RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 1

EXERCISE - 1 : BASIC OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

Relation and its Types (b) reflexive but neither symmetric nor transitive
(c) an equivalence relation
1. Let R = {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12), (6, 12), (3, 9),
(3, 12), (3, 6)} be a relation on the set A = {3, 6, 9, 12}. The (d) symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive
relation is Ans. (b)
(a) reflexive and symmetric only
Sol. x  3x y  xy  3y  0
3 2 2 3

(b) an equivalence relation

(c) reflexive only  x  x  y  x  y   3y  x  y  x  y   0
(d) reflexive and transitive only
  x  3y  x  y  x  y   0
Ans. (d)

Sol. (i) (a, a)  Ra  A  (3,3) (6, 6) (9,9) (12,12) Now, x  y  x, y   N  N so reflexive

 R is reflexive But not symmetric & transitive

See, (3,1) satisfies but (1,3) does not.
(ii) (a, b)  R  (b, a)  R
Also (9,3) and (3,1) satisfies but (9,1) does not
Here, (3, 6) is present in R,
Functions and its classifications
but (6, 3) is not there in R.
 R is not symmetric
x 2
4. Let f (x) = , x   1 . The value of  for which
(iii) (3, 6)  R and (6, 12)  R  (3, 12)  R x 1
f (a) = a, (a  0) is
 R is transitive
2. Let W denotes the words in the English dictionary. Define 1 1
(a) 1  (b)
the relation R by R = {(x, y) W × W : the words x and y a a
have at least one letter in common}. Then, R is
(a) reflexive, symmetric and not transitive 1 1
(c) 1  (d) 1
a a
(b) reflexive, symmetric and transitive
(c) reflexive, not symmetric and transitive Ans. (c)

(d) not reflexive, symmetric and transitive Sol. f(a) = a

Ans. (a) a 2
 a
Sol. R = {(x, y)  w  w ; the words x and y have at least one a 1
letter in common} clearly R is reflexive and symmetric. For
transitive let x = abcd, y = defg, z = ghi  a 2  a 2  a

(x, y)  R and (y, z)  R  (x, z)  R   a  a  1 ( a  0)

 R is not transitive 1
  1
3. Let N be the set of natural numbers and a relation R on N a
be defined by
log 2  x  3 
R   x, y   N  N : x 3  3x 2 y  xy 2  3y 3  0 . 5. The domain of f (x) = is
x 2  3x  2
Then the relation R is:
(a) R – {–1, –2} (b) (–2, + )
(a) reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive
 2 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
(c) R – {–1, –2, –3} (d) (–3, + ) – {–1, –2} Ans. (b)
Ans. (d)
Sol. e x  ef (x)  e
2
Sol. x  3x  2  0
ex  e  ef (x)
 (x  1) (x  2)  0  x   1,  2 .........(i)
 ex  0  e  ef (x)  0 ef (x)  e
and x + 3 > 0  x > – 3 ........ (ii)

(i)  (ii)  x  (3, )  {1,  2}  f (x)  1

6. The range of the function y = log3 (5 + 4x – x2) is  f (x)  ( , 1)

(a) (0, 2] (b) (–, 2]
x2  x  2
(c) (0, 9] (d) none of these 8. Range of the function f (x) = ; x  R is
x2  x 1
Ans. (b)
 11 
Sol. y  log 3 (  (x 2  4x  5)) (a) (1, ) (b)  1, 
 7
 log3 ( ( (x  2) 2  4  5))
 7  7
(c)  1,  (d)  1, 

 log 3  (x  2) 2  9   3  5
Ans. (c)
 for log  x  x  0


   x  2  9  0
2
 Sol. y
x2  x  1  1
x2  x  1
2
9   x  2  0 1
y  1 2
x  x 1
 9   x  2
2
 min
 0
2
 1 3
x2  x  1   x   
 2  4
5  4x  x 2 max
3
(x 2  x  1) min 
b 4
x
2a
(x 2  x  1) max  
4
x 2  y min  1  0
2  1

1 7
5  4  2   22  9 y max  1  
3 3
4
y max  log 3 9  2

 range   , log3 9   , 2  7

Range = 1, 
 3
7. If ex + ef(x) = e, then range of the function of f is
(a) (–, 1] (b) (–, 1) x 1 
9. The equation 2 sin2 . cos2 x = x + , 0 < x < has
(c) (1, ) (d) [1, ) 2 x 2
(a) one real solution
 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 3
(b) no real solution
x  4 – 4  x 1
(c) infinitely many real solutions =  –( x  4) x  –4

(d) none of these
Ans. (b)
(1,5)
Sol.  x0
y=k
 By AM  GM

1 1 6
x 2 –4
x

x
   is :
2
LHS : 2 sin cos 2 x
The function f (x) = cos log x + x  1
2
2 12.

