hence 2=ves 7s1260:t
2'=+X¢i X¢=l123-25 =150h
X=122.47 2
Also, =(22.47
21yC
or
C=
2x3.142x50x122.47 =25.987 xI0* E
6. Acoil of resistmmoe 00
Q, an inductor of 0,5 Handa capacitor of 15 uR
in serie with a 00 V-SO Hz AC
source. Calculate the current in are counete
the circuit,
Solation: Givca: R= l00Q, L=05 H, C=15 uF =15x10 F,
=200V, f= 50 Hz
Induced reactance is given by,
1 1
Ca 2C 2x3.14x50x15x10 =212.2 Q
X,=lo=2yfL =2x3.14x 50 x0.5
K =157.1Q
Impedance ofa series LCR circuit is given by,
Z=+-X} =o0) +(157.1-212.1)° =114.1 o
Current hrough dhe cicit is givea by,
I00
Lm-17524
1. In hedreuit s hewa ln
he
angle betwean voltage andcurnt? (givenimpedance of the circuit. What is the phase
V= 220V, f= 50 Hz)
0.02{ 2000uF 20Q
Solution: 20V0 Hz, L=2xle KC=2000 pLF =2x1o° F R= 20 2
23c Suer CompanienvQ-Bont
Alternetng Curent
I n d u c t i v er e a c t a n c e
X= 2yfL
=2 x 3.14 x 50 x 2 x103
= 6.28 Q
Capacitive reactance,
1
Xç=
ZryL, 2x3.14x50>x2x1o1.520
Impedance offthe circuit is given by,
Z=JR +(X,-X}
Z=J10+ (6.28-1.592) =11.04 Q
Phase angle between voltage and current is given by
¢= tan
100 Q-resistor is connected to a 220 V, 50 Hz ac suppy
a) What is the rms value of the current in the circuit?
(b) What isthe net power consumed over a full cycle?
Solution: R= 1002, v =220 V,f= 50 Hz
ms 220
-=2.20A
R 100:.
P=R=(2:2)' x100 =484 W.
9. A44 mH inductor is connected to a 220 V, 50Hz ac suppy. Deternine t h e e
and peak value of the current in the circuit. (NCEK)aly 2014)
Solution: Given : L= 44 x 10Hv =220 V,f-50 Hz
X=21fL =2 x 3.14 x50 x44 x 10 2
ie., X=13.852 2
220
-=15.9A .
X, 13.825
4=V2iR=1414x15.9 =22.48A
Super Compeni Q-Bank
Physies (l PUC)
10. A60
uF
0T the capacitor is connected to a 110V, 60Hz, ac supply. Determine
thhe rmS V
current in the circuit.
Solution: Given : C=60 x10
F, vms =110V,f= 60 Hz
1
X= 2rC 2x3.142 x50 x60 x10*
ie.,
X= 53.04Q
ms
110
-=2.074A
rms
S3.04
11. Obtain the
resonant frequency of aseries LCR circuit with L= 2.0 H.
and R= 10Q. What is the 0 - value of this circuit? C=321
1
(NCERT
Solution:
o, JLC
V2x32x10 rad s
Q= 125.0 rads-1
w.k. that 'Q factor Q=
125x10x 32 X10
= 25
12. A charged 30 uF capacitor is connected in
series to a
angular frequency of free oscillations of the circuit? 27mH inductor. What is the
Solution: Given : C=30 x 10-6 F, L= 27 x103H ty NCERT)
We know that, rads
VLC
N27x10x3x105ads
=1| x 10 rad s-!
24 Super Companion Q-Bank
Alternating Curent
series LCR circuit with R= 202, L = 1.5 H, and C = 35 uF is connected to a
A
13. variable frequency 200 Vac supply. When the frequency of the supply equals the
natural frequency of the circuit, what is the. average power transferred to the circuit
in one complete
cycle? (NCERT)
Solution: Given : R= 20 2, L= 1.5H, C=35R 104F,V= 200 V,f=fo p=?
At resonance Z=R
ms 200
rms R -=10A
20
Power factor of a series RLC at resonance cos =1
Average power transferred to the circuit in one complete cycle,
=m V COS rms
= 10 x 200 x 1
= 2000W
= 2.0 kW
a 240V, 50Hz ac
14 A coil of inductance 0.50 H, and resistance 10092 is connected to
supply.
(a) What is the maximum current in the coil?
maximum?
(b) What is the time lag between the voltage maximum and the current
(NCERT)
Solution: (a) Given :L=0.50 H, R= 100 W, v =240 V,f= 50 Hz.
We know that X, = 2r/L =2 x 3.142 x 50 x 0.5 = 157.1 2.
