Kinds of
Quadrilaterals
Rhombus Rectangle Square
Some special parallelograms
Rhombus
A rhombus is a parallelogram with all sides equal. ABCD is a
rhombus where AB||CD and BC||AD. Also, AB = BC = CD = DA
B C
A D
Rhombus-Properties
Rhombus has all the properties of the parallelogram. Besides
these, a rhombus has some other properties also.
01 All sides are equal (definition of rhombus)
AB = BC = CD = DA B C
02 The opposite angles are equal
(property of parallelogram)
A=C, B=D
03 Diagonals bisect each other at right A D
angles.
04 Diagonals bisect the opposite angles.
Rectangle
A parallelogram which has all its angles as right angles is
called a rectangle.
MNOP is a rectangle M = N = O = P = 90°
M N
P O
Rectangle-Properties
The rectangle has all the properties of a parallelogram and a
few more too.
01 Opposite sides are parallel and equal (Property of
parallelogram) M N
MN||OP, MN = OP
MP||NO, MP = NO
02 All angles are equal and are right
angles (Definition of rectangle).
P O
03 Diagonals bisect each other (Property of parallelogram).
04 Diagonals are equal.
Square
A parallelogram with all sides and all angles are equal is a
square.
ABCD is a square.
It has AB = BC = CD = DA and A = B = C = D = 90°
B C
A D
Square-Properties
01 Opposite sides are parallel. (property of parallelogram)
02 All sides are equal. (property of rhombus)
03 All angles are right angles (equal). (property of rectangle)
B C
A D
04 Diagonals are equal (property of rectangle). AC = BD
05 Diagonals bisect each other at right angles. (property of
rhombus)
AO = OC = OD = OB; BOA = BOC = COD = DOA = 90°
06 Diagonals bisect the opposite angles.
B C
A D
Example
In the given figure, ABCD is a rhombus and BCD = 80. Find x
and y respectively
D C
(A) 40, 20 (B) 70, 50
110
(C) 80, 30 (D) 50, 40 y
x
P
O M
Solution
A B
Ans: (B)
Example
In the figure below, ABCD is a rhombus. Find x. A
(A) 39 (B) 40 68
(C) 49 (B) 29 E 33 B 100 D
x
Solution C
Ans: (A)
Example
ABCD is a rectangle. Its diagonals meet at O. If OA = 2x – 1,
OD = 3x – 2, then value of x is-
A B
(A) 1 (B) 2
2x-1
(C) 3 (D) 4
O
3x-2
Solution
D C
Ans: (A)
Example
In the figure below, ABCD is a rectangle, PQRS is a parallelogram
and TUVR is a rhombus. DQM is a straight line. Then find
(i) QPS (ii) PQD (iii) MQN
(i) (ii) (iii) A P D S
(A) 45 98 105 31
T
(B) 36 42 121 Q R
N U 114
(C) 75 46 121
V
B M C
(D) 70 43 105
Solution
(i) QPS (ii) PQD (iii) MQN
(i) (ii) (iii)
A P D S
(A) 45 98 105 T
31
(B) 36 42 121
Q R
N U 114
(C) 75 46 121
V
(D) 70 43 105 B M C
Solution
Ans: (C)
Example
In the figure given below ABCD is a square and BCE is an
equilateral triangle. Find the value of x.
A B
(A) 75 (B) 90
x
(C) 105 (D) 120
E
Solution
D C
Ans: (C)
Example
Read the following statement and choose the correct alternative
from those given below them:
(i) Diagonals of a rectangle are perpendicular bisectors of each other
(ii) Diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular bisectors of each other
(iii) Diagonals of a parallelogram are perpendicular bisectors of each
other
(A) Statement (ii) and (iii) are true
(B) Only statement (ii) is true
(C) Statement (i) and (ii) are true
(D) Statement (i), (ii) and (iii) are true
Solution Ans: (B)
Example
Which of the following group is true for quadrilateral ABCD?
(i) ABCD is a Rhombus (a) AC and BD bisect each other
(ii) ABCD is a Parallelogram (b) AC and BD bisect each other at an
right angle.
(iii) ABCD is Rectangle (c) AC and BD are congruent and bisect
each other at an right angle.
(iv) ABCD is Square (d) AC and BD are congruent and bisect
each other.
(A) i – b, ii – d, iii – a, iv – c (B) i – c, ii – d, iii – a, iv – b
(C) i – b, ii – a, iii –d, iv – c (D) i – b, ii – c, iii – d, iv – a
Solution
Ans: (C)
Homework
DPP-03 COMPLETE
Exercise Q. 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