 (1  cos x) cos 2 x (a) even (b) odd

Clearly LHS < 1 (c) constant (d) None of these

Ans. (a)
 No solution

x  [ x] Sol. f (x)  cos [log (x  x 2  1) ]

10. Let f(x) = , x  R, then the range of f is :
1  x  [ x]
f (x)  cos [log ( x 2  1  x) ]
(a) [0, 1] (b) [0, 1/2]
(c) [0, 1/2) (d) (0, 1)   ( x 2  1  x) ( x 2  1  x)  
Ans. (c)  cos  log  
  x 2
 1  x  
 
Sol. For x  , f(x) = 0
For x  R ~ I
 1 
(x – [x]) < 1  cos  log 
2(x – [x]) < 1 + x – [x]  x 2  1  x 

Thus f(x) < 1/2

 cos   log ( x 2  1  x) 
11. The range of k for which ||x–1|–5| = k have four distinct  
solutions -
(a) [0, 5] (b) (–, 5)  cos  log ( x 2  1  x) 
 
(c) [0, ) (d) (0, 5)
Ans. (d)  cos     cos 
Sol. f(x) = ||x–1| –5 |  f (x) is even function
Case I x  1
13. Let f : R  R be a function such that f (x) = x3 – 6x2 + 11x – 6. Then
f(x) = |x – 1 – 5|
(a) f is one-one and into (b) f is one-one and onto
x – 6 x6 (c) f is many-one and into (d) f is many-one and onto
= |x – 6| =  – x  6 1  x  6
 Ans. (d)

Case II x < 1 Sol. f (x)  (x  1) (x  2) (x  3)

f(x) = |x + 4|
 4 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

 f (1)  f (2)  f (3)  0 it is onto.

So, the function is many-one. Also, f  (x)  2  sin x

Since f  (x)  0
Thus it is one-one.

x2 – 4
16. Let f be a function from R to R given by f (x) = .
x 2 1
Then f (x) is.
(a) one-one and into (b) one-one and onto
(c) many-one and into (d) many-one and onto
Ans. (c)
Sol. f (x) = f (–x). So, f is many-one.

5
Also f (x) = 1  2
 1 5   4
Clearly, for x < 0, f (x) < 0 and goes on decreasing as x x 1
decreases.
So, f is into.
For x > 3, f (x) > 0 and goes on increasing as x increases.
 f (x) can have call real values. So, f is onto. 17. f (x) = x + x 2 is a function from R  R. Then f (x) is
14. Let f : R  R be a function such that (a) injective (b) surjective
f (x) = x3 + x2 + 3x + sin x. Then (c) bijective (d) none of these
(a) f is one-one and into (b) f is many-one and into Ans. (d)
(c) f is one-one and onto (d) f is many-one and onto
Sol. f (x)  x  | x | .
Ans. (c)
Clearly f (–1) = f (–2) = ........... = 0.
Sol. Given F : R  R
So, f is many-one.
Any odd degree polynomial has is range R
Hence onto Also, f (x)  0 for all x.

f’(x) = 3x2 + 2x+ 3+ cos x So, it is not surjective.

Here D < 0, a > 0 18. A function f : A  B, where A {x : – 1  x  1} and
2
B = {y : 1  y  2} is defined by the rule y = f (x) = 1 + x .
D  4  4  3 3   32  8 Which of the following statement is true?
minimum       
4a  43   43  3 (a) f is injective but not surjective
(b) f is surjective but not injective
8
overall equation   1,1 (c) f is both injective and surjective
3
Means always  ve (d) f is neither injective nor surjective
Ans. (b)
Hence f(x) is always increasing, f(x) is one-one onto.
Sol. Since, A  {x :  1  x  1}
15. Let f be a function from R to R given by f (x) = 2x + |cos x|.
Then f is and B  {y :1  y  2}
(a) one-one and into (b) one-one and onto
(c) many-one and into (d) many-one and onto For y  f (x)  1  x 2

Ans. (b)
x  1, y  1  (1) 2  2
Sol. Here, f (x) will give all real values for real values of x, Thus
 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 5

and for x  1, y  1  (1)2  2 Sol. f (x)  sin x  3 cos x  1

 f is not injective. (one-one)

1 3 
 2  sin x  cos x   1
1  x  1  0  x  12
2 2 
 1  1  x2  2  2 sin (x  60º )  1
 Here,  B there is a preimage.
  1  sin   1
Hence, f is surjective.
  2  2 sin (x  60º )  2   1  2sin (x  60º )  1  3.
 x, if x is rational
19. f x   and 21. If a function f : [2, )  B defined by f (x) = x2 – 4x + 5 is a
0, if x is irrational bijection, then B is :
(a) R (b) [1, )
0, if x is rational
g x   . Then, f – g is (c) [4, ) (d) [5, )
 x, if x is irrational
Ans. (b)
(a) one-one and into (b) neither one-one nor onto
(c) many one and onto (d) one-one and onto Sol. f (x)  x 2  4x  5; x  [2, )
Ans. (d) For function to be bijective, it should be injective as well
as surjective
Sol. Let  (x)  f (x)  g (x)
f (x)  x 2  4x  5; x  [2, )
 x, x  Q
 From the graph it is injective surjective means
  x, x  Q
for one-one
Take any straight line parallel to x-axis which will intersect
 (x) only at one point.

