c¶ mgvb nq, H gvb ev gvb¸‡jvB
mgxKi‡Yi exR ev g~j (Root) Ges H gvb ev gvb¸‡jvi Øviv mgxKiYwU wm× nq|
mgxKi‡Y Pj‡Ki eM©g~j msewjZ ivwk _vK‡j Zv‡K eM© K‡i eM©g~j wPýgy³ bZzb mgxKiY
cvIqv hvq| D³ mgxKiY mgvavb K‡i †h g~j¸‡jv cvIqv hvq A‡bK mgq me¸‡jv g~j cÖ`Ë
mgxKiYwU‡K wm× K‡i bv| G ai‡bi g~j AevšÍi (Extraneous) g~j| myZivs g~jwPý msewjZ
mgxKiY mgvavb cÖwµqvq cÖvß g~j¸‡jv cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi g~j wKbv Zv Aek¨B cix¶v K‡i
†`Lv `iKvi| cix¶vi ci †hme g~j D³ mgxKiY‡K wm× K‡i ZvB n‡e cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi g~j|
Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb
mgvavb Ki : ïw× cix¶v : x = 13 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Y
cÖkœ \ 1 \ + 2 = evgcÿ = + 2 = + 2 = 3 + 2 = 5
mgvavb : + 2 = Wvbcÿ = = = 5
ev, (+ 2)2 = (2 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] evgcÿ = Wvbcÿ
ev, x 4 + 4 + 2.2 = x + 12 myZivs x = 13 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi GKwU exR|
ev, 4 = x + 12 x wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 13
ev, 4 = 12 cÖkœ \ 2 \ =
ev, = 3 [Dfqcÿ‡K 4 Øviv fvM K‡i] mgvavb : =
ev, () = 3
2 2
[Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] ev, ()2 = ( )2 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
ev, x 4 = 9 ev, 11x 6 = 4x + 5 + x 1 2
ev, x = 9 + 4 ev, 11x 6 5x 4 = 2
x = 13
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 161
ev, 6x 10 = 2 [Dfqcÿ‡K 2 Øviv fvM K‡i] myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR bq|
ev, (3x 5) = ()
2 2
[Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 9
ev, 9x 30x + 25 = 4x + x 5
2 2
cÖkœ \ 4 \ + =
ev, 9x2 30x + 25 4x2 x + 5 = 0
mgvavb : + =
ev, 5x2 31x + 30 = 0
ev, ( + )2 =
ev, 5x2 25x 6x + 30 = 0
[Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
ev, 5x(x 5) 6(x 5) = 0
ev, x + 4 + x + 11 + 2 = 8x + 9
ev, (x 5) (5x 6) = 0
ev, 2 = 8x + 9 2x 15
nq, x 5 = 0 A_ev, 5x 6 = 0
ev, 2 = 6x – 6
x = 5 x=
x = 5 A_ev ev, = (3x 3)2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
ïw× cix¶v : x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi ev, x2 + 15x + 44 = 9x2 + 9 18x
evgc¶ = = = = 7 ev, 8x2 – 33x – 35 = 0
Wvbc¶ = = = 5 2 = 3 ev, 8x2 40x + 7x 35 = 0
evgc¶ Wvbc¶ ev, 8x(x 5) + 7(x 5) = 0
myZivs x = 5 mgxKi‡Yi exR bq| ev, (x 5) (8x + 7) = 0
Avevi, x = n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi nq, x 5 = 0 A_ev, 8x + 7 = 0
x=5 x=
evgc¶ = = = =
x = 5 A_ev,
evgc¶ =
ïw× cix¶v : x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
=
= = evgc¶ = + = + = 3 + 4 = 7
evgc¶ = Wvbc¶ Wvbc¶ = = = = 7
myZivs cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| evgc¶ = Wvbc¶
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
cÖkœ \ 3 \ + = Avevi, x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
mgvavb : + = evgc¶ = +
=+
ev, =
= +=
ev, 2x + 7 + 3x 18 + 2 = 7x + 1
Wvbc¶ = = =
ev, 2 = 2x + 12
evgc¶ Wvbc¶
ev, 2 = 2x + 12
myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR bq|
ev, (2 = (x + 6)2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5
ev, 6x2 15x 126 = x2 + 12x + 36
cÖkœ \ 5 \ = +
ev, 5x2 27x 162 = 0
mgvavb : = +
ev, 5x2 45x + 18x 162 = 0
ev, =
ev, 5x(x 9) + 18(x 9) = 0
[Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
ev, (x 9) (5x + 18) = 0
ev, 11x 6 = 4x + 5 + x 1 + 2.
nq, x 9 = 0 A_ev, 5x + 18 = 0
ev, 11x 6 5x 4 = 2
x=9 x=
ev, 6x 10 = 2
x = 9 A_ev,
ev, (3x 5)2 = [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
ïw× cix¶v : GLb, x = 9 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
ev, 9x2 30x + 25 = 4x2 + x 5
evgc¶ = + = + = 5 + 3 = 8
ev, 5x2 31x + 30 = 0
Wvbc¶ = = = 8
ev, 5x2 25x 6x + 30 = 0
evgc¶ = Wvbc¶
ev, (x 5) (5x 6) = 0
myZivs x = 9 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
nq, x 5 = 0 A_ev, 5x 6 = 0
Avevi, x = n‡j,
x=5 x=
evgc¶ = +
x=5 A_ev
= + [hv Aev¯Íe]
ïw× cix¶v: x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
evgcÿ Wvbcÿ
evgc¶ =
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 162
= myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
=
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = ,
=7
Wvbc¶ = + cÖkœ \ 7 \ = 1
= +
mgvavb : = 1
=5+2
=7 awi, x2 6x = y
evgc¶ = Wvbc¶ ev, = 1
myZivs x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| ev, y + 9 = 1 + 2 + y + 6 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
Avevi, x = n‡j, ev, 2 = 2
evgc¶ = ev, (2 = (1)2 [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
= ev, y + 6 = 1
= ev, y = 5
Wvbc¶ = + ev, x2 6x + 5 = 0
= +
ev, x2 5x x + 5 = 0
=
ev, x(x 5) 1(x 5) = 0
evgc¶ Wvbc¶
ev, (x 5) (x 1) = 0
myZivs x = D³ mgxKi‡Yi exR bq|
nq, x 5 = 0 A_ev, x 1 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5
x=5 x=1
cÖkœ \ 6 \ + = 6 x=1 A_ev 5
mgvavb : + = 6 ïw× cix¶v :
awi, x2 + 4x = y x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
ev, + = 6 evgc¶ = –
ev, ()2 = (6 )2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i] = –
=21
ev, y 4 = 36 2.6 + y 10
= 1 = Wvbc¶
ev, 12 = 30
myZivs x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
ev, (22 = (5)2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
Avevi, x = 1 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
ev, 4(y 10) = 25
evgc¶ = –
ev, 4y 40 = 25
= = 2 1 = 1 = Wvbc¶
ev, 4y = 65
myZivs x = 1 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
ev, 4(x2 + 4x) = 65 [ y = x2 + 4x]
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1, 5
ev, 4x2 + 16x 65 = 0
ev, 4x2 + 26x 10x 65 = 0 cÖkœ \ 8 \ = 1
ev, 2x(2x + 13) 5(2x + 13) = 0 mgvavb : = 1
ev, (2x + 13) (2x 5) = 0 awi, 2x2 + 5x = y
nq, 2x + 13 = 0 A_ev, 2x 5 = 0 ev, = 1
x= x= ev, = [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
x= A_ev ev, y 2 = 1 + 2 + y 9
ïw× cix¶v : ev, 2 = 6
GLb, x = n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi ev, = (3)2 [Dfq cÿ‡K eM© K‡i]
evgc¶ = ev, y 9 = 9
+
ev, y = 18
= + = + =6
ev, 2x2 + 5x 18 = 0
=6= Wvbc¶
ev, 2x2 + 9x 4x 18 = 0
evgc¶ = Wvbc¶
ev, x(2x + 9) 2(2x + 9) = 0
myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
ev, (2x + 9) (x 2) = 0
Avevi, x = n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
nq, x 2 = 0 A_ev, 2x + 9 = 0
evgc¶ +
x=2 x=
= +
x=2 A_ev
= =6= Wvbc¶
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 163
ïw× cix¶v : x = 2 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi =6+5 = 3 + 10 = 13 = Wvbc¶
evgc¶ = myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
= wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = ,
=43
cÖkœ \ 10 \ + 2 = 3
= 1 = Wvbc¶
mgvavb : + 2 = 3
myZivs x = 2 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
awi, = a2
Avevi, x = n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU,
evgc¶ = a+ =3
ev, = 3
=
= ev, a2 + 2 = 3a
= 4 3 = 1 = Wvbc¶ ev, a2 3a + 2 = 0
myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR| ev, (a 2) (a 1) = 0
a = 1, 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2,
a=1 n‡j, Avgiv cvB,
cÖkœ \ 9 \ 6 + 5 = 13
= (1)2
mgvavb : 6 + 5 = 13
ev, = 1
awi, = a2
ev, x 1 = 3x + 2
cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU `uvovq
ev, 2x = 3
6a + = 13
x=
ev, = 13
Avevi, a = 2 n‡j, Avgiv cvB,
ev, 6a2 + 5 = 13a = (2)2
ev, 6a 2 13a + 5 = 0 ev, = 4
ev, 6a2 10a 3a + 5 = 0 ev, 12x + 8 = x 1
ev, 2a(3a 5) 1(3a 5) = 0 ev, 11x = 9
ev, (3a 5) (2a 1) = 0 x=
nq, 3a 5 = 0 A_ev, 2a 1 = 0 x=,
a= a= ïw× cix¶v : x = n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
a= n‡j Avgiv cvB, evgc¶ = + 2
=a= = +2
ev, = 2
[eM© K‡i] = 1 + 2.1 = 3 = Wvbc¶
ev, = myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
ev, 18x = 25x 25
ev, 7x = 25
x=
Avevi, a = n‡j,
ev, = [eM© K‡i]
ev, =
ev, 8x = x 1
ev, 7x = 1
x=
x=,
ïw× cix¶v : x = n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
evgc¶ = 6 + 5
=6+5
=6+5
= 6. + 5.= 10 + 3 = 13 = Wvbc¶
myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
Avevi, x = n‡j,
evgc¶ = 6 + 5
=6+5
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 164
Avevi, x = n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi = 2 + 2. = 2 + 1
evgc¶ = + 2 Wvbc¶
=3=
= +2 myZivs x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
= +2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = ,
AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
52 : g~j wPý msewjZ mgxKiY 14. (y + 1)2 (y1)2 = 4y mgxKiYwU y Gi †Kvb
gv‡bi Rb¨ wm× n‡e?
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb (KwVb)
cÖ‡kœvËi K1 L4
M 100 mKj gv‡bi Rb¨
1. Pj‡Ki †h gvb ev gvb¸‡jvi Rb¨
15. 3 + GKwU wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~j n‡j,
mgxKi‡Yi Dfq cÿ mgvb nq, H gvb ev
mgxKiYwU n‡e
gvb¸‡jv‡K Kx ejv nq? (ga¨g)
(KwVb)
g~j L m~PK M eM© N NvZ
K x2 + 5 = 0 x2 3 = 0
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Øviv mgxKiY wm× 2
M x + 5x + 4 = 0 N x2 + = 0
nq? (ga¨g) 16. 4 = 8 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
K eM©g~j g~j M NvZ N K3 4 M N
m~PK 17. + 2 = mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
3. wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi m‡e©v”P KZwU (ga¨g)
g~j _v‡K? (mnR) K4 L8 M 12 13
2wU L 3wU M 4wU N 5wU 18. = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU?(mnR)
4. PjK `yBwU x I y n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU 6 L5 M3 N
mwVK? (ga¨g)
19. = 1 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb †KvbwU?(ga¨g)
L M N
(x, y) = (a, b) L x a = 0, y 6 = 0
Mx+a=y+b Nxa=yb
20. 2 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j †KvbwU?(ga¨g)
K2 3 M3 N4
5. x2 x + 13 = 0 n‡j mgxKi‡Yi GKwU g~j
21. = mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ? (ga¨g)
†KvbwU? (KwVb)
K2 L2 3 N3
L M N
e¨vL¨v : =
6. = 3 n‡j x = KZ? (ga¨g) ev, 8x 2x = 9 + 9
K9 L 11 13 N 15 ev, x = = 3
7. x2 3x 40 = 0 mgxKiYwU x Gi †Kvb gv‡bi 22. 2 1 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~j †KvbwU?(mnR)
Rb¨ wm× nq? (ga¨g) K L M
K5 8 M9 N 11 23. = 2 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb KZ? (ga¨g)
8. = 1 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? (KwVb) L M N
K 5 5 M 4 N 5 e¨vL¨v : = 2
ev, = 8
9. x 5x + 6 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq wb‡Pi
2
ev, 24x x = 1 16
†KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) ev, x =
K 5, 6 2, 3 M 1, 2 N 1, 6
24. (1 + x) + (1 x) = 0 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb
10. = 3 mgxKi‡Yi g~j¸‡jv Kx Kx? (ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
Kx=4 M x = 4, 4 N x = 3, 3
K1 1 M2 N2
11. = mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU?(ga¨g)
25. (1 x) = 5 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
K L N
K 26 L 25 M 24 24
12. = 1 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
e¨vL¨v : 1 x = 25
K1 1 M2 N 2 x = 24
13. + (1 x) = 2 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU?(KwVb) 26. (1 + x) + (1 x) = 3 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU?
1, 1 L 1,1 M 2, 2 N 2,2 (ga¨g)
K 1, 1 2, 2 M 3, 3 N 3, 3
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 165
e¨vL¨v : cÖkœwUi mgvavb Ki‡Z mvgvb¨ wPšÍvB h‡_ó| ii. x = 5
Ackb PviwUi g‡a¨ 2 ev 2 emv‡j Wvbc‡ÿi AckbwU (3)
cvIqv hv‡e|
iii. x = 1
27. Extraneous k‡ãi A_© Kx? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(mnR) (ga¨g)
K g~j wPý wPýgy³ M ïw× cixÿv
L K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
AevšÍi g~j 35. = x mgxKi‡Yi
28. (1 + x) + (1 x) = 2 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? i. g~j 3, 3
(ga¨g) ii. eM©K…Z mgxKi‡Yi g~j 3, 3
1 L2 M 2, 2 N 1, 1 iii. AevšÍi g~j Av‡Q
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(ga¨g)
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
Ki I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
29. + = 36. = 0 mgxKi‡Yi
i. mgxKiYwUi g~j 9 i. GKwU gvÎ g~j we`¨gvb
ii. mgxKiYwUi exR 9 ii. mgvavb 2
iii. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb 9 iii. mgvavb 2
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(KwVb)
(mnR)
Ki I ii Li I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
i I ii Li I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
30. i. =
ii. + = Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK
iii. = enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 2=2
(KwVb) Dc‡ii mgxKiYwUi Av‡jv‡K 37 Ñ 39 bs
i I ii Li I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
31. (1 + x) + (1 x) = 2 mgxKiYwU jÿ Ki : 37. mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j 4 n‡j, Aci
i. mgxKi‡Yi PjK msL¨v GKwU g~jwU KZ? (ga¨g)
ii. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb (1, 1) K2 4 M N3
iii. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 1 38. x = 4 n‡j, evgcÿ = KZ?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (mnR)
2 L2 M0 N4
(KwVb)
39. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb KZ?
Ki I ii Li I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
(KwVb)
32. (1 + x) + (1 x) = 0 mgxKi‡YiÑ
K4 4 M0 N
i. x = 1 GKwU mgvavb
wb‡Pi mgxKiY `ywUi Av‡jv‡K 40 I 41 bs
ii. x = 1 GKwU AevšÍi g~j
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
iii. (1 + x (1 x) = 0 GKwU iƒc
+ = Ges p = `yBwU mgxKiY|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
40. 1g mgxKi‡Y x Gi KqwU g~j cvIqv
(ga¨g)
hv‡e? (mnR)
i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K1 2 M3 N4
33. = 0 mgxKiYwUÑ 41. p = 2 n‡j, x = KZ? (ga¨g)
i. x = 3 Gi Rb¨ mZ¨ K0 L 1 N2
ii. x = 3 Gi Rb¨ mZ¨ wb‡Pi mgxKiYwUi Av‡jv‡K 42 44 bs
iii. x = 2 Gi Rb¨ mZ¨ cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? = GKwU mgxKiY-
(ga¨g) 42. mgxKiYwU‡K mij AvKv‡i cÖKvk
KiI ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii †KvbwU? (KwVb)
34. = 1 mgxKiYwU x2 5x + 6 = 0 L x2 + 5x 6 = 0
i. GKwU eûc`x mgxKiY M x 6x + 5 = 0
2
N x2 + 6x 5 = 0
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 166
43. mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki‡j x Gi †Kvb K 8, 5 8, 5 M 8, 5 N 8, 5
†Kvb gvb cvIqv hv‡e? 44. mgxKiYwUi g~j KZ?
(ga¨g) (ga¨g)
K5 L5 M4 8
45. + 2 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU?
K2 L2 M4 g~j †bB
46. wb‡Pi †KvbwU = mgxKi‡Yi GKwU
g~j?
K5 L0 5 N6
47. = 2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
K1 L2 M3 7
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 48 I 49 bs cÖ‡kœi
DËi `vI :
2 =2
48. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi eM©K…Z iƒc
†KvbwU?
K 4 = 2x + 4 L4=x+4
2=x+4 N2=x4
49. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi GKwU
g~j?
K0 L1 M2 4
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ-1 î + = GKwU mgxKiY| ev, (3p 4) (4p 3) = 0
K. p = a‡i †`LvI †h, 12p2 25p + 12 = 0 2 nq, 3p 4 = 0 A_ev, 4p 3 = 0
L. ÔK' n‡Z cÖvß mgxKiYwU‡K ev, 3p = 4 ev, 4p = 3
mgvavb Ki| 4 ev, p = ev, p =
M. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi mgvav‡bi ïw× ev, = ev, =
cixÿv Ki| 4 ev, = [eM© K‡i] ev, = [eM© K‡i]
îí 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí ev, 16x + 256 = 9x ev, 16x = 9x + 144
ev, 7x = 256 ev, 7x = 144
K. + = x= x=
ev, p + = [ p = a‡i = ] wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) =
ev, = M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi mgvavb : (x, y) =
ev, 12p2 + 12 = 25p ïw× cixÿv : x = n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
ev, 12p2 25p + 12 = 0 evgc¶ = +
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, = +
12p2 25p + 12 = 0 = +
ev, 12p2 16p 9p + 12 = 0 = +
ev, 4p(3p 4) 3(3p 4) = 0 = + = + =
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 167
Wvbc¶
== = + = +
†h‡nZz x = n‡j mgxKiYwUi evgc¶ = = + = = = Wvbc¶
Wvbc¶ †h‡nZz x = n‡j, mgxKiYwUi evgc¶ =
AZGe, x = D³ mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j| Wvbc¶
Avevi, x = n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi x = D³ mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j|
evgc¶ = + cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi ïw× cixÿvq mZ¨Zv
= + cÖgvwYZ n‡jv|
= +
cÖkœ-2 î hw` x2 6x = p nq, Z‡eÑ = 1 = Wvbcÿ
K. p = 16 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 2 †h‡nZz, x = 1 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi evgcÿ =
L. = 1 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 4 Wvbcÿ,
M. = n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? 4 x = 1 mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j|
îí 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1, 5
M. =
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, x2 6x = p Ges p = 16
x2 6x = 16 ev, + = +
ev, x2 6x 16 = 0 ev, = [eM© K‡i]
ev, x2 8x + 2x 16 = 0 ev, p + 15 + 2 . + 8 = p + 13 + 2. + 10
ev, x(x 8) + 2(x 8) = 0 ev, P + 23 + 2 = P + 23 + 2
ev, (x 8) (x + 2) = 0 ev, 2 = 2
x = 8 Ges x = 2 ev, = [eM© K‡i]
L. cÖ`Ë ivwk, = 1 ev, 8p + 120 = 10p + 130
†`Iqv Av‡Q, ev, 2p = 10
p = x2 6x ev, p = 5
=1 ev, x2 6x = 5 [p Gi gvb ewm‡q]
ev, 2 = [eM© K‡i] ev, x 6x + 5 = 0
2
ev, x2 6x + 9 = 1 + 2 + x2 6x + 6 ev, x2 5x x + 5 = 0
ev, x2 6x + 9 1 x2 + 6x 6 = 2 ev, x(x 5) 1(x 5) = 0
ev, 2 = 2 ev, (x 5) (x 1) = 0
ev, 1 = x = 5 Ges x = 1
ev, x2 6x + 6 = 1 [eM© K‡i] GLb, x = 5 n‡j,
ev, x2 6x + 5 = 0 evgcÿ =
ev, x2 5x x + 5 = 0 =
ev, x(x 5) 1 (x 5) = 0 = = Wvbcÿ
ev, (x 5) (x 1) = 0 Avevi, x = 1 n‡j,
x = 5 Ges x = 1 evgcÿ =
GLb, x = 5 n‡j, = = Wvbcÿ
evgcÿ = †h‡nZz x = 5 I 1 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi evgcÿ =
= Wvbcÿ
= x = 5 I 1 n‡j, D³ mgxKiYwU GKwU g~j|
=21
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5, 1
= Wvbcÿ
=1
†h‡nZz, x = 5 n‡j, mgxKiYwUi evgcÿ = cÖkœ-3 î = GKwU g~j wPý msewjZ mgxKiY
Wvbcÿ
K. mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 AvKv‡i
x = 5 D³ mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j|
cÖKvk Ki| 2
Avevi, x = 1 n‡j,
L. wbðvq‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI †h,
evgcÿ =
cÖvß wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi †Kv‡bv
=
= AevšÍi g~j †bB Ges m~‡Îi
=21 mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwU mgvavb
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 168
Ki| 4 Wvbcÿ =
M. x Gi cÖvß cÖwZwU gvbB cÖ`Ë =
=
mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wKbv? hvPvB
=
K‡i †`L| 4 =
îí 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí =
K. = evgcÿ = Wvbcÿ
ev, ( = [eM© K‡i] x = cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi exR|
cÖkœ-4 î = 1
ev, 11x 6 = 4x + 5 2 + x 1
K. x2 6x = y a‡i †`LvI †h, = 1 2
ev, 2 = 4x + 5 + x 1 11x + 6
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡K Drcv`K
ev, 2 = 6x + 10
AvKv‡i cÖKvk Ki| 4
ev, = 3x + 5 [2 Øviv fvM K‡i]
M. mgxKiYwU mgvav‡bi mZ¨Zv
ev, = (3x 5)
2 2
[eM© K‡i]
hvPvB Ki| 4
ev, 4x + x 5 = 9x 30x + 25
2 2
ev, 5x2 31x + 30 = 0
îí 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
hv ax2 + bx + c = 0 AvKv‡ii mgxKiY K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, = 1
L. K n‡Z cÖvß, ev, = 1 [ x2 6x = y]
5x2 31x + 30 = 0 ev, = 1 +
mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ ev, = (1 + )2 [eM© K‡i]
Zzjbv K‡i cvB, ev, y + 9 = 1 + 2 + y + 6
a = 5, b = 31, c = 30 ev, 2 = 2
wbðvqK = b2 4ac ev, = 1 (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
= ( 31)2 4.5.30 L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB,
= 961 600
=1
= 361
ev, = (1)2 [eM© K‡i]
GLv‡b, wbðvqK b2 4ac = 361 > 0
ev, y + 6 = 1
cÖvß wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi g~j¸‡jv
ev, y = 1 6
ev¯Íe|
ev, y = 5
GLb, Avgiv Rvwb, ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi
ev, x2 6x = 5
g~jØq
x=
ev, x2 6x + 5 = 0
= [ b2 4ac = 361] ev, x2 5x x + 5 = 0
= ev, x(x 5) 1(x 5) = 0
= , = , = 5, ev, (x 5) (x 1) = 0
wØNvZ mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x1 = 6, x2 = GUvB wb‡Y©q Drcv`K AvKvi|
M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cÖvß x1 = 5, x2 = M. ÔLÕ †_‡K cvB, (x 1) (x 5) = 0
GLv‡b x1 I x2 cÖ`Ë g~jwPý msewjZ nq, x 1 = 0 A_ev, x 5 = 0
mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i x=1 x=5
†`L‡Z n‡e| x = 5 n‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡YiÑ GLb, x = 5 n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
evgcÿ = = = = 7 evgcÿ =
Wvbcÿ = =
= =
= =21
=52=3 = 1 = Wvbcÿ
evgcÿ Wvbcÿ Avevi, x = 1 n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi
x = 5 cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi Rb¨ mZ¨ bq| evgcÿ =
Avevi, x = n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi =
evgcÿ = =
= =21
= = = 1 = Wvbcÿ
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5, 1
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 169
m„Rbkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn
cÖkœ-5 + =6 DËi : K. 6p + = 13 GwUB wb‡Y©q mgxKiY|
K. x + 4x = y n‡j †`LvI †h, 2 = 5
2
2 L. myZivs, x = A_ev
L. †`LvI †h, (2x + 13) (2x 5) = 0 4 cÖkœ-7 = 1 GKwU g~j wPý m¤^wjZ
M. mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i ïw× cixÿv Ki| 4 mgxKiY Ges P = 23x2 + 5x 2
DËi : M. x = , K. P Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 2
cÖkœ-6 6 + 5 = 13 GKwU exRMvwYwZK L. P Gi gvb e¨envi K‡i cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU
mgxKiY| mgvavb Ki| 4
K. = p a‡i cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU †jL|
2
2 M. 2x + 5x = y a‡i mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb L-Gi
2
