G9 KJSEA 2025 KEY AREAS

GRADE 9 KJSEA 200+ PREDICTION QUESTIONS

INTEGRATED SCIENCE

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Mr Machuki- 0724333200

THIS GUIDE SHOWS YOU WHERE THE KJSEA

(GRADE 9 NATIONAL EXAMS) INTEGRATED SCIENCE
QUESTIONS WILL COME FROM IN THE SYLLABUS
WITH UPTO 80% ACCURACY.

THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THIS NON-

CONVENTIONAL REVISION GUIDE IS TO HELP
THE CANDIDATE AND THE TEACHER TO SAVE
VALUABLE TIME WHILE REVISING FOR THE
FORTH COMING NATIONAL EXAMS

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 2025
KJSEA
Key Areas

INTEGRATED SCIENCE PREDICTION

The purpose of this document is to provide a framework and mans of
illumination to guide the revision of Integrated Science in preparation
of learners for the upcoming national exams.' Therefore, teachers
should be keen to look at the KJSEA 2025 KNEC Sample examination.

Confidential!!!

KENYA EDUCATORS CONSULTANCY

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1. Zayuni spilled salt in his water and wants to separate these homogeneous mixtures. Advise
him on the right method to use and the steps to follow. (3 marks)

2. Mr Kimathi presented a chart with the female reproductive system as shown below for
learning purposes. Study it and identify the parts labelled and state their functions. (4 marks)

3. When walking around the neighborhood, Musyimi saw several sources of electricity that were
being used. With explanation, list these sources of electrical energy. 3 marks)

4. Jawabu junior school carried out activities to learn the properties of a magnet. Which
properties did they learn? (2 marks)

5. Dr Aisha advices her patients on the importance of living a healthy life style so as to prevent
kidney and skin diseases, Write down these importances and how they help (3 marks)

6 Mutemi drew the following table during a laboratory experiment to classify substances into
acids and bases, Which substances were wrongly classified? (1 mark)

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7. During a laboratory experiment, learners came across a burner and drew it later on their note
books as shown. What are the parts they labelled? (2 marks)

8. Grade 6 learners were introduced to Integrated Science as a field of study. Which were the
components of Integrated Science the learners were introduced? (1 mark)

9. Rehema visited a dermatologist for her skin checkup. While in the waiting line, she saw a
picture of the skin on the wall as shown. Study the picture and identify the parts Rehema
recognized with their functions. (3 marks)

10. Victor, a grade 6 learner, has hit the puberty stage and has started noticing some changes in
his body. While classifying them either physical or emotional, Identify these changes he is
experiencing. (3 marks)

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11. Kaharu community has a laboratory to help those learners who live in it. They have
displayeda chart at the entrance of the laboratory showing hazards found in the laboratory and
their sumbols as shown. What does each symbol mean? (3 marks)

12. Kagera was told to list the uses of separation of homogeneous mixtures in day-to-day life.
What was his response? (3 marks)

13. As Tumaini junior school were doing an experiment in the Laboratory, they faced several
accidents. What were the most possible causes of these accidents? (3 marks)

14. Shiro searched the internet on how acids and bases are applied in life. What did she discover?
(3 marks)
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 15. Awali loves to study the urinary system to understand how it works. She drew the following
to represent the urinary system. What are the parts she labelled and their functions? (3 marks)

16 Salama is your younger brother who is undergoing adolescence stage. He approaches you to
guide him on how to manage these developmental changes he Is going through. Which practices
will you suggest? (3 marks)

17. Grade 6 learners were taught the physical properties of acids and bases during a science
class. Which properties did they learn? (2 marks)

18. After a laboratory experiment in Muthokinjo Junior school, learners were told to care for the
apparatus they used. How did they care for the apparatus? (2 marks)

19. Teres drew the following table so as to classify the items she tested as either magnetic or non
magnetic. Study it and match correctly. (1 mark)

materials classification

iron

glass

steel

copper

20. Mwangi's dad owns a shop that sells electrical appliances. Which are some of the electrical
appliances he sells? (2 marks)