  (x) is one-one
For onto

 x, x  Q
As,  (x)   , which shows
  x, x  Q B = Range of f (x)
y = x and y = – x for rational and irrational values  B  [1, ).
 y  real numbers.
22. Which of the following function has period  ?
 Range = Codomain
 2x   x 
  (x) is onto. (a) 2cos    3sin  
 3   3 
Thus, f – g is one-one and onto. (b) |tan x| + cos 2 x
20. If f : R  S, define by f (x) = sin x – 3 cos x + 1, is onto,
   
then the interval of S is (c) 4cos  2x    2sin  x  
 2  4
(a) [0, 1] (b) [–1, 1]
(d) none of the above
(c) [0, 3] (d) [–1, 3]
Ans. (b)
Ans. (d)
 6 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

2 2 Sol. cos x is not periodic function

Sol. (a) T1   3, T2  6
2 
So clearly f (x)  cos x  sin 2 x is not periodic.
3 3
Composition of a function
LCM of T1 & T2  6
26. Let f (x) be a function defined on [0, 1] such that
2
(b) T1  , T2  
2  x x Q

f x  
LCM of T1 & T2   1  x, x  Q

2 2
(c) T1   1, T2  2 Then for all x  [0, 1], fof (x) is
2 
(a) a constant (b) 1 + x
LCM of T1 & T2  2 (c) x (d) none of these

23. Let f (x) = cos 3x + sin 3 x. Then f (x) is Ans. (c)

(a) a periodic function of period 2.  x; x Q

Sol. f (x)  
1  x; xQ
(b) a periodic function of period 3 .
(c) not a periodic function  f ( x), f ( x)  Q
f  f ( x)   
(d) none of these 1  f ( x), f ( x)  Q
Ans. (c)
 x; x  Q  x; x  Q
2 f (f (x))   
Sol. Period of cos 3x  T1  1  (1  x); x  Q  x; x  Q
3
 fof (x)  x.

Period of sin 3x  T2 
3 27. If f  x   2  x and g  x   1  2 x , then the domain of
LCM of T1 and T2 is not defined f [g (x)] is
 f (x) is not a periodic function. (a) (– , 1/2] (b) [1/2, )
24. The period of sin  is
2 (c) (– , –3/2] (d) none of these
(a) 
2
(b)  Ans. (d)
3
(c)  (d) /2 Sol. f (x)  2  x , g (x)  1  2x
Ans. (b)
f (g (x))  2  1  2x
1  cos 2
Sol. sin 2  
2
1
 1  2x  0  x 
2
 2 
 cos 2 period is  
 2  2  1  2x  0

3
25. Which one is not periodic  4  1  2x  x  
2
2
(a) |sin 3x| + sin x (b) cos x  cos 2 x
2 2
(c) cos 4x + tan x (d) cos x + sin x
Ans. (b)
 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 7

 3 1 
 x   ,  . = cos–1(sin x) = –x
 2 2 2

28. Let f (x) = sin x and g(x) = In |x|. If the ranges of the gofoh(x) = sin 2 (cos –1 x )  1  x 2
composition functions fog and gof are R 1 and R 2
respectively, then fohog(x) = sin2(cos–1 x ) = 1 – x.
(a) R1 = {u : –1 < u < 1}, R2 = {v : – < v < 0}
Thus no two composites are equal.
(b) R1 = {u : – < u < 0}, R2 = {v : –1 < v < 0}
31. If f(g(x)) = | cos x |, g(f(x)) = cos2 x , then -
(c) R1 = {u : –1 < u < 1}, R2 = {v : – < v < 0}
(d) R1 = {u : –1 < u < 1}, R2 = {v : – < v < 0} (a) f(x) is a periodic function and g(x) is a non-periodic
function.
Ans. (d)
(b) f(x) is a non-periodic function and g(x) is a periodic
Sol. f (x)  sin x, g (x)  ln | x | function.
fog (x) = sin ln |x| (c) Both f(x) and g(x) are periodic functions
 range = [–1, 1] (d) Neither f(x) nor g(x) is a periodic function
Ans. (b)
 sin ce  1  sin x  1
Sol. Given, f(g(x)) = | cos x | = cos2 x ….(i)
(gof) (x) = ln |sin x|

  1  sin x  1  0  | sin x |  1 g(f(x)) = cos2 x ….(ii)

 range of (gof) (x) = (, 0] from (i) and (ii), f(x) = x . And g(x) = cos2x
Clearly f(x) is a non-periodic function and g(x) is a periodic
 
2
29. If g {f (x)} = |sin x| and f {g (x)} = sin x , then function.