L. cÖvß mgxKiYwU‡K mgvavb Ki| 4 mgvav‡bi Abyiƒc wKbv? hvPvB Ki| 4
M. ïw× cixÿv K‡i mgxKiYwUi mZ¨Zv hvPvB DËi : K. P = 16; L. x = 3,
Ki| 4 M. mgvavb GKB|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 170
cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`
m~PK mgxKiY (Indicial Equation)
†h mgxKi‡Y AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K, Zv‡K m~PK mgxKiY e‡j|
2x = 8, 16x = 4x + 2, 2x + 1 2x 8 = 0 BZ¨vw` mgxKiY¸‡jv m~PK mgxKiY †hLv‡b x AÁvZ PjK| m~PK
mgxKiY mgvavb Ki‡Z m~P‡Ki wbgœwjwLZ ag©wU e¨envi Kiv hvq :
a 1 n‡j ax = am n‡e hw` I †Kej hw` x = m nq| G Rb¨ cÖ_‡g mgxKi‡Yi Dfqc¶‡K GKB msL¨vi
NvZ ev kw³iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kiv nq|
†R‡b ivL‡Z n‡e :
m~P‡Ki wbq‡g wfwË KL‡bv k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv Gi †ÿ‡Î b 0 n‡e|
Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb
mgvavb Ki : wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 6
cÖkœ \ 1 \ 3x + 2 = 81 cÖkœ \ 4 \ =
mgvavb : 3x + 2 = 81 mgvavb : =
ev, 3x+2 = 34 [ 34 = 81] ev, =
ev, x + 2 = 4 [ am = an n‡j m = n] ev, 3 = 3 [ (am)n = amn]
ev, x = 4 2 ev, = [ ax = am n‡j x = m]
x=2 ev, 2(2x + 5) = 3(x + 5)
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2 ev, 4x + 10 = 3x + 15
cÖkœ \ 2 \ 53x 7 = 33x 7 ev, 4x 3x = 15 10
mgvavb : 53x 7 = 33x 7 x=5
ev, = 1 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 5
ev, = cÖkœ \ 5 \ =
ev, 3x 7 = 0 mgvavb : =
ev, 3x = 7 ev, = [ 43 = 64]
x= ev, (4) =
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = ev, =
cÖkœ \ 3 \ 2x4 = 4ax6, (a > 0, a 2) ev, =
mgvavb : 2x4 = 4ax6 ev, 11(4x + 7) = 5(6x + 21)
ev, 2x4 = 22.ax6 ev, 44x + 77 = 30x + 105
ev, 2x4 .22 = ax6 [22 Øviv fvM K‡i] ev, 44x 30x = 105 77
ev, 2 = a
x6 x6
ev, 14x = 28
ev, = 1 = ev, x =
ev, x 6 = 0 x=2
x=6 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 171
cÖkœ \ 6 \ = a2x 5 (a > 0) cÖkœ \ 10 \ 3(9x 4.3x1) + 1 = 0
mgvavb : = a2x 5 mgvavb : 3(9x 4.3x1) + 1 = 0
ev, = ev, 3.9x 3.4.3x1 + 1 = 0
ev, 33x 4 x 1 = 1 [ = am n] ev, 3(32)x 4.3x + 1 = 0
ev, 32x 5 = 1 = 3 [ x0 = 1] ev, 3(3x)2 4.3x + 1 = 0
ev, 2x 5 = 0 [ ax = am n‡j x = m] ev, 3a2 4a + 1 = 0 [3x = a awi]
ev, 2x = 5 ev, 3a2 3a a + 1 = 0
x= ev, 3a(a1) 1(a 1) = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = ev, (a1) (3a 1) = 0
cÖkœ \ 7 \ = a2x 6 (a > 0, b > 0, 5b a) nq, a 1 = 0 A_ev, 3a1 = 0
mgvavb : = a2x 6 ev, a = 1 ev, 3a = 1
ev, = ev, 3x = 1 ev, a =
ev, 53x 5 x 1 = 2x 6 ev, 3x = 3 ev, 3x =
ev, = 1 x=0 ev, 3x = 31
ev, = x = 1
ev, 2x 6 = 0 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1, 0
ev, 2x = 6 cÖkœ \ 11 \ 41+x + 41x = 10
x=3
mgvavb : 41+x + 41x = 10
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 3
ev, 4.4x + 4.4x = 10
cÖkœ \ 8 \ 4x+2 = 22x+1 + 14 ev, 4(4x + 4x) = 10
mgvavb : 4x+2 = 22x+1 + 14 ev, 2(4x + 4x) = 5
ev, 4x+2 22x+1 = 14 ev, 2(4x + = 5
ev, 22x+4 22x+1 = 14 ev, 2(a + ) = 5 [4x = a a‡i]
ev, 22x(24 21) = 14 ev, = 5
ev, 22x (16 2) = 14 ev, 2a2 + 2 = 5a
ev, 22x . 14 = 14 ev, 2a2 5a + 2 = 0
ev, 22x = 1 ev, 2a2 4a a + 2 = 0
ev, 22x = 20 [ a0 = 1] ev, 2a(a 2) 1(a 2) = 0
ev, 2x = 0 ev, (a2) (2a 1) = 0
x=0 nq, a 2 = 0 A_ev, 2a 1 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 0 ev, a = 2 ev, 2a = 1
cÖkœ \ 9 \ 5x + 52x = 26 ev, 4x = 2 ev, a =
mgvavb : 5x + 52x = 26 ev, 2 = 2
2x 1
ev, 4x =
ev, 5x + = 26 [ am n = ] ev, 2x = 1 ev, 22x = 21
ev, 5x + = 26 x= ev, 2x = 1
ev, = 26 x=
ev, (5x)2 + 25 = 26. 5x wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = ,
ev, a2 + 25 = 26a [5x = a awi] cÖkœ \ 12 \ 22x 3.2x+2 = 32
ev, a2 26a + 25 = 0 mgvavb: 22x 3.2x+2 = 32
ev, a2 25a a + 25 = 0 ev, 22x 3.2x.22 + 32 = 0
ev, a(a 25) 1(a 25) = 0 [ amn = (am)n Ges am + n = am.an]
ev, (a 25) (a 1) = 0 ev, (2x)2 12.2x + 32 = 0
nq, a 25 = 0 A_ev, a 1 = 0 ev, a2 12a + 32 = 0 [2x = a awi]
ev, a = 25 ev, a = 1 ev, a2 8a 4a + 32 = 0
ev, 5 = 25
x
ev, 5x = 1 ev, a(a 8) 4(a 8) = 0
ev, 5x = 52 ev, 5x = 50 ev, (a 8) (a 4) = 0
x=2 x=0 nq, a 8 = 0 A_ev, a 4 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 0, 2 ev, a = 8 ev, a = 4
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 172
ev, 2x = 8 ev, 2x = 4 x=3 x=2
ev, 2x = 23 ev, 2x = 22 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2, 3
¸iæZ¡c~Y© enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
1. 92x = 35x 2 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb †KvbwU? K 25 M N
K 2 L M 2 7. (2 + a) = 2 n‡j a Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
2. 33x = n‡j, xGi gvb KZ? K 4 6 M 7 N 8
K 3 M N 3 8. 9 = 81 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
x+5 x+1
3. 2x+7 = 4x+2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? K 6 L 3 3 N 6
K 12 3 M 5 N 11 9. 3 2x 6
mgxKiY
=b
4. = 2 mgxKiYwUi exR KZ? i. b = 3 n‡j, x = 3 ii. b = 27 n‡j, x = 4
K 5 L 7 13 N 15 iii. b = 27 n‡j, x =
5. =1 mgxKi‡Yi g~j †KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 2 1 M 1 N 2
K i I ii Li I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
6. () = n‡j
x+5
x Gi gvb KZ?
53 : m~PK mgxKiY (Indicial Equation) wØNvZ L wÎNvZ m~PK
K N mij
21. Gi mgvb †KvbwU?
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb (ga¨g)
cÖ‡kœvËi 81 L 243 M 729 N 2187
e¨vL¨v : =
10. †h mgxKi‡Y AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K =
Zv‡K Kx mgxKiY e‡j? =
= 34 = 81
(mnR)
22. 16x + 2 = 83x + 1 mgxKi‡Y an = am AvKv‡i
m~PK LAmgZv M ciggvb N wØNvZ cÖKvwkZ iƒc †KvbwU?
11. 2 x+7
= 4 x+2
mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
(ga¨g) K 24x + 4 = 29x + 3 24x + 8 = 29x + 3
K2 3 M4 N1 M 28x + 4 = 23x + 9 N 44x + 8 = 49x + 3
12. 3.27x = 9x+4 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ?(ga¨g) e¨vL¨v : 16 = 8 x+2 3x + 1
x=7 Lx=4 Mx=3 N x = 7 ev, (24)x + 2 = (23)3x + 1
24x + 8 = 29x + 3
13. 53x7 = 33x7 mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
K M3 N7 23. †K Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j NvZ KZ
14. ax = KZ? hLb x = 0 (mnR) n‡e? (mnR)
K0 1 M N 1 K L4 M 6
15. = mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g) e¨vL¨v : = = =
NvZ = 6
K6 L 5 N4
16. = mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (KwVb) 24. wb‡Pi †KvbwU 729 Gi mgvb?
3 L2 M1 N0 (mnR)
17. a . a = a Gi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨wU
x + 2 2y + 1 10 L M N
e¨vL¨v : 729 = 93 ==
mwVK? (KwVb)
25. wb‡Pi †KvbwU 4096 Gi mgvb? (ga¨g)
K 2x + 2y + 3 = 10 x + 2y + 3 = 10
K M N
M x + 2y + 7 = 0 N 2x + y = 7
26. = 4996 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
18. 16x = 4x+1 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb †KvbwU?
K3 L4 M9 18
(mnR)
27. (ab)x = (ab) 2 m~‡Î mgxKiYwUi (a > 0, b > 0
L0 1 M2 N3
Ges ab 1 mgvavb †KvbwU?
19. 3.3x = 27 mgxKiY‡K ax = am AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ iƒc
(ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR)
K2 2 M N
K 3x = 33 L 3+x+1 = 32 3x+1 = 33 N 3x1 = 33
28. 2x.5x = 1000 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
20. 2x + 5 = 4x mgxKiYwU †Kvb ai‡bi mgxKiY?
3 L4 M5 N6
(mnR)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 173
29. q 1 n‡j qx = q mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb iii. 2x + y 1= 0
†KvbwU? (ga¨g) wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Kx=1 Lx= x=1 Nx=1 (KwVb)
30. a 1, ax = ay n‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii
I iii M ii I iii
Li N i, ii I iii
(ga¨g) 45. 3 .9 = 81 mgxKiY †_‡K cvIqv hvqÑ
x y
Kx>y Lx<y M xy = 1 x=y
i. x + 2y = 4
31. 2x 4 = 4ax 6 (†hLv‡b a > 0, a 2) mgxKiYwUi exR
ii. x 2y = 4
KZ? (ga¨g)
iii. x + 2y 4 = 0
K2 L4 6 N8
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
32. a 1 n‡j, ax = a mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ?
(KwVb)
(mnR)
Kx=0 x=1 Mx=2 Nx=3
Ki I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
33. 7x = 343 n‡j x = KZ? (mnR) 46. i. 16 = 4 x x+2
3 L2 M1 N0 ii. 2x = 8
34. Gi mgvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (mnR) iii. + 2 =
K4 L8 16 N 32 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
35. = 125 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi (ga¨g)
†KvbwU? (ga¨g) i I ii
I iii M ii I iii
Li N i, ii I iii
K2 L3 5 N 10
47. i. 5 = 1 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 0
x
36. 3x+2 = 81 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi †KvbwU? ii. 5x = 25 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 2
(ga¨g)
iii. 5x = 125 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 3
K1 2 M3 N4
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
37. 32x2 5. 3x2 66 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi g~j wb‡Pi
(mnR)
†KvbwU? (KwVb)
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
3 L4 M5 N6
38. wb‡Pi †KvbwU m~PK mgvav‡bi 48. i. 2 = 4 n‡j, x = 3
x+7 x+2
D`vniY? (ga¨g) ii. 3.27x = 9x + 4 n‡j, x = 7
2x = 8 L 4x + 51 = 0 iii. 3mx1 = 3.amx2 n‡j, x = 2m
Mx+2>0 N x2 + 5x + 2 = 0 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
39. 2 = a mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
x6 x6
(KwVb)
K2 L3 M4 6 iI ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
40. 4x + 2 = 22x + 1 + 14 mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ?(ga¨g) 49. = m~PKxq mgxKi‡YÑ
0 L1 M2 N3
i. =
41. 2x + 9 = 8x + 1 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
ii. x = 5
K2 3 M8 N9
iii. =
42. 41 + x + 41 x = 10 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ?
(ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K (2, 1) L N (2, 4) (ga¨g)
Ki I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK
50. = 1 m~PKxq mgxKi‡YÑ
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
i. a 3
43. m~PK mgxKi‡Yi †ÿ‡ÎÑ ii. x 3
i. AÁvZ PjK m~PKiƒ‡c _v‡K iii. m 0
ii. a 1 n‡j, ax = am n‡e hw` I †Kej hw` x = m nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. 30x = 1 n‡j, x = 0 (ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
(mnR) 51. | x 2 | = 2 mgxKi‡Y mgvavbÑ
Ki I ii LiI iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii i. 0 hLb x 2 < 0
44. 3 = 9
3y1 x+y
mgxKiYwUi Rb¨ - ii. 4 hLb x > 0
i. 2x y + 1 = 0 iii. 0 hLb x 2 = 0
ii. 2x y = 1
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 174
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 57. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡K wb‡Pi †Kvb
(ga¨g) mgxKi‡Yi AvKv‡i †jLv hvq?
i I ii Li I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii (mnR)
52. x + 4
1+x 1x
= 22 n‡jÑ 3mx 2 = amx 2 L 3m = 32x
mx mx 2
M3 =a N 3mx = 32x + 1
i. 4.4x + 4.4x = 22
58. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb †KvbwU?
ii. 4(4x + 4x) = 22
(KwVb)
iii. 2(4x + 4x) = 11
L 2m M Nm
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
59. a = 9 Ges m = 24 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?(KwVb)
(ga¨g)
L M 24 N
Ki I ii I iii
Li M ii I iii i, ii I iii wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 60 - 62 bs cÖ‡kœi
53. 2 = a mgxKi‡YÑ
2x3
DËi `vI :
i. a = 1 n‡j, x = 5x + 52 – x = 26
ii. a = 2 n‡j, x = 2 60. 5x = p ai‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU `uvovqÑ
iii. x = 0 n‡j, a = 8 (mnR)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? p 26p +25 = 0
2
L p2 13p + 25 = 0
M p + 25 = 0 N p3 26p2 + 25 = 0
(mnR)
i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 61. 5x = 25 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
(mnR)
54. 729 msL¨vwUi Ñ
K3 L1 2 N7
i. 3 Gi m~PK 36
62. 5x = p Ges p = 1 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
ii. Gi m~PK
0 L1 M N 1
iii. 27 Gi m~PK 272 wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 63 - 65 bs cÖ‡kœi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? DËi `vI :
(KwVb) 3 5.3x2 66 = 0 GKwU m~PK mgxKiY|
2x2
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii 63. mgxKi‡Yi 3 m~PK wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
55. ax = am n‡jÑ (mnR)
i. x = 1 Gi Rb¨ m = 2 n‡e K 2(x + 2) 2(x 1) M 2(x + 1) N 2(x + 3)
ii. x = m n‡e 64. 3x = p n‡j mgxKiYwU‡K p Gi gva¨‡g Kx
iii. axm = 1 n‡e? (ga¨g)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K p2 5p 27 = 0 L p2 27p 544 = 0
(mnR) M p + 22p 594 = 0
2
p2 5p 594 = 0
Ki I ii I iii
Li ii I iii N i, ii I iii 65. D³ mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb KZ?
(KwVb)
56. ax(a + bx) = a b n‡jÑ
x 2 2
K2 3 M4 N5
i. a > 1
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 66 - 68 bs cÖ‡kœi
ii. b > 1
DËi `vI :
iii. ab = 1
4 = 22x+1 + 14 GKwU m~PK mgxKiY|
x+2
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
66. mgxKiYwUi evgcÿ‡K 2 Gi m~P‡K
(ga¨g)
cÖKvk Ki‡j Kx n‡e?
i I ii Li I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
(mnR)
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK K2 2x+2
2 2x+4
M2 2x+1
N2 2x+3
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 67. 2x = a a‡i mgxKiYwU‡K a Gi gva¨‡g
cÖKvwkZ iƒc †KvbwU?
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 57 - 59 bs cÖ‡kœi
(ga¨g)
DËi `vI :
K 16a2 = 14 14a2 14 = 0
3 mx 1
= 3.amx 2 GKwU m~PK mgxKiY M a14 4a2 = 0 N 4a2 + 13 = 0
68. DcwiD³ mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb Kx n‡e?
(KwVb)
0 L1 M2 N3
69. 4 = 2
x x+1
n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? K0 1 M2 N4
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 175
70. 4x = 32 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? iii. 27 Gi m~PK 272
K5 M3 N wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
71. 3x + 4 = 8 mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb †KvbwU? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
K4 L3 M2 0
78. i. 4 = n‡j, x =
x
72. = 1 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ?
ii. 5x = 1 n‡j, x = 1
K1 L2 3 N0
iii. 9x = 3 n‡j, x =
73. = n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?
5 L6
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M3 N4 K i I ii L ii I iii
74. 2x + 6 = 8x + 2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? i I iii N i, ii I iii
0 L4 M4 N8 wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 79 - 81 bs cÖ‡kœi
75. 2x+7 = 42x +1 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ? DËi `vI :
K 2 M3 N2
3 2x + 1
43x + 1 + 9 = 0 GKwU m~PK mgxKiY|
76. ax = am n‡j - 79. 3x = a ai‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU a Gi gva¨‡g
i. x = 1 Gi Rb¨ m = 2 n‡e
cÖKvk Ki‡j wKiƒc n‡e?
ii. x = m n‡e 3a2 12a + 9 = 0 L a2 4a + 9 = 0
iii. ax m = 1 M 3a 4a + 9 = 0
2
N a3 4a + 9 = 0
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 80. 3 = a ai‡j cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU‡Z a Gi gvb
x
K i I ii L ii I ii ii I iii N i, ii I iii KZ?
77. 729 msL¨vwUi - K 3, 9 1, 3 M ,9 N 3,
i. 3 Gi m~PK 36 ii. Gi m~PK 81. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb KZ?
0, 1 L 0, 1 M 1, 2 N ,1
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 176
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ-1 î 4096, 729 I wZbwU msL¨v| M. 3q msL¨vwU‡K , Gi m~P‡K Ges
K. 1g msL¨vwU‡K , 4 Gi m~P‡K †K Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki| 4
cÖKvk Ki| 2
îí 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
L. 1g msL¨vwU‡K 8, 2 Gi m~P‡K
Ges 2q msL¨vwU‡K 9, Gi m~P‡K Rbbx gva¨wgK D”PZi MwY‡Zi 206 c„ôvi
cÖKvk Ki| 4 Abykxjbg~jK Kv‡Ri 1, 2, 3 †`L|
cÖkœ-2 î m~PK mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb Ki‡Z a=1 a=
m~P‡Ki †h ag©wU cÖvqB e¨envi Kiv nq a = 1 n‡j, a = n‡j, 3x =
Zv n‡jv a 1 n‡j ax = am n‡e hw` I †Kej hw` 3x = 1 [a Gi gvb ewm‡q] ev, 3x = 31
x = m nq| GRb¨ cÖ_g mgxKi‡Yi Dfqcÿ‡K ev, 3x = (3)0 x = 1
x=0
GKB msL¨v NvZ ev kw³iƒ‡c cÖKvk Kiv
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : 1, 0
nq|
K. mgvavb Ki : 3.27x = 9x + 4 2 cÖkœ-3 î = Ges ax (ax + bx) =
(a > 0, b > 0 Ges ab 1) `yBwU m~PKxq mgxKiY|
L. mgvavb Ki : 3mp 1 = 3amp 2 (a > 0, a 3, p
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY‡K am = an AvKv‡i †jL|2
0), †hLv‡b m AÁvZ PjK| 4
L. cÖ_g mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
M. mgvavb Ki : 3(9x 4.3x 1) + 1 = 0 4
M. wØZxq mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i
îí 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí †`LvI †h, mgxKiY `yBwUi g~j
K. 3.27x = 9x+4 mgvb| 4
ev, 3.33x = 32(x+4) îí 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
ev, 33x+1 = 32(x+4)
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, =
ev, 3x + 1 = 2x + 8
ev, =
ev, 3x 2x = 8 1
4=4
x=7
GwUB wb‡Y©q AvKvi|
L. 3mp1 = 3amp2 L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, 4 = 4
ev, = amp2 (4x + 7) =
ev, = 1 ev, 11(4x + 7) =15(2x + 7)
ev, = ev, 44x + 77 = 30x + 105
ev, mp 2 = 0 ev, 44x 30x = 105 77
ev, mp = 2 ev, 14x = 28
ev, m = x = 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : m = wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2
M. 3(9x 4.3x1) + 1 = 0 M. †`Iqv Av‡Q, ax(ax + bx) =
ev, 3.32x 3.4.3x1 + 1 = 0 ev, ax. ax + ax. bx = 1 +
ev, 3.(3x)2 4.3x + 1 = 0 ev, 1 + (ab)x = 1+ (ab)2
awi, 3x = a ev, (ab)x = (ab)2
3a 4a + 1 = 0
2
ev, – x = 2
ev, 3a 3a a + 1 = 0
2
x=2
ev, 3a(a 1) 1(a 1) = 0 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2
ev, (a 1) (3a 1) = 0 ÔLÕ n‡Z cÖ_g mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 2
nq, a 1 = 0 A_ev, 3a 1 = 0 A_©vr mgxKiY `ywUi g~j mgvb|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 177
cÖkœ-4 î b = mx 1 wbY©q Ki| 4
K. m = 1 Ges b = 2 n‡j 2x Gi gvb KZ? 2 îí 5 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
L. 3b = 3.ab1 n‡j x Gi gvb KZ? †hLv‡b (a
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, a3x + y.a2y = a20
> 0, b 3, m 0) 4
ev, a3x + y + 2y = a20
M. m = 1 Ges 3 5.3 66 = 0 n‡j x Gi gvb
2b b1
ev, 3x + 3y = 20
KZ? 4
ev, 3x = 20 3y
îí 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
x = (20 3y) GwUB wb‡Y©q
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, b = mx 1 m¤úK©|
Ges b = 2 L. †`Iqv Av‡Q, 3x.9y = 81
myZivs mx 1 = 2 ev, 3x.32y = 81
ev, x 1 = 2 [ m = 1] ev, 3x + 2y = 34
ev, x = 1 ev, x + 2y = 4
2x = 21 = x = 4 2y .....................(i)
wb‡Y©q gvb : 2x = ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, x = (20 3y) .....................(ii)
L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, 3b = 3.ab1 mgxKiY (i) I (ii) †_‡K cvB,
cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Y b Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB, 4 – 2y = (20 – 3y)
3mx1 = 3.amx11 ev, 12 – 6y = 20 – 3y
ev, 3mx1 = 3.amx2
ev, = amx2
ev, 3mx2 = amx2
ev, = [ a > 0, a 3]
ev, mx 2 = 0
ev, mx = 2
x= [ m 0]
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x =
M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY, 32b 5.3b1 66 = 0
ev, 32(mx1) 5.3mx11 66 = 0 [ b = mx1]
ev, 32x2 5.3x2 66 = 0 [ m = 1]
ev, 32x.32 5.3x.32 66 = 0
ev, .3x 66 = 0
ev, 32x 5.3x 594 = 0
ev, (3x)2 5.3x 594 = 0
ev, a2 5a 594 = 0 [3x = a a‡i]
ev, a2 27a + 22a 594 = 0
ev, (a 27) (a + 22) = 0
GLb a + 22 0 †Kbbv, a = 3x > 0
a 27 = 0
ev, 3x = 27
ev, 3x = 33
x=3
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 3
cÖkœ-5 î A. 3x.9y = 81
B. a3x + y.a2y = a20
C. 8yx 72x = 16
D. 2x = y2
K. B n‡Z x I > Gi m¤úK© wbY©q
Ki| 2
L. A I B n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4
M. C I D mgxKiY؇qi mgvavb
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 178
ev, – 6y + 3y = 20 – 12 ev, (2x)x = (y2)x [Dfqc‡ÿi NvZ x-G DbœxZ K‡i]
ev,– 3y = 8 ev, x2
2 =y 2x
[ (am)n = amn]
y=– ev, 2x2 = (yx)2 [ amn = (am)n]
mgxKiY (i) ÑG yÑGi gvb ewm‡q cvB, ev, 2x2 = 42 [(iii) bs †_‡K yx Gi gvb ewm‡q]
x=42
ev, 2x2 = 16
ev, x =
ev, 2x2 = 24
x=
(x, y) =
ev, x2 = 4 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
x=2
M. 8yx 72x = 16 .....................(i)
2x = y2 .....................(ii)
GLb, mgxKiY (ii)Ñ G x Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
GLb, mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB, hLb, x = 2, ZLb, 22 = y2
y2x 8yx + 16 = 0 ev, y2 = 4
ev, (yx)2 2.yx.4 + 42 = 0 y=2
ev, (yx 4)2 = 0 hLb, x = 2, ZLb, 2 2 = y2
yx = 4 ev, y2 =
Avevi, mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, y=
x
2 =y 2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (y, 2), (2, 2), ,
cÖkœ-6 î Ges ; y 1 `yBwU `yB PjKwewkó mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
m~PKxq mgxKiY| ev, yx = 4
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K x Gi ev, = 4 [(iii) bs †_‡K ewm‡q]
gvb †ei Ki| 2 ev, = 22
L. cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb ev, = 2
wbY©q Ki| 4 x=2
M. †`LvI †h, wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
mgvavb cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 4
mgvav‡bi mgvb| 4 y=2
x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 4
îí 6 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
ev, = 4
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, yx = x2 ..................(i) y=
x2x = y4 ..................(ii)
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2) (2, 2), ,
mgxKiY (ii) n‡Z cvB, (x2)x = y4
wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb, cÖ_g
ev, (yx)x = y4 [(i) bs Øviv]
mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvav‡bi mgvb|
ev, y = y
x2 4
(†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
ev, x2 = 4 [m~PK mgxK…Z K‡i]
x = 2 (Ans.)