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21. A remote village is experiencing unusual occurrences around their local lake, including
declining fish populations, strange animal behavior and discoloured water. Which specific
science disciplines are relevant to investigating the lake's problems? Explain your reasoning for
each. (2 marks)

22. During a class discussion on the parts and functions of a Bunsen burner, learners came up
with the diagram below. Name and explain the functions of the parts labelled. (4 marks)

23. Complete the following table by filling in the appropriate separation method for each given
mixture. The first one has been done for you. (3 marks)

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24.A group of learners were conducting an experiment in their school laboratory. They were
given three unknown solutions labelled A, B and C. They were told that one was an acid, another
a base and the third was neutral. Describe three physical properties that the learners observed to
help them identify which solution was an acid and which was the base? (3 marks)

25. A group of Grade 7 learners are curious about how the human body changes during puberty.
Describe the functions of the following reproductive organs in both males and females. (6 marks)

(a) Penis

(b) Scrotum

(c) Ovaries

(d) Uterus

(e) Fallopian tubes

(f) Vagina

26. Grade seven learners are experiencing increased sweating during their physical education
classes. They are curious about how their bodies cool down during exercise. Explain the role of
sweat glands, sweat ducts and sweat pores in regulating body temperature (3 marks)

27. Grace came across the circuits shown below during a laboratory session. Identifų and name
the tupe of circuits shown. (2 marks)

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28. A young learner is helping their parent clean up the kitchen after a baking session. They
notice that the flour, sugar and salt have spilled onto the counter and mixed together. Explain
how the learner could separate the flour, sugar and salt from each other. What properties of these
substances would help in their separation?(3 Marks)

29. A Grade seven learners of Langa Primary School displayed the following diagram of the
parts of a skin during the school contest. Study the diagram and answer the question below.

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 What is the function of the following parts from the diagram;

(a) Epidermis (1 mark)

(b) Sweat gland (1 mark)

(c) Dermis (1 mark)

30. Maya is a 12-year-old girl who has noticed some changes in her body lately. She is curious
about what is happening to her and her friends.

(a) Describe the main physical changes that happen to girls during puberty.

(b) What causes these changes and how can Maya and her friends stay healthy during (3 marks)
this time?

31. Adelle is helping her parents with chores and wants to clean the bathroom. They notice that
different cleaning products used for different surfaces.

(a) Explain how acids and bases are used in different cleaning products.

(b) Why is it important to choose the right cleaning product for each surface? (1 mark)

(c) What safety precautions should be taken when using cleaning products? (1 mark)

32. You are helping your parent in the kitchen when you notice they are mixing different
ingredients together. sugar are You see them combine and water, then oil and water. Look
closely at these mixtures.

(a) What do you notice about how the substances mix together? (1 mark)

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(b) Classify the two mixtures as either homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures. (2 marks)

33. Ben came across the following laboratory apparatus in the school laboratory.

(a) Identify and name the apparatus shown. (2 marks)

(b) State two safety measures likely to be observed when using the apparatus. (2 marks)

34. Mr Newton is preparing a science lesson on laboratory apparatus for grade 7 learners. To
ensure they understand the basic components of a microscope, he provided every table with a
microscope for their discussion. Later on he displayed a diagram of a microscope as shown
below.

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Label and explain the function of the parts of the microscope labelled A and E as discussed. (2
marks)

35. Kamau is lost in the savanna. As the sun begins its descent. he realizes the importance of
finding warmth and energy sources to survive the night. identify five different forms of energy
that Kamau can find in his surroundings.

36 Musa is a curious young scientist. He wants to sort different objects around the house based
on whether they are attracted to a magnet or not. How can he complete the table below bu
classifying the following items as magnetic or non-magnetic? (3 marks)

37. Mwende is a busy learner who loves junk food and spends most of her time indoors studying
or on her phone. Recently, she noticed changes in her skin and felt unusually tired. How could
Mwende's lifestyle be affecting her skin and kidney health? What changes can she make to
improve her overall well-being? (2 marks)

38. Grade seven learners collected the following materials: Litmus paper, vinegar, baking soda
and lemon juice.

Fill in the table with the possible observations from the experiment. (2marks)

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39. There is a sudden blackout in your community. All electrical devices have stopped working.
Identify five different natural sources of energy that could be harnessed in this situation.