32. Consider the functions f  x   x and g(x) = 7x + b. If the

(a) f  x   sin 2 x ,g  x   x
function y = fog(x) passes through (4, 6) then the value of
(b) f  x   sin x ,g  x   x b is
(a) 8 (b) – 8
(c) f  x   x 2 ,g  x   sin x
(c) – 25 (d) 4  7 6
(d) f and g cannot be determined Ans. (a)
Ans. (a)
Sol. y  f  g  x   f 7 x  b  7 x  b
Sol. g (f (x))  | sin x |, f (g (x))  (sin x ) 2
Given that y  4   6, so 28  b  6  28  b  36  b  8
Cleary f (x)  sin 2 x and g (x)  x
Inverse of a Function
30. If f(x) = sin2x, g  x  x and h(x) = cos–1x, 0  x  1, then -

(a) hogof(x) = gofoh(x) a x  a x

33. The inverse of the function f  x   is
(b) gofoh(x) = fohog(x) a x  a x
(c) fohog(x) = hogof(x) (where codomain of f(x) is (–1, 1))
(d) None of these
1 1 x  1 1 x 
Ans. (d) (a) log a   (b) log a  
2 1 x  2 1 x 
Sol. hogof  x   cos 1  sin 2 x 
 8 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

 1 x  Sol. y  [1  (x  3) 4 ]1/7
(c) log a   (d) none of these
 1 x 
y7  1   x  3
4
Ans. (b)
Interchange x  y
a x  a x a 2x  1
Sol. f (x)  
a x  ax a 2x  1  x 7  1  (y  3)4

a 2y  1  (1  x 7 )1/4  y  3
x
a 2y  1
 y  3  (1  x 7 )1/4 .
x 1
 a 2y  Functional Equations
1 x

1  1 x  1 1
 y log a  . 36. If 3 f (x) + 5 f    – 3,  x(0)  R, then f (x) is
2  1 x  x x

34. Let f : [–1, ) R be given by f (x) = (x + 1)2 –1, equal to :

x > –1. Then f –1 (x), is :
1 3  1  3 
(a)   5x – 6  (b)  –  5x – 6 
(a) – 1  x 1 16  x  16  x 

(b) – 1 – x 1 1 3 
(c)   5x  6  (d) none of these
16  x 
(c) does not exist because f is not one-one
Ans. (b)
(d) does not exist because f is not onto
Ans. (d) 1 1
Sol. 3f (x)  5f     3 .........(1)
2 x x
Sol. f (x)  (x  1)  1
1
Replace x.by
x

1
 3f    5f (x)  x  3 ..........(2)
x

Eq n (1)  3 and eq n (2)  5

1 3
9f (x)  15 f     9
x x
Clearly range  [1, )
1
25 f (x)  15f    5x  15
But co-domain = R x
 function is not onto  inverse of function does not Subtract
exist.
35. The inverse of the function y = [1 – (x – 3) ] is
4 1/7 3
16 f (x)  5x  6
7 1/4 7 1/4 x
(a) 3 + (1 – x ) (b) 3 – (1 – x )
7 1/4
(c) 3 – (1 + x ) (d) none of these 1  3 
 f (x)   5x   6 
Ans. (a) 16  x 
 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 9
37. Let f : R  R be a function given by f (x + y) = f (x) + f (y) for (a) 4 = 3 (b) 3 = 4
all x, y  R such that f (1) = a. Then, f (x) =
7
(c)  – = (d) none of these
(a) ax (b) ax 12
(c) xa (d) a + x
Ans. (a)
Ans. (b)
Sol. f (x + y) = f (x) + f (y) Sol. tan 1  tan x   x
Put x = y = 1
 5 
f (2) = f (1) + f (1) = 2a    tan 1  tan 
 4 
Put x = 1, y = 2
f (3) = f (1) + f (2) = 3a    
 tan 1  tan     
In same manner f (x) = ax   4 
38. Let f be a real valued function satisfying
f (x + y) = f (x) f (y) for all x, y R such that f (1) = a. Then,  
 tan 1  tan 
f (x) =  4
(a) ax (b) ax
(c) xa (d) none of these 

4
Ans. (a)
Sol. f (x + y) = f (x) f (y) and

Put x = y = 1   2  
  tan 1  tan  
f (2) = f (1) . f (1) = a2   3 
Put x = 1, y = 2
 f (3) = f (1) . f (2) = a3    
 tan 1   tan     
  3 
In same manner f (x) = ax