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, x = 2
Avevi, ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, yx = x2 .................(i)
x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i)ÑG ewm‡q cvB,
x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 22
ev, y2 = 4
y=2
Ges x = 2 n‡j, y2 = ( 2)2
ev, = 4
y=
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2) (2, 2), ,
M. 2q mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K cvB,
yx = 4 .......................(i)
y2 = 2x .....................(ii)
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
= [Dfq w`‡K eM©g~j K‡i]
ev, y = .....................(iii)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 179
m„Rbkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn
cÖkœ-7 22x 3.2x + 2 = 32 Ges 32x 2 5.3x 2 = 66 L. 1g mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4
`yBwU m~PK mgxKiY| M. 2q mgxKiYwUi mgvavb wbY©q Ki Ges
K. 2x = a a‡i 1g mgxKiYwU †jL| 2 ïw× cixÿv Ki| 4
L. 1g mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4 DËi : L. x = 5; M. x = 2
M. 2q mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki Ges cÖkœ-9 41 + x = 41 x = 10 ..............(i)
mgxKiY؇qi g‡a¨ mvaviY g~j wbY©q Ki| 4x = a ..............................(ii)
4 K. (i) bs mgxKiY‡K a Gi GKwU wØNvZ
DËi : K. a2 12a + 32 = 0; L. x = 2, 3; M. x = 3, mvaviY mgxKi‡Y cÖKvk Ki| 2
g~j = 3 L. a Gi gvb ev¯Íe Kx? m~‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ a Gi
cÖkœ-8 = Ges = `yBwU m~PK mgxKiY| gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
K. m~PK mgxKiY Kv‡K e‡j? 2 M. x Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
DËi : L. x = 5
M. x = 2
cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`
`yB PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU
†h mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui Dfq mgxKiYB wØNvZ G‡`i‡K `yB PjKwewkó wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU e‡j|
†hgb- x2 + y2 = 25, xy = 12 wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU|
†R‡b ivL :
1. x2 + y2 Gi gvb me©`v abvZ¥K KviY `yBwU msL¨vi e‡M©i †hvMdj KLbI FYvZ¥K nq bv|
2. xy Gi gvb FYvZ¥K n‡j x wKsev y Gi †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU FYvZ¥K|
3. (x + y) I (x y) Dfq ivwki gvbB abvZ¥K wKsev FYvZ¥K †h‡Kv‡bvwU A_ev DfqB n‡Z cv‡i|
†hgb : (x + y)2 = 49 n‡j x + y = 7
Avevi (x y)2 = 64 n‡j x y = 8
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 180
Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb
mgvavb Ki : ev, 8y2 37y + 20 = 0
cÖkœ \ 1 \ (2x + 3) (y 1) = 14 ev, 8y2 32y 5y + 20 = 0
(x 3) (y 2) = 1 ev, 8y(y 4) 5(y 4) = 0
mgvavb : (2x + 3) (y 1) = 14 ................(i) ev, (y 4) (8y 5) = 0
(x 3) (y 2) = 1 ..................(ii)
nq, y 4 = 0 A_ev, 8y 5 = 0
mgxKiY (i) n‡Z Avgiv cvB,
y=4 ev, 8y = 5
y1=
y=
ev, y = + 1 ..................(iii) y Gi gvb mgxKiY (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
y Gi gvb mgxKiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,
y = 4 n‡j, y = n‡j,
(x 3) = 1
(x 2) (4 1) = 3 (x 2) = 3
ev, (x 3) = 1 ev, (x 2).3 = 3 ev, (x 2) . = 3
ev, (x 3) = 1 ev, x 2 = 1 ev, x 2 = 3
ev, = 1 x=3 ev, x 2 = 8
ev, (x 3) (11 2x) = (2x + 3) x=6
ev, 11x 2x2 33 + 6x = (2x + 3) wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (3, 4), ( 6, )
ev, 17x 2x2 33 + 2x + 3 = 0 cÖkœ \ 3 \ x2 = 7x + 6y
ev, 2x2 19x + 30 = 0 y2 = 7y + 6x
ev, 2x2 15x 4x + 30 = 0 mgvavb : x2 = 7x + 6y ....................(i)
ev, x(2x 15) 2(2x 15) = 0 y2 = 7y + 6x .................................(ii)
ev, (2x 15) (x 2) = 0 mgxKiY (i) †_‡K (ii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB,
x2 y2 = x y
nq, x 2 = 0 A_ev, 2x 15 = 0
x=2 ev, 2x = 15 ev, (x y) (x + y) 1(x y) = 0
x= ev, (x y) (x + y 1) = 0
x Gi gvb mgxKiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB, nq, x y = 0 A_ev, x + y 1 = 0
x = n‡j, x = y ............(iii) x = 1 y ........(iv)
(y 2) = 1 x=1y gvbwU (i) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
ev, (y 2) = 1 (1 y)2 = 7(1 y) + 6y
ev, y 2 = ev, 1 2y + y2 = 7 7y + 6y
ev, y = + 2 = = ev, y2 2y + 1 7 + y = 0
Avevi, x = 2 n‡j, ev, y2 y 6 = 0
(2 3) (y 2) = 1 ev, y2 3y + 2y 6 = 0
ev, 1 (y 2) = 1 ev, (y 3) (y + 2) = 0
ev, y 2 = 1 nq, y 3 = 0 A_ev, y + 2 = 0
y=3 y=3 y = 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 3), y Gi gvbmg~n (iv) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
cÖkœ \ 2 \ (x 2) (y 1) = 3 y = 3 n‡j, x = 1 3 = 2
(x + 2) (2y 5) = 15 y = 2 n‡j, x = 1 (2) = 3
mgvavb : (x 2) (y 1) = 3 ...................(i) Avevi, (i) bs G x = y ewm‡q cvB,
(x + 2) (2y 5) = 15 ..............(ii) y2 = 7y + 6y
mgxKiY (i) n‡Z Avgiv cvB, ev, y2 = 13y
x2= ev, y2 13y = 0
ev, x 2 + 4 = + 4 ev, y(y 13) = 0
ev, x + 2 = y = 0 A_ev 13
=
GLb, y-Gi gvb (iii) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
(x + 2) Gi gvb mgKxiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,
y = 0 n‡j, x = 0
(2y 5) = 15
y = 13 n‡j, x = 13
ev, 8y2 22y + 5 = 15y 15
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (0, 0), (13, 13), (3, 2), (2, 3)
ev, 8y2 22y + 5 15y + 15 = 0
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 181
cÖkœ \ 4 \ x2 = 3x + 2y n‡j, y = 25 = 5
x=
y2 = 3y + 2x wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = ,
mgvavb : x2 = 3x + 2y ...........................(i) cÖkœ \ 6 \ y + 3 =
y2 = 3y + 2x ..........................(ii) x4=
mgxKiY (i) n‡Z (ii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB, mgvavb : y + 3 = ..................................(i)
x2 y2 = 3x + 2y 3y 2x x 4 = ................................ (ii)
ev, x2 y2 x + y = 0 (i) bs n‡Z cvB, y = 3 ........................(iii)
ev, (x y) (x + y) 1(x y) = 0 (ii) bs n‡Z cvB, x = 4
ev, (x y) (x + y 1) = 0 ev, 3xy 5 = 12y .................(iv)
nq, x y = 0 A_ev, x + y 1 = 0 (iii) bs n‡Z y Gi gvb (iv) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
x = y ............(iii) x = 1 y ............(iv) 3x 5 = 12
(i) bs G x = y ewm‡q cvB, ev, 3x 5 =
y2 = 3y + 2y ev, 12 9x 5 = 36
ev, y2 = 5y ev, 7 9x = 36
ev, y2 5y = 0 ev, 9x + = 36 + 7
ev, y(y 5) = 0 ev, 9x2 + 48 = 43x
y = 0 A_ev 5
ev, 9x2 – 43x + 48 = 0
y Gi gvb (iii) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
ev, 9x2 27x 16x + 48 = 0
y = 0 n‡j, x = 0
ev, (x 3) (9x 16) = 0
y = 5 n‡j, x = 5
nq, x 3 = 0 A_ev, 9x 16 = 0
Avevi, (i) bs G x = 1 y ewm‡q cvB, x=3 ev, 9x = 16
(1 y)2 = 3(1 y) + 2y
x=
ev, 1 2y + y2 = 3 3y + 2y
x Gi gvb (iii) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
ev, 1 2y + y2 = 3 y
x = 3 n‡j,
ev, y2 2y + y 2 = 0 y= 3==
ev, (y 2) (y + 1) = 0 x = n‡j, y = 3
y=2 A_ev 1 =4 3= 3==
y Gi gvb (iv) bs G ewm‡q cvB, wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (3, ),
y = 2 n‡j, x = 1 2 = –1 cÖkœ \ 7 \ xy x2 = 1
y = 1 n‡j, x = 1 (1) = 1 + 1 = 2 y2 xy = 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (0, 0), (5, 5), (1, 2), (2, 1) mgvavb : xy x2 = 1 .........................(i)
cÖkœ \ 5 \ x + = 1 y2 xy = 2 ........................ (ii)
y + = 25 (i) bs †_‡K cvB,
mgvavb : x + = 1 ...............................(i) x(y x) = 1 ............................(iii)
y + = 25 ............................(ii) (ii) bs †_‡K cvB,
(i) bs n‡Z cvB, xy + 4 = y ...................(iii) y(y x) = 2 .............................(iv)
(ii) bs n‡Z cvB, xy + 4 = 25x ............. (iv) (iv) bs †K (iii) bs Øviv fvM K‡i cvB,
=
(iv) (iii) n‡Z cvB, 25x y = 0
y = 25x .....................................(v) ev, =
(i) bs G y = 25x ewm‡q cvB, y = 2x ............................(v)
x+ =1 y Gi gvb (i) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
ev, 25x2 + 4 = 25x x.2x x2 = 1
ev, 25x2 25x + 4 = 0 ev, 2x2 x2 = 1
ev, 25x2 20x 5x + 4 = 0 ev, x2 = 1
ev, (5x 4) (5x 1) = 0 ev, x2 1 = 0
nq, 5x 4 = 0 A_ev, 5x 1 = 0 ev, (x 1) (x + 1) = 0
ev, 5x = 4 ev, 5x = 1 x=1 A_ev 1
x= x= x Gi gvb (v) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
x Gi gvb (v) bs G ewm‡q cvB, x = 1 n‡j, y = 2 1 = 2
x = n‡j, y = 25 = 20 x = 1 n‡j, y = 2(1) = 2
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 182
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 2), (1, 2) ev, (x + y)2 = 49
cÖkœ \ 8 \ x2 xy = 14 ev, (x + y)2 = (7)2
y2 + xy = 60 ev, x + y = 7
mgvavb : x2 xy = 14 ............................(i) x + y = 7 n‡j, x = 7 y .....................(iii)
y2 + xy = 60 ........................... (ii)
Avevi, x + y = 7 n‡j, x = 7 y ..........(iv)
mgxKiY (ii) n‡Z (i) fvM K‡i cvB,
(ii) bs-G x = 7 y ewm‡q cvB,
=
y(7 y) = 12
ev, = ev, 7y y2 = 12
ev, 30x2 30xy = 7y2 + 7xy ev, y2 7y + 12 = 0
ev, 30x2 30xy 7y2 7xy = 0 ev, y2 4y 3y + 12 = 0
ev, 30x2 37xy 7y2 = 0 ev, y(y 4) 3(y 4) = 0
ev, 30x2 42xy + 5xy 7y2 = 0 ev, (y 4) (y 3) = 0
ev, 6x(5x 7y) + y(5x 7y) = 0 nq, y 4 = 0 A_ev, y 3 = 0
ev, (5x 7y) (6x + y) = 0 y=4 y=3
nq, 5x 7y = 0 A_ev, 6x+ y = 0 Avevi, (ii) bs G x = 7 y ewm‡q cvB
ev, 5x = 7y ev, 6x = y y(7 y) = 12
x = ...........(iii) x = ........(iv) ev, y2 + 7y + 12 = 0
(i) bs G x = ewm‡q cvB, ev, y2 + 4y + 3y + 12 = 0
y = 14 ev, (y + 4) (y + 3) = 0
ev, = 14
nq, y+4=0 A_ev, y + 3 = 0
ev, 7 = 14 y=4 y = 3
ev, =2 [7 Øviv fvM K‡i] y Gi gvbmg~n (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,
ev, =2 y = 4 n‡j, x = = 3
ev, 2y2 = 50 y = 3 n‡j, x = = 4
ev, y2 = 25 y = 4 n‡j, x = = 3
y=5
y = 3 n‡j, x = = 4
y Gi gvb (iii)bs G ewm‡q cvB,
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (3, 4), (4, 3), ( 3, 4), ( 4, 3)
y = 5 n‡j, x = 5 = 7
cÖkœ \ 10 \ + =
y = 5 n‡j, x = (5) = 7
x2 y2 = 3
Avevi, (i) bs G x = ewm‡q cvB, mgvavb : + = ................(i)
y = 14 x2 y2 = 3 ................................(ii)
ev, + = 14 (i) bs n‡Z cvB, =
ev, = 14 ev, =
ev, 7y2 = 14 36 ev, =
ev, y2 = ev, = [(ii) n‡Z]
ev, y2 = 36 2 ev, x2 + y2 = 5 ...........................(iii)
y=6
(ii) †_‡K (iii) †hvM K‡i cvB,
y=6 A_ev 6 2x2 = 8
y Gi gvb (iv) G ewm‡q cvB, ev, x2 = 4
y = 6 n‡j, x = 6 = x = 2
y = 6 n‡j x = (6) = x =2 n‡j, (ii) bs n‡Z cvB,
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (7, 5), (7, 5), (, 6), (, – y2 = 1
6) ev, y = 1
cÖkœ \ 9 \ x2 + y2 = 25 Avevi, x = 2 n‡j, (ii) bs n‡Z cvB,
xy = 12 y2 = 1
mgvavb : x + y = 25 .................(i)
2 2
ev, y2 = 1
Ges xy = 12 .......................(ii) y = 1
(i) bs n‡Z Avgiv cvB, wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 1), (2, – 1), (2, 1), (2, 1)
(x + y) 2xy = 25
2
cÖkœ \ 11 \ x2 + xy + y2 = 3
ev, (x + y)2 = 25 + 2 12 [(ii) n‡Z] x2 xy + y2 = 7
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 183
mgvavb : x2 + xy + y2 = 3 ...............(i) ev, 18x2 123xy + 39y2 = 0
Ges x2 xy + y2 = 7................ (ii) ev, 6x2 41xy + 13y2 = 0 [3 Øviv fvM K‡i]
(i) I (ii) †hvM K‡i cvB, ev, 6x 2xy 39xy + 13y = 0
2 2
2(x2 + y2) = 10 ev, 2x(3x y) 13y(3x y) = 0
x2 + y2 = 5 .............................(iii) ev, (3x y) (2x 13y) = 0
Avevi, (i) n‡Z (ii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB, nq, 3x y = 0 A_ev, 2x 13y = 0
2xy = 4
y = 3x ............(iii) ev, 2x = 13y
xy = 2 ..............................(iv)
y = x ..........(iv)
Avgiv Rvwb,
(ii) bs mgxKi‡Y y = 3x ewm‡q cvB,
x2 y2 =
5x2 + 4(3x)2 = 41
=
= [(iii) I (iv) bs n‡Z] ev, 5x2 + 4 9x2 = 41
= ev, 5x2 + 36x2 = 41
= ev, 41x2 = 41
x2 y2 = 3 ..............................(v) ev, x2 = 1
(iii) I (v)
bs †hvM K‡i cvB, x = 1
nq, 2x = 8 2
A_ev, 2x2 = 2 (iii)bs mgxKi‡Y x = 1 ewm‡q cvB,
ev, x = 4
2
ev, x2 = 1 x = 1 n‡j, y = 3 1 = 3
x = 2 x = 1 x = 1 n‡j, y = 3(1) = 3
x Gi gvb¸‡jv (iv) G ewm‡q cvB, (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y y = ewm‡q cvB,
x = 2 n‡j, y = = 1 5x2 + 4 = 41
x = 2 n‡j, y = = 1 ev, 5x2 + 4 = 41
x = 1 n‡j, y = = 2 ev, 845x2 + 16x2 = 41 169
x = 1 n‡j, x = = 2 ev, 861x2 = 41 169
wb‡Y©q mgvavb: (x, y) = (1, – 2), (2, 1), (1, 2), ev, x2 =
(2, 1) ev, x2 =
cÖkœ \ 12 \ 2x2 + 3xy + y2 = 20 ev, x =
5x2 + 4y2 = 41
x=
mgvavb : 2x2 + 3xy + y2 = 20 ................(i) (iv) bs mgxKi‡Y x = ewm‡q cvB,
5x2 + 4y2 = 41 ........................(ii)
x = n‡j, y = =
mgxKiY (i) †K (ii) Øviv fvM K‡i cvB,
x = n‡j, y =
=
ev, 100x2 + 80y2 = 82x2 + 123xy + 41y2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 3), (1, 3)
,
ev, 100x2 82x2 123xy + 80y2 41y2 = 0
AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
54 : `yB PjKwewkó wØNvZ 3. †KvbwU `yB Pj‡Ki wØNvZ mgxKiY?
(mnR)
mgxKiY †RvU x2 + y2 = 40 L 4x + 5 = 0
M 2x 1 = 0 N ax + y = 0
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb
4. x2 + y2 = 25, x 2y = 10 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ?
cÖ‡kœvËi
(KwVb)
1. y + 3 = mgxKiYwU †_‡K wb‡Pi †Kvb K (0, 5), (4, 3) L (0, 5), (4, 3)
mgxKiYwU cvIqv hvq? (ga¨g) (0,5, (4, 3) N (0, 5), (4, 3)
K xy 3x = 4 xy + 3x = 4 5. + = 5, x + y = 10 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb KZ?
M xy x = 3 N xy + x = 3 (KwVb)
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU x + = , y + = 3 mgxKiY (8, 2), (2, 8) L (9, 2), (1, 4)
M (2, 8), (2, 8) N (8, 2), ( 8, 2)
†Rv‡Ui GKwU mgvavb n‡e? (ga¨g)
K (x, y) = (0, 0) (x, y) = (1, 2)
6. wb‡Pi †KvbwU `yB PjK wewkó GK
M (x, y) = (2, 1) N (x, y) = (2, 3) NvZ mgxKiY? (ga¨g)
K x2 + xy = 12, xy = 8 L x2 + y2 = 25, x 2y = 10
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 184
M xy y2 = 1, y2 xy = 2 x + y = 20, 2x + 3y = 8 17. i. x + 2y 3 = 0, 4x y 3 = 0 mgxKiY؇qi x-Gi
7. + = , x2 + y2 = 90 mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui x2 Gi gvb gvb 1
KZ? (KwVb) ii. DcwiD³ mgxKiY؇q y Gi gvb 3
K9 L 18 M 90 81
iii. DcwiD³ mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb n‡e (1, 1)
8. 3x + 6y = 20, 2x 3y = 4
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui (x, y) Gi gvb wb‡Pi
(ga¨g)
†KvbwU? (KwVb)
Ki I ii I iii i
K (4, 3) M (3, 4) N
M ii I iiiN i, ii I iii
9. xy = 30, x2 + y2 = 61 mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb
18. i. x + 2y = 3; 4x y = 3 mgxKiY؇q y Gi gvb 1
†KvbwU? (ga¨g)
K (x, y) = (3, 4) (x, y) = (6, 5) ii. mgxKiY؇q y Gi gvb 2
M (x, y) = (6, 5) N (x, y) = (5, 4) iii. mgxKiY؇q y Gi gvb 1
10. x + xy = 74, xy = 48 mgxKi‡Y (x, y) Gi mgvavb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†KvbwU? (ga¨g) (ga¨g)
(x, y) = (6, 8) L (x, y) = (8, 4) K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M (x, y) = (2, 6) N (xy) = (4, 6)
19. 6x 5y = 8 I 4x 5y = 2 `yBwU mgxKiYÑ
11. x + = , y + = 3 n‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. mgxKiY؇q 5y = 10
(ga¨g)
ii. mgxKiY؇q x Gi gvb 3
K x = 3y y = 2x M x = 2y N y = 6x
iii. mgxKiY؇q y Gi gvb 2
12. x2 + y2 = 60 I xy = – 42 n‡j (x y) Gi FYvZ¥K
gv‡bi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mZ¨? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(ga¨g)
(ga¨g)
K 144 12 M N 14 Ki I ii Li I iii I iii
M ii i, ii I iii
e¨vL¨v : (x y) 2
= x + y 2xy
2 2
20. i. x + y = 25, xy = 12 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY
2 2
= 60 + 2 42
= 144
†RvU
x y = = 12 ii. x + 2y = 3, 4x y = 3 GKwU wØPjK mgxKiY
13. x2 + y2 = 25 I xy = 12 n‡j (x2 y2) Gi abvZ¥K gvb †RvU
KZ? (ga¨g) iii. x2 + xy = 3 GKwU GK PjK mgxKiY †RvU
7 L9 M 11 N 25
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
e¨vL¨v : (x2 y2)2 = (x2 + y2)2 4x2y2
= 625 576
(mnR)
= 49 I iii
i I ii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Li
x y 2 2
= =7
21. x + xy + y = 3 Ges x xy + y = 7 n‡jÑ
2 2 2 2
14. 2 = 5 I x + y = 10
i. (x + y)2 = 1
mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb †KvbwU?
ii. x2 + y2 = 0
(KwVb)
K (x, y) = ( 2, 8) L (x, y) = (2, 8) iii. xy = 2
M (x, y) = ( 2, 8) (x, y) = (2, 8) wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
15. x2 = 7x + 6y, y2 = 7y + 6x n‡j (x + y) = KZ?(KwVb) (ga¨g)
1 L1 M2 N2 K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK 22. x + y = 81 Ges xy = 40 mgxKiY †Rv‡UÑ
2 2
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi i. x > 0 n‡j y > 0
ii. x > 0 n‡j y < 0
16. x2 + y2 = 25 Ges xy = 12 GKwU mgxKiY †RvU
iii. x < 0 n‡j y > 0
n‡jÑ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
i. x + y = 7
K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. x y = 1
23. y y 6 = 0 n‡jÑ
2
iii. (x, y) = (4, 3) GKwU mgvavb
i. y 3 = 0 ii. y 2 = 0
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. y = 2
(KwVb)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii i, ii I iii
24. 2x2 = 128 n‡jÑ
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 185
i. x = 2 ii. x2 = 64 K 1 1 M N3
iii. x = 8 27. 2q mgxKi‡Y x = 0 n‡j, y2 + ( y)2 Gi gvb KZ?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
K2 L0 M2 4
(ga¨g)
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 28 I 29 bs cÖ‡kœi
Ki I ii Li I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
DËi `vI :
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK x2 + xy + y2 = 3; x2 xy + y2 = 7
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 28. x2 + y2 = KZ? (mnR)
K3 L4 5 N6
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 25 - 27bs cÖ‡kœi
29. xy = KZ? (mnR)
DËi `vI :
K1 2 M7 N8
xy x = 1, y2 xy = 2 GKwU mgxKiY †RvU|
2
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 30 I 31 bs cÖ‡kœi
25. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY †RvU Abymv‡i wb‡Pi
DËi `vI :
†KvbwU x2 y2 Gi gvb? + = Ges x2 + y2 = 90
(mnR)
30. x2 y2 Gi gvb KZ? (mnR)
3 L3 M4 N6
K 27 L 112 72 N 90
26. (x y)2 Gi gvb †KvbwU?
31. Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
(ga¨g) K1 L 1 2 N 2
32. x2 + y2 = 61, xy = 30 n‡j, (x y)2 = KZ? ii. 3x = 1 n‡j, x = 1
K 160 L 120 iii. 9x = 3 n‡j, x =
121 N0
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
33. x = 7x + 6y, y = 7y + 6x n‡j, x + y = KZ?
2 2
K i I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K0 1 M1 N2
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 36 - 38 bs cÖ‡kœi
34. 7x 5x + 6 = ax + cx + b Gi mnM¸‡jv mgxK…
2 2
DËi `vI :
Z Ki‡j cvB
x y = 8, xy = 3 GKwU mgxKiY †RvU|
2 2
i. b = 6
ii. c = 5 36. x Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
iii. a = 7 K1 L2 3 N9
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 37. y Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii i, ii I iii 1 L2 M3 N9
35. i. 4 = n‡j, x =
x 38. x2 + y2 Gi gvb KZ?
K4 L8 M9 10
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ-1 î x2 + y2 = 61 Ges xy = 30 GKwU ev, (x + y)2 = 1
wØNvZ mgxKiY †RvU| ev, x + y =
K. (x + y)2 Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 2 x + y = 1 ................(iii)
L. mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb Ki| 4 Avevi mgxKiY (ii) †K 2 Øviv ¸Y K‡i (i) †_‡K
M. weKí c×wZ‡Z mgxKiY †RvUwU we‡qvM Kwi
x2 + y2 2xy = 61 + 60
mgvavb Ki| 4
ev, (x y)2 = 121
îí 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
ev, x y = = 11
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, x y = 11 ..............(iv)
x2 + y2 = 61 .....................(i) mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) bs †_‡K cvB,
Ges xy = 30 .................(ii) ............. (v) ............... (vi)
mgxKiY (ii) †K 2 Øviv ¸Y K‡i (i) Gi mv‡_ ............. (vii) ............(viii)
†hvM Kwi| (v) mgvavb K‡i cvB, x = 6 Ges y = 5
x + y + 2xy = 61 60
2 2
(vi) mgvavb K‡i cvB, x = 5, y = 6
(x + y)2 = 1 (vii) mgvavb K‡i cvB, x = 5, y = 6
wb‡Y©q gvb 1 (viii) mgvavb K‡i cvB, x = 6, y = 5
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB,
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 186
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (6, 5), ( 5, 6), (5, 6), ( 6, ev, (y2)2 25y2 36y2 + 900 = 0
5) ev, y2 (y2 25) 36(y2 25) = 0
M. x2 + y2 = 61 ......................(i) ev, (y2 25)(y2 36) = 0
xy = 30 ..........................(ii)
nq, y2 25 = 0 A_ev, y2 36 = 0
(ii) mgxKiY n‡Z cvB, x = ...............(iii) y=5 y=6
(iii) mgxKiY G cÖvß x Gi gvb (i) G ewm‡q GLb, y Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q,
cvB, y = 5 n‡j, x = 6
+ y2 = 61
y = 5 n‡j, x = 6
ev, + y2 = 61
y = 6 n‡j, x = 5
ev, y4 + 900 = 61y2
y = 6 n‡j, x = 5
ev, y4 61y2 + 900 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (5, 6), ( 5, 6), ( 6, 5), (6, 5)
cÖkœ-2 î (i) x2 xy = 14, y2 + xy = 60 ev, (5x 7y) (6x + y) = 0
(ii) + = , x2 y2 = 3 nq, 5x 7y = 0 A_ev, 6x + y = 0
K. (ii) bs n‡Z x2 + y2 Gi gvb KZ? 2 ev, 5x = 7y ev, x = ...........(iv)
L. (ii) bs n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4 ev, x = ...........(iii)
M. (i) Gi mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4 mgxKiY (i) G x = ewm‡q cvB,
îí 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí y = 14
K. + = ev, = 14
ev, = ev, 7 = 14
ev, = ev, = 2
ev, = ev, = 2
ev, = ev, 2y2 = 50
ev, = [ x2 y2 = 3]
ev, y2 = 25
y = 5
x2 + y2 = 5
y Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
L. mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
y = 5 n‡j x = 5 =7
x2 y2 = 3 ...........................................(iii)
Ges ÔKÕ †_‡K x2 + y2 = 5 .........................(iv) y = 5 n‡j x = (5) = 7
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †hvM K‡i cvB, Avevi, x = , (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
x2 y2 + x2 + y2 = 3 + 5 y = 14
ev, 2x2 = 8 ev, + = 14
ev, x2 = 4 ev, = 14
x=2 ev, 7y2 = 14 36
Avevi, mgxKiY (iv) n‡Z (iii) we‡qvM K‡i cvB, ev, y2 =
x2 + y2 x2 + y2 = 5 3 ev, y2 = 36 2
ev, 2y2 = 2 ev, y = 6
ev, y2 = 1 y = 6 A_ev 6
y = 1 y Gi gvb (iv) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 1), (2, 1), (2, 1), (2, 1) y = 6n‡j, x = 6 =
M. †`Iqv Av‡Q, y = 6n‡j, x = 6 =
x2 xy = 14 .........................(i)
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (7, 5), (7, 5), (, – 6), ( , 6)
Ges y2 + xy = 60 ..................(ii)
mgxKiY (ii) †K (i) Øviv fvM K‡i cvB, cÖkœ-3 î (i) x + = 1, y + = 25
= (ii) 2x2 + 3xy + y2 = 20, 5x2 + 4y2 = 41
ev, = K. (i) n‡Z x †K y Gi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 2
ev, 30x2 30xy = 7y2 + 7xy L. (i) n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4
ev, 30x2 7y2 37xy = 0 M. (ii) Gi mgvavb Ki| 4
ev, 30x2 37xy 7y2 = 0 îí 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
ev, 30x2 42xy + 5xy 7y2 = 0
K. GLv‡b, x + = 1
ev, 6x(5x 7y) + y(5x 7y) = 0
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 187
ev, xy + 4 = y ..............(i) ev, 2x(3x y) 13y(3x y) = 0
Avevi, y + = 25 ev, (3x y) (2x 13y) = 0
ev, xy + 4 = 25x .....................(ii) nq, 3x y = 0 A_ev, 2x 13y = 0
(i) I (ii) n‡Z cvB, ev, y = 3x .......... (iii) ev, 2x = 13y
y = 25x ev, 13y = 2x
ev, x = ev, y = .......(iv)
x †K y Gi gva¨‡g †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| (ii) G y = 3x ewm‡q cvB,
L. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, y = 25x .................(iii) 5x2 + 4(3x)2 = 41
DÏxcK Abyhvqx, ev, 5x2 + 4.9x2 = 41
x+ =1 ev, 5x2 + 36x2 = 41
ev, x + = 1 ev, 41x2 = 41
ev, 25x2 + 4 = 25x ev, x2 = 1
ev, 25x2 20x 5x + 4 = 0 x = 1
ev, 5x(5x 4) 1(5x 4) = 0 (iii)G x = 1 ewm‡q cvB,
ev, (5x 4) (5x 1) = 0 x = 1 n‡j, y = 3 1 = 3
nq, 5x 4 = 0 A_ev, 5x 1 = 0 x = 1 n‡j, y = 3(1) = 3
ev, x = x= (ii) G y = ewm‡q cvB,
hLb, x = ZLb, y = 25 = 20 5x2 + 4 = 41
hLb, x = ZLb y = 25 = 5 ev, 5x2 + = 41
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = ; ev, 845x2 + 16x2 = 41 169
M. †`Iqv Av‡Q, ev, 861x2 = 41 169
2x2 + 3xy + y2 = 20 ..................(i) ev, x2 =
5x2 + 4y2 = 41 ..........................(ii) ev, x2 =
(i) (ii) K‡i cvB, ev, x =
= x=
ev, 100 x2 + 80y2 = 82x2 + 123xy + 41y2 (iv) G x = ewm‡q cvB,
ev, 100x2 82x2 123xy + 80y2 41y2 = 0 x= n‡j, y = =
ev, 18x2 123xy + 39y2 = 0 x = n‡j, y = =
ev, 6x2 41xy + 13y2 = 0 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 3), (1, 3), , |
ev, 6x2 2xy 39xy + 13y2 = 0
m„Rbkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn
cÖkœ-4 (x 2) (y 1) = 3 Ges (x + 2) (2y 5) = 15 DËi : K. x = ;
`yB PjKwewkó mgxKiY †RvU| L. (x, y) = (3, 4), ( 6, )
K. 1g mgxKiY †_‡K x Gi gvb‡K y Gi gva¨‡g cÖkœ-5 Ges y2 + xy = 60 `yB
x2 xy = 14
cÖKvk Ki| 2 PjKwewkó mgxKiY †RvU|
L. cÖvß x †K 2q mgxKi‡Y cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i K. 1g mgxKiY †_‡K y Gi gvb‡K x Gi gva¨‡g
†`LvI †h, cÖKvk Ki| 2
8y2 37y + 20 = 0 4 L. cÖvß y †K Aci mgxKi‡Y cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i x Gi
M. mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Ki | 4 gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 188
M. mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb (x, y) wbY©q Ki| L. x = 7 A_ev ;
4 M. (x, y) = (7, 5), (7, 5), (, 6), (, 6)
DËi : K. y = x ;
cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`
wØNvZ mnmgxKi‡Yi e¨envi
A‡bK mgq mgm¨vq `yBwU AÁvZ ivwki gvb wbY©q Ki‡Z nq, †m‡¶‡Î AÁvZ ivwk `yBwUi
gvb x Ges y ev Ab¨ †h‡Kv‡bv `yBwU ¯^Zš¿ cÖZxK ai‡Z nq| Zvici mgm¨vi kZ© ev
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 189
kZ©¸‡jv †_‡K ci¯úi Awbf©i, m½wZc~Y© mgxKiY MVb K‡i mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb Ki‡jB
x Ges y AÁvZ ivwk¸‡jvi gvb wbY©q Kiv hvq|
e‡M©i GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ x GKK n‡j eM©‡ÿ‡Îi
1. †ÿÎdj = x2 eM© GKK
2. cwimxgv = 4x GKK
3. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = GKK
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x GKK Ges cÖ¯’ y GKK n‡j AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi
1. †ÿÎdj = xy eM© GKK
2. cwimxgv = 2(x + y) GKK
3. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = GKK
GKwU msL¨vi GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Ges `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ y n‡jÑ
1. msL¨vwU = x + 10y
2. A¼Øq ¯’vb cwieZ©b Ki‡j msL¨vwU = (y + 10x)
†R‡b ivL :
1. †Kv‡bv ev¯Íe msL¨vi eM© me©`vB abvZ¥K n‡e|
2. †Kv‡bv msL¨vi eM©g~j me©`vB abvZ¥K n‡e|
3. †h‡Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ I †ÿÎdj me©`vB abvZ¥K| G‡`i FYvZ¥K gvb KL‡bvB
MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq|
4. eM© I Avq‡Zi †ÿ‡Î KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`N©¨ mgvb n‡e|
5. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ I cwimxgv me©`vB abvZ¥K n‡e|
Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ \ 1 \ `yBwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎd‡ji ev, x =
mgwó 481 eM©wgUvi| H `yBwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi + wPwýZ wb‡q, x = = 16
`yB evû Øviv MwVZ AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 240 wPý wb‡q, x = = 15
eM©wgUvi n‡j, eM©‡ÿÎ `yBwUi cÖ‡Z¨K x = 16 A_ev 15
evûi cwigvY KZ? x Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, GKwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi evûi x = 16 n‡j,
ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi, Ges Aci eM©‡ÿÎwUi evûi 16 + y = 31;
ˆ`N©¨ y wgUvi| ev, y = 31 16
y = 15
cÖkœg‡Z, x + y = 481 ......................(i)
2 2
Avevi, x = 15 n‡j,
Ges xy = 240 ........................(ii)
15 + y = 31
Avgiv Rvwb, (x + y)2 = x2 + y2 + 2xy
ev, y = 31 15 y = 16
= 481 + 2 240
= 481 + 480 eM©‡ÿÎ `ywUi evûi cwigvY 16 wgUvi Ges 15
= 961 wgUvi| (Ans.)
x + y = 31 cÖkœ \ 2 \ `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi
†h‡nZz ˆ`N©¨ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv e‡M©i mgwó 250| msL¨v `yBwUi ¸Ydj 117,
myZivs x + y = 3 MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| msL¨v `yBwU wbY©q Ki|
x + y = 31 ...............................(iii)
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, msL¨v `yBwU x I y
Avevi, (x y)2 = x2 + y2 2xy
cÖkœg‡Z, x2 + y2 = 250 .........................(i)
= 481 2 240
= 481 480 Ges xy = 117 ........................(ii)
=1 Avgiv Rvwb, (x + y)2 = x2 + y2 + 2xy
x y = 1 ......................(iv) = 250 + 2 117
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) bs †hvM K‡i cvB, = 250 + 234
x + y = 31 = 484
x y = 1
2x = 31 1 [†hvM K‡i]
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 190
x + y = 22 †h‡Zû `ywU abvZ¥K msL¨vi cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ 8 wgUvi Ges
mgwó FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv| myZivs x + y = 2 cÖ¯’ 6 wgUvi| (Ans.)
MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq|
cÖkœ \ 4 \ `yBwU msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó
x + y = 22 ............................ (iii)
Avevi, (x y)2 = x2 + y2 2xy 181 Ges msL¨v `yBwUi ¸Ydj 90, msL¨v
= 250 2 117 `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi wbY©q Ki|
= 250 234 mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, msL¨v `ywU x I y|
= 16 cÖkœg‡Z, x2 + y2 = 181 ..........................(i)
x y = 4 ..........................(iv)
Ges xy = 90 ............................(ii)
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †hvM K‡i,
msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi x2 y2 A_ev y2 x2
x + y = 22
x y = 4 Avgiv Rvwb, (x2 y2)2 = (x2 + y2)2 4x2y2
2x = 22 4 = (181)2 4(90)2
ev, x = = 32761 32400
= 361
ev, x = 11 2 x2 y2 =
x = 13 A_ev 9 = 19
x Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, Avevi, (y2 x2)2 = (y2 + x2)2 4x2 y2
x = 13 n‡j, 13 + y = 22 = (x2 + y2)2 4(xy)2
y=9 = (181)2 4(90)2 = 32761 32400
x=9 n‡j, 9 + y = 22 y2 x2 = = 19
y = 13 †h‡nZz msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi A_©vr
wb‡Y©q msL¨v `yBwU h_vµ‡g 13 Ges 9| (Ans.) ïaygvÎ gvb PvIqv n‡q‡Q|
cÖkœ \ 3 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi 19| (Ans.)
ˆ`N©¨ 10 wgUvi| Bnvi evû؇qi †hvMdj I cÖkœ \ 5 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 24
we‡qvMd‡ji mgvb ˆ`N©¨wewkó evûØq eM©wgUvi| Aci GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨
Øviv Aw¼Z AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 28 I cÖ¯’ cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’
eM©wgUvi n‡j, cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ A‡cÿv h_vµ‡g 4 wgUvi Ges 1 wgUvi †ewk
I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| Ges †ÿÎdj 50 eM©wgUvi| cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki|
I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g x I y wgUvi Ges GKwU K‡Y©i mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I
ˆ`N©¨ = wgUvi| cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g x wgUvi I y wgUvi|
cÖkœg‡Z, = 10 †ÿÎdj = xy eM©wgUvi
x2 + y2 = 100 ...............................(i)
cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 24 ...............................(i)
Aci AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g (x + y) I (x
Aci AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g (x + 4) wgUvi I (y +
y) wgUvi|
1) wgUvi
cÖkœg‡Z, (x + y) (x y) = 28
Zvn‡j Aci AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj
ev, x2 y2 = 28 .............................(ii)
= (x + 4) (y + 1) eM©wgUvi
mgxKiY (i) I (ii) †hvM K‡i cvB,
= (xy + x + 4y + 4) eM©wgUvi
x2 + y2 = 100
x2 y2 = 28 cÖkœg‡Z, xy + x + 4y + 4 = 50
2x2 = 128 ev, 24 + x + 4y = 50 4 [ xy = 24]
ev, x = 64
2
ev, x + 4y = 46 24
x=8 ev, x = 22 4y
x=8
GLb x Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
x Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, (22 4y).y = 24
82 + y2 = 100
ev, 22y 4y2 24 = 0
ev, y2 = 100 64
ev, 4y2 + 22y 24 = 0
ev, y2 = 36
ev, 2y2 11y + 12 = 0
ev, y = = 6
ev, 2y2 8y 3y + 12 = 0
y = 6 [ cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv]
ev, 2y(y 4) 3(y 4) = 0
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 191
ev, (y 4) (2y 3) = 0 Ges xy = 48 ......................................(ii)
y = 4 A_ev ev, 1 mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
y Gi gvb (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, =x+y4
y = 4 n‡j, x = 22 4 4 = 22 16 = 6 ev, = (x + y 4)2 [eM© K‡i]
y = n‡j, x = 22 4 = 22 6 = 16 ev, x + y = (x + y) 2.(x + y).4 + 4
2 2 2 2
AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g 6 wg. I 4 ev, x2 + y2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 8(x + y) + 16
wg. ev, 8(x + y) = x2 + 2.48 + y2 + 16 x2 y2 [ xy = 48]
A_ev, 16 wg. I 1wg.| (Ans.) ev, 8(x + y) = 96 + 16
cÖkœ \ 6 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cÖ‡¯’i wظY ev, x + y =
ˆ`N©¨ A‡cÿv 23 wgUvi †ewk| AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ev, x + y = 14
†ÿÎdj 600 eM©wgUvi n‡j,Zvi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ y = 14 x .............................(iii)
wbY©q Ki| GLb y Gi gvb (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q,
xy = 48
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’
ev, x(14 x) = 48
h_vµ‡g x I y wgUvi|
ev, 14x x2 48 = 0
AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj = xy eM© wg.
ev, x2 + 14x 48 = 0
cÖkœvbymv‡i, xy = 600 .....................................(i)
ev, x2 14x + 48 = 0[Dfqcÿ‡K (1) Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
Ges 2y = x + 23
ev, x2 8x 6x + 48 = 0
ev, x = 2y 23 ............................(ii)
ev, x(x 8) 6(x 8) = 0
GLb x Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
ev, (x 8) (x 6) = 0
xy = 600
x = 8 A_ev 6
ev, (2y 23)y = 600
ev, 2y2 23y 600 = 0 x Gi gvb (iii) bs G ewm‡q,
x = 8 n‡j, y = 14 8 = 6
ev, 2y2 48y + 25y 600 = 0
x = 6 n‡j, y = 14 6 = 8
ev, 2y(y 24) + 25 )(y 24) = 0
x = 6 Ges y = 8 MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| KviY AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi
ev, (y 24) (2y + 25) = 0
nq, y 24 = 0 A_ev, 2y + 25 = 0 ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv e„nËi|
x = 8 Ges y = 6
y = 24 ev, 2y = 25
y= AZGe, ˆ`N©¨ 8 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 6 wgUvi|
(Ans.)
wKš‘ y = MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| KviY cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K
n‡Z cv‡i bv| cÖkœ \ 8 \ `yB A¼wewkó GKwU
y = 24 msL¨v‡K Gi A¼Ø‡qi ¸Ydj Øviv fvM Ki‡j
y Gi gvb (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, fvMdj 2 nq| msL¨vwUi mv‡_ 27 †hvM Ki‡j
x = 2y 23 = 2 24 23 = 48 23 x = 25 A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq K‡i| msL¨vwU
AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ 25 wg. Ges cÖ¯’ 24 wg.| wbY©q Ki|
(Ans.) mgvavb: g‡b Kwi, `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Ges GKK
cÖkœ \ 7 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv ¯’vbxq A¼ y
KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©¨i mgwó A‡cÿv 8 wgUvi msL¨vwU = 10x + y
†ewk| †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj 48 eM©wgUvi n‡j, Zvi cÖkœvbymv‡i, = 2
ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| ev, 10x + y = 2xy ...............................(i)
mgvavb: g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ x wg. Avevi, 10x + y + 27 =
10y + x
Ges cÖ¯’ y wg.
ev, 10x + y + 27 10y x = 0
Zvn‡j, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wg.
ev, 9x 9y + 27 = 0
Ges †ÿÎdj = xy eM© wg.
ev, 9(x y + 3) = 0
GKwU K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = wg.
ev, x y + 3 = 0
`yBwU K‡Y©i ˆ`‡N©¨i mgwó = 2wg.
ev, x y = 3
cÖkœg‡Z, 2 + 8 = 2(x + y)
ev, x = y 3 ....................................(ii)
ev, + 4 = x + y
x Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB
ev, = x + y 4 ....................(i)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 192
10x + y = 2xy eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ = wg.
ev, 10(y 3) + y = 2y(y 3) = wg.
ev, 10y 30 + y = 2y2 6y = 8wg. (Ans.)
ev, 10y + y 2y2 + 6y 30 = 0 cÖkœ \ 10 \ GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 300
ev, 2y2 + 17y 30 = 0 eM©wgUvi Ges Gi Aa©cwimxgv GKwU
ev, 2y2 17y + 30 = 0 [(1) Øviv ¸Y K‡i] KY© A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk| †ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨
ev, 2y 12y 5y + 30 = 0
2
I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki|
ev, 2y(y 6) 5(y 6) = 0 mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi
ev, (y 6) (2y 5) = 0 Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi|
nq, y 6 = 0 A_ev, 2y 5 = 0 †ÿÎdj = xy eM©wgUvi
y=6 ev, 2y = 5 Aa©cwimxgv = wgUvi
y= = x + y wgUvi
†Kv‡bv c~Y©msL¨vi A¼ fMœvsk n‡Z cv‡i Ges K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = wgUvi
bv| kZ©g‡Z, xy = 300 .........................................(i)
y=6
Ges x + y 10 = .............. (ii)
y Gi gvb (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
(ii) bs mgxKiY †_‡K,
x=y3=63=3x=3
x + y 10 =
msL¨vwU = 10 3 + 6 = 30 + 6 = 36 (Ans.)
ev, (x + y 10)2 =
cÖkœ \ 9 \ GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi
ev, (x + y)2 2(x + y).10 + (10)2 = x2 + y2
cwimxgv 56 wgUvi Ges KY© 20 wgUvi| H
ev, x2 + 2xy + y2 20x 20y + 100 x2 y2 = 0
evMv‡bi mgvb †ÿÎdjwewkó eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GK
ev, 2xy 20x 20y + 100 = 0
evûi ˆ`N©¨ KZ?
ev, 2.300 20x 20y + 100 = 0 [(i) n‡Z]
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, AvqZvKvi evMvbwUi
ev, 600 20x 20y + 100 = 0
ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi
ev, 20x 20y = 700
Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi
ev, 20(x + y) = 700 [(1) Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
evMv‡bi cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wgUvi
ev, x + y = 35 ............................(iii)
K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = wg.
Avevi, x y =
Ges †ÿÎdj = xy eM© wg.
=
cÖkœg‡Z, 2(x + y) = 56 =
ev, x + y = 28 .................(i) =
Ges = 20 x y = 5 .............................(iv)
ev, x2 + y2 = 400 ........(ii) [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †hvM K‡i cvB,
2x = 40
mgxKiY (i) n‡Z cvB,
x + y = 28
ev, x =
x = 20
ev, (x + y)2 = (28)2
x Gi gvb (iv) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
ev, x2 + y2 + 2xy = 784
20 y = 5
ev, 400 + 2xy = 784 [(ii) †_‡K]
ev, y = 20 5
ev, 2xy = 784 400
ev, y = 15
ev, xy = = 192
AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 20 wg. Ges cÖ¯’ 15
xy = 192
wg.| (Ans.)
evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj = 192 eM© wg.
¸iæZ¡c~Y© enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
1. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 2. `yBwU msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 11Ges ¸Ydj
90 Ges ¸Ydj 27 n‡j msL¨v `yBwU wK 30| msL¨v `ywU KZ?
wK? K 3 Ges 5 L 4 Ges 5 5 Ges 6 N 6 Ges 4
9, 3 L 9, 6 M 6, 3 N 12, 6
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 193
3. 3x 4y = 0, 2x 3y = 1 mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb 6. msL¨v `yBwUi mgwói eM© KZ?
†KvbwU? K 9 16 M 25 N 36
(4, 3) L (3, 4) M (2, 3) N (3, 2) wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
4. x = y Gi x = 2y n‡j (x, y) = KZ?
y z
`vI :
K (2, 4) (4, 2) M (2, 6) N (6, 2) `yBwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎd‡ji mgwó 25 eM©wgUvi
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 5 I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi Ges G‡`i `yB evû Øviv MwVZ AvqZ‡ÿ‡Î †ÿÎdj
`vI : 12 eM©wgUvi
`yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 8 Ges ¸Ydj 7. ¶z`ªZi eM©wUi evûi ˆ`N©¨ KZ?
3
K 6 wgUvi L 5 wgUvi M 4 wgUvi 3 wgUvi
5. msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i mgwó KZ?
8. eM©‡ÿÎ `yBwUi †ÿÎd‡ji AbycvZ KZ?
10 L 13 M 17 N 25
K 25 : 16 16 : 9 M 9:4 N 4:3
55 : wØNvZ mnmgxKi‡Yi 16. †KvbwU K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ cwigv‡ci m~Î?