40. Terry is helping his parents create a safety guide for their household. They want to make sure
everyone understands the importance of electrical safety. List at least four essential safety rules
to follow when using electrical appliances at home. (2 marks)

41. Emma is preparing a lesson on Consumer awareness and has brought different types of bread
packaging to her class. She asks her learners to examine the packaging carefully. Identify and
explain 4 important information that Emma's learners should look for on the bread packaging. (4
marks)

42. John wants to design a simple experiment to investigate the force between different poles of
magnets. What should John predict will happen when he brings

Like poles together

Unlike poles together

(2 marks)

43. Madam Ann, a science teacher, created a chart that displays various symbols and their
meanings. Complete the table below (3 marks)

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44. Mr Mwangi, a junior secondary school teacher, wants his learners heat a beaker of water
using Bunsen burner and measure temperature at regular intervals. He emphasizes safety and
proper handling of the equipment.

(a) List 2 basic science skills the learners need for this experiment.(2 marks)

(b) What is the Sl unit for temperature? (1 mark)

45. During a science lesson, a science teacher wants his learners to separate salt water solution
into its components using simple distillation. State one real life application of a simple
distillation. (1 mark)

46. Misheck is the group leader of his group. Their task as a group was to make the parts of the
male reproductive system shown below. Help them name the parts correctly.( 3 marks)

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4

47. Mr Kiprop instructs his learners to test a series of unknown solutions using an indicator they
prepared from plant extracts and to describe the physical properties of the tested substance. List 2
physical properties of acids that you should describe after testing? (2 marks)

48. Soft tissues injuries caused by hot liquids or steam are known as ____ while injuries caused
by dry heat sources are called ___(2 marks)

49. Teacher Ben provided a table listing common kidney disorders and asked the learners to fill
in the causes of each disorder based on their research. Fill in the causes of each kidney disorders
listed below. (3 marks)

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50. Sonia, a grade 7 learner, from Utulivu school was asked to name the sources of electricitų.
List down 3 possible correct answers she stated? (3 marks)

51. Jay and Mark were given some digital devices to search two magnifying apparatus. Give 2
possible correct answers they found.(2 marks)

52. Dr Hezbon asked his patients to keep a daily log of activities that are beneficial for the skin
health. What are 2 activities you would include in your log to promote skin health? (2 marks)

53. Alexander was provided with a circuit kit with a battery, a switch, wires and a light bulb by
his teacher. Using the circuit kit, connect the components to demonstrate how electric current
flow through the circuit. (3 marks)

54. Mary is confused on the functions of testis in a male and cervix in a female reproductive
system. Describe the function of testis and the cervix. (2 marks)

55. Explain 2 reasons why electricity is essential for everyday activities. (2 marks)

56. A group of learners from Jordan school were asked to use a magnet to determine which
materials were attracted to the magnet and which ones were not. Use the table below to classify
each material based on your observation as either magnetic or non-magnetic. (3 marks)

material classification

Paper clip

Iron nail

Wooden stick

57. A science teacher talks about common challenges adolescents face during puberty. What are

2 strategies that can help an adolescent manage a common challenge during puberty? (2
marks)

58. During a class presentation, Emily drew the diagram below on the board. On the diagram,
label the sweat glands and sweat pores and state their functions. (4 marks)

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59. Sophia is curious about the various applications of magnets in everyday technology and
industry. Discuss 1 application of magnets that Sophia might find useful. (1 mark)

60. Ms Jemmah provided her learners with a mixture of iodine crystals and sand. She asked them
to describe how they would separate the two substances. What method would you use and what
is a simple procedure for using it? (3 marks)

61. Sofia has set up a small science laboratory on her farm to observe plant and animal cells.
What steps she follow to prepare a temporary slide of an onion cell for observation under a light
should she microscope? (2 marks)

62. Liam is curious about the role of different cell components. Explain the function of the cell
membrane and the nucleus as seen under a light microscope. (3 marks)

63. Emma notices that when she waters her plants, they appear healthier and grow faster. How
does the process of osmosis explain the movement of water into the plant cells? (3 marks)

