Simple Sentences :

A simple sentence is a sentence that has:

One independent clause
A subject (who/what the sentence is about)
A verb (what the subject is doing)
It expresses a complete thought.

Structure:

Subject + Verb (+ Object)

Examples of Simple Sentences:

1. She runs.
2. The dog barked loudly.
3. I love chocolate.
4. They play cricket every Sunday.
5. The sun sets in the west.
Each of these sentences has one complete idea with just one clause.

Note:
A simple sentence can be short or long, but it always has just one independent clause.
It does not contain a dependent clause or another independent clause.

Compound Sentences:
A compound sentence has two or more independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction (like
and, but, or, so, yet).
• Independent clause: A group of words that can stand alone as a complete sentence.
Structure:
Independent Clause + Coordinating Conjunction + Independent Clause
Example:
• I wanted to go for a walk, but it started raining.
(Two complete ideas joined by "but")
More Examples:
• She studied hard, and she passed the test.
• You can take the bus, or you can walk.

Complex Sentences:
A complex sentence has one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses joined by a
subordinating conjunction (like because, although, since, while, if, when).
• Dependent clause: A group of words that cannot stand alone and needs the main clause to make
sense.
Structure:
Independent Clause + Subordinating Conjunction + Dependent Clause
or
Subordinating Conjunction + Dependent Clause + , + Independent Clause
Example:
• I stayed home because I was feeling sick.
(The dependent clause "because I was feeling sick" explains why I stayed home.)
More Examples:
• Although he was tired, he finished his homework.
 • She will succeed if she works hard.

Subordinating conjunctions are words that join a dependent clause to an independent clause. They
show the relationship between the two clauses — like cause, time, condition, contrast, etc.

Common Subordinating Conjunctions:

Cause/Reason Time Condition Contrast/Concession Comparison

Because When If Although Than

Since While Unless Though As…as
As Before Provided that Even though Just as
So that After In case Whereas
Until While
As soon as Purpose
As long as So that
In order that

Examples:
Because it was raining, we stayed inside.
I will call you when I reach home.
You can’t go out unless you finish your homework.
Although he was late, he completed the test.
Here’s a simple trick to help you remember many subordinating conjunctions using the acronym:

“SWABI”
Each letter stands for a common subordinating conjunction:

S – Since
W – When / While / Whenever / Whereas
A – Although / After / As
B – Because / Before
I – If / In case / In order that

Examples using SWABI:

Since it’s raining, we’ll stay inside.
When the bell rings, class is over.
Although I was tired, I kept working.
Because he studied, he passed.
If you try hard, you’ll succeed.
SWABI Worksheet: Subordinating Conjunctions Practice
Part A: Fill in the blanks using these conjunctions

(Use each one only once: Since, When, Although, Because, If)

1. __________ it was her birthday, she got many gifts.

2. I’ll text you __________ I reach the station.
3. He didn’t play outside __________ he was sick.
4. __________ she was nervous, she gave a great performance.
5. __________ you try hard, you’ll definitely succeed.

Part B: Choose the correct conjunction

Circle the correct word in brackets.

6. I stayed home (although / because) I had a cold.

7. She smiled (when / if) she saw the puppy.
8. We can go out to play (if / although) it stops raining.
9. (Since / When) the show started, everyone got quiet.
10. He came to class (although / because) he was feeling bet.

Part C: Match the sentence halves

Part D: Your Turn!

Write your own sentence using each subordinating conjunction:

16. Because: ___________________________________________________

17. Although: __________________________________________________
18. Since: _____________________________________________________
19. When: _____________________________________________________
20. If: ________________________________________________________

Q.Read each sentence and identify whether it is a Simple, Compound, or Complex sentence.

1. I love reading books in my free time.

2. She was tired, but she still completed her homework.
3. When the rain stopped, we went outside.
4. The children played in the park.
 5. I will go to the store if I have time.
6. He cooked dinner and washed the dishes.
7. Since he was sick, he stayed home.
8. They ran to catch the bus, but it had already left.
9. She smiled when she saw her friend.
10. The teacher entered the room and greeted the class.
11. Although she tried her best, she didn’t win the race.
12. The sun was shining.
13. I like tea, but my brother prefers coffee.
14. While I was studying, my phone rang.
15. He opened the window because it was hot.
16. The students studied hard for the exam.
17. If you don’t hurry, we will be late.
18. He was tired, so he went to bed early.
19. The dog barked.
20. She sang beautifully and played the guitar.
21. After the movie ended, we went for ice cream.
22. The clock struck twelve.
23. I enjoy swimming, and my sister enjoys running.
24. Because she was kind, everyone liked her.
25. I waited at the door.
26. He finished his lunch, and he went back to class.
27. When the lights went out, we lit candles.
28. The train arrived.
29. We visited the zoo and saw many animals.
30. I will go to the park unless it rains.

