International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization

High Technology and New Materials

Graziano Bertogli 4 May 2011

International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

Programme conceived within a holistic, systematic and integrated approach focused on the utilization of renewable resources available locally, and taking into consideration socio-economic and environmental dimensions and impact

International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

Country
Mexico

Title
Pilot project on High Technology Innovation Centre Venture Capital fund Production of biodiesel from jatropha curcas seed Geothermal Energy Production of biochar and electricity from agricultural wastes (up to 100 kw) Cashew nuts Integrated project : food, energy and industry Lamps of Knowledge for Africa (PV panels, battery, Leds) Support to set up Nanotechnology Park
Based on the Mexican Pilot Project on High Technology

Status
Concluded

Paraguay East Africa Region Selected Sub Saharan African Country Selected Easter African Country Selected Sub Saharan African Country Sri Lanka

First phase concluded Under formulation Under implementation Under formulation Under formulation Under implementation

Renewable Energies Biofuels Industrial utilization of medicinal & aromatic plants Sustainable Industrial Development Food safety & processing
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International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

The Cashew, Anacardium occidentale L., is a member of the Anacardiaceae family, along with mango, pistachio, poison ivy and poison oak. Cashew is native to northeastern Brazil, in the area between the Atlantic rain forest and the Amazon rainforest.

ANACARDIUM OCCIDENTALE

Anacardium Occidentale is largely produced in India, Viet Nam, Africa, Brazil ...
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International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

CNSL (Cashew Nut Shell Liquid) is obtained as a by-product from cashew shells treatment (mainly by squeezing or solvent extraction); it represents an useful, cheap and renewable starting material. It can be used as such for low value applications or subjected to further transformations.

Cardanol based products Polyol

Biofuel

International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

Production (MT)

Viet Nam India Nigeria Cte d'Ivoire Brazil Indonesia Philippines United Republic of Tanzania Mozambique Guinea-Bissau Benin

Source FAO stat 2008

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International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

Worldwide production of CNSL

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International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

CNSLs and cardanols current main uses

Field of interest Coating sector Application Industrial and marine coatings Paint (anti corrosive) and enamels, varnishes rubber industry to enhance the vulcanisate properties Lacquers developed from CNSL could be used for insulation, protective or decorative coatings for furniture, buildings, automobiles, etc. In the coating arena, cashewnut shell oil is used as a key raw material in the production of curing agents for special epoxy hardeners and epoxy resins Construction sector Laminating industry Substitute Automobile For cementing floors exposed to chemical attack For reducing brittleness and improving the flexibility of the laminates As a substitute for linseed oil in the manufacture of foundry core oil, which is used as a binder in the foundry Auto brake lining

Current applications are generally characterized by low added value

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International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

Helmet for U.S. firefighter

Pipe reinforced with jute fibers

Bamboo fibers reinforced roof laminate

Bathroom sink made of cardanol based resins and quartz

Composite material reinforced with carbon fibers and cardanol based resins

Pultruted composite rebars for concrete reinforcement

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International Centre for Science and High Technology

United Nations Industrial Development Organization
High Technology and New Materials

A real sustainable development needs products with lighter Ecological Footprint. The lower Global warming potential (GWP), the lighter the Ecological Footprint

Polyol Petrol polyol Soy polyol Polyol from Cashew nuts

GWP (kg CO2) 4,10 - 1,40 - 5,91

If we substitute 1 ton of petrol polyol with Polyol from Cashew nuts, we save 5,91 ton of CO2, equivalent to:
q q

the emission of 1 person flying from Brazil to Italy and back the emission of 30.000 km driving by car

Global warming potential (GWP) is a relative measure of how much heat a greenhouse gas traps in the atmosphere. It compares the amount of heat trapped by a certain mass of the gas in question to the amount heat trapped by a similar mass of carbon dioxide. A GWP is calculated over a specific time interval, commonly 20, 100 or 500 years. GWP is expressed as a factor of carbon dioxide (whose GMP is standardized to 1). For example, the 20 year GWP of Methane is 56, which means if the same weights of Methane and carbon dioxide were introduced into the atmosphere, that Methane will trap 56 times more heat than the carbon dioxide over the next 20 years.

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