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 64. Noah wants to demonstrate diffusion to his classmates. Describe a simple experiment he
could perform to show diffusion using household materials. (2 marks)

65. Ava observes that the water in her irrigation system moves faster through narrow pipes.
Explain how pressure in liquids affects this observation. (2 marks)

66. Ethan is designing a water filtration system for his rabbit farm. How can the concept of
pressure be applied to ensure efficient filtration? (3 marks)

67. Olivia experiences irregular periods and pain. What are some common challenges related to
the menstrual cycle and how can they be managed? (3 marks)

68. Jackson is learning about human reproduction. Describe the process of fertilization and the
initial stages leading to implantation in the uterus. (3 marks)

69. Isabella wants to make her farm more sustainable by using renewable energy. List and
explain three renewable energy sources she could consider. (4 marks)

70. Mason notices that his phone heats up when charging. Explain the energy transformation
process that occurs when the phone battery is charged. (3 marks)

71. Sophia observes a reaction when vinegar is mixed with baking soda. Write the word equation
for this reaction and identify the reactants and products. (3 marks)

72. Aiden is creating a chart of common elements. Assign the correct symbols to the following
elements: Carbon, Oxygen and Hydrogen. (2 marks)

73. Mia adds salt to ice to make ice cream. Explain how the impurity (salt) affects the melting
point of ice (2 marks)

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74. James burns a piece of paper and observes the changes. Differentiate between the physical
and chemical changes that occur during the burning of paper. (3 marks)

75. Charlotte learnt about the fire triangle in her safety course. Explain the role of oxygen in the
fire triangle and how its absence can control fire. (3 marks)

76. Benjamin wants to ensure his rabbit form is safe from fires. Describe ways to control
different classes of fires and the importance of each method (3 marks)

77. Amelia examines plant cells under a microscope and notices small green structures. Describe
these structures and explain their function in the plant cell. (3 marks)

78. Lucas conducts an experiment to measure the rate of osmosis in different solutions. What
factors could affect the rate of osmosis in his experiment? (3 marks)

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79. Harper reads about the pressure exerted by gases. How does temperature affect the pressure
of a gas in a closed container? (2 marks)

80. Eli's community is facing frequent power outages. Explain how the use of solar panels can
transform solar energy into electricity and help solve this problem. (3 marks)

81. You are given a compound with the formula NaHCO, ldentify the elements present and their
symbols. (2 marks)

82. A chemist needs to identify the gas produced in a reaction between carbon in a limited supply
of oxygen gas.

(a) Write down the word reaction. (1 mark)

(b) What is the symbol for this gas? (3 marks)

83. You have a mixture that contains sodium chloride (Na C) and need determine the process
that separates the salt from water. What type of change is involved? (3 marks)

84. A scientist is studying how impurities affect the boiling point of a liquid. If salt is added to
pure water, how does it affect its boiling point? (3 marks)

85. During an experiment, a grade 8 learner realised that impurities had an effect on the melting
point of substances. What effect do impurities generally have on the melting point? (2 marks)

86. During an experiment, hydrogen mixed with oxygen gas. This results in water formation.
Which type of reaction took place during this process? (2 marks)

87. John was preparing a solution of sodium chloride (NaCl). What is the chemical equation for
this reaction? (3 marks)

88. Akinyi found a substance that burns with a yellow flame. Which class is it and how would
you (2 marks) control it?

89. A laboratory technician was tasked with extinguishing a fire involving electrical equipment.
What class of fire does this represent and what is the appropriate extinguisher to use? (2 marks)

90. During an Integrated Science lesson, grade 8 learners observed the following cell under a
light microscope. Name the parts labelled 13 and 4. (2 marks)

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91. While doing an experiment, Linne and her classmates observed an animal cell under a light
microscope. Draw a well labelled diagram of an animal cell, (4 marks)

92. In a laboratory experiment, Rachel studied the process of diffusion using a dye in water.
Describe the process and its significance. (2 marks)

93. You were explaining the process of diffusion in a classroom experiment where perfume was
sprayed in one corner of the room. How does diffusion help spread the scent? (3 marks)

94. Annea grade 8 learner, was learning about menstruation cycle. Outline the main phases of
the menstrual cycle and their functions. (4 marks)

95. A grade 8 learner was suffering from the following symptoms;

(a) Painful urination

(b) Thick yellow or green discharge from the penis

(c) Swollen or painful testicles

(d) Rectal itching, discharge, or pain.