(mnR)
e¨envi 2
Kx +y 2
Lx y
2 2
N
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb 17. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 5 wg.,
AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ x I y wg. n‡j
cÖ‡kœvËi
x2 + y2 Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
9. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 600 eM©wgUvi K5 25 M 50 N 100
n‡j, GRb¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb mgxKiYwU 18. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 4 wg. I cÖ¯’ 3
mZ¨? (ga¨g) wg. n‡j Gi GKwU K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ wb‡Pi
K x + y = 600 L x – y = 600 †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
xy = 600 N x2y2 = 600
K 16 L9 M7 5
10. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ cÖ‡¯’i wظY 19. eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ 6 wg. n‡j
A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk| AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj †ÿÎdj wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
600 eM©wgUvi n‡j, ˆ`N©¨ KZ? (KwVb) (mnR)
K 20 wg. 30 wg. M 40 wg. N 50 wg.
K 36 wg. L 72 wg. M 124 wg. 144 wg.
11. GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 20. GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ y Gi
56 wgUvi Ges GKwU KY© 20 wgUvi| H wZb ¸Y n‡j msL¨vwU KZ?
evMvbwUi †ÿÎdj KZ? (KwVb) (ga¨g)
K 190 eM©wgUvi L 191 eM©wgUvi K 6y L 12y 13y N 31y
192 eM©wgUvi N 193 eM©wgUvi 21. `yBwU msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó 113 Ges
12. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 11 msL¨v `ywUi ¸Ydj 56 n‡j msL¨v `ywUi
Ges ¸Ydj 30| msL¨v `yBwU KZ? mgwói eM© KZ? (ga¨g)
(ga¨g) K 169 L 220 225 N 325
K 3 I –5 L5I4 M6I4 6I5 22. GKwU AvqZKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 70
13. GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv wgUvi Ges GKwU KY© 25 wg. n‡j
70 wgUvi I GKwU KY© 25 wgUvi n‡j, ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ KZ wgUvi? (KwVb)
ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ KZ wgUvi? (KwVb) K 20 wg. I 10 wg. 20 wg. I 15 wg.
K 25 wg. I 15 wg. 20 wg. I 15 wg. M 15 wg. I 12 wg. N 12 wg. I 10 wg.
M 20 wg. I 12 wg. N 15 wg. I 10 wg. 23. `ywU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 13
14. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó Ges ¸Ydj 42 msL¨v `ywU KZ?
41, msL¨v `yBwUi ¸Ydj 20; msL¨v (ga¨g)
`yBwU KZ? (KwVb) 7, 6 L 6, 5 M 6, 4 N 6, 3
K3I 4 4I 5 M5I 6 N7I 8
24. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’
15. `ywU abvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó ˆ`‡N©¨i GK-Z…Zxqvsk| hw`
337| msL¨v `ywUi e‡M©i AšÍi 175| AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj 145 eM©wgUvi nq
msL¨vwU KZ? (KwVb) Z‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mZ¨?
9 I 16 L 12, 15 M 13, 14 N 15, 16
(KwVb)
K x2 = 145 x2 = 435
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 194
M x(x + 3) = 535 N x2 + 3x = 435 Ki I iii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
e¨vL¨v : cÖkœvbymv‡i, †ÿÎdj = x
32. `yBwU abvZ¥K c~Y© msL¨vi e‡M©i
= 145 eM©wgUvi
x = 435 eM©wgUvi
mgwó 13 n‡jÑ
25. `yB A¼wewkó GKwU msL¨vi i. msL¨vØq h_vµ‡g 2 I 3
A¼Ø‡qi mgwó 12 A¼Øq ¯’vb ii. msL¨v؇qi †hvMdj 5
wewbgq Ki‡j cÖvß msL¨vwU g~j iii. msL¨vØq Ag~j` msL¨v
msL¨vi `kK ¯’vbxq A‡¼i wZb¸Y nq| wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
msL¨vwU KZ? (ga¨g) (ga¨g)
K 98 L 100 102 N 120 K i I iii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
e¨vL¨v : cÖkœvbymv‡i, msL¨vwU = 10x + 12 x 33. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨v x I y Gi e‡M©i
= 9x + 12
mgwó 221 Ges ¸Ydj 110 n‡jÑ
A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j = 10 (12 x) + x = 3x
i. GKwU mgxKiY xy = 110
ev, 120 10x + x = 3x
ev, 12x = 120 ii. GKwU mgxKiY x2 + y2 = 221
x = 10 iii. GKwU mgxKiY x = 10, y = 21
msL¨vwU = 9 10 + 12 = 102
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
26. GKwU eM©vKvi evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ GKwU
K i I iii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi K‡Y©i mgvb|
34. e‡M©i cwimxgv 24 GK n‡jÑ
AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’
i. evûi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ 6 GKK
h_vµ‡g x I y n‡j, eM©vKvi evMv‡bi
ii. †ÿÎdj 30 GKK
†ÿÎdj KZ? (mnR)
iii. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ GKK
K x + y eM© GKK L (x + y)2 eM© GKK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
x2 + y2 eM© GKK N eM© GKK
K i I iii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
27. GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Gi e¨vL¨v : (i) GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ x = = 6 GKK
¸Y| msL¨vwU KZ? (ga¨g) (ii) †ÿÎdj (6) = 36 GKK
2
K 10x L M (iii) K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = = GKK
e¨vL¨v : cÖkœvbymv‡i, msL¨vwU = 10x + = 35. †Kv‡bv msL¨vi GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ 4 Ges
28. GKwU evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj 324 eM©wgUvi n‡j `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ GKK ¯’vbxq A‡¼i 4 ¸Y
cwimxgv KZ wgUvi? (ga¨g) n‡jÑ
K 18 L 54 72 N 90
i. msL¨vwU n‡e 164
e¨vL¨v : cÖwZ evûi ˆ`N©¨ = 18
ii. A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j msL¨vwU n‡e
cwimxgv = 4 18 = 72 wgUvi
65
29. GKwU e‡M©i evûi ˆ`N©¨ x Ges K‡Y©i
iii. A¼Ø‡qi †hvMdj GKK ¯’vbxq A‡¼i
ˆ`N©¨ y n‡j (y x) = KZ? (ga¨g)
( 1)x L (1 )x
cuvP¸Y
M ( 2)x N (2 )x wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (KwVb)
30. GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Gi K i I iii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wظY n‡j msL¨vwU KZ? (ga¨g) e¨vL¨v : GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ 4
K 10x 12x M 20x N 24x
`kK ¯’vbxq A¼ 4 4 = 16
e¨vL¨v : `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x msL¨vwU = 10 16 + 4 = 164
GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ 2x A¼Ø‡qi ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j msL¨vwU 10 4 + 16
= 56
msL¨vwU = 10x + 2x = 12x
A¼Ø‡qi †hvMdj 4 + 16 = 20 hv GKK ¯’vbxq A‡¼i
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK 5 ¸Y
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 36. `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨vi ¸Ydj 117|
GRb¨Ñ
31. eM©‡ÿ‡Îi evûi ˆ`N©¨ 6 GKK n‡jÑ
i. x y = 117
i. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ GKK
ii. x + y = 117
ii. †ÿÎdj 12 GKK
iii. xy = 117
iii. cwimxgv 24 GKK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(ga¨g)
(ga¨g)
Ki I ii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 195
37. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cÖ¯’ 4 GKK Ges †ÿÎdj 24 40. eM©‡ÿÎ `yBwUi evû h_vµ‡g x I y n‡j
eM© GKK n‡jÑ †ÿÎd‡ji mgwó mgxKi‡Yi gva¨‡g †`LvI|
i. ˆ`N©¨ 6 GKK (mnR)
ii. KY© 2 GKK
2 2 2 2
x + y = 650 L x = 650 + y
M 2x + 2y = 650 N x2y2 = 650
iii. cwimxgv 20 GKK
41. †QvU eM©‡ÿÎwUi evûi ˆ`N©¨ KZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wgUvi? (ga¨g)
(ga¨g)
17 L 19
Ki I iii i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M 71 N 91
38. GKwU msL¨v I H msL¨vi ¸YvZ¥K 42. eo eM©‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ KZ wgUvi?
wecixZ msL¨vi mgwó 6| m¤¢ve¨ (ga¨g)
mgxKiYwU MVb Ki‡j nq K 17 19
i. x + = 6 M 71 N 91
ii. x2 + 1 = 6x `yBwU abvZ¥K c~Y©msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 9
iii. x 6x 1 = 0
2 Ges ¸Ydj 20|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Dc‡ii Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 43 I 44 bs cÖ‡kœi
(ga¨g) DËi `vI :
i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 43. msL¨v `yBwU Kx Kx?
39. x Ges y `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨v Ges x2 (KwVb)
y2 = 20 Ges x + y = 10 n‡j- K 3, 4 4, 5 M 3, 5 N 5, 6
i. x2 + y2 = 52
44. msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i mgwó KZ?
(KwVb)
ii. x = 6, y = 4
K1 41 M 25 N 61
iii. x = 2y
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 45 47 bs cÖ‡kœi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
DËi `vI :
(mnR)
GKwU e„‡Ëi e¨vmva© I GKwU e‡M©i evûi
i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ˆ`N©¨ mgvb| Zv‡`i †ÿÎd‡ji cv_©K¨ ( – 1)
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eM© GKK|
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 45. e‡M©i evûi ˆ`N©¨ KZ GKK?
(KwVb)
`yBwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎd‡ji mgwó 650
1 L2 M N 2
eM©wgUvi| H `yBwU eM©‡ÿÎ `yB evû Øviv
46. e„‡Ëi †ÿÎdj KZ eM© GKK? (KwVb)
MwVZ AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 323 eM©wgUvi|
K (1) L (21) N 2
Dc‡ii Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 40 Ñ 42 bs cÖ‡kœi 47. eM©‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ KZ GKK?
DËi `vI : (KwVb)
K2 M /2 N
48. `yBwU µwgK we‡Rvo ¯^vfvweK iii. x2 7x 1 = 0
msL¨vi ¸Ydj 141 A‡cÿv eo| †QvU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
msL¨v wbgœc‡ÿ Kx n‡Z cv‡i? K i I iii i I ii
11 L 12 M 13 N 15 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
49. `ywU FYvZ¥K msL¨vi e‡M©i mgwó wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 52 I 53 bs cÖ‡kœi
130, e‡M©i AšÍi 32 n‡j msL¨v `ywU KZ? DËi `vI :
K 7, 5 9, 7 M 11, 9 N 8, 9
GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 56 wgUvi|
50. GKwU msL¨vi `kK ¯’vbxq Aÿ x Ges
ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv 4 wgUvi †ewk|
GKK ¯’vbxq y n‡j msL¨vwU KZ?
52. AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ KZ wgUvi?
10x + y L 10y + x M 10x y N 10y x
16 L 12
51. GKwU msL¨v I H msL¨vi ¸YvZ¥K M 10 N9
wecixZ msL¨vi mgwó 7 m¤¢ve¨ 53. AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj KZ
mgxKiY MVb Ki‡j n‡e- eM©wgUvi?
i. x + = 7 ii. x2 + 1 = 7x K 182 192
M 212 N 312
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 196
m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ-1 î GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ cÖ‡¯’i wظY A‡cÿv 10 K. g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi
wgUvi †ewk|
Ges cÖ¯’ y wgUvi
K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj wbY©q Ki| 2
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wgUvi
L. hw` AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 600
Ges AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = wgUvi
eM©wgUvi nq Z‡e cÖgvY Ki †h,
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wgUvi
x 15 = 0 4
Ges `ywU K‡Y©i ˆ`‡N©¨i mgwó = 2
M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ wbY©q Ki| 4
wgUvi
îí 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí 2+ 12 = 2(x + y)
K. g‡b Kwi, ev, + 6 = x + y
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cÖ¯’ x wgUvi = x + y 6 ..................(i)
ˆ`N©¨ (2x + 10) wgUvi Ges xy = 108 ........................(ii)
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj (2x + 10) x eM©wgUvi (i) n‡Z cvB, = x + y 6
= (2x2 + 10 x) eM©wgUvi ev, ()2 = (x + y 6)2 [eM© K‡i]
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, ev, x +y = (x + y) 12(x + y) + 36
2 2 2
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj = (2x + 10 x) eM©wgUvi
2 ev, x2 + y2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 12(x + y) + 36
kZ©g‡Z, 2x2 + 10x = 600 ev, 12(x +y) = 252 [ xy = 108]
ev, 2x2 + 10x 600 = 0 ev, x + y = 21
ev, 2(x2 + 5x 300) = 0 ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’ = 21 wg (cÖgvwYZ)
ev, x2 + 5x 300 = 0 M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cvB,
ev, x2 + 20x 15x 300 = 0 x + y = 21
ev, x(x + 20) 15(x + 20) = 0 ev, y = 21 x ....................(i)
ev, (x + 20) (x 15) = 0 Ges xy = 108 ..........................(ii)
(ii) bs G y Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
nq, x + 20 = 0 A_ev, x 15 = 0
x (21 x) = 108
x = – 20 [MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq] x 15 = 0
ev, 21x x2 = 108
(cÖgvwYZ)
ev, x2 12x 9x + 108 = 0
M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cvB,
ev, x(x 12) 9(x 12) = 0
(x + 20) (x 15) = 0
nq, x + 20 = 0 ev, (x 12) (x 9) = 0
ev, x = 20 [wKš‘ x = 20 MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq KviY nq, x 12 = 0 A_ev, x 9 = 0
x = 12 x=9
ˆ`N©¨ ev cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv]
x Gi gvb (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
A_ev, x 15 = 0
x = 12 Gi Rb¨
x = 15
y = 21 12
ˆ`N©¨ = (2x + 10) wgUvi y=9
= (2 15 + 10) wgUvi Ges x = 9 Gi Rb¨
= (30 + 10) wgUvi y = 21 9
= 40 wgUvi (Ans.) y = 12
cÖkœ-2 î GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©¨i mgwó wKš‘ ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv †QvU n‡Z cv‡i
A‡cÿv 12 wgUvi †ewk| bv|
K. K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ I cwimxgvi ˆ`N©¨ = 12 wg. Ges cÖ¯’ = 9 wg. (Ans.)
m~ÎwU †jL| 2
cÖkœ-3 î GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cÖ‡¯’i wظY ˆ`N©¨ A‡cÿv 23 wg.
L. †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj 108 eM©wgUvi n‡j †ewk AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 600 eM© wg.|
cÖgvY Ki †h, ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’ = 21 K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ‡¯’i g‡a¨
wgUvi| 4 m¤úK© cÖwZôv Ki| 2
M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q L. Dc‡ii m¤ú‡K©i gva¨‡g ˆ`N©¨ I
Ki| 4 cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4
îí 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv †ei Ki Ges
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 197
Dnvi KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©¨i mgwó msL¨vwU = 10y + x
†ei Ki| 4 A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j cÖvß msL¨v n‡e
îí 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí 10x + y
L. cÖkœg‡Z, = 2 ...........................(i)
K. g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi Ges
Ges 10x + y + 27 = 10y + x ...............(ii)
cÖ¯’ y wgUvi
mgxKiY (ii) n‡Z cvB,
cÖkœg‡Z, 2y = x + 23 10x + y + 27 = 10y + x
Ges †ÿÎdj xy = 600 eM©wgUvi ev, 10x + y 10y x + 27 = 0
L. 2y = x + 23 ev, 9x 9y + 27 = 0
ev, x = 2y 23 .................(i) ev, 9(x y + 3) = 0
Avevi, xy = 600 ev, x y + 3 = 0
ev, (2y 23)y = 600 ev, x = y 3 .....................(iii)
ev, 2y2 23y 600 = 0 Avevi mgxKiY (i) n‡Z cvB,
ev, 2y2 48y + 25y 600 = 0 10x + y = 2xy
ev, 2y(y 24) + 25(y 24) = 0 ev, 10(y 3) + y = 2(y 3) y
ev, (y 24) (2y + 25) = 0 ev, 10y 30 + y = 2y2 6y
nq, y 24 = 0 A_ev, 2y + 25 = 0 ev, 2y2 6y 11y + 30 = 0
y = 24 ev, 2y = 25 ev, 2y2 17y + 30 = 0 (Ans.)
y= M. ÔLÕ n‡Z cvB,
wKš‘ cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i 2y2 17y + 30 = 0
bv ev, 2y2 12y 5y + 30 = 0
y ev, 2y (y 6) 5(y 6) = 0
y Gi abvZ¥K gvb (i) G ewm‡q cvB, ev, (y 6) (2y 5) = 0
x = 2 24 23 = 48 23 = 25
nq y 6 = 0 A_ev, 2y 5 = 0
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 25 wg Ges cÖ¯’ 24 wgUvi|
y=6 y= [MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq]
(Ans.)
y = 6, mgxKiY (iii) G ewm‡q cvB,
M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv (ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’)
=2
x=63
= 2 (25 + 24) wgUvi
ev, x = 3
= 2 49 wgUvi = 98 wgUvi
msL¨vwU = 10 3 + 6
Avevi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi KY© = = 30 + 6 = 36
=
wb‡Y©q msL¨vwU 36|
=
cÖkœ-5 î GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 56 wg. Ges KY© 20
wgUvi
= = 3466
wg.|
†h‡nZz KY© `ywU ci¯úi mgvb, K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi cwimxgv I KY© Kv‡K
`ywU K‡Y©i mgwó = (3466 + 3466) wgUvi e‡j Ges cwimxgv I KY©
= 6932 wgUvi (Ans.) wbY©‡qi m~Î †jL| 2
cÖkœ-4 î `yB A¼wewkó GKwU msL¨v‡K Gi A¼Ø‡qi ¸Ydj
L. Aby‡”Q‡`i mv‡c‡ÿ GKwU wØNvZ
Øviv fvM Ki‡j fvMdj nq 2| msL¨vwUi mv‡_ 27 †hvM Ki‡j
A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq K‡i| mnmgxKiY wbY©q Ki| 4
K. msL¨vwUi GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Ges M. mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i
`kK ¯’vbxq A¼ y n‡j msL¨vwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj †ei Ki Ges G
KZ Ges A¼Øq ¯’vb wewbgq Ki‡j †ÿÎd‡ji mgvb †ÿÎdj wewkó GKwU
msL¨vwU KZ? 2 eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GKwU evûi ˆ`N©¨ †ei
L. m¤úK© `ywUi gva¨‡g GKwU Ki| 4
wØNvZ mnmgxKiY wbY©q Ki| 4 îí 5 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
M. mgxKiYwU mgvavb K‡i K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi Pvi evûi mgwó‡K Gi cwimxgv
msL¨vwU wbY©q Ki| 4 e‡j|
îí 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí cwimxgv = 2 (ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’)
K. g‡b Kwi, `kK ¯’vbxq A¼ x Ges Avevi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi wecixZ †KŠwYK we›`yi
GKK ¯’vbxq A¼ y ms‡hvRK mij‡iLv‡K KY© e‡j|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 198
KY© = ev, x2 + y2 + 2xy = 784
L. g‡b Kwi, M. ÔLÕ †_‡K cvB,
AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi ˆ`N©¨ x wg. x2 + y2 + 2xy = 784
Ges cÖ¯’ y wg. ev, 400 + 2xy = 784
evMv‡bi cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wg. ev, 2xy = 784 400
K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = wg. ev, xy =
Ges †ÿÎdj = xy eM© wg. xy = 192
cÖkœg‡Z, 2(x + y) = 56 A_©vr evMv‡bi †ÿÎdj =192 eM©wgUvi
ev, x + y = 28 ..............(i) Avevi AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi †ÿÎd‡ji mgvb
Ges = 20 †ÿÎdjwewkó eM©vKvi †ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj A_©vr
ev, x2 + y2 = 400 ..........(ii) [eM© K‡i] eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 192 eM©wgUvi
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB, eM©‡ÿ‡Îi GK evûi ˆ`N©¨ = wg.
x + y = 28 = wg.
ev, (x + y)2 = (28)2 [eM© K‡i] = 8 wg. (Ans.)
cÖkœ-6 î GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 300 eM©wgUvi Ges ev, x + y = 35 [Dfqcÿ‡K ( 20) Øviv fvM
Aa©cwimxgv GKwU KY© A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk|
K‡i]
K. Dc‡ii Z_¨¸‡jv‡K mgxKiY AvKv‡i x + y = 35 ................(iii)
cÖKvk Ki| 2 GLb, Avgiv Rvwb,
L. AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ (x y)2 = (x + y)2 4xy
wbY©q Ki| 4 = 352 4 300 = 1225 1200 = 25 = (5)2
M. hw` †ÿÎwUi cÖ‡¯’i wظY ˆ`N©¨ x y = 5 .............(iv) [ x y, A_©vr x y o]
A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk nq, ZLb Gi mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †hvM K‡i cvB,
†ÿÎdj D³ †ÿÎd‡ji wظY nq| Z‡e x + y + x y = 35 + 5
†ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ wbY©q Ki| 4 ev, 2x = 40
îí 6 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí ev, x =
x = 20
K. g‡b Kwi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ = x wgUvi mgxKiY (iii) n‡Z (iv) we‡qvM K‡i cvB,
Ges cÖ¯’ = y wgUvi x + y (x y) = 35 5
xy ev, x + y x + y = 35 5
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj = xy eM©wgUvi ev, 2y = 30
Aa©cwimxgv = wgUvi = (x + y) ev, y =
wgUvi y = 15
Avevi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 20 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 15
KY© = wgUvi| (Ans.)
= wgUvi M. hw` AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x I cÖ¯’ y nq, Z‡e
cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 300 kZ©g‡Z,
Ges x + y = + 10 2y = x + 10 ev, x = 2y 10
L. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, xy = 300 ...................(i) AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj = (2y 10)y eM© wgUvi|
Ges x + y = + 10 ..............(ii) ÔLÕ †Z cÖvß AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ 20 wgUvi I
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, cÖ¯’ 15 wgUvi n‡j AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj (20 15)
x + y 10 = ev, 300 eM©wgUvi|
ev, (x + y 10)2 = [Dfqcÿ‡K eM© K‡i] cÖkœg‡Z, (2y 10)y = 2 300
ev, x2 + 2xy + y2 + 100 20x 20y = x2 + y2 ev, 2(y 5)y = 2 300
ev, 2xy 20x 20y = x2 + y2 x2 y2 100 ev, y2 5y = 300
ev, 2 300 20x 20y = 100 [ xy = 300] ev, y2 5y 300 = 0
ev, 600 20x 20y = 100 ev, y2 20y + 15y 300 = 0
ev, 20x 20y = 100 600 ev, y(y 20) + 15(y 20) = 0
ev, 20(x + y) = 700 ev, (y 20)(y + 15) = 0
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 199
nq, y 20 = 0 A_ev y + 15 = 0 cÖvPximn †ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ = (30 + 2 2)
ev, y = 20 y = 15 wg.
y 15 KviY ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i = 34 wg.
bv Ó Ó cÖ¯’ = (20 + 2 2) wg.
†ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨, x = (2 20 10) wgUvi = 24 wg.
= 40 10 wgUvi = 30 wgUvi Ó Ó †ÿÎdj = (34 24) e. wg.
(Ans.) = 816 e. wg.
cÖkœ-7 î GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ Avevi, cÖvPxiev‡` AvqZvKvi †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj
cÖ‡¯’i wظY A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi Kg| †ÿÎwUi = 600 eM© wg.
†ÿÎdj 600 wgUvi| cÖvPx‡ii †ÿÎdj
K. `yBwU PjK a‡i `yBwU mgxKiY = cÖvPximn †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj cÖvPxiev‡`
ˆZwi Ki| 2 †ÿÎwUi †ÿÎdj
L. ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4 = (816 600) eM© wg.
M. AvqZvKvi †ÿÎwUi PZzw`©‡K 2 = 216 eM© wg.
wgUvi PIov Ges 2 wgUvi DuPz cÖvPx‡ii AvqZb = cÖvPx‡ii †ÿÎdj
GKwU cÖvPxi wbg©vY Ki‡Z 25 cÖvPx‡ii D”PZv
†m.wg. ˆ`N©¨, 15 †m.wg. cÖk¯Í = (216 2) Nb wg.
Ges 10 †m.wg. D”PZv wewkó = 432 Nb wg.
KZwU BU jvM‡e? 4 †`Iqv Av‡Q, B‡Ui ˆ`N©¨ = 25 †m.wg. =
îí 7 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí 025 wg.
K. awi, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ = x wgUvi Ó cÖ¯’ = 15 †m.wg. = 015 wg.
Ges Ó cÖ¯’ = x wgUvi B‡Ui D”PZv = 10 †m. wg. = 010 wg.