 1     
39. If a f (x + 1) + bf    x, x 1, a  –b, then f (1) is equal  tan 1  tan   
 x +1    3 
to

(a) a + b (b) a2 – b2 
3
1
(c)
a +b
(d) f(1) = 0  4  

Ans. (d) 3  

Sol. Put x = 0  4  3
af(1) + bf(1) = 0 41. Which one of the following is correct?
f(1) (a + b) = 0 (a) tan 1 > tan–1 1 (b) tan 1 < tan–1 1
f(1) = 0 (c) tan 1 = tan–1 1 (d) None of the above
as a + b 0 Ans. (a)
Sol. tan 1 means (tan (57º)) approx
Simplification problems of ITF
and tan 57º > 1
 5   2 
40. If  = tan–1  tan  and  = tan–1  – tan  , then 1 
 4   3  but tan (1)  1
4
so tan 1 > tan–1 (1)
 10 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

 1  3  x
42. The value of sin   sin     is : 1  tan
 2  2   2  cos 
x
1  tan
2
3 3
(a) (b) 
2 2
x
1  tan
1 1 2  1
(c) (d)  
2 2 x cos 
1  tan
2
Ans. (c)
Apply C & D
  3 
 sin   sin 1  
Sol.  2   2 1  cos 
 2    
x 1  cos 
2 tan
2
 
 sin   
2 3
x 1  cos 
tan 
 1 2 1  cos 
 cos 
3 2
x
43. cot 1  
cos   tan 1  
cos   x, then sin x is equal
sin x 
2 tan
2
x
to 1  tan 2
2
 2 
(a) tan 2   (b) cot  
2 2  1  cos  
2  
   1  cos  
(c) tan  (d) cot  
2 (1  cos  )2  (1  cos  ) 2
(1  cos  )2
Ans. (a)

Sol. cot 1 ( cos  )  tan 1 ( cos  )  x 2 (1  cos  )


2 (1  cos )
cot 1 ( cos  )  tan 1 ( cos  )  2 tan 1 ( cos  )  x

 
 2 tan 1 ( cos  )  x 2sin 2
2  2
2 
2 cos
2

2 tan 1 ( cos  )  x
2

 tan 2  
 x 2
tan 1 ( cos  )  
4 2

 x
tan     cos 
4 2
 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 11

If tan(cos–1 x) = sin  cot 1  , then x is equal to :

1   1 
44.  cos  tan 1
 2  
  x 2  1  

5 5
(a)  (b)    x 2  1 
3 3  cos  cos 1  2 
  x  2 
5   
(c)  (d) None of these
3
Ans. (d) x2 1

x2  2
 1
Sol. tan (cos1 x)  sin  cot 1  Properties of ITF
 2

1 
1  x2 2 46. If sin x  , for some x  (–1, 1), then the value of
 ... (i) 5
x 5
cos–1 x is :

5 (1  x 2 )  2x 3 5
(a) (b)
10 10
Squaring both sides
7 9
5  5x 2  4x 2 (c) (d)
10 10

9x 2  5 Ans. (a)


5 Sol. If sin 1 x  ,
x 5
3
We know
5 
Neglecting  , because LHS and RHS of equation (i) sin 1 x  cos 1 x 
3 2
must be of same sign.
1   3
5 so, cos x   
Hence only allowed value of x is  2 5 10
3
3 5
45. cos [tan–1 {sin (cot–1 x)}] is equal to : 47. The value of cot 1  sin 1 is :
4 13

x2  2 x2  2 1 63 12
(a) (b) (a) sin (b) sin 1
x2  3 x2 1 65 13

1 65 5
x2 1 (c) sin (d) sin 1
(c) (d) None of these 68 12
x2  2
Ans. (a)
Ans. (c)
3 5
Sol. cos [tan 1 {sin (cot 1 x)}] Sol. cot 1    sin 1  
4
   13 

   1   4  5
 cos  tan 1 sin  sin 1    tan 1    tan 1  
 
  x 2  1   3  12 
 12 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

 4 5  4x 2  4xy cos   y2  4sin 2 

  
 tan 1  3 12  x 1 x 1 
4 5
 1    49. If tan 1  tan 1  , then x is equal to :
 3 12  x2 x2 4