Which STl was the learner suffering from? (1 mark)

96. A patient was experiencing symptoms such as sores and rashes. What STI could this indicate
and what are common preventive measures?(2 marks)

97. Your classmates were reviewing preventive measures for gonorrhea. What are common
methods to reduce the risk of this STI? (3 marks)

98. An individual was concerned about HIVJAIDS. What are the common symptoms and steps
to be taken to prevent transmission? (2 marks)
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99. Lucas wanted to know more about energy transformation. How is sunlight energy converted
to chemical energy in plants? (3 marks)

100. A grade 8 learner was learning about energy transformation. Describe how energy is
transformed in an electric circuit. (2 marks)

101. Grade 8 learners were shown the following table when studying about chemical symbols.
Identify the elements shown in the table below. (3 marks)

102. a) Grade & learners were learning about kinetic theorų of matter and how impurities can
affect the boiling point and the melting points of a substance. State two waus in which impurities
can affect the boiling points and melting points of a substance. (2 marks)

b) Karanja, a grade 8 learner came across the apparatus below while in the laboratory.

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Identify the apparatus and state its junction. (1 mark)

103. Mr. Mikosi, a grade 8 teacher, Was teaching his learners about matter. Identify the three
states of matter, he was teaching. (3 marks)

104. Mutinda, a grade 8 learner came across the following cells when studying about the cells.
Identify the types of cells he saw. (1 marks)

105. Grade 8 learners were learning about diffusion and the factors that affect the rate of
diffusion. State three factors they might have mentioned that affect rate of diffusion. (3 marks)

106. Moraa a grade 8 learner who recently started her menstrual cycle. State three challenges she
is likely to face during her monthly menstrual cycle.

107. Marion, a grade 8 learner, was Viewing a cell under a microscope whose objective lens was
x4 and the eye piece lens magnification Was x10, calculate the total magnification of the cell
Marion was viewing. (3 marks) 8. Grade 8 learners were learning about the different forms of
enerqy. State three forms of energy they would have been discussing (3 marks)

108. Grade 8 learners were learning about different forms of energy. State 3 forms of energy they
would have been discussing. (3 marks)

109. Grade 8 learners were asked by their class teacher to name three applications of pressure in
solids in day-day life. Assuming they gave the correct answers, state three applications they
would have given. (3 marks)

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110. The diagram below was shown to grade 8 learners when studying about pressure. If it had a
mass of 20 kg, calculate the maximum pressure it exerts on the surface. (3 marks)

111. Grade 8 learners were visited by a laboratory technician from a neighboring school. They
were taught about some of the rules they should follow while in the laboratory. State two rules
they might have been taught. (2 marks)

112. Grade 8 learners were tasked to name two basic skills they can acquire by studying
Integrated Sciences. Stute two skills they were likely to mention, (2 marks)

113. Grade 8 learners came across the following hazards symbols when looking at reagent’s
containers. State the meaning of the hazardous symbols they saw. (2 marks)

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114. Awinja, a grade 8 learner, was asked by her fellow learners to name some of the physical
changes that happen to boys during adolescences. State two changes she mentioned. (2 marks)

115. The diagram below was given to grade 8 learners during their end term exams. Identify the
parts labelled B and 3 on the diagram. (2 marks)

116. Njera, a grade 8 learner, was learning about the urinary system. State two diseases that can
affect the kidney as one of major organs of the urinary (2 marks) system.