Avgiv Rvwb, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj = ˆ`N©¨ B‡Ui AvqZb = (025 015 010) Nb wg.
cÖ¯’ = xy eM© wg. = 000375 Nb wg.
cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 600 ..........................(i) cÖvPxiwU wbg©vY Ki‡Z BU jvM‡e =
Ges 2y = x + 10 ......................(ii) = wU
(i) I (ii) bs mgxKiYB wb‡Y©q mgxKiY| = 115200 wU
L. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, 2y = x + 10 cÖvPxi wbg©vY Ki‡Z 115200wU BU jvM‡e
y = ................(iii) (Ans.)
cÖkœ-8 î GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 300 eM©wgUvi Ges Gi
GLb, y Gi gvb (i) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB,
A_© cwimxgv GKwU KY© A‡cÿv 10 wgUvi †ewk|
x = 600
AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi, cÖ¯’ y wgUvi|
ev, = 600
K. AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi Aa© cwimxgv I
ev, x2 + 10x = 1200
K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ x Ges y Gi gva¨‡g
ev, x2 + 10x 1200 = 0
cÖKvk Ki| 2
ev, x2 + 40x 30x 1200 = 0
L. ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ wbY©q Ki| 4
ev, x(x + 40) 30(x + 40) = 0
M. AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©¨i
ev, (x + 40) (x 30) = 0
mgwó †Kv‡bv e‡M©i cwimxgvi
nq, x + 40 = 0 A_ev, x 30 = 0
mgvb n‡j, eM©wUi †ÿÎdj I
x = 40 x = 30
K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ wbY©q Ki| 4
hv MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| KviY, ˆ`N©¨ KL‡bv
FYvZ¥K n‡Z cv‡i bv| îí 8 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ = 30 wgUvi K. GLv‡b, AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi
Ges cÖ¯’ = [(iii) n‡Z] Ó cÖ¯’ y wgUvi
= wg. = 20 wg. cwimxgv = 2(x + y) wgUvi
AvqZ‡ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ 30 wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ 20 Aa©cwimxgv = (x + y) wgUvi (Ans.)
wgUvi (Ans.) K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = wgUvi (Ans.)
M. AvqZvKvi †ÿÎwUi PZzw`©‡K 2 wg. PIov L. kZ©g‡Z, xy = 300 .......................(i)
cÖvPxi wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| Ges (x + y) = + 10 ...........(ii)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 200
ev, x + y 10 = x = 15 n‡j ˆ`N©¨ = 15 wg. cÖ¯’ = 20 wg. hv
ev, (x + y 10) = x + y
2 2 2
MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| KviY, ˆ`N©¨ cÖ¯’|
ev, x + y + 100 + 2xy 20x 20y = x + y
2 2 2 2
ˆ`N©¨ = 20 wg. I cÖ¯’ = 15 wg. (Ans.)
ev, 20x + 20y = 100 + 2 300 = 700 [(i) n‡Z] M. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = GKK
ev, x + y = 35 = wgUvi
ev, x + = 35 = 25 wgUvi
ev, x2 + 300 = 35x KY©Ø‡qi ˆ`‡N©¨i mgwó = 25 2 = 50
ev, x2 35x + 300 = 0 wgUvi
ev, x 20x 15x + 300 = 0
2
kZ©g‡Z, e‡M©i cwimxgv = 50 wgUvi
ev, x(x 20) 15(x 20) = 0 e‡M©i GK evûi ˆ`N©¨, a = = 125 wgUvi
ev, (x 20) (x 15) = 0 eM©wUi †ÿÎdj = a2 eM© GKK
x = 20 ev, x = 15 = (125)2 eM©wgUvi
x = 20 n‡j ˆ`N©¨ = 20 wgUvi, cÖ¯’ = 15 = 15625 eM©wgUvi (Ans.)
wgUvi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = a GKK
= 125 wg. = 1768 wgUvi (cÖvq)
(Ans.)
m„Rbkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn
cÖkœ-9 GKwU AvqZvKvi †ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj DËi : K. x + y = 32; L. x = 17, y = 15
300
eM©wgUvi Ges Gi Aa©cwimxgv GKwU M. †ÿÎdj 225 eM©wgUvi, K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ wgUvi
KY© A‡cÿv 10 †ewk| Ges cwimxgv 64 wgUvi|
K. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi Aa©cwimxgv Kv‡K e‡j Ges Gi cÖkœ-11 GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 24
m~ÎwU †jL| 2 eM©wgUvi| Aci GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨
L. DÏxcK mv‡c‡ÿ mgxKiY wbY©q Ki| 4 I cÖ¯’ cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’
M. mgxKi‡Yi mv‡c‡ÿ †ÿÎwUi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv h_vµ‡g 4 wgUvi I 1 wgUvi †ewk
wbY©q Ki| 4 Ges †ÿÎdj 50 eM©wgUvi|
DËi : L. xy = 300 Ges (x + y) = K. cÖ_g AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x I cÖ¯’ y a‡i mgxKiY
M. ˆ`N©¨ 20 wgUvi I cÖ¯’ 15 wgUvi `yBwU †jL| 2
cÖkœ-10 `yBwU abvZ¥K msL¨v x I y L. x I y Gi gvb wbY©q Ki| 4
†hLv‡b x > y msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i AšÍi 64| M. hw` GKwU eM©‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj wØZxq
K. msL¨v `yBwUi AšÍi 2 n‡j mgwó KZ? 2 AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎd‡ji mgvb nq| Z‡e D³
L. msL¨v `yBwU wbY©q Ki| 4 eM©‡ÿ‡Îi e‡M©i ˆ`N©¨ wbY©q Ki| 4
M. hw` AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ y DËi : K. xy = 24, x + 4y = 22 L. (x, y) = (6, 4)
wgUvi nq Z‡e †ÿÎdj, K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ I M. 5
cwimxgv wbY©q Ki| 4
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 201
cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`
`yB PjKwewkó m~PK mgxKiY †RvU
m~PKxq mgxKi‡Y Dfqc‡¶ wfwË mgvb n‡j NvZ¸‡jv‡K mgvb AvKv‡i †jLv hvq|
mgxKiY †Rv‡U †h‡Kv‡bv c×wZ cÖ‡qvM K‡i mgvavb Kiv hvq|
†R‡b ivL
(1) †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨vi m~PK ev NvZ k~b¨ (0) n‡j Zvi gvb 1.
h_v a = 1, ( 2a) = 1, = 1, = 1 wKš‘ 0 AmsÁvwqZ|
(2) y2 = n‡j y2 = 9 y = 3 [ sign n‡q‡Q wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi Rb¨, eM©g~j () Gi Rb¨ bq]
(3) †h‡Kv‡bv abvZ¥K msL¨vi eM©g~j me©`v abvZ¥K|
Av‡iv †R‡b ivL
msL¨v‡iLvq †`Lv hvq (1.732) Gi Ae¯’vb k~b¨ (0) n‡Z
Wvbw`‡K A_©vr me©`v abvZ¥K| Abyiƒcfv‡e Gi
me©`v abvZ¥K G Kvi‡YB msL¨v‡iLvq k~b¨ (0)
Wvbw`‡K wKš‘ k~b¨ (0) n‡Z evgw`‡K Aew¯’Z|
Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb
mgvavb Ki : ev, 2y + y + 1 2y. 2y = 0 [(iii) n‡Z ]
cÖkœ \ 1 \ 2x + 3y = 31 ev, 3y + 1 4y = 0
2
2x 3y = 23 ev, 4y2 + 3y + 1 = 0
mgvavb : 2x + 3y = 31 .......................(i) ev, 4y2 3y 1 = 0 [(1) Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
2x 3y = 23 ....................(ii)
ev, 4y 4y + y 1 = 0
2
mgxKiY (i) I (ii) †hvM K‡i cvB,
ev, 4y(y 1) + 1(y 1) = 0
2.2x = 8
ev, (y 1) (4y + 1) = 0
ev, 2x = 22
nq, y – 1 = 0 A_ev, 4y + 1 = 0
ev, x = 2 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
y=1 ev, 4y = 1
Avevi, mgxKiY (i) †_‡K (ii) we‡qvM K‡i
y=
cvB,
GLb, y Gi gvb mgxKiY (iii) G ewm‡q cvB,
2.3y = 54
y = 1 n‡j, x = 2.1
ev, 3y = 27
x=2
ev, 3y = 33 Ges y = n‡j, x = 2.
y=3
ev, x =
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 3)
x=
cÖkœ \ 2 \ 3 = 9 x y
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 1),
5x + y + 1 = 25xy cÖkœ \ 3 \ 3x.9y = 81
mgvavb: 3x = 9y ............................(i) 2x y = 8
5x + y + 1 = 25xy ....................(ii) mgvavb : 3x.9y = 81 ...................(i)
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB, 2x y = 8 ................. (ii)
3x = (32)y mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
ev, 3x = 32y 3x.9y = 81
x = 2y .................................(iii) ev, 3x.(32)y 34 [ 34 = 81]
Avevi, mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, ev, 3 .3 = 3
x 2y 4
[ (am)n = amn]
5x + y + 1 = 52xy [ am = an n‡j m = n] ev, 3x + 2y = 34 [ am.an = am + n]
ev, x + y + 1 = 2xy ev, x + 2y = 4 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
ev, x + y + 1 2xy = 0 ev, x + 2y 4 = 0 ....................(iii)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 202
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, mgvavb : yx = x2 ........................(i)
2x y = 8 x2x = y4 .......................(ii)
ev, 2x y 8 = 0 ....................(iv) mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †_‡K eRª¸Yb c×wZ‡Z cvB (x2)x = y4
== ev, (yx)x = y4 [(i) n‡Z]
ev, = = ev, yx2 = y4
ev, = = ev, x2 = 4
x = 4, y = 0 x = 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (4, 0) x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
cÖkœ \ 4 \ 2x.3y = 18 x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 22
22x. 3y = 36 ev, y2 = 4
mgvavb : 2x.3y = 18 .......................(i) y=2
22x. 3y = 36 ....................(ii) Ges x = 2 n‡j, y2 = (2)2
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K (i) fvM K‡i cvB, ev, = 4
=
ev, y2 =
ev, = 2 y=
ev, 22x – x = 2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, )
ev, 2x = 21 cÖkœ \ 7 \ yx = 4
x=1
y2 = 2x
GLb x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i) -G ewm‡q cvB, mgvavb : yx = 4 ...................... (i)
21.3y = 18
y2 = 2x ......................(ii)
ev, 2.3y = 18 mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
ev, 3y = 9 [2 Øviv fvM K‡i] y2 = 2x
ev, 3y = 32 ev, (y2)x = (2x)x [Dfqc‡ÿi NvZ x-G DbœxZ K‡i]
y=2 m
[ a = a n
n‡j m = n] ev, y2x = 2x2 [(am)n = amn]
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 2) ev, (yx)2 = 2x2 [(am)n = amn]
cÖkœ \ 5 \ ax.ay+1 = a7 ev, (4)2 = 2x2 [(i) †_‡K y Gi gvb ewm‡q]
a2y.a3x+5 = a20 ev, (2 ) = 2
2 2 x2
mgvavb: ax.ay+1 = a7 .....................(i) ev, 24 = 2x2 [(am)n = amn]
a2y.a3x+5 = a20 ................. (ii)
ev, x2 = 4 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
x=2 [eM©g~j K‡i]
ax.ay+1 = a7
ev, ax+y+1 = a7 [ am.an = am + n] GLb, x Gi gvb mgxKiY (i)-G ewm‡q cvB
ev, x + y + 1 = 7 [ a = an n‡j m = n]
m hLb x = 2 hLb x = 2
ev, x + y = 6 ZLb y = 4
2
ZLb y2 = 4
x + y 60 = 0 .............................(iii) y=2 ev, = 4
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB, ev, y2 =
a2y.a3x+5 = a20 y=
ev, a 2y+ 3x + 5
=a 20 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), ( 2, )
ev, 3x + 2y + 5 = 20 cÖkœ \ 8 \ 4x = 2y
(27)xy = 9y + 1
ev, 3x + 2y = 20 5
mgvavb : 4x = 2y .........................(i)
ev, 3x + 2y = 15
(27)xy = 9y +1 .................(ii)
3x + 2y 15 = 0 ........................(iv)
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB,
mgxKiY (iii) I (iv) †_‡K eRª¸Yb c×wZ
(22)x = 2y
Abymv‡i,
ev, 22x = 2y [ (am)n = amn]
= =
ev, = = 2x = y ........................(iii) [am = an n‡j m = n]
x = 3 Ges y = 3
mgxKiY (ii) †_‡K cvB,
(33)xy = (32)y+1
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (3, 3)
ev, 33xy = 32y+2
cÖkœ \ 6 \ (y 1)
ev, 3xy = 2y + 2
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 203
ev, 3x.2x = 2.2x + 2 [(iii) n‡Z] ev, y2x 8yx + 16 = 0
ev, 6x = 4x + 2
2
ev, (yx)2 2.yx.4 + (4)2 = 0
ev, 6x2 = 2(2x + 1) ev, (yx 4)2 = 0
ev, 3x2 = 2x + 1 ev, yx 4 = 0
ev, 3x2 2x 1 = 0 ev, yx = 4
ev, 3x2 3x + x 1 = 0 ev, yx = 22
ev, 3x (x 1) + 1 (x 1) = 0 ev, (yx) = (22)
ev, (x 1) (3x + 1) = 0 y = 2 ....................(iii)
nq x 1 = 0 A_ev, 3x + 1 = 0 y Gi gvb mgxKiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,
2x =
x=1 ev, 3x = 1
x= ev, 2x = 2
x Gi gvb (iii) bs mgxKi‡Y ewm‡q cvB, ev, x =
x = 1 n‡j, y = 2.1 ev, x2 = 4
y=2 x = 2
Ges x = n‡j, y = 2. x Gi gvb mgxKiY (ii) G ewm‡q cvB,
y= x = 2 n‡j, 22 = y2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (1, 2), ev, 4 = y2
cÖkœ \ 9 \ 8yx y2x = 16 ev, y = 2
2x = y2 Ges x = 2 n‡j, 22 = y2
mgvavb : 8yx y2x = 16 .........................(i) ev, y2 =
2x = y2 ................................... (ii)
ev, y2 =
mgxKiY (i) †_‡K cvB, y=
8yx y2x 16 = 0
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, )
ev, y2x + 8yx 16 = 0
K1 2 M3 N4
56 : `yB PjKwewkó m~PK
8. x = y , y = x
y 2 2y 4
mgxKiY †mU mgxKiY؇qi mgvavb wb‡Pi
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb †KvbwU? (KwVb)
K (2, 2), (4, 2) (2, 2), (, 2)
cÖ‡kœvËi M (4, 2), (2, 2) N (, 4), (4, 12)
1. 8.2 = 4 n‡j wb‡Pi †Kvb m¤úK©wU
xy y
9. p .p x y+1
= p ; p2y.p3x+5 = p2
7
mwVK? (ga¨g) mgxKiY؇qi mgvavb wb‡Pi
K 3 xy = 2y 2y xy = 3 †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
M 2y + xy = 3 N 3 + xy = 2y K (1, 1) L (2, 2) (3, 3) N (4, 4)
2. 9 .3 = n‡j, wb‡Pi †Kvb m¤úK©wU 10. px.qy = pq2, pm.qy = p2q2
x xy
mwVK? (ga¨g) mgxKiY؇qi mgvavb wb‡Pi
K 2x + xy = 3 L 2x xy = 3
†KvbwU? (ga¨g)
2x + xy = 3 N 2x + xy = 0
K (3, 1) L (1, 1) (1, 2) N (2, 1)
3. 8.2xy = 4y Ges x = 1 n‡j, y Gi gvb KZ?(KwVb) 11. 2 .3 = 18, 2 .3 = 36 x y m y
1 L0 M 1 N 2
DcwiD³ mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb wb‡Pi
4. 2x + 3y = 31, 2x 3y = 23 mgxKiY؇qi mgvavb
†KvbwU? (KwVb)
KZ?
(1, 2) L (2, 1) M (3, 2) N (4, 2)
(KwVb)
12. 2 = 2p mgxKiYwUi mgvavb mx 1 mx 2
(2, 3) L (3, 2) M (2, 3) N (3, 2)
5. 2x.3y = 18. 22x.3y = 36 mgxKiY؇qi mgvavb (x, wb‡Pi †KvbwU? (ga¨g)
K L Mm
y) = KZ?
13. 82xy = 4y n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(KwVb)
K (1, 2) L (1, 2) (1, 2) N (0, 1) (ga¨g)
6. (27)xy = 9y+1 Ges y = 2 n‡j, x Gi gvb KZ?(mnR) K xy + 4y = 8 L 8 + xy = 4y
M 2xy + 4y = 4 3 + xy = 2y
K 2 L0 1 N3
7. yx = 4 Ges y2 = 2x n‡j, x = ? (ga¨g)
14. 27x3xy = n‡j, 3x + xy = KZ? (ga¨g)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 204
K3 4 M4 N9 iii. 2y + 3x + 5 = 20
15. 2x + 3y = 31 Ges 2x 3y = 23 n‡j (x, y) = KZ? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(KwVb) (ga¨g)
(2, 3) L (3, 2) M (3, 4) N (2, 3)
Ki I ii Li I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
16. 3x = 9y, 5x + y + 1
= 25xy n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU
mwVK? (ga¨g) Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK
x = 2y L 2x = y M x = 2y N x = 3y enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
17. 3 . 9 = 81, 2x y = 8 n‡j, wb‡Pi †KvbwU
x y
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 23 - 25 bs cÖ‡kœi
mwVK? (ga¨g)
DËi `vI :
K 2x + 3y = 27 x + 2y 4 = 0
18y y2x = 81 Ges 3x = y2
x
M x + 2y + 4 = 0 N 2x + y 4 = 0
23. cÖ_g mgxKiY †_‡K yx Gi gvb †KvbwU?
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK (mnR)
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K2 L3 M6 9
18. yy = xy mgxKi‡YÑ 24. x Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
i. y = 1 n‡j x = 1 ii. y = 2 n‡j x = 2 (ga¨g)
K 1 2 M 4 N 16
iii. y = 2 n‡j x = 2
25. x > 0, y > 0 n‡j, (x, y) = KZ? (KwVb)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
(2, 3) L (, 2) M (9, 2) N (6, 2)
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 26 I 27 bs cÖ‡kœi
19. y = x m~PKxq mgxKi‡YÑ
2y 4
DËi `vI :
i. x = 0 n‡j y = 0 ii. x = 2 n‡j y = 2
†Kv‡bv mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb (x, y) = (1, 2) n‡j
iii. y = 2 n‡j x = 2
Gi GKwU mgxKiY (27)xy = 9y + 1
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g)
26. Aci mgxKiY †KvbwU?
K i I ii L i I iii ii I iii N i, ii I iii
(ga¨g)
20. x = y Ges y = x (x 1) n‡jÑ
y 2 2y 4
K x4 = y2 4x = 2y M y2 = 2x N yx = x2
i. xy = y2y
2
27. D³ mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui Aci mgvavb wb‡Pi
ii. y = 2 †KvbwU? (KwVb)
iii. x Gi 4wU gvb ev g~j cvIqv hv‡e K M N
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 28 30 bs cÖ‡kœi
(ga¨g) DËi `vI :
Ki I ii Li I iii M ii I iii i, ii I iii yx = x2, x2x = y4} y 1
21. 3x.9y = 81, 2x y = 8 n‡jÑ 28. mgxKiYØq n‡Z †jLv hvq?
i. x + 2y = 4 ii. y = 2x 8 (ga¨g)
K x2 = 2 Lx=4 M x2 = 3 x2 = 4
iii. (x, y) = (4, 0)
29. x Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(ga¨g)
(KwVb)
Kx=4 Lx=4 Mx=2 x=2
Ki I ii I iii
Li M ii I iii i, ii I iii
30. y Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?
22. a . a = a mgxKiY‡K †jLv hvq-
2y 3x + 5 20
(KwVb)
i. 2x + 3y + 20 = 0 ii. 3x + 2y 15 = 0 Ky=2 Ly=2 y= Ny=
31. 9x 3xy = n‡j, 2x + xy = KZ? 34. y2 12y = KZ?
K9 3 M3 N6 32 L 32 M 16 N8
32. 3 9 = 81 n‡j, x + 2y Gi gvb KZ?
x y
35. y Gi gvb KZ?
K3 L2 M4 4 4, 8 L 4, 8 M 4, 8 N 4, 8
33. x = y Ges x = 2 n‡j, y = KZ?
2x 4
36. x Gi gvb KZ?
K1 2 M3 N4 K 2, 3 L 2, 3 M 2, 3 2, 3
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 34 - 36 bs cÖ‡kœi wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 37 I 38 bs cÖ‡kœi
DËi `vI : DËi `vI :
4 3.2x + 2 + 25 = 0 GKwU m~PKxq mgxKiY Ges
x 41 + x + 41 x = 10
2x = y 37. 4x = a n‡j, cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU `uvovq-
4a2 10a + 4 = 0 L 4a2 + 4 = 5a
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 205
M 2a + = 10 N 2a + = 5 2, L 2, M 2, N ,2
38. 4a2 + 4 = 10a mgxKiYwU a Gi gvb KZ?
AwZwi³ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ-1 î (i) 4p = 2q, (27)pq = 9q+1 3p = q2
(ii) 18qp q2p = 81, 3p = q
2 ev, (3p)p = (q2)p
K. i Gi 2q mgxKiYwUi q †K p Gi ev, 3p2 = q2p
gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| 2 ev, 3p2 =
L. i bs mgxKiYØq n‡Z p, q Gi gvb ev, 3p2 =
wbY©q Ki| 4 ev, 3p2 = 34
M. ii bs mgxKiY‡K mgvavb Ki| 4 ev, p2 = 4
p=2
îí 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí p = 2 n‡j, q2 = 32 = 9
K. 2q mgxKiYwU n‡jv, (27)pq = 9q + 1 q=3
ev, 33pq = 32(q + 1) p = 2 n‡j, q2 = 32 = =
ev, 3pq = 2(q + 1) q=
ev, 3pq = 2q + 2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (p, q) = (2, 3) (2, 3) ( 2, ), ( 2, )
ev, 3pq 2q = 2 cÖkœ-2 î GKwU m~PKxq mgxKiY|
ev, q (3p 2) = 2 K. m~PKgy³ mgxKiY †RvU MVb Ki|2
q= L. mij mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K wØNvZ
L. K †_‡K cvB, q = mgxKiY MVb Ki Ges D³
DÏxcK Abyhvqx (i) bs mgxKiY, 4p = 2q mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq wbY©q Ki| 4
ev, 22p = 2q M. m~PKxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui
ev, 2p = q mgvav‡bi ï×Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
ev, q = 2p îí 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
ev, = 2p [(i) bs n‡Z]
K. 4x = 2y
ev, 6p2 4p = 2
ev, (22)x = 2y
ev, 2(3p2 2p) = 2
ev, 22x = 2y [ (am)n = amn]
ev, 3p2 2p 1 = 0
ev, 2x = y [ (am = an n‡j m = n]
ev, 3p2 3p + p 1 = 0 2x y = 0
ev, 3p(p 1) + 1(p 1) = 0 Avevi, (27)xy = 9y + 1
ev, (p 1) (3p + 1) = 0 ev, (33)xy = (32)y + 1
p = 1 A_ev p = ev, 33xy = 32y + 2
(i) bs G gvb ewm‡q ev, 3xy = 2y + 2 [ (am)n = amn]
p = 1 n‡j, q = 2. 1 = 2 m~PKgy³ mgxKiY †RvU 2x y = 0
p = n‡j, q = 2( ) = 3xy = 2y + 2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (p, q) = (1, 2), L. Abykxjbxi cÖkœ 8 Gi mgvavb †`L|
M. DÏxcK Abymv‡i, (ii) bs mgxKiY M. m~PKxq mgxKi‡Yi †Rv‡Ui †ÿ‡Î,
18qp q2p = 81 x + 1, n‡j 2.x = 2.1 = 2
3p = q2
x = n‡j y = 2. =
GLb,
(x, y) = (1, 2) Gi Rb¨ 41 = 22 = 4
18qp q2p = 81
(27)1.2 = (27)2 = 36
ev, 18qp q2p 81 = 0
Avevi, 9 = 9 = 9 = 36
y+1 2+1 3
ev, (qp)2 2.qp.9 + (9)2 = 0
Avevi, (x, y) = Gi Rb¨ 4 = 2
ev, (qp 9)2 = 0
Avevi, = = =
ev, (qp 9)2 = 0
Ges 9y + 1 = = =
qp = 32
mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui ï×Zv hvPvB Kiv n‡jv|
Avevi,
cÖkœ-3 î (1) 3x = 9y
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 206
(2) 5x+y+1 = 25xy mgvav‡bi mgvb| 4
(3) yx = 4, y2 = 2x
îí 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
K. (1) n‡Z x †K y Gi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 2
L. (1) I (2) n‡Z (x, y) Gi gvb wbY©q Ki|4 K. †`Iqv Av‡Q,
M. (3) Gi mgxKiY؇qi mgvavb Ki| 4 cÖ_g mgxKiY †RvU,
yx = x2 .....................(i)
îí 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí x2x = y4 .....................(ii)
K. 3x = 9y (ii) bs n‡Z cvB,
ev, 3x = 32y x2x = y4
ev, x = 2y ev, (x2)x = y4
L. KÕ n‡Z cÖvß x = 2y ........................(i) ev, (yx)x = y4 [(i) Gi gvb ewm‡q]
Avevi (2) bs n‡Z ev, yx2 = y4
5x+y+1 = 25xy ev, x2 = 4
ev, 5x+y+1 = 52xy x = 2 (Ans.)
ev, x + y + 1 = 2xy L. ÔKÕ n‡Z x Gi gvb (i) G ewm‡q cvB,
ev, 2y + y + 1 = 2.2y.y hLb, x = 2
ev, 4y2 3y 1 = 0 ZLb, y2 = 22
ev, 4y2 4y + y 1 = 0 ev, y2 = 4
ev, 4y(y 1) + 1(y 1) = 0 y = 2
ev, (y 1) (4y + 1) = 0 Avevi, hLb, x = 2
nq, y 1 = 0 A_ev, 4y + 1 = 0 ZLb, y2 = (–2)2
y=1 y= ev, = 4
y = 1 n‡j, x = 2 1 = 2 ev, y2 =
y = n‡j x = 2 = y=
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 1) wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, 2), (2, ), (2, )
M. †`Iqv Av‡Q, M. †`Iqv Av‡Q,
yx = 4 ........................(i) yx = 4 .........................(iii)
y2 = 2x .......................(iv)
Ges y2 = 2x ................(ii)
(iv) †_‡K cvB,
(i) †_‡K cvB,
y2 = 2x
yx = 4
ev, (y2)x = (2x)x
ev, (yx)2 = 42 [eM© K‡i]
ev, y2x = 2x 2
ev, y2x = (22)2
ev, (yx)2 = 2x 2
ev, (y2)x = 24
ev, (4)2 = 2x 2
[(iii) Gi gvb ewm‡q]
ev, (2x)x = 24 [(iii) Gi gvb ewm‡q]
ev, (22)2 = 2x 2
ev, 2x = 2
2 4
ev, 2x2 = 24
ev, x2 = 4
ev, x2 = 4
ev, x = 2
x = 2
x Gi gvb (ii) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
G x Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
(iii)
x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 22 = 4
hLb, x = 2 ZLb, y2 = 4
y=2
ev, y = 2
x = 2 n‡j, y2 = 22 =
y=
Avevi hLb, x = 2 ZLb y2 = 4
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, ) ev, = 4
cÖkœ-4 î Ges y 1 `yBwU `yB PjKwewkó m~PKxq mgxKiY| ev, y2 =
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K x Gi y=
gvb †ei Ki| 2 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2 2), (2, ), (2, )
L. cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb myZivs wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb
wbY©q Ki| 4 cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvav‡bi mgvb|
M. †`LvI †h, wØZxq mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
mgvavb cÖ_g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui cÖkœ-5 î 8yx y2x = 16
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 207
2x = y2 GKwU `yB PjKwewkó mgxKiY †RvU| ev, (2x)x = (y2)x
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY †_‡K cÖgvY Ki †h, ev, 2x = y2x
2
yx = 4 2 ev, 2x = (yx)2
2
L. mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K x Gi gvb ev, 2x = 422
[ÔKÕ Gi mgvavb ewm‡q]
wbY©q Ki| 4 ev, 2 = 2
x 24
M. mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb Ki| 4 ev, x2 = 4
îí 5 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí ev, x = 2 (Ans.)