1 1
(a) (b) 
 63  2 2
  63
 tan 1  36   tan 1
 16  16 5 1
(c) (d) 
 36  2 2

Ans. (c)
 63 
 sin 1   x 1 x 1 
 63  162
2  Sol. tan 1  tan 1 
  x2 x2 4

 63   ab 
 sin 1    tan 1 (a)  tan 1 (b)  tan 1  
 65   1  ab 

y
48. If cos–1 x – cos–1  , then 4x2 – 4xy cos  + y2 is  x 1 x 1 
2   

equal to  tan 1  x  2 x  2  
 (x  1) (x  1)  4
(a) –4 sin2  (b) 4 sin2  1 
 (x  2) 2 
(c) 4 (d) 2 sin 2
Ans. (b)
2x
1 1 y x 2 
Sol. cos x  cos    tan  
2 (x 2  4x  4)  (x 2  1) 4
2
(x  2)
 xy y2 
cos 1   1  x2 1 
 2 4  2x (x  2)
  1
4x  5

xy y2 2x 2  4x  4x  5
 1 x2 1   cos 
2 4
2x 2  5

y2 xy
1 x2 1   cos   5
4 2 x
2
Square both sides.
50. If 2 tan–1 (cos x) = tan–1 (2 cosec x), then the value of x is :
y2 x 2 y2 x 2 y2 1 3 
1  x2   cos 2    2. xy cos 
4 4 4 2 (a) (b)
4 4

y2 
1  x 2  cos 2   xy cos  (c) (d) None of these
4 3
Ans. (b)
4  y 2  4x 2  4 cos 2   4xy cos 
Sol. 2 tan 1 (cos x)  tan 1 (2 cosec x)
 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 13

 2 cos x   x 2  ab
tan 1  1
  tan (2cosec x)
 1  cos2 x 
 x  ab
2 cos x 2 53. If cos–1 x > sin–1 x, then :
2

sin x sin x (a) x < 0 (b) –1 < x < 0

2 cos x  2 sin x 1 1
0 (c) 0  x  (d) 1  x 
sin 2 x 2 2
Ans. (d)

 tan x  1 so x 
4 
Sol. cos 1 x   cos 1 x
2
11
51. The equation 2cos1 x  sin 1 x  has :
6 
2 cos 1 x 
(a) no solution (b) only one solution 2
(c) two solutions (d) three solutions

Ans. (a) cos 1 x 
4
11
Sol. 2 sin 1 x  cos 1 x  
6 x  cos
4
 1
 sin 1 x  1
2 6 x
2
4
sin 1 x   1 
3 so x   1, 
 2
Never possible, so no solution.
54. Set of values of x satisfying cos–1 x > sin–1 x
a1  b 
52. If tan    tan 1    , then x is equal to :
x x 2
 1  1
(a)  0,  (b) 0, 
(a) ab (b) 2ab  2  2
(c) 2ab (d) ab
1  1 
Ans. (a) (c)  , 1 (d)  , 1
2  2 
a b  Ans. (b)
Sol. tan 1    tan 1   
x
  x 2

Sol. cos
1
x  cos 1 x  x  0 
2
a b
xx 
tan 1   
1  ab  2 cos 1 x 
4
 x 2 
 
  cos 1 x 
ab 4 2
 so 1  0
x2
1
0 x 
2
 14 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

1 
0 x
2
  [tan 1 (r  1)  tan 1 r]
r 0

1  tan 1 1  tan 1 0  tan 1 2  tan 1 1  tan 1 3  tan 1 2....

55. The value of cos (2 cos–1 x + sin–1 x) at x  is :
5

(a) 1 (b) 3 .... tan 1  
2
2 6
(c) 0 (d) 
5 1 1 1
57. If tan 1  tan 1  tan 1
1 2 1   2  3 1   3  4 
Ans. (d)

1 1
Sol. cos (2 cos 1 x  sin 1 x)  ? at x  .....  tan 1  tan 1  , then  =
5 1  n  n  1

 cos (cos 1 x  sin 1 x  cos 1 x) n n 1

(a) (b)
n 1 n2
  1 
 cos   cos 1   
 2  5  n n 1
(c) (d)
n2 n2
  1 
  sin  cos 1    Ans. (c)
  5 
1 n 1 n
Sol. tan 1  tan 1
 2 6 1  n  n  1 1  n  n  1
  sin  sin 1 
 5 

 tan 1  n  1  tan 1  n 

2 6
  1 1 1  a  b  
5  tan (a)  tan (b)  tan  1  ab  
  

 1  so that L.H.S. of the given equation is
56. The value of  tan 1  1  r  r 2  is equal to :
r 0
 tan 1 2  tan 1 1  tan 1 3  tan 1 2  ....  tan 1  n  1  tan 1 n

 3
(a) (b)  tan 1  n  1  tan 1 1
2 4
 n 1 1
(c) (d) None of these  tan 1
4 1   n  1
Ans. (a)
n

 tan 1
 1  n2
Sol.  tan 1  1  r  r 2 
r 0
n n
so that tan
1
 tan 1     .