117. Mike, a grade 8 learner, was provided with two colourless solutions. He was told to classify
the solutions whether they were acids or bases. State two types of indicators he can use to
classify the colourless solutions. (2 marks)

118. Mikala is a remote village near Makini Junior School and does not have any electrical
power. State two sources the village can use to acquire the electrical power. (2 marks)

119. Wendy, accidentally mixed iron filings with table salt during a laboratory experiment.
Suggest a method you can advise Wendy to use to separate the mixture. (2 marks)

120. Grade 8 Junior School were visited by an 8 learners of Silver electrical expert to talk about
safety measures to observe when handling electrical appliances. State two safety measures they
might have discussed about. (2 marks)

121. During a science lesson at muti Umwe Junior School Njoroge saw this symbol in the
laboratory. What did they show? (2 marks)

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122. During a holiday, Ngunu visited his uncle in Bahati and realised that there was a reminder
at the door that was attached using a magnet. Which 2 metals are likely to have made the fridge
door? (2 marks)

123. James is teaching his classmate Amina about atoms. Help him remember the 3 components
of an atom. (3 marks)

124. Achieng and Ali are learning about metals in school. Achieng noticed that her mother's
cooking pan is rusting as shown below.

Explain to Achieng and Ali what causes rusting. (2 marks)

125. Mwende and Kiplagat are conducting an experiment to observe physical and chemical
changes. They mix salt in water and heat sugar in a pan. Explain what changes Mwende and
Kiplagat will observe in each experiment and how they can tell if each change is physical or
chemical. (4 marks)

126. Achuka placed a slice of potato in salty water. Describe what happens to the potato slice. (2
marks)

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127. Jane is learning about magnetism. State two ways in which magnetism is used in our daily
lives. (2 marks)

128. Mary is learning about electricity. State two safety precautions she should take. (2 marks) 9.
Peter tests water from two different sources: one from a river and one from a tap. Explain which
water is hard and which one is soft.(2 marks)

129. Peter tests water from 2 different sources. One from a river and one from a top. Explain
which water is hard and which one is soft. (2 marks)

130. After school, Ken saw these plants growing ona dead tree. What biotic factor is being
shown by the picture below? (1 mark)

131. Wairimu is learning about flowers in her garden. She notices that some flowers have bright
colours and strong scents while others have small, light. Explain how these observations can help
Wairimu understand how flowers are adapted to disperse their seeds. (4 marks)

132. Tom is learning about cells and notices the cell membrane around each cell he observes
under the microscope. Explain the function of the cell membrane.

133. Mwangi and Wanjiku are studying how fires start in nature. Name three ways in which the
fire starts. (3 marks)

134. In a science class, Fatima is learning about human reproduction on the menstrual cycle.
Explain the challenges related to the menstrual cycle and what steps she can take to manage
these challenges? (4 marks)

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135. Komu is learning about the male reproductive system. Help him name the parts of the male
reproductive sųstem shown in the picture below. (3 marks)

136. Jemima noticed that the leaves of the tomato plants in her garden are broad and flat. How
are the broad leaves advantageous for photosynthesis? (3 marks)

137. Esther observed the teeth of the lion at the zoo and noticed they were very sharp and
pointed as shown below. How do these teeth help the lion in its daily life? (2 marks)

138. Stephanie is learning about pollination. Help her know three agents of pollination. (3 marks)

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139. Trisha is learning about mirrors. Help her state two uses of curved mirrors in our daily life.
(2 marks)

140. Lyrica is revising on waves. Help her understand two ways in which waves are classified. (2
marks)

141. Salome, a grade 7 leaner, has designed a model of a water filtration system using locally
available materials. What steps should she follow to ensure her model effectively fitters water
and how can she test its efficiency? (2 marks)

142. David and Amina are working on a project to reduce plastic waste in their school. They
have several ideas, but can not decide which one to implement.

(a) What factors should they consider when choosing the best idea.

(b) How can they measure the impact of their chosen solution? (3 marks)

143. Maria has noticed that the vegetable garden at her school is not producing as much as it
used to. She suspects it might be due to soil quality. What methods can she use to test the soil
quality and what steps can she take to improve it? (3 marks)

144. John wants to create an eco-friendly packaging solution for the school's cafeteria. What
materials could he use and how can he ensure that his solution is both practical and
environmentally sustainable? (2 marks)

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145. Esther is planning to start a composting project at home to manage kitchen waste. (a) What
are the essential steps she needs to follow to set up and maintain a compost bin. (b) How can she
use the compost in her garden? (2 marks)