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, M. ÔLÕ †_‡K cÖvß gvb (ii) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
8yx y2x = 16 ..............(i) hLb,x = 2
2x = y2 .........................(ii) ZLb, 22 = y2
(i) bs †_‡K cvB, ev, y2 = 4
y2x 8yx + 16 = 0
ev, y = 2
ev, (yx)2 2.yx.4 + (4)2 = 0 hLb,x = 2
ev, (yx 4)2 = 0 ZLb, 22 = y2
yx = 4 (cÖgvwYZ)
ev, y2 =
L. ÔKÕ Gi (ii) †_‡K cvB, y=
2x = y2
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, 2), (2, ), (2,
cÖkœ-6 î (1) 3x9y = 81 (2) a3x+y a2y = a20 (3) 8yx y2x = 16; 2x x=
= y2. (x, y) = (Ans.)
K. (2) n‡Z x I y Gi m¤úK© wbY©q M. 3 bs †_‡K cvB,
Ki| 2 8y2 yx = 16 ....................(i)
L. (1) I (2) n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4 2x = y2 .............................(ii)
GLb, (i) bs mgxKiY †_‡K cvB,
M. (3) Gi mgxKiYØq mgvavb Ki| 4
y2x 8yx + 16 = 0
îí 6 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí ev, (yx)2 2yx4 + 42 = 0
K. 2 bs †_‡K cvB, ev, (yx 4)2 = 0
a3x + y a2y = a20 yx = 4 .........................(iii)
ev, a 3x + y + 2y
=a 20
Avevi, (ii) bs mgxKiY †_‡K cvB,
ev, 3x + 3y = 20 2x = y2
ev, 3x = 20 3y ev, (2x)x = (y2)x [Dfq c‡ÿi NvZ x-G DbœxZ K‡i]
x = (20 3y) GUvB wb‡Y©q m¤úK©| ev, 2x2 = y2x [ (am)n = amn]
L. 1 bs †_‡K cvB, ev, 2x2 = (yx)2 [ amn = (am)n]
3x 9y = 81 ev, 2x2 = 42 [(iii) bs †_‡K yx Gi gvb
ev, 3x 32y = 81 ewm‡q]
ev, 3x + 2y = 34 ev, 2x2 = 16
ev, x + 2y = 4 ev, 2x2 = 24
x = 4 2y ................(i) ev, x2 = 4 [ am = an n‡j m = n]
ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, x = (20 3y) ............(ii) x=2
(i) I (ii) †_‡K cvB, GLb, (ii) bs mgxKi‡Y x Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
4 2y = (20 3y) hLb x = 2 ZLb 22 = y2
ev, 12 6y = 20 3y ev, y2 = 4
ev, 6y + 3y = 20 12 y=2
ev, 3y = 8 hLb x = 2 ZLb 22 = y2
y= ev, y2 =
(i) bs G y Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB, y=
x=42 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (x, y) = (2, 2), (2, 2),
ev, x =
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 208
cÖkœ-7 Ges `yBwU `yB PjKwewkó cÖkœ-8 wb‡Pi mgxKiY¸‡jv jÿ Ki :
m~PKxq mgxKiY †RvU| 3x = 9y (i)
5 x + y + 1 = 25xy . (ii)
K. 1g mgxKiY †RvU †_‡K `yB PjKwewkó
yx = 4, y2 = zx (iii)
mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2
K. (i) n‡Z x †K y Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| 2
L. 1g mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Ki|4
L. (i) I (ii) bs n‡Z (x, y) wbY©q Ki| 4
M. 2q mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui mgvavb wbY©q Ki|4
M. (iii) bs mgxKiYØq‡K mgvavb Ki| 4
DËi : K. x + y 6 = 0 Ges 3x + 2y 15 = 0
DËi : K. x = 2y; L. (x, y) = ; M. (x, y) = (2, 2),
L. (x, y) = (3, 3); M. (x, y) = (3, 2)
cvV m¤úwK©Z MyiæZ¡c~Y© welqvw`
†jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wØNvZ mgxKiY ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mgvavb
g‡b Kwi, y = ax2 + bx + c, Zvn‡j, x Gi †h mKj gv‡bi Rb¨ y = 0 n‡e A_©vr †jLwPÎwU x-A¶‡K †Q`
Ki‡e, x-Gi H mKj gvbB ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb|
Abykxjbxi cÖkœ I mgvavb
1. x2 x 12 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi 2. 16x = 4x + 1
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb
mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i b Gi gvb †KvbwU? †KvbwU?
K 0 L 1 K 2 1 M 4 N 3
1 N 3
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 209
3. x2 x 13 = 0 n‡j mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j †`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (1, 0) I (3, 0)
†KvbwU? we›`y w`‡q hvq|
K L
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 1 ev x = 3
M
4. yx = 9, y2 = 3x mgxKiY †Rv‡Ui GKwU cÖkœ \ 10 \ x2 + 2x 3 = 0
mgvavb mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + 2x 3
K ( 3, 3) L mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU
N ( 2, 3)
gvb wb‡q Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi :
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 5 I 6bs cÖ‡kœi DËi x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3
`vI : y 0 3 4 3 0 5 12
`yBwU abvZ¥K c~Y© msL¨vi e‡M©i AšÍi 11 e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß
Ges ¸Ydj 30| we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb Kwi|
5. msL¨v `yBwU Kx Kx? Y
K 1 Ges 30 L 2 Ges 15
5 Ges 6 N 5 Ges 6 (3,12)
6. msL¨v `yBwUi e‡M©i mgwó KZ?
K 1 L 5 61 N (2,5)
[ we.`ª. cvV¨eB‡q 41 Gi cwie‡Z© 61 n‡e] (-3,0) (1,0)
X
7. GKwU msL¨v I H msL¨vi ¸YvZ¥K (-2,-3) (0,3)
wecixZ msL¨vi mgwó 6| m¤¢ve¨
mgxKiYwU MVb Ki‡j nqÑ
i. x + = 6 ii. x2 + 1 = 6x
iii. x2 6x 1 = 0
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (1, 0), (3, 0)
8. 2 = 2q
px 1 px 2
Gi mgvavb †KvbwU? we›`y w`‡q hvq|
K L p M myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 1 ev x = 3
†jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wb‡Pi mgxKiY¸‡jvi cÖkœ \ 11 \ x2 + 7x = 0
mgvavb Ki : mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + 7x
cÖkœ \ 9 \ x2 4x + 3 = 0 mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 4x + 3 gvb wb‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi :
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU x 7 6 5 4 3 2 0
gvb wb‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi : y 0 6 10 12 12 10 0
x 1 0 1 2 3
y 8 3 0 1 0 e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß
e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg 2 evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi
we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb Kwi| †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (0, 0) I ( 7, 0)
we›`y w`‡q hvq|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 210
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 0, 7 cÖkœ \ 14 \ x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
cÖkœ \ 12 \ 2x2 7x + 3 = 0 mgvavb : g‡b Kwi,
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = 2x2 7x + 3 y = x2 + 8x + 16
mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU gvb mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU
wb‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi : gvb wb‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi :
x 0 1 2 3 4 x 5 4 3 2 1 0
y 3 2 3 0 7 y 1 0 1 4 9 16
e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg `yB evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß mviwY‡Z ¯’vwcZ we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb
we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi K‡i †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
†jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
†`Lv hvq †jLwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K ( 4, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q`
†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (0.5, 0) I (3, 0) K‡i‡Q| †h‡nZz wØNvZ mgxKi‡Y `ywU g~j
_v‡K|
we›`y w`‡q hvq|
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb : x = 4, x = 4
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 0.5, 3
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 4, x = 4
cÖkœ \ 13 \ 2x2 5x + 2 = 0
cÖkœ \ 15 \ x2 + x 3 = 0
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = 2x2 5x + 2
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + x 3
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU
gvb wb‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q
gvb wb‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi :
Kwi :
x 1 2 0 3 1
x 0 0.5 1 2
y 3 3 3 3 1
y 2 0 1 0
e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg `yB evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß
e‡M©i ¶z`ªZg `yB evû‡K GKK a‡i cÖvß
we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi
we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi
†jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
†jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
†`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci , (2, 0) we›`y †`Lv hvq, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (2.3 , 0) Ges (1.3 ,
w`‡q hvq| 0) we›`y w`‡q hvq|
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 0.5 , 2
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 211
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 2.3 (cÖvq) ev, L. 2x2 5x + 3 = 0 mgxKiYwU‡K ax2 + bx + c = 0
x = 1.3 (cÖvq) mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvIqv hvq|
a = 2, b = 5, c = 3
cÖkœ \ 16 \ x2 = 8
x=
mgvavb : g‡b Kwi, y = x2 8 =
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi K‡qKwU =
gvb w`‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb wbY©q Kwi nq, x = A_ev, x =
= =
:
x= x=1
x 2 1 0 1 2
A_©vr x1 = Ges x2 = 1
y 4 7 8 7 4
M. g‡b Kwi, y = 3x2 5x – 3
mviwY‡Z ¯’vwcZ we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R x Aÿ
x-Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y-Gi gvb wbY©q
eivei ÿz`ªZg 1 eM©‡K 1 GKK Ges y Aÿ eivei
K‡i GB mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi
ÿz`ªZg 1 eM©‡K 1 GKK a‡i ¯’vcb K‡i †jLwPÎ
A¼b Kwi| ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi|
x 3 2 1 0.47 0 1 2 2.135 3 4 5
y 39 19 5 0 3 5 1 7 9 2.5 47
Dc‡ii mgxKiYwU‡Z cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb
K‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
X-A‡ÿ cÖwZ 2 eM©‡K = 1 GKK a‡i Y-A‡ÿ
cÖwZ eM©‡K = 2 GKK a‡i
†`Lv hvq †jLwPÎwU x-Aÿ‡K †gvUvgywU (2.83,
0) I (2.83, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q|
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 2.83 ev x = 2.83
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 2.83 (cÖvq) ev, x = 2.83
(cÖvq)
cÖkœ \ 17 \ GKwU msL¨vi e‡M©i wظY
†jLwPÎ †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU
msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y †_‡K 3 Kg| wKš‘ H
GKwU cive„Ë| cive„ËwU ( 0. 47, 0) Ges (2.13,
msL¨vwUi e‡M©i 3 ¸Y msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y
0) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i|
†_‡K 3 †ewk|
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 0.47, 2.13 (cÖvq)
K. DÏxc‡Ki Z_¨¸‡jvi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiY MVb cÖkœ \ 18 \ Rbve AvkdvK Avjxi
Ki| 2 AvqZvKvi GK LÊ Rwgi †ÿÎdj 0.12 †n±i|
L. m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i 1g mgxKiYwU RwgwUi Aa©cwimxgv Gi GKwU KY©
mgvavb Ki| 4 A‡cÿv 20 wgUvi †ewk| wZwb Zvi Rwg
M. 2q mgxKiYwU †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ †_‡K k¨vgeveyi wbKU GK AvqZvKvi Z…
mgvavb Ki| 4 Zxqvsk wewµ K‡ib| k¨vgeveyi Rwgi
mgvavb : ˆ`N©¨, cÖ¯’ A‡cÿv 5 wgUvi †ewk| [1
K. g‡b Kwi, msL¨vwU = x †n±i = 10,000 eM©wgUvi]
kZ©g‡Z, 2x2 = 5x 3 K. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K `yBwU mgxKiY MVb Ki|
ev, 2x2 5x + 3 = 0 ....................(i) 2
Avevi, 3x2 = 5x + 3 L. AvkdvK Avjxi Rwgi ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’
ev, 3x2 5x 3 = 0 ....................(ii) wbY©q Ki| 4
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 212
M. k¨vgeveyi RwgwUi K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ I (i)bs G x Gi gvb ewm‡q cvB,
cwimxgv wbY©q Ki| 4 x = 40 n‡j, y = 30
mgvavb : x = 30 n‡j, y = 40
K. g‡b Kwi, AvkdvK Avjxi Rwgi ˆ`N©¨ = x wKš‘ ˆ`N©¨ > cÖ¯’
wgUvi x = 40 Ges y = 30
,, ,, ,, cÖ¯’ = y wgUvi AvkdvK Avjxi Rwgi ˆ`N©¨ 40 wg. Ges
†ÿÎdj = xy eM©wgUvi cÖ¯’ 30 wg. (Ans.)
cÖkœg‡Z, xy = 0.12 10,000 M. awi, k¨vgeveyi Rwgi cÖ¯’ = x wg.
= 1200 eM©wgUvi ,, ,, ˆ`N©¨ = (x + 5) wg.
Rwgi †ÿÎdj = x(x + 5) eM© wg.
cÖkœg‡Z, x(x + 5) = 1200
ev, x2 + 5x = 400
xy = 1200 .....................................(i) ev, x2 + 5x 400 = 0
20 + = (x + y) ..................(ii) x=
L. (ii) n‡Z cvB, =
+ 20 = x + y =
ev, (2 = {(x + y) 20}2 = [abvZ¥K gvb wb‡q]
=
ev, x2 + y2 = (x + y)2 40(x + y) + 400
= 17.655
ev, x2 + y2 = x2 + y2 + 2xy 40x 40y + 400
Rwgi cÖ¯’ = 17.655 wg.
ev, 2xy 40(x + y) + 400 = 0
,, ˆ`N©¨ = (17.655 + 5) wg. = 22.655 wg.
ev, 40(x + y) = 2800
Rwgi KY© =
ev, x + y = 70 =
y = 70 x =
(i) bs mgxKi‡Y gvb ewm‡q cvB, = 28.7170
x(70 x) = 1200 K‡Y©i cwigvY = 28.7170 wg.
ev, 70x x2 1200 = 0 cwimxgv = 2(x + y)
ev, x2 70x + 1200 = 0 Rwgi = 2(22.5656 + 17.6556) wg.
ev, x2 40x 30x + 1200 = 0 = 80.6224 wg.
ev, (x 40) (x 30) = 0 K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ 28.72 wgUvi (cÖvq) Ges
x = 40, 30
cwimxgv 80.63 wgUvi (cÖvq) (Ans.)
AwZwi³ enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
57 : †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ wØNvZ
mgxKiY
ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mgvavb
mvaviY enywbe©vPwb
Dc‡ii †jLwPÎwU †Kvb mgxKiY wb‡`©k
cÖ‡kœvËi K‡i? (mnR)
1. Kx=0 y=x M 2x = y N y = 2x
2.
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 213
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(ga¨g)
I ii
Ki i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
10. wb‡Pi Z_¨¸‡jv jÿ Ki :
(KwVb)
Dc‡ii †jLwPÎwUi mwVK mgxKiY
i. †h gvb¸‡jvi Rb¨ mgxKi‡Yi Dfqcÿ mgvb
†KvbwU? (ga¨g)
nq Zv n‡jv IB mgxKi‡Yi g~j
K ax + by + c = 0 L x2 + y2 3 = 0
x+y3=0 N a + by 3 = 0
ii. y = (x 1)2 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ
3. ax + by + c = 0 Gi †jLwPÎ Kx ai‡bi n‡e?
(mnR) y
mij‡iLv L e„Ë iii. †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi abvZ¥K As‡k
x
Mcive„Ë N Dce„Ë
4. Nb‡Ki gvÎv KqwU? we¯Í…Z
(mnR)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 2wU 3wU
(ga¨g)
M 4wU N 1wU
i I ii Li I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
5. y = 2x2 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ wb‡Pi
†KvbwU? (mnR) Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK
K enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 15 I 16 bs cÖ‡kœi
M N
DËi `vI :
y = x2 2x
11. y = 0 n‡j, x Gi gvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU?(ga¨g)
6. †jLwP‡Îi Aÿ KqwU? 2, 0 L 1, 2 M 3, 4 N 5, 2
(mnR) 12. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ †Kvb cÖK…wZi
K 0wU L 1wU 2wU N 3wU n‡e? (mnR)
7. †jLwP‡Îi `yB A‡ÿi Dc‡ii Wvb As‡k Dce„Ë L cive„Ë M e„Ë N eM©
wKiƒc gvb e‡m? wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 17 I 18 bs cÖ‡kœi
(ga¨g) DËi `vI :
`yBwU abvZ¥K gvb GKwU msL¨v Ges Zvi ¸YvZ¥K wecixZ msL¨vi
L 1wU abvZ¥K 1wU FYvZ¥K gvb mgwó 2|
M `yBwU FYvZ¥K gvb 13. wØNvZ mgxKiY wb‡Pi †KvbwU?(mnR)
N x Gi abvZ¥K I x Gi FYvZ¥K gvb K x2 + 2x + 1 = 20 L x2 + 2x 1 = 0
8. y = ax + bx + c mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ x Aÿ
2 x 2x + 1 = 0
2
N x2 2x 1 = 0
¯úk© Ki‡j Gi g~j¸‡jv wKiƒc? 14. mgxKiYwUi g~j KqwU?
(ga¨g) (mnR)
K1 2 M3 N4
K Aev¯Íe L wecixZ wPýwewkó
M1 mgvb
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 19 21 bs cÖ‡kœi
DËi `vI :
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK y = 2x2
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 15. x = 0 n‡j, y Gi gvb KZ?
(mnR)
9. x2 5x + 4 = 0 wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq 1Ges
Ky=2 Ly=4 My=1 y=0
4 n‡jÑ
16. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ †Kvb cÖK…wZi?
i. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ x-Aÿ‡K (1, 0) Ges (4, 0)
(mnR)
we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i
K e„ËvKvi Dce„ËvKviM mij‡iLv
ii. mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki gvb 3
N eµ‡iLv
iii. mgxKiYwUi wbðvq‡Ki gvb 9
17. mgxKiYwUi g~j KqwU?
(mnR)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 214
K 1wU 2wU M 3wU N 4wU
18. y = ax2 + bx + c mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ x-Aÿ‡K L
¯úk© Ki‡j Gi g~j¸‡jv wKiƒc?
M N
K Aev¯Íe mgvb
M wecixZ wPýwewkó N0
19. ax + bx + c = 0 wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ x-
2 24. GKwU abvZ¥K ALÊ msL¨vi 5 ¸Y Zvi
Aÿ‡K me©vwaK KZ evi †Q` Ki‡Z e‡M©i wظY A‡cÿv 3 Kg n‡j
cv‡i? msL¨vwU KZ?
K 1 3 M2 N 5
K 1 2 M 3 N AmsL¨
25. x 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ x Aÿ‡K
2
20. y = ax + bx + c mgxKiYwU x-Aÿ‡K †Q` ev
2
KZevi †Q` K‡i?
¯úk© bv Ki‡j Gi g~j Kxiƒc?
K 0 L1 2 N AmsL¨
K Ag~j` L ev¯Íe Aev¯Íe N †bB
26. y = x + 4x + 1 dvsk‡bi †jLwPÎ Kxiƒc?
2
21. y + 25x = 0 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ †KvbwU?
2
K e„Ë L Dce„Ë cive„Ë N Awae„Ë
e„Ë L Dce„Ë M cive„Ë N Awae„Ë
27. y = x x 12 mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎÑ
2
22. y = (x 2) mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ y- Aÿ‡K
2
i. `yBwU we›`y‡Z x Aÿ‡K †Q` K‡i
†Kvb we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i?
K (4, 0) (0, 4) M (0, 4) N (4, 4) ii. y Aÿ‡K (0, 12) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i
23. y = 2x2 mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ wb‡Pi iii. x = 12 mgxKiYwUi GKwU mgvavb
†KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
enyc`x mgvwßm~PK iii. y2 x2 = x y
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
enywbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
(KwVb)
28. cv‡ki †jLwPÎwU
i I ii I iii
Li M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. x Aÿ‡K (3, 0) we›`y‡Z ¯úk© K‡i
31. 41+x
=4 1x
= n‡j
ii. y A‡ÿi abvZ¥K As‡k we¯Í„Z
i. 4.4x + 4.4x = 10 ii. 4(4x + 4x) = 10
iii. †h mgxKi‡Yi Zvi mgvavb x = 3, 3 iii. 2 = 10
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(KwVb)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i I ii Li I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
(ga¨g)
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK enywbe©vPwb
i I ii L ii I iii
cÖ‡kœvËi
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
e¨vL¨v : †jL †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, (i) I (ii) bs mZ¨| wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 36 Ñ 38 bs cÖ‡kœi
Avevi, mgxKi‡Yi †jL x-Aÿ‡K ¯úk© Ki‡j Gi mgvavb DËi `vI :
ev¯Íe I mgvb n‡e Ges x-A‡ÿi mv‡_ ¯úk© we›`yi 2
x 6x + 9 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY|
fzR n‡jv mgvavb|
(iii) bs mwVK|
32. mgxKiYwUi g~j KqwU?
29. GKwU AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi ˆ`N©¨ cÖ‡¯’i 3 ¸Y| (mnR)
K 1 2 M 3 N 4
AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj 363 eM©wgUvi n‡j
e¨vL¨v : mgxKi‡Yi NvZ hZ g~j msL¨v ZZ 1
i. ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ¯’ h_vµ‡g 33 wgUvi I 11
wØNvZ mgxKiY e‡j Gi g~j `ywU n‡e|
wgUvi 33. mgxKiYwUi †jL x Aÿ‡K †Kvb we›`y‡Z
ii. KY© wgUvi
†Q` Ki‡e? (ga¨g)
iii. cwimxgv 88 wgUvi (3, 0) L (3, 0) M (0, 3) N (3, 3)
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? e¨vL¨v : x 6x + 9 = 0 2
(ga¨g) ev, x 3x 3x + 9 = 0 ev, (x 3)(x 3) = 0 x = 3, 3
2
†h‡nZz mgxKi‡Yi g~j 3 ZvB x Aÿ‡K (3, 0)
K i I ii L ii I iii
I iii
Mi i, ii I iii
we›`y‡Z †Q` Ki‡e|
30. x = 3x + 2y I y = 3y + 2x n‡j
2 2
i. x2 y2 = x y ii. x + y = 1
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 215
34. mgxKiYwUi Rb¨ Aw¼Z †jLwPÎ 42. x = 2 Gi Rb¨ mgxKiY‡Rv‡U y Gi gvb KZ?
†KvbwU? (KwVb) (ga¨g)
L K3 L 3 ±3 N ±
43. x = 2 n‡j (x, y) = KZ? (ga¨g)
K L M ( 2, 3)
M N wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 48 Ñ 50 bs cÖ‡kœi
DËi `vI :
x + xy + y2 = 3 I x2 xy + y2 = 7
2
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 39 Ñ 41 bs cÖ‡kœi 44. x2 + y2 = KZ? (ga¨g)
DËi `vI : K 10 L 7 5 N 5
x2 + y2 = 61 Ges xy = 30 GKwU mgxKiY †RvU e¨vL¨v : x + xy + y = 3 ......................(1) 2 2
x xy + y = 7 ......................(2)
2 2
35. (x y) Gi gvb KZ?