 1  n2 n2
  tan 1  1  r (r  1) 
r 0   ITF- Domain & Range


 r 1 r 
  tan 1  1  r (r  1)  –1   x 
r 0   58. The domain of sin l og 3  3   is
  
 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 15
(a) [1, 9] (b) [–1, 9] For  x  0,  1
(c) [–9, 1] (d) [–9, –1]
Ans. (a) x x
1  1  1  0   2
2 2
x
Sol. 1  log3    1  0  x  4  D 2   0, 4 
3
  
1 x  for x    ,  , cos x  0
 3  2 2
3 3

 1 x  9   
 domain of log (cos x)  D3    , 
 2 2
Domain = [1, 9]

sin –1  x – 3  
D1  D2  D3  x   0, 
59. The domain of the function f (x) = is  2
9 – x2
61. If  = sin–1 x + cos–1 x – tan–1 x, x  0, then the smallest
(a) [1, 2] (b) [2, 3] interval in which  lies, is given by :
(c) [2, 3) (d) [1, 2)
 3 
Ans. (c) (a)  (b)  0
2 4 4
Sol. 9  x 2  0  (3  x) (3  x)  0   
(c) 0    (d) 
4 4 2
Ans. (d)

Sol.   sin 1 x  cos 1 x  tan 1 x

 x  (3, 3) ....... (1)
Given x > 0 but x  1
And 1  x  3  1
[Domain of sin–1 and cos–1]
2x4 ....... (2)

so    tan 1 x x  (0, 1]
(1)  (2)  x   2, 3  2

 0  x 1
 
60. The largest interval lying in   ,  for which the
 2 2  0  tan 1 x   / 4

2 x    / 4   tan 1 x  0
function f (x)  4 x  cos 1   1 + log (cos x) is
2 
defined, is   / 4   / 2  tan 1 x   / 2

(a) [0, ]
  
(b)   , 
 / 4   / 2
 2 2 62. Range of f(x) = sin–1 x + tan–1 x + sec–1 x is

       3    3 
(c)   ,  (d)  0,  (a)  ,  (b)  , 
 4 2  2 4 4  4 4 
Ans. (d)   3 
(c)  ,  (d) None of these
4 4 
x2   
Sol. Domain of 4  D1    , 
 2 2 Ans. (c)
 16 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Sol. f (x)  sin 1 x  tan 1 x  sec1 x  

4 4
     
f  x     sin   x     cos   x  
1  2  2   2 
Domain sin x, x  [1, 1]

Domain sec 1 x, x  [R  (1, 1)]  cos 4 x  sin 4 x  f (x)

So, permissible value x = {–1, 1}. 

 Period 
2
f (x)  sin 1 (1)  tan 1 (1)  sec1 (1)
65. Let [x] denote the greatest integer  x. If f (x) = [x] and
  3
  0  8    8 
2 4 4 g(x) = |x|, then the value of f  g     g  f     is
  5   5 
or f (x)  sin 1 (1)  tan 1 (1)  sec 1 (1) Ans. (-1)
Sol. Given f (x) = [x] and g (x) = | x |
  
  
2 4 4   8   8  8
Now, f  g     f       1
  5   5  5
  3 
Range =  , 
4 4 
  8    8 
63. Range of f (x) = sin–1x + cot–1x + tan–1x is and g  f      g       g ( 2)  2
  5    5 

(a) [0, ] (b)   ,    8    8 

 2   f g    g f      1  2  1.
  
5   5 
  If f : R  R is given by
(c)  ,  (d) [–, ] 66.
4 
1, when x is rational
Ans. (a) f x   ,
 1, when x is irrational
Sol. f (x)  sin 1 x  cot 1 x  tan 1 x
 
then ( fof ) 1  3 is equal to
1 
 sin x
2 Ans. (-1)

  1, when x is rational

  sin 1 x  Sol. Given, f (x)  
2 2  1, when x is irrational

So 0  f (x)   Now, (fof ) (1  3)  f [f (1  3]  f (1)  1.

f (x)  [0, ] 67. The number of real solutions of the equation ex = x is
Ans. (0)
Numerical Value Type Questions
4 4
Sol. Draw graph of y  ex and y = x clearly no solution
64. The period of the function f (x) = sin x + cos x is /k. Then
the value of k is
Ans. (2)

Sol. f (x)  sin 4 x  cos4 x

 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 17

Sol.  a  x  12  b  x  1  c    ax 2  bx  c   8 x  3
   

  2ax   a  b    8 x  3

 2a  8 & a  b  3

 a  4 & b  1
71. sec2 (tan–1 2) + cosec2 (cot–1 3) is equal to
Ans. (15)

68. The number of real solutions of the equation log0.5 x = |x| is Sol. sec2 (tan 1 2)  cosec 2 (cot 1 3)
Ans. (1)
  5 
Sol. draw graph of log 0.5 x and y  | x |  sec2  sec1     cosec2 (cosec1 10)
 
  1 

= 5 + 10 = 15

20 20
72. If  sin 1 x i  10 , then  xi is equal to :
i 1 i 1

Ans. (20)