146. Felix, a grade 8 leaner, is designing a small wind turbine to generate electricity for a remote
village.

(a) What are the key factors he should consider in the design process. (2 marks)

(b) How can he test the efficiency of his turbine? (1 mark)

147. Grace and Peter are developing a solar-powered water heating system for their science
project. What materials and design principles should they consider and how can theu evaluate the
system's performance? (3 marks)

148. Lucy has been asked to redesign her school's playground to make it more inclusive and
safer. What design elements should she include to accommodate children of all abilities and how
can she assess the success of her redesign? (2 marks)

149. Samuel is interested in creating a vertical garden to save space and grow more plants at
home. What are the essential components of a vertical garden and how can he ensure that his
plants receive adequate light and water? (3 marks)

150. Martha, a grade 8 leaner, is working on a project to develop a biodegradable alternative

plastic straws. What natural materials could she use and how can she test the durability and
effectiveness of her biodegradable straws? (2 marks)

151. How does the arrangement of electrons in an atom influence its classification as a metal or
non-metal? Provide examples using the first 20 elements of the periodic table. (2 marks)

152. Compare and contrast the physical properties of steel and brass. How do these properties
make each alloy suitable for its specific uses in daily life? (3 marks)

153. Describe a simple experiment to test whether water from a local source is hard or soft. How
do the results of this test affect the choice of detergents for washing? (2 marks)

154. Explain the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis. How would a plant's ability to perform
photosynthesis be affected if it were placed in a dark environment for an extended period? (3
marks)

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 155. How does the dentition of herbivorous animals differ from that of carnivorous animals and
how does this dentition support their respective modes of nutrition? (3 marks)

156. Illustrate and describe the adaptations of a flower that promote insect pollination. How do
these adaptations enhance the flower's chances of successful reproduction? (2 marks)

157. Chloe, a Grade 9 learner, saw an image of an object change when viewed through a concave
mirror compared to a convex mirror. How would the image of an object change with each type of
mirror? Provide a real life example where each type of mirror is used and explain why? (2
marks)

158. Alex, a Grade 9 learner, is studying how remote sensing technology utilises waves for data
collection. Can you discuss how this technology works and give an example of how radar waves
are used in weather forecasting? (3 marks)

159. Jordan, a Grade 9 learner, is constructing a food web for a local ecosystem. How would
changes in one part of the food web, such as a decline in a key predator, impact other
components of the ecosystem? (2 marks)

160 Outline a method to prevent rusting on a metal object exposed to outdoor conditions. Why
is it important to prevent rusting and how does rusting affect the metal's properties? (3 marks)

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161. Muthoni used a chart to identify different types of teeth.

How do the structures and functions of incisors, canines, premolars and molars differ? (2 marks)

162. Omondi researched modes of nutrition in animals. What are the characteristics and
examples of parasitic, saprophytic, symbiotic and holozoic nutrition? (3 marks)

163. Cheruiyot is interested in human digestion, How can he describe the process of diqestion
from ingestion to egestion in human beings? (2 marks)

164. Wanjiku compared the dentition of herbivorous, carnivorous and omnivorous animals. How
does the structure of their teeth relate to their diet? (3 marks)

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165. Mwende studied the process of digestion. State the roles of any three parts in the human
digestive system? (3 marks)

166. Amina is learning about pollination. How do wind and insect pollinated flowers differ in
their adaptations? (3 marks)

167. Njenga observed different types of flowers. What are the functions of the various parts of a
flower in the process of reproduction? (3 marks)

168. Kigen studied fruit and seed dispersal. How do different fruits and seeds adapt to their
modes of dispersal? (2 marks)

169. Wamaitha conducted an experiment on fertilization in plants. What steps are involved in the
fertilization process and how do seeds and fruits form? (3 marks)

170. Kamau researched the effects of agrochemicals on pollination. What impact do these
chemicals have on pollinators and plant reproduction? (2 marks)

171. Chesire studied the biotic and abiotic components of the environment. How do predation
and symbiosis illustrate the interdependence between living organisms?(3 marks)

172. Otieno created food chains and food webs. How do these models demonstrate the flow of
energy in an ecosystem? (2 marks)