Q. Read each sentence and identify whether it is Simple, Compound, or Complex.

1. The little girl with the pink dress and curly hair danced gracefully across the stage during
the talent show.
2. I wanted to go to the museum today, but the weather was too bad, so we stayed home
instead.
3. Because the roads were flooded after the storm, we had to cancel our trip to the
countryside.
4. She wrote a long letter to her best friend and included pictures from their vacation last
summer.
5. We ordered pizza for dinner, and then we watched a movie that we had been waiting to see.
6. Although he trained hard for the competition, he didn’t manage to qualify for the final
round.
7. The students in the science club built a robot that could solve a Rubik’s cube in less than a
minute.
8. I enjoy listening to music while I read, especially when I’m relaxing at home on a rainy day.
9. The baby cried loudly in the middle of the night, but her mother quickly came to soothe her.
10. She looked out the window at the falling snow, sipping hot chocolate and humming a soft
tune.
 11. If you don’t complete your project on time, your grades may be affected, and you might
have to redo it.
12. The man who won the lottery donated half of his winnings to local charities that support
children.
13. We walked along the beach, collected seashells, and watched the sunset as the waves
rolled in.
14. The teacher explained the assignment again because many students didn’t understand the
instructions.
15. The dog barked at the mailman, chased a squirrel across the yard, and then took a nap in
the sun.
16. I wanted to play football, but my friend wanted to go swimming, so we compromised and
went cycling instead.
17. Although the recipe seemed complicated, she followed every step and baked a delicious
chocolate cake.
18. They visited the ancient ruins in Greece and took hundreds of pictures to remember the
trip.
19. He didn’t call me last night, nor did he send a message, so I was worried something had
happened.
20. Since the power went out, we lit candles and told stories until the electricity came back.

Q. Identify the type of sentence:

1. Please close the window before you leave the room.

2. What a beautiful sunset we saw from the hilltop yesterday!
3. The teacher explained the concept so clearly that everyone understood it the first time.
4. Why didn’t you tell me about the meeting earlier?
5. Finish your homework before you go out to play.
6. The crowd cheered loudly as the team scored the winning goal in the final minute.
7. How wonderful it is to see old friends again after so many years!
8. Can you please pass me the salt and pepper from the table?
9. It’s important to drink plenty of water during the summer.
10. Don’t forget to lock the door before you leave the house.
11. Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is?
12. The children were excited about their upcoming school trip to the zoo.
13. What an amazing performance the actors gave on stage tonight!
14. Always speak the truth, no matter how hard it is.
15. Did you complete the science project that was due today?
16. They moved into a new apartment last week near the city center.
17. Please be quiet while the baby is sleeping.
18. I can’t believe we actually won the championship after all that hard work!
19. Where have you kept the keys I gave you this morning?
20. The students listened carefully as the principal announced the holiday.
21. What a relief it is to finally finish all the exams!
22. Always arrive on time for your appointments.
23. Have you seen my notebook anywhere on the table?
 24. The baby smiled when she saw her mother walk into the room.
25. Please submit your assignments before the deadline.
26. How shocking it was to hear that news so suddenly!
27. Are you sure you want to travel during the storm?
28. The fireworks lit up the sky as people celebrated the festival.
29. Kindly take your seats before the show begins.
30. What a surprise it was to see you at the party last night!

Q. Make question tags for the following statements:

1. She is coming to the party, _________________

2. They have finished their homework, _________________
3. He can swim very well, _________________
4. It’s raining heavily, _________________
5. You won’t be late, _________________
6. We should help the poor, _________________
7. She doesn’t like coffee, _________________
8. They weren’t at home yesterday, _________________
9. I am your friend, _________________
10. He hasn’t eaten anything yet, _________________
11. You’re a good singer, _________________
12. Let’s go for a walk, _________________
13. Don’t be late, _________________
14. She was watching a movie, _________________
15. They won the match, _________________
16. You couldn’t open the door, _________________
17. He rarely talks in class, _________________
18. We were late for the meeting, _________________
19. I’m not disturbing you, _________________
20. There’s a cat under the table, _________________

Q. Identify whether each is a Sentence, Phrase, or Clause:

1. The boy with the blue backpack ran across the field.
2. After she finished her homework.
3. Under the old wooden bridge near the river.
4. I couldn’t find my keys anywhere.
5. When the sun rises in the east.
6. A group of children playing in the garden.
7. She smiled and waved at her friend.
8. Since we arrived late to the concert.
9. The cat with green eyes and soft fur.
10. He told me a very funny story.
11. If you don’t water the plants.
12. The tall man standing at the corner of the street.
13. They went to the museum on Saturday.
14. Although he was feeling sick.
15. A loud noise coming from the basement.
16. I forgot to bring my notebook.
17. Until the lights came back on.
18. Books lying all over the study table.
19. She danced gracefully on the stage.
20. Because the road was slippery.
21. A basket full of ripe mangoes.
22. We watched a movie after dinner.
23. While the children were playing outside.
24. A long walk in the hills during sunset.
25. They completed the project on time.
26. Unless the teacher allows us to go.
27. The sound of waves crashing on the shore.
28. He answered all the questions correctly.
29. Before the guests arrived at the party.
30. A beautiful garden full of colorful flowers.