Impedance Z-/R°+XË
- Ja00j'+(157.1
= J10000 + 24680.41
z= 186.2
ms
240
0,ms 186.2
A
=1.289As 1.29A
and i= V2i =1414 x 1.289 =1.82A
Tms
Super ompaniomQ-Bank 241|
Phyies (u PUC)
X 157.1 =1.571
(b) tan 100
R
57,5°
i.e., rad
180
i.e.,
ele 57.5° = 51.5Xrad
180
or
rad
0.319 where, o = 2rf= 0.319r
0.319-=3.19x10's
i.e., 2x50
t=3.19 ms
resistance is connected
to a'110 , 60 H
in series with a 40 2
15. A 100pF capacitor
supply. current in the çircuit?
maxim um
(a) What is the maximum and the
voltage maximum?
between current (NCERT)
(b) What is the time lag
Solution:
10,R=40 2, V =110V,f= 50 Hz
(a) Given C= 100 x 105=
1 -= 26.529
using 2x3.142 x60 X10
and Z= /R'+X -(40)'-+(26.52)'
i.e., Z= J1600+703.44 48.0S2
1414x110
=3.24A
Z 48
X¢ 26.52 =0.6630
(b) tan = R 40
i.e., =33°32' 32.53° 32.5°
242 Super Companion Q-Bank
Alternating Current
Phase angle = o, O= 27 x 60 = 120 n
32.537
0 180x 2x60
iie., t=1.50 x 10-3 s
i.e., t= 1.50 ms
circuit containing an inductor of 80mH inductance and a capacitor of 60 uF
A
16. capacitance in series, is connected to a 230V, 50Hz supply. The resistance of the
circuit is negligible.
(a) Obtain the current amplitude and r.ms value.
(bì Obtain the r.m.s values of potential drop across each element.
(c) What is the average power transferred. to the inductor?
(d) What is the average power transferred to the capacitor?
(averaged over one
(e) What is the total average power absorbed by the circuit (NCERT)
complete cycle)?
Calution: Given : L= 80 x 10H, C= 60 x 106F, v =230 V, f= 50 Hz, R =0.
Using, X, =2rfL=2 x 3.142 x 50 x 8 x 102
we get, X, = 25.14 2
1 1
2r/C 2x3.142 x 50 x6x105
and
i.., X=53.04 2
Effective reactance = 53.04- 25.14 = 27.9 Q
Z= Xe- X, = 27,9 2
ns
(a) ms
230
27.9
= 8.24 A
Current amplitude i, = 1:414 x 8.24 = 11.66 ~11.7A
Super Companion Q-Bank. 243
Physics (ll PUC)
(b) V, -i X,
=8.24 x 25.14 V
=207.1 V
VCrms
= 8.24 x 53.04 V
= 437.0 V!
R
= 8.24 x0
=0
(c) P.=0
=90° between v, and i
(d) Pe0
=90° between v and i
(e) Total power absorbed = 0 "R=0
17. Apower transmission line feeds input power at 2300V to a step down transformer
with its primary windings having 4000 turns. What should be the number of turns in
the secondary in order to get the output power at 230V? For anefficiency of 0.70,
calculate the rms value of the primary current when rms value of the secondary
current is 5A.
(NCERT)
Solution: Vpms = 2300 V, N, = 4000, N, =? Srms = 230 V
By definition, transformer turns ratio,
T= N,Y
230x 4000
N,= = 400
2300
Number of turns = 400
Efficiency, Vhx100
244 Super Companion Q-Bane
Aternating Current
0.7 = 230 x5
i.e., 2300 xi,
230x5
Thus 2300 x 0.7
-=0.714A
18. At a
hydroelectric power plant, the water pressure head is at a height of 300 mand
the water
flow available is 100 m's. If the turbine generator efficiency is 60%,
etimate the electric power available from the plant (g = 9.8 ms). (NCERT)
V
Solution:h=300 m, -= 100 m² s', n =0.6, g=9.8ms-²
Power =.mgh_ Vpgh p=mN,m=Vp
0.6Vpgh 100 x 10 x 9.8 x 300
Atan efficiency of0.6,power available will be = =0.6 x
= 17.64 x 107 W
. Power available is 176.4 MW.
inductance 3H, a resistor of
19. A series LRC circuit comprising of an inductor of
connected to an a.c
resistance 7.4 2 and a capacitor of capacitance 27 uF. When
angular resonant
source, the circuit resonates at a particular frequency. Calculate (March 2014)
frequency and quality factor of the resonant circuit.
Solution : Given, L=3H, R=7.4 Q, and C= 27uF.
1
Angular resonant frequency
V3x27x106
@, =0.1111×10° rad s!
Or Q, =111.1rads-!
Quality factor ofresonantcircuit, Q= R
111.1x3
7.4
ie., Q=45.01.
Super Companion Q-Bank 245
Physies (ll PUC).
20. Asinusoidal voltage of peak vale 283V and frequency 50Hz is applied
LCR circuit in which R= 30. L= 25.48 mH and C=786 u>.
Find: (a) Impedance of the circuit.
(b) The phase difference between the voltage across the source and the curTeNt
(c) The power factor. (March 201
Soln. Similar to problem 9on Page No. 268.
Given R =39, L= 25.48 x 10H,C= 786 x 10F
f= 50Hz, V, 283V
peak
We know that X, =2nfL= 2x3.142x50× 25.48 x10*2
i.e. X, = 8.0002 8SQ
1 1
and Xe =
2rfC 2x3.142 X50X 786X10
1
ie.
3.142x7.86 x10 0.24696
ie. X, =4.049 S2 4Q
Hence X, -X, =8-4 =42
(a) We know that impedance of the circuit,
|-R'+(X,-x
i.e. Z= J3+4 =52
(b) tan o= X,. R- Xe4
==1.3333
3
=53.10 or 53°6
R 3
(c) Power factor cos = Z =0.6
Hence reactance of the circuit =42, impedance of the circuit =SQ, phase angle between
Vand I is 53°6' and power factor of the circuit =0,6.
246 Super Companion Q-Bank