173. Wangeci observed the effects of human activities on the environment. What are the impacts
of habitat change and poaching on ecosystems? (2 marks)

174. Njoroge is researching decomposers. How do decomposers contribute to nutrient cycling in

an ecosystem? (2 marks)

175. Achieng' studied the abiotic factors of the environment. How do temperature and light
affect the living organisms in an ecosystem? (2 marks)

176. Wangari observed that her maize plants in the field are not growing as expected. Describe
the external and internal parts of a leaf and explain how they are adapted to photosynthesis. (3
marks)

177. Otieno conducted an experiment to show the necessity of light for photosynthesis. Explain
the process of photosynthesis and the conditions required, highlighting the steps Otieno should
follow. (3 marks)

178. Amina is curious about the role of chloroplasts in photosynthesis. Describe the structure of
chloroplasts and how they contribute to the process of photosynthesis. (2 marks)

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 179. Baraza observed images in a spoon. Describe the characteristics of images formed bu
concave and convex mirrors. (2 marks)

180. Mwasaru is interested in waves. Describe how waves generated and classify them as
longitudinal and transverse Waves. (3 marks)

181. Ann is conducting an experiment in the laboratory. Accidentally, she splashes chemical on
her body. Explain the first advisable aid measure she is supposed to do. (2 marks)

182. Brandon was provided with two solutions labelled A and B as shown below.

When he put red litmus paper on A, it turned blue. When he introduced blue litmus paper on A, it
retained its colour. Using another red litmus on B, it did not change its colour. However, upon
using blue litmus paper on solution B, it changed to red. Categorise the solutions as acid and
base and explain. (3 marks)

183. Study the reproductive system image below. A B Name the parts labelled A and B. (2
marks)

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184. Magnets have been used in many appliances for instance the electric bell. State the basic
law of magnetism. (1 mark)

185. Study the solutions below. Sodium hydroxide Hydrochloric Ammonia Water Classify the
solutions as acids or bases. (2 marks)

186. A grade 9 outlined the list below as some of the elements found in science. Give the
chemical symbol of the elements. (2 marks)

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Gold

Copper

187. Impurities have effects on the melting and boiling points of substances. Explain the effects
of impurities on the melting and boiling point of pure naphthalene. (3 marks)

188. Energy has a wider range of utilizations such as in the industries. State two renewable and
non-renewable sources of energy. (2 marks)

189. Study the image below.

i What is the name of the system? (1 mark)

ii. Which principle does the machine operate using? (1 mark)

iii. Briefly, explain the working of the machine. (3 marks)

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190. Alfred is studying diffusion in living organisms. Explain three roles of diffusion in living
things (3 marks)

191. Sodium is one of the elements found in the periodic table. Using dots or cross diagram,
show the electron arrangement of sodium. (2 marks)

192. Kanza stated the atomic mass of an element as 20. What is the:

(a) Name of the element? (1 mark)

(b) Number of protons in the element? (1 mark)

193. Mutiso is classifying elements using energy level diagrams as metals and non metals. He
stated that element at number 11 is metal while element at number 15 as non metal. Validate his
justification as true using energy level diagrams and explanation. (3 marks)

194. Rust has destroyed different structures found in our homes. What is the chemical name of
rust? (1 mark)

195. Catherine listed the terms below as used in mirrors.

(a) centre of curvature

(b) principal axis

(c) principal focus

Briefly, explain the terms as used in mirrors. (3 marks)

196. Study the wave diagram below.

On the diagram, label the crest and show one complete wavelength. (2 marks)

197. While on their way to school, Jane and Juma came across the following flower.

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Label the petals and the stigma. (2 marks)

198. Malkia is designing a presentation on photosynthesis. What are some of the conditions
necessary for photosynthesis she is likely to include? (3 marks)

199. Concave mirror is one of the Curved mirrors studied in Integrated Science. Draw a ray
diagram to show the formation of an image when an object is placed between the focus and the
pole of a concave mirror. Describe the nature, size and position of the image. (4 marks)

200. Kiema was reading about the flow of energy in an ecosystem. Explain three factors
affecting energy flow in an ecosystem. (3 marks)

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