2
(ga¨g) (1) + (2) 2(x + y ) = 10 2 2
121 L 11 M ± N ± 11 x2 + y2 = 5
e¨vL¨v : (x y)2 = x2 + y2 2xy = 61 + 30 (2) 45. xy = KZ? (ga¨g)
(x y)2 = 121 K ±2 2 M2 N 4
36. (x + y)2 Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g) e¨vL¨v : (1) (2) 2xy = 4 xy = 2
K ±1 1 M 1 N 46. x + y = KZ? (ga¨g)
e¨vL¨v : (x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 = 61 + 2.( 30) = 1 K 0 ±1 M±2 N ±3
37. x = 6 n‡j y Gi gvb KZ? wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 51 Ñ 53 bs cÖ‡kœi
(ga¨g) DËi `vI :
K 5 L 6 5 N 6
GKwU mgxKiY †RvU|
e¨vL¨v : †h‡nZz xy = 30 AZGe, x = 6 n‡j y Gi gvb Aek¨B
FYvZ¥K n‡e|
47. (ii) mgxKiY‡K wb‡gœv³ †Kvb Dcv‡q
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 42 Ñ 44 bs cÖ‡kœi cÖKvk Kiv hvq? (mnR)
K (yx)2 = 2x L y2 = 22
DËi `vI :
(yx)2 = 2x2 N (yx)2 = 2x
GKwU AvqZvKvi evMv‡bi cwimxgv 56 wg. e¨vL¨v : y = 2 2 x
Ges KY© 20 wgUvi ˆ`N©¨ x wgUvi Ges cÖ¯’ y (y ) = (2 ) 2 x x x
(y ) = 2 x 2 x2
wgUvi|
48. x Gi gvb KZ? (ga¨g)
38. cwimxgvi kZ©hy³ mgxKiY †KvbwU? K 2 L 2 ±2 N
(ga¨g)
49. y Gi gvb KZ? (KwVb)
2(x + y) = 56 L x + y = 56
K L M ( 2, ± 2)
M (x + y) = 126 N x2 + y2 = 56
e¨vL¨v : x = 2 n‡j cvB,
e¨vL¨v : cwimxgv = 2 (ˆ`N©¨ + cÖ¯’) = 2(x + y) y2 = 4
39. K‡Y©i †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mZ¨? y = ±2
Avevi x=2 n‡j cvB,
(KwVb)
y2 = 22
x2 + y2 = 400 L x2 + y2 = 56 y2 =
M N 2(x + y) y=±
e¨vL¨v : K‡Y©i ˆ`N©¨ = ev, x2 + y2 = 400 wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 54 Ñ 56 bs cÖ‡kœi
40. AvqZ‡ÿ‡Îi †ÿÎdj KZ eM©wgUvi?(KwVb) DËi `vI :
392 L 400 M 360 N 192 GKwU exRMwYZxq fMœvsk|
e¨vL¨v : 2(x + y) = 56 50. fMœvskwU‡K Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j
wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 45 Ñ 47 bs cÖ‡kœi †KvbwU cvIqv hvq? (ga¨g)
DËi `vI : K L N
GKwU mgxKiY †RvU| 51. Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j fMœvskwU
41. (i) mgxKiY n‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU cvIqv wKiƒc n‡e? (ga¨g)
hvq? (ga¨g) K M N
x
y =9 x
L y =9 x
My =3 2
N y =3 x
52. Gi m~P‡K cÖKvk Ki‡j †KvbwU cvIqv
e¨vL¨v : 18y y 81 = 0
x 2x
hv‡e? (KwVb)
{(y ) 2.y .9 92} = 0
x 2 x
L M N
(yx 9)2 = 0
yx = 9 wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 57 Ñ 59 bs cÖ‡kœi
DËi `vI :
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 216
23x5.ax2 = 2x 3
; 2a1x; (a 0 Ges a ) GKwU m~PK K=1 L
(2a)2x3 = 1 N (2a)2x+3 = 1
mgxKiY|
e¨vL¨v : a2x3 = 22x+3
53. cÖ`Ë m~PK mgxKi‡Yi Av‡jv‡K wb‡Pi
ev, = 1
†KvbwU mwVK? (ga¨g) ev, a2x3 2(2x+3) = 1
a2x 3 = 2– 2x + 3 L 22x + 3 = a2x 3 ev, a2x3 22x3 = 1
M 22x + 3 = a 2x 3 N 22x 3 = a 2x 3 ev, (2a)2x3 = 1
e¨vL¨v : 2 .a = 2 .2a3x5 x2 x3 1x
55. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb KZ?
ev, = ev, a2x3 = 22x+3
(ga¨g)
ÔKÕ bs mZ¨|
Kx= x= Mx= N x=
54. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(ga¨g)
AwZwi³ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ-1 î GKwU msL¨vi eM© msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y †_‡K 4 Kg|
K. DÏxc‡Ki Z_¨¸‡jvi mvnv‡h¨
mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2
L. m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i mgxKiYwU
mgvavb Ki| 4
M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwU
mgvab Ki| 4
îí 1 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
K. g‡b Kwi, msL¨vwU x
mgxKiYwU x2 = 5x 4
ev, x2 5x + 4 = 0 †`Lv hv‡”Q †jLwU x A‡ÿi Dci (1, 0) I (4, 0) we›`y
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB, w`‡q hvq|
x2 5x + 4 = 0
mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb x = 1 ev x = 4
GLv‡b, a = 1 Ges b = 5 Ges c = 4
cÖkœ-2 î y = ax2 + bx + c GKwU wØNvZ mgxKiY x-Gi †h mKj
Avgiv Rvwb, x = gv‡bi Rb¨ y = 0 A_©vr †jLwPÎ x Aÿ‡K †Q` Ki‡e|
=
K. b = c = 0 n‡j, y = Kx n‡e? 2
=
= L. †jLwP‡Î x + 2x 3 = 0 mgvavb Ki| 4
2
= M. a = 1, b = 5, c = 4 n‡j, mgxKiYwU
=, †jLwP‡Îi gva¨‡g mgvavb Ki| 4
= , = 4, 1 x = 4, 1
îí 2 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
M. g‡b Kwi, y = x2 5x + 4
K. DÏxcK n‡Z,
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi y = ax2 + bx + c
K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb †h‡nZz b = c = 0
wbY©q Kwi| myZivs, y = ax2 + 0.x + 0
x 0 1 2 2.5 3 4 5 y = ax2
y 4 0 2 2.25 2 0 4 L. g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + 2x 3
cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i x 5 3 2 1 0 1 4 3 2
mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| y 12 0 3 4 3 0 5 12 5
we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i †jLwPÎ
A¼b Kwi|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 217
81 = 3x. (32)y
ev, 32. 32y = 34
ev, 32 + 2y = 34
ev, 2 + 2y = 4
ev, 2y = 2
y=1
L. f(x) = 81
3x. 9y = 81
ev, 3x. 32y = 34
ev, 3x + 2y = 34
ev, x + 2y = 4
x = 4 2y .......................... (i)
†`Lv hvq †jLvwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K (3, 0) I (1, 0)
Avevi, †`Iqv Av‡Q,
we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q| myZivs mgxKiYwUi f(y) = 8
mgvavb x = 3 ev x = 1 (2x y) = 8
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 3, 1 ev, 2(4 2y) y = 8 [i Gi gvb ewm‡q]
M. DÏxcK n‡Z y = ax2 + bx + c ev, 8 4y y = 8
†h‡nZz a = 1, b = 5, c = 4 Gi Rb¨ ev, 5y = 8 8
y = x2 5x + 4 y=0
x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q y Gi gvb (i) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
K‡i GB mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi x = 4 2.0
¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi : ev, x = 4
x 0 1 2 2.5 4 5 x=4
y 4 0 2 2.25 0 4 wb‡Y©q mgvavb : (4, 0)
Dc‡ii mviwY †_‡K cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK M. †`Iqv Av‡Q, g (x) = 0
KvM‡R x Aÿ I y Aÿ eivei ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 4 – x2 + 3x 2 = 0
Ni GKK a‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| g‡b Kwi, y = x2 + 3x 2
x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q
K‡i cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi
¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi :
x 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
y 2 0.75 0 0.25 0 0.75 2
†jLwP‡Î x Aÿ‡K (1, 0) I (4, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q`
K‡i‡Q|
myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb, x = 1 ev 4|
cÖkœ-3 î f (x) = 3x.9y Ges f(y) = 2x y
Ges g (x) = x2 + 3x 2
QK KvM‡Ri XOX eivei x Aÿ Ges YOY eivei
K. x = 2 Ges f(x) = 81 n‡j, y Gi gvb KZ?2 y Aÿ Ges ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 4 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K
L. f(x) = 81 Ges f(y) = 8 n‡j, mgxKiY GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡R ¯’vcb
†Rv‡Ui mgvavb KZ? 4 Kwi, mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| †`Lv
M. g (x) = 0 n‡j, †jLvwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ hvq †h, †jLwPÎwU x A‡ÿi Dci (1,0) I (2, 0)
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Ki| 4 we›`y w`‡q †M‡Q|
mgxKiYwU mgvavb, x = 1, ev 2
îí 3 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1, 2
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, f(x) = 3x. 9y cÖkœ-4 î ivwkØq jÿ Ki : (x 1) Ges (x 4)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 218
K. ivwk؇qi ¸Ydj wbY©q Ki| 2 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb
wb‡`©k
L. cÖvß ¸Ydj k~‡b¨i mgvb n‡j Ki‡e? 2
mgxKiY MVb Ki Ges cÖvß L. a = 1, b = 3 Ges c = 2 n‡j
mgxKiY †_‡K x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi mgxKiYwU wKiƒc `uvovq? cÖvß
Rb¨ mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi
we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Ki| 4 ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Ki| 4
M. cÖvß gvbmg~n e¨envi K‡i M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwU
†jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki| 4
mgvavb Ki| 4 îí 5 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
îí 4 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí K. cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi †jLwPÎ A¼b Ki‡j x Gi †h
K. ivwk؇qi ¸Ydj (x 1) (x 4) mKj gv‡bi Rb¨ †jLwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K †Q` Ki‡e x
= x2 4x x + 4 Gi H mKj gvbB
= x2 5x + 4 ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKiYwUi mgvavb|
L. cÖvß ¸Ydj k~‡b¨i mgvb n‡j cÖvß mgxKiY, x2 L. ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Y a = 1, b = 3 Ges c = 2
5x + 4 = 0 ewm‡q cvB, –x2 + 3x 2 = 0
g‡b Kwi, y = x2 5x + 4 g‡b Kwi y = –x2 + 3x 2
x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q GLb, x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb
Kwi: wbY©q K‡i cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li
x 0 1 2 2.5 3 4 5
K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi :
y 4 0 2 2.25 2 0 4
x 0 05 1 15 2 25 3
M. QK KvM‡Ri ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 5 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K y 2 1, 75 0 025 0 07 2
GKK a‡i ÔLÕ G cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb Kwi 5
Ges mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| M. QK KvM‡Ri Dfq Aÿ eivei ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 10
†`Lv hvq †h, †jLwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K (1, 0) I (4, 0) we›`y‡Z evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K 1 GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv
†Q` K‡i‡Q| ¯’vcb K‡i †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi| †`Lv hvq †h,
†jLwPÎwU x-Aÿ‡K (1, 0) I (2, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q`
K‡i‡Q|
mgxKi‡Yi mgvavb : x = 1 ev x = 4
cÖkœ-5 î wØNvZ mgxKiYwU jÿ Ki : ax2 + bc + c = 0
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = 1, x = 2
Ki‡j x Gi †Kvb mKj gvb
cÖkœ-6 î GKwU msL¨vi e‡M©i wظY msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y †_‡K 3 îí 6 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
Kg| wKš‘ H msL¨vi e‡M©i 3 ¸Y msL¨vwUi 5 ¸Y †_‡K 3 †ewk|
K. awi, msL¨vwU = x
K. DÏxc‡Ki Z_¨¸‡jvi mvnv‡h¨
cÖkœg‡Z,
mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2
2x2 = 5x 3
L. m~Î cÖ‡qvM K‡i 2q mgxKiYwUi 2x2 5x + 3 = 0
mgvavb Ki| 4 Ges 3x2 = 5x + 3
M. 1g mgxKiYwU †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ 3x2 5x 3 = 0
mgvavb Ki| 4 2x2 5x + 3 = 0 I 3x2 5x 3 = 0 (Ans.)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 219
L. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, 2q mgxKiYwU, y 3 0 0 3 6 15
3x 5x 3 = 0
2
QK †_‡K cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv n‡jv :
DcwiD³ mgxKiY‡K wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi (1, 0), (3, 6), (4, 15), (0, 3) (15, 0) I (25, 3)|
mvaviY iƒc GLb, XOX eivei X-Aÿ, YOY eivei Y Aÿ I O
ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB, g~jwe›`y| QK KvM‡Ri ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 4
a = 3, b = 5 Ges c = 3 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K GKK a‡i we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb
Avgiv Rvwb, Kwi Ges ci¯úi †hvM Kwi|
wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi g~jØq,
x=
= [gvb ewm‡q]
= =
mgxKiYwUi GKwU g~j Ges AciwUi (Ans.)
M. ÔKÕ n‡Z cvB, 1g mgxKiYwU,
2x2 5x + 3 = 0
awi,
y = 2x2 5x + 3 ..................(i)
x-Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y-Gi gvb wbY©q
K‡i (i) bs
mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li K‡qKwU †jLwPÎ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, eµ‡iLvwU x Aÿ‡K x =
we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi| 1 Ges
x 25 1 15 0 3 4 x = we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q|
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1,
m„Rbkxj cÖkœe¨vsK DËimn
cÖkœ-7 GKwU wØNvZ cÖkœ-8 x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
x2 – 4x + 3 = 0
mgxKiY| K. mgxKiYwUi mgvavb Ki| 2
K. mgxKi‡Yi g~j KqwU I Kx Kx wbY©q Ki|2 L. †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ †j‡Li K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼
L. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ †j‡Li wbY©q Ki| 4
K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Ki| 4 M. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b K‡i †jLwPÎ †_‡K
M. mgxKiYwUi †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb Ki| mgvavb wbY©q Ki| 4
4 DËi : K. x = 4
DËi : K. x = 3 ev 1 L. x 5 4 3 2 1
y 1 0 1 4 9
M. x = 4
Aa¨vq mgwš^Z m„Rbkxj cÖkœ I mgvavb
cÖkœ-9 î x GKwU msL¨v hvi eM© 8. K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, x msL¨vwUi eM© 8
K. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K GKwU wØNvZ x2 = 8
mgxKiY MVb Ki| 2 ev, x2 8 = 0
L. cÖvß mgxKi‡Yi wbðvq‡Ki GwUB wb‡Y©q wØNvZ mgxKiY|
mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwUi g~‡ji L. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY x2 8 = 0 ..................(i)
cÖK…wZ wbY©q Ki Ges m~‡Îi ax2 + bx + c = 0 mgxKi‡Yi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB,
a = 1, b = 0 , c = 8
mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwUi g~jØq
mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK = b2 4ac
wbY©q Ki| 4
= 02 4.1 (8) = 32
M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ mgxKiYwUi
GLv‡b, cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK 32, hv
g~jØq wbY©q K‡i Gi mZ¨Zv
k~b¨ A‡cÿv eo wKš‘ c~Y©eM© bq|
hvPvB Ki| 4
îí 9 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 220
mgxKiYwUi g~jØq ev¯Íe, Amgvb I (x 3) (y 2) = 1 ...................(ii)
Ag~j` n‡e| (i) bs †_‡K cvB,
(2x + 3) (y 1) = 14
Avevi, mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x =
= ev, y 1 =
= = y= +1
= =2 L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cvB,
GLv‡b, x2 8 = 0 mgxKiYwUi g~jØq x = 2 I 2 y = + 1 ...................(iii)
hviv, ev¯Íe, Amgvb I Ag~j`| bs †_‡K cÖvß y Gi gvb (ii) mgxKi‡Y
(iii)
M. GLv‡b, x2 = 8 ewm‡q cvB,
x2 8 = 0 (x 3) = 1
g‡b Kwi, y = x2 8 .................(i) ev, (x 3) = 1
me©wbgœ we›`yi Rb¨ y = x2 8 ev, (x 3) = 1
(x 0)2 8
ev, =1
x = 0 n‡j y = 8
ev, (x 3)(11 2x) = (2x + 3)
†gvPo we›`y (0, 8)
ev, 11x 2x2 33 + 6x = 2x 3
(i) bs mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼‡bi Rb¨ x Gi
ev, 2x2 + 17x 33 + 2x + 3 = 0
K‡qKwU gvb wb‡q Zv‡`i Abyiƒc y Gi gvb ev, 2x2 + 19x 30 = 0
wbY©q Kwi : 2x2 19x + 30 = 0 (†`Lv‡bv n‡jv)
x 3 2 1 0 1 2 3
y 1 4 -7 -8 -7 4 1 M. ÔLÕ †_‡K cvB,
2x2 19x + 30 = 0
mviwY‡Z cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK KvM‡Ri
g‡b Kwi, y = 2x2 19x + 30
¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
ZLb x-Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb
wbY©q K‡i †jLwP‡Îi Rb¨ K‡qKwU we›`yi
¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi|
x 15 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 8
5
y 6 0 -9 -14 -15 12 5 0 6
QK KvM‡R ¶z`ªZg 2 Ni mgvb 1 GKK a‡i
we›`y¸‡jv ¯’vcb Kwi| †`Lv hvq †h,
†jLwPÎwU x Aÿ‡K (2, 0) I (75, 0) we›`y‡Z †Q`
†`Lv hvq †h, †jLwPÎwU x-Aÿ‡K ( 28, 0) I K‡i|
(28,0) we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i|
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 28 (cÖvq), 28
(cÖvq) (Ans.)
cÖkœ-10 î (2x + 3) (y 1) = 14
Ges (x 3) (y 2) = 1 GKwU `yB PjKwewkló
mgxKiY †RvU|
K. cÖ_g mgxKiY †_‡K y Gi gvb‡K x
Gi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Ki| 2
L. cÖvß y †K wØZxq mgxKi‡Y
cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i †`LvI †h, 2x2 19x +
30 = 0 4
M. †jLwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ ÔLÕ G cÖvß
mgxKiYwU‡K mgvavb Ki| 4 myZivs mgxKiYwUi mgvavb, x = 2 ev, x =
îí 10 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí 75.
cÖkœ-11 î x2 4x + 4 = 0 GKwU wØNvZ
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q,
mgxKiY|
(2x + 3) (y 1) = 14 ...................(i)
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 221
K. mgxKiYwUi wbðvqK KZ? 2 cÖkœ-12 î GKwU msL¨vi e‡M©i †_‡K msL¨vwUi
Pvi ¸Y we‡qvM K‡i 3 †hvM Ki‡j msL¨vwUi gvb
L. wbðvq‡Ki gvb †_‡K g~‡ji cÖK…
k~b¨ nq|
wZ wbY©q Ki Ges mgxKiYwU
K. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K x PjK a‡i mgxKiY
mgvavb K‡i Gi mZ¨Zv hvPvB
MVb Ki| 2
Ki| 4
L. mgxKiYwU mgvavb Ki (m~Î
M. cÖ`Ë mgxKiYwU †jLwP‡Îi
cÖ‡qvM K‡i)| 4
mvnv‡h¨ mgvavb K‡i M„nxZ
M. mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b K‡i
wm×v‡šÍi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
mgvav‡bi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
îí 11 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
îí 12 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb îí
K. cÖ`Ë mgxKiY x 4x + 4 = 0 .....................(i)
2
K. awi, msL¨vwU x
(i) bs mgxKiY‡K wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi cÖkœg‡Z, x2 4x + 3 = 0
Av`k©iƒc
ax2 + bx + c = 0 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i cvB,
L. ÔKÕ †_‡K cÖvß mgxKiYwU,
x2 4x + 3 = 0
a = 1, b = 4, c = 4
wbðvqK = b2 4ac ev, 1.x2 + ( 4) x + 3 = 0
= ( 4)2 441 GLv‡b, a = 1, b = 4 I c = 3
= 16 16 = 0 (Ans.) Avgiv Rvwb,
x=
L. x2 4x + 4 = 0 mgxKi‡Yi wbðvqK = 0
=
Avgiv Rvwb, †Kv‡bv wØNvZ mgxKi‡Yi =
wbðvq‡Ki gvb k~b¨ (0) n‡j Gi g~jØq =
ev¯Íe I mgvb n‡e| = ev,
GLb, mgxKiYwUi mgvavb x = = ev,
x= = 3 ev, 1
ev, = x = , wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1 ev, 3
x = 2, 2
A_©vr g~jØq mgvb| mZ¨Zv hvPvB M. awi, y = x 4x + 3
2
n‡jv| GLb x-Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y-Gi gvb
wbY©q K‡i cÖ`Ë mgxKi‡Yi †j‡Li
M. g‡b Kwi, y = x2 4x + 4
K‡qKwU we›`yi ¯’vbv¼ wbY©q Kwi :
x Gi K‡qKwU gv‡bi Rb¨ y Gi gvb wbY©q
x 1 15 2 25 3 35
K‡i †jLwP‡Îi Rb¨ K‡qKwU we›`yi y 0 075 -1 -075 0 125
¯’vbv¼ Kwi : QK KvM‡Ri Dfq Aÿ eivei ¶z`ªZg e‡M©i 4
x 0 1 15 2 25 3 4 evûi ˆ`N©¨‡K 1 GKK a‡i cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv
y 4 1 025 0 025 1 4
¯’vcb K‡i †jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi|
Dc‡ii mviwY n‡Z cÖvß we›`y¸‡jv QK
KvM‡R ¯’vcb K‡i mgxKiYwUi †jLwPÎ A¼b
Kwi| †jLwP‡Î †`Lv hvq †h GwU x Aÿ‡K (2, 0)
we›`y‡Z ¯úk© K‡i‡Q| †h‡nZz wØNvZ
mgxKi‡Yi `yBwU g~j _v‡K, †m‡nZz
mgxKiYwUi mgvavb n‡e x = 2, x = 2
†jLwPÎ †_‡K †`Lv hvq †h, x-Aÿ‡K (1, 0) I (3, 0)
we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i‡Q| †h‡nZz wØNvZ
mgxKi‡Yi 2wU mgvavb _v‡K|
beg-`kg †kÖwY : D”PZi MwYZ 222
wb‡Y©q mgvavb : x = 1 ev, 3 [Dfqcÿ‡K (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3) Øviv ¸Y K‡i]
ÔLÕ †_‡K cÖvß g~j I ÔMÕ Gi †jLwPÎ †_‡K GLb, x = 1, (ii) G emvB,
cÖvß g~j mgvb| 12 9.1 – 6 = A (1 – 2) (1 3) + B.0 + C.0
AZGe, mgxKiYwUi mgvav‡bi mZ¨Zv ev, 1 – 9 – 6 = A.(–1) (–2)
hvPvB Kiv n‡jv| ev, 2A = –14
A = –7
cÖkœ-13 f(x) = x3 6x2 + 11x – 6 Avevi, x = 2 n‡j (ii) n‡Z cvB,
P(x) = x2 9x 6 22 9.2 6 = A.0 + B(2 1) (2 3) + C.0
Q(x) =
ev, 4 – 18 – 6 = B (1)(–1)
K. A = {x : x N Ges f(x) = 0} n‡j n(A) =
ev, –B = –20
KZ? 2 B = 20
L. †K AvswkK fMœvs‡k cÖKvk Ki| 4 Ges x = 3 n‡j (ii) n‡Z cvB,
M. Q(x) = n‡j mgvavb †mU wbY©q 32 9.3 6 = A.0 + B.0 + C(3 – 1) (3 – 2)
Ki| 4 ev, 9 – 27 – 6 = 2.1.C
13 bs cª‡kœi mgvavb ev, 2C = –24
C = –12
K. †`Iqv Av‡Q, A = {x : x N Ges f(x) = 0}
GLb, A, B I C Gi gvb (i)-G ewm‡q cvB,
Ges f(x) = x3 6x2 + 11x – 6
GLb, f(x) = 0
GLb, f(1) = 13 612 + 111 – 6 = 0 BnvB wb‡Y©q AvswkK fMœvskiƒ‡c
f(2) = 23 622 + 112 – 6 = 0 cÖKvk| (Ans.)
f(3) = 33 632 + 113 – 6 = 0
f(x) = (x 1) (x 2) (x 3) M. †`Iqv Av‡Q,
A = {1, 2, 3} Q(x) = + Ges Q(x) =
myZivs n(A) = 3 (Ans.) Zvn‡j,
L. = [ÔKÕ n‡Z] ev, (1 + x) + (1 – x) = 2
awi, ........ (i) Gici Abykxjbx 5.2 Gi D`vniY-6 Gi mgvavb
ev, x2 9x – 6 A (x 2) (x 3) + B (x 1) (x 3) + C(x †`L|
1) (x – 2) ........ (ii)
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