20
Sol.  sin 1 x i  10,
i 1

Clearly one solution

 
We know that   sin 1 x 
 1  2 2
69. If 2f (x + 1) + f   = 2x and x  –1, then f (2) is equal to
 x 1

k/6. Then the value of k is. So only possibility if sin 1 x i  i  [1, 20]
2
Ans. (10)
So x i  1.
1
Sol. Put x  1,  is given function respectively, we get 20
2
 x i  20
i 1
1
2f (2)  f    2 .........(i)
2 73. If k  sin–1 x + cos–1 x + tan–1 x  K and k + K = m. Then the
value of m is.
1 Ans. (1)
and 2f    f (2)  1 ..........(ii)
2
Sol. k  sin 1 x  cos 1 x  tan 1 x  K
5
On solving Equation (i) and (ii), we get f (2)  . 1 1 
3 Since sin x  cos x   x  [1, 1]
2
70. If f (x) = ax 2 + bx + c satisfies the identity
f (x + 1) – f (x) = 8x + 3 for all x  R. Then, a + b = Now sin 1 & cos 1 x are defined only when
Ans. (3) 1  x  1
 18 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

   1 1 1  a  b  
  tan 1 x   tan (a)  tan (b)  tan  1  ab  
4 4   

  3
   tan 1 x 
4 2 4
  2 tan x  
 tan x 3  
 k  /4    1  tan 2 x  
 4  1  tan 2 x  
3  5  3  2  
&K 
 tan 1   1  tan x  
4   tan x   6 tan x  
1    2 
74. The value of tan–1 (1) + tan–1 (0) + tan–1 (2) + tan–1 (3) is   4   8  2 tan x  
equal to k. Then the value of k is  
 
Ans. (1)  
Sol. tan 1 (1)  tan 1 (0)  tan 1 (2)  tan 1  3

since tan 1 (0)  0  tan x 6 tan x 

  2 

4 8  2 tan x 
 23 1   tan x   6 tan x  
tan 1 2  tan 1 3  tan 1  
 1 6    4   8  2 tan 2 x  
 

 5 
 tan 1      8 tan x  2 tan 3 x  24 tan x 
 5   tan 1  
2 2
 32  8 tan x  6 tan x 
3
   tan 1 (1) 
4  2 tan x [tan 2 x  16] 
 tan 1  2 
 3  2 [tan x  16] 
tan 1 1  tan 1 2  tan 1 3   
4 4
 tan 1 (tan x)
   =x
75. If x  ,  , then the value of
 2 2 76. If the range of the function

 tan x  1  3sin 2x 
 1  2  x  
tan 1    tan   is kx. Then the value x  π  x 
 4   5  3cos 2x  f  x      cos π    sin 
 2  is
4  2   
of k is  

Ans. (1)
         2  1 
4 , 4 4 , 4 4 , ,
2
 tan x  1  3sin 2x      
Sol. tan 1    tan  
 4   5  3cos 2x  (where {.} and [.] represent fractional part and greatest
integer functions respectively), then  2   2   2   2 is
 tan x 3sin 2x 
   Ans. (15.00)
 tan 1  4 5  3cos 2x 
  tan x   3sin 2x   x
1   Sol. Period of   is 4
  4
  4   5  3cos 2x  
 RELATION , FUNCTION & INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS 19

 1  2  x  
1
 x4  2
 cos      0  R  4
 2 
  x 
  x   1
Period of sin   is 4
 2 

78. If the solution set of the inequation tan–1x + sin–1x  is
 Period of f (x) is 4. 2
For periodic function 
f (x) range can be calculated for x [0, 4]  1 
 , 1 , then    
  

x  1
If x   0, 1 ; f (x)  , f (x)   0,  Ans. (7)
4  4
Sol. tan 1 x  cos 1 x
x 5 3 
If x  1, 2  ; f (x)   1, f (x)   , 
4 4 2 
1 x2
x  3
2 or tan 1 x  tan 1
If x   2, 3 ; f (x)  , f (x)   ,  x
4 4 4 
x  1 
If x  3, 4  ; f (x)   1, f (x)    , 0 
4  4  1  x2
x  x2  1 x2
x
x 4  x 2  1  0 so
 1 1  2 3  5 3 
 Range    ,    ,  ,   5 1 
 4 4  4 4   4 2  x , 1
 2 
77. Evaluate:

1
  2
2
  cos  cot 1
x  
1
x

sin  cot 1
x 
 
 1
x2    4 
  cot  cosec x   tan  cosec x   x 
1 1

  
 
 

Ans. (1.00)

1
  x 1 1 
2
2
     
 2  1 x 2 x  1  x2   1 
x  1  x4 
Sol.   
x2 1  
  x2 1  
   

1
  4 2
2
x 1  1
 x2   
  x3  x 4 
   