ABIO-AN, JUDIVINA L.
APRIL 7, 2025
BASABE 2A
PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF THEODOLITE
PARTS FUNCTIONS
Telescope The telescope is the primary optical
component of the theodolite. It is used to
observe distant objects and measure angles
accurately.
.
Objective Lens This lens is located at the front of the
telescope and gathers light from the target,
directing it towards the eyepiece.
Eyepiece The eyepiece is where the observer looks
through the telescope to view the target. It
often has adjustable focus settings for clarity.
Horizontal Circle The horizontal circle is a graduated circle
attached to the theodolite’s base. It measures
the horizontal angle of rotation.
Vertical Circle Vertical Circle: The vertical circle is mounted
on the telescope’s vertical axis. It measures
the vertical angle of rotation.
Vernier Scales: Vernier Scales: These are fine measurement
scales on the horizontal and vertical circles
that allow for precise readings of angles
beyond the main scale divisions.
Tribrach: Tribrach: The tribrach is a mounting platform
that holds the theodolite securely and allows it
to be attached to a surveying tripod.
Handle Screw Plumb Bob: A plumb bob is often attached to
the bottom of the theodolite’s telescope to
provide a vertical reference line.
Base Plate: Base Plate: The base plate is the lower part of
the theodolite that attaches to the tribrach and
allows for horizontal rotation.
Vertical Axis: The vertical axis is the imaginary line around
which the telescope rotates vertically.
Horizontal Axis The horizontal axis is the imaginary line
around which the theodolite rotates
horizontally.
Focusing Knob: Adjusts the focus of the telescope to clearly
see distant objects.
Tubular Level Used to determine is a surface is horizontal or
vertical in many different types of levels or
devices.
Horizontal and Vertical Tangent Screws These fine-adjustment screws allow for
precise pointing of the telescope, ensuring
accurate angle measurements.
Horizontal and Vertical Clamp Screws These screws lock the horizontal and vertical
circles at a desired position, preventing
accidental movement during measurements.
Microscope of Horizontal and Vertical Circles These microscopes allow for precise reading
of the angles on the horizontal and vertical
circles. They magnify the graduations for
more accurate measurements.
Microscope of Horizontal and Vertical These microscopes allow for precise reading
Circles: of the angles on the horizontal and vertical
circles. They magnify the graduations for
more accurate measurements.
Leveling Screw The instrument is leveled using these screws
to ensure that the plate level axis is truly
level.
References:
Theodolite Parts and its Functions for Angle Measurements in Surveying. (2017, April 7).
theconstructor.org. https://theconstructor.org/surveying/theodolite-parts-functions
surveying/14761/
Mapping Around. (2023, November 26). Theodolite traversing - mapping around.
https://mappingaround.in/theodolite-travesing/
Important Parts of a Theodolite with Functions. (n.d.). Civil Engineering.
https://civiltoday.com/surveying/291-parts-of-theodolite
