Ajayi Crowther University – Part-Time Programme
Department of Computer Sciences
Course Code: CSC4143
Course Title: Project Management
Semester: Second
Session: 2024/2025
Credit / Units: 2
Time Allowed: 2 Hours
Instruction: Answer Question 1 and any other TWO.
Question 1 (30 Marks)
a) What is a project? What is project management?
Answer: A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.
Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to
meet project requirements efficiently.
b) List the characteristics of a project and explain any five.
Answer: Characteristics include: 1. Temporary – Has a definite beginning and end. 2. Unique Output –
Delivers a one-of-a-kind product or service. 3. Progressive Elaboration – Develops in steps and continues
by gaining details. 4. Resource Constraints – Operates under limited resources. 5. Cross-functional –
Requires input from different departments.
c) Explain the following:
- A program: A collection of related projects managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits not available
from managing them individually. - A portfolio: A group of programs, projects, and operations managed
collectively to achieve strategic objectives. - Program management: The coordinated management of a
program to achieve its objectives and benefits. - Portfolio management: Focuses on aligning projects and
programs with organizational strategy.
d) Classification of projects: Projects can be classified by: - Characteristics: Size, complexity, budget. - Type:
IT, construction, marketing, research, etc.
e) Three conditions for project termination: 1. Project objectives are met. 2. Project is cancelled due to lack
of resources or stakeholder support. 3. External changes render the project irrelevant.
f) Who is a project stakeholder?
Answer: A project stakeholder is any individual or organization affected by or can affect the project’s
outcome, e.g., clients, team members, sponsors.
Question 2 (20 Marks)
a) Explain the following terms: - Scope creep: Uncontrolled changes or continuous growth in a project’s
scope. - Effort creep: Increase in the effort required due to inefficient use of resources. - Hope creep: Team
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members report being on schedule when they are not. - Feature creep: Continuous addition of new
features beyond initial requirements.
b) Factors characterizing challenging project environments: - Complex stakeholder needs - Rapid
technological changes - Budget and resource constraints - Regulatory/legal compliance - Communication
challenges
c) Project Management Knowledge Areas: - Cost Management: Planning and controlling the project
budget. - Quality Management: Ensuring that the project meets required standards. - Resource
Management: Efficient use of human and physical resources.
Question 3 (20 Marks)
a) What do you understand as PMI and PMBOK?
Answer: - PMI (Project Management Institute): A global professional organization for project managers. -
PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge): A guide containing standard terminology and
guidelines for project management.
b) PMBOK five project management process groups: 1. Initiating 2. Planning 3. Executing 4. Monitoring and
Controlling 5. Closing
c) Knowledge Areas: - Integration Management: Unifies all project elements. - Scope Management:
Ensures project includes only the work required. - Schedule Management: Timely completion of the
project.
Question 4 (20 Marks)
a) Project Management Life Cycle (PMLC): It represents the series of phases a project passes through from
initiation to closure: Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitoring & Control, and Closure.
b) Six basic questions for all project methodologies: 1. What is to be done? 2. When will it be done? 3. Who
will do it? 4. How much will it cost? 5. What are the risks? 6. How will quality be ensured?
c) Project Charter vs Business Case: - Project Charter: Authorizes the existence of a project. - Business
Case: Justifies why the project is needed.
Question 5 (20 Marks)
a) Process in project management: A process is a set of interrelated actions and activities performed to
achieve a specific product, result, or service. It consists of: 1. Inputs 2. Tools & Techniques 3. Outputs
b) Terms: - Deliverable: A unique product or result produced by the project. - Enterprise environmental
factors: Internal or external factors influencing project success. - Organizational process assets: Policies,
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procedures, and knowledge bases. - Project phase: A stage in the project life cycle. - Phase gate: Review
points between phases. - Project management process: Activities performed to manage a project. -
Progressive elaboration: Developing in increasing detail. - Knowledge database repository: Centralized
storage of project data.
c) Five internal enterprise environmental factors: 1. Company culture 2. Organizational structure 3. Internal
political climate 4. Resource availability 5. Infrastructure (hardware, software)
Question 6 (20 Marks)
a) Terms: - Communication Management: Ensures timely and appropriate project information flow. - Risk
Management: Identifies and mitigates project risks. - Stakeholder Management: Ensures stakeholder
needs and expectations are met.
b) Five constraints on every project: 1. Scope 2. Time 3. Cost 4. Quality 5. Risk
c) Five external enterprise environmental factors: 1. Market conditions 2. Legal regulations 3. Industry
standards 4. Cultural influences 5. Economic environment
d) Procurement Management: It involves acquiring goods and services from external sources. Processes
include: 1. Plan Procurement 2. Conduct Procurement 3. Control Procurement 4. Close Procurement
