Chng 3: CHE O LAM VIEC CUA IEM TRUNG TNH

02 Jan 2011

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I. Khai niem:

Trung tnh la iem noi chung cua 3 cuon day noi hnh sao Tuy thuoc vao ien ap, chieu dai ng day, tuy thuoc vao moi nc, moi a phng ma iem trung tnh mang ien co hoac khong co day trung tnh O Trong cac mang ien, iem B trung tnh co the noi at hoac C khong Che o lam viec cua iem trung tnh ong vai tro quan trong v no quyet nh ch so cua dong ngan mach, tnh lien tuc cung cap ien cua mang ien
A
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II. Mang ien 3 pha trung tnh cach ly:

A

I ptA

O C B

Phu tai

I ptB I ptC
I CA

B C

I CC

I CB

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1) Khi lam viec bnh thng

UA I ptA I CA I ptC UC I CB

I CC

I ptB

UB

Khi lam viec bnh thng, mang ien oi xng: - Dong ien IptA, IptB, IptC oi xng - Dong ien dung ba pha cung oi xng - ien ap iem trung tnh bang khong

- ien ap cac pha day pha A,B,C so vi at bang ien ap pha - Dong ien o vao at bang khong
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2) Khi s co cham at 1 pha

U I ptA A A

O C B

Phu tai

UC
IC
C C

UB

I ptB I ptC
I CA

B C

I CC

I CB

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2) Khi s co cham at 1 pha:

U A UA U CA UC UC U AB

S co pha C:
U = U A U C A U B = U B U C U C = U C U C = 0

ien ap day:
U BC

U = U ' A ' B = U AB U AB U BC = U ' B 'C = U BC U U B U CA =U 'C U ' A =U CA

Dong ien dung:

I 'CA = U 'A = ZC ZC

UB
; I 'CB = U 'B = ZC 3U pha ZC ' = U C = 0; ; I CC ZC

3U pha

Dong dung chay vao iem cham at

02 Jan 2011

I C = 3CU pha
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Nhan xet: Khi s co cham at 1 pha:

ien ap oi vi at cua pha cham at bang khong, ien ap oi vi at hai pha con lai tang len bang ien ap day Dong ien dung cua pha cham at tang len 3 lan, dong ien dung cua hai pha con lai ch tang can ba lan so vi khi lam viec bnh thng ien ap iem trung tnh tang len bang ien ap pha He thong ien ap day cua mang ien gi khong oi giong nh lam viec bnh thng Mang ien van lam viec bnh thng (u iem)
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Neu cho phep lam viec trong mang nay can lu y: Cach ien cua mang ien phai thiet ke va tnh toan chu c ien ap day. ien ap cang cao gia thanh cach ien se tang vot ch ng dung cho mang Um35kV Dong ien dung cho cham at ln se sinh ho quang co the gay chay cach ien Khi dong ien dung ln va ho quang chay khong on nh qua o, gay qua ien ap, nhat la khi xay ra hien tng cong hng, qua ien ap co the at t 3,5-4,5 lan Upha de dang choc thung cach ien gay ngan mach nhieu pha rat nguy hiem
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Mang ien nay khong the lam viec qua lau khi cham at 1 pha

Tuy thuoc vao ien ap mang ien ngi ta quy nh: Mang ienUm6kV, thi gian lam viec cho phep tcp2h Um 10kV, tcp 1h va dong cham at IC 30A Um >10kV, tcp 0,5h Va oi vi mang ien Um 35kV, ch cho phep lam viec khi IC 10A

02 Jan 2011

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III. Mang ien trung tnh noi at qua cuon dap HQ:
A

I ptA

O C B

Phu tai

I ptB I ptC
I CA

B C

I
IL
IC

I CB

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Cau tao cuon dap ho quang:

IL

Cuon dap HQ la cuon day co loi thep, at trong thung cha dau may bien ap o t cam: L = 0 N 2 S / Vi, 0: o t tham cua khong kh N: so vong day, S: tiet dien mach t : khe h khong kh

ien cam cua cuon day co the thay oi c bang cach thay oi khe h khong kh hoac thay oi so vong day
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Trong ieu kien lam viec bnh thng cuon L khong tac dung
UC

IC

Dong ien dung:

IL

UC Dong ien qua L: I L = jX L U pha Ve tr so: IL = L

Khi s co (pha C), ien ap iem trung tnh bang UC

I C = 3CU pha

Dong ien tong tai cho cham at: I = I C + I L

Ve tr so: I = I C I L ieu chnh L sao cho I=0IL=IC3 2LC=1 Cuon HQ e nang cao c tnh lien tuc cung cap ien
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IV. Mang ien trung tnh noi at trc tiep: Mang ien co ien ap cao, dong dung ln, o d tr cach ien nho Noi at trc tiep
A

O C

u iem: Tranh qua ien ap ln; trong moi che o van hanh, ien ap cua pha vi at Upha

Cach ien cua thiet b ch B thiet ke vi Upha Nhc iem: Dong ngan mach lnThiet b bao ve co thi gian tac ong nhanh, gay nhieu ng day thong tin, nguy hiem cho ngi do ien ap tiep xuc co the ln Mang ien co Um110kV trung tnh trc tiep noi at
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02 Jan 2011

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e giam dong ngan mach cham at, tang tong tr th t khong Giam bt iem trung tnh noi at trc tiep

Noi at iem trung tnh qua ien tr nho

Noi at iem trung tnh qua ien khang nho

02 Jan 2011

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