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SURDS

A surd is an irrational number in root form that cannot be simplified to remove the root. Conjugate surds are pairs of binomial surds with opposite signs, and rationalizing factors are numbers that, when multiplied by a surd, yield a rational number. Square roots can be classified into rational (perfect squares) and irrational (non-perfect squares or surds).

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130 views2 pages

SURDS

A surd is an irrational number in root form that cannot be simplified to remove the root. Conjugate surds are pairs of binomial surds with opposite signs, and rationalizing factors are numbers that, when multiplied by a surd, yield a rational number. Square roots can be classified into rational (perfect squares) and irrational (non-perfect squares or surds).

Uploaded by

Siriki Rohan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SURDS

 A surd is an irrational number that is expressed in root form and cannot


be simplified to remove the root completely. In other words, a surd is a non-
perfect root of a number.
 Every surd is an irrational number, but π is only an rational number, not an
surd.
TYPES OF SURDS (BASED ON ORDER)

TYPES OF SURDS (BASED ON TERMS)

CONJUGATE SURDS
 A conjugate surd is a pair of binomial surds where the two terms have the
same numbers but opposite signs between them.
 If a surd is a + √b, then its conjugate is a - √b.
 To find the conjugate surds (factorisation) – (a + √b)( a - √b)=a²- b.
 The answer of factorisation should always be a rational number.
RATIONALISING FACTOR
 A rationalizing factor of a surd is a number that, when multiplied by the
given surd, removes the radical (makes the result a rational number).
 If the product of two surds is a rational number, then each surd is called
rationalizing factor of the other.
 Rationalising factor of a surd is not unique.
 A surd may have infinite number of rationalising factors.
SQUARE ROOTS
 A square root is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original
number. In the context of surds, square roots can be classified into two
types:
1. Rational Square Roots – These result in a rational number.

-A square root is rational if the number inside the root is a perfect


square.
-These are not surds because they simplify to rational numbers.
2.Irrational Square Roots (Surds) – These result in an irrational number that
cannot be simplified further.
-A square root is a surd if the number inside the root is not a perfect square,
meaning it cannot be simplified into a rational number.
-These are surds because they remain in root form.

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