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Notes. Crop Improvement

The document discusses crop improvement techniques, focusing on hybridization, which involves cross breeding plants or animals to enhance desirable traits. It explains concepts like heterosis, open pollination, and controlled pollination, as well as different types of plant hybrids including single cross, double cross, and three-way hybrids. These methods aim to produce crops with improved qualities such as size, yield, and disease resistance.

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200 views2 pages

Notes. Crop Improvement

The document discusses crop improvement techniques, focusing on hybridization, which involves cross breeding plants or animals to enhance desirable traits. It explains concepts like heterosis, open pollination, and controlled pollination, as well as different types of plant hybrids including single cross, double cross, and three-way hybrids. These methods aim to produce crops with improved qualities such as size, yield, and disease resistance.

Uploaded by

gondakupakwashe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CROP IMPROVEMENT

01. Hybrid
 Is a plant or animal produced by cross breeding parents who are not closely related
 A hybrid offspring have characteristics of both parents
 Cross breeding improves crops as it produces plants with better qualities such as size, yield,
growth rate, disease resistance etc
02. Heterosis
 Is a situation when offspring performs above average of either of parents
 It is also known as hybrid vigour
 Crossing parents drops inferior traits while combining desirable ones
03. Open pollination
 Is when plants pollinate and reproduce naturally without human interference
 It allows both self and cross pollination
04. Controlled pollination
 Pollination that is controlled by human beings
 Eg 1: removing or covering the male flowers of undesirable plant
 Eg 2: covering stigma of undesirable flower

05. Types of plant hybrids

A. Single cross hybrid

Pure bred A X Pure bred B

AB Single cross hybrid

B. Double cross hybrid

Single cross AB X Single cross CD

AB CD Double cross hybrid

C. Three way hybrid

Double cross hybrid ABCD X Single cross hybrid EF

ABCDEF tri-hybrid
(three way cross)

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