Cardinal numbers
0 zero
1 one
2 two 20 twenty
3 three 30 thirty
4 four 40 forty (there is no "u")
5 five 50 fifty
6 six 60 sixty
7 seven 70 seventy
8 eight 80 eighty (there is only one "t")
9 nine 90 ninety
10 ten
11 eleven
12 twelve
13 thirteen
14 fourteen
15 fifteen
16 sixteen
17 seventeen
18 eighteen (there is only one "t")
19 nineteen
If a number is in the range 21 to 99, and the second digit is not zero, you write the number as two words separated
by a hyphen.
21 twenty-one
25 twenty-five
32 thirty-two
58 fifty-eight
64 sixty-four
79 seventy-nine
83 eighty-three
99 ninety-nine
In English, the hundreds are perfectly regular.
100 one hundred
200 two hundred
300 three hundred
400 four hundred
500 five hundred
600 six hundred
700 seven hundred
800 eight hundred
900 nine hundred
So are the thousands, up to nine thousand.
1,000 one thousand
2,000 two thousand
3,000 three thousand
4,000 four thousand
5,000 five thousand
6,000 six thousand
7,000 seven thousand
8,000 eight thousand
9,000 nine thousand
Starting with 10,000, the numbers become difficult.
10,000 ten thousand
11,000 eleven thousand
12,000 twelve thousand
13,000 thirteen thousand
14,000 fourteen thousand
15,000 fifteen thousand
16,000 sixteen thousand
17,000 seventeen thousand
18,000 eighteen thousand
19,000 nineteen thousand
20,000 twenty thousand
21,000 twenty-one thousand
30,000 thirty thousand
85,000 eighty-five thousand
100,000 one hundred thousand
999,000 nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand
1,000,000 one million
In informal English, people very rarely name exact numbers larger than one million, except for dramatic effect.
There is more than one way of forming intermediate numbers. One way is for when you are counting something.
Another way is for when you are using numbers as labels.
"How many marbles do you have?" "What is your house number?"
"One-oh-one."
101 "A hundred and one."
Here, "oh" is used for the digit zero.
109 "A hundred and nine." "One-oh-nine."
110 "A hundred and ten." "One-ten."
117 "A hundred and seventeen." "One-seventeen."
120 "A hundred and twenty." "One-twenty."
152 "A hundred and fifty-two." "One-fifty-two."
208 "Two hundred and eight." "Two-oh-eight."
334 "Three hundred and thirty-four." "Three-thirty-four."
NOTE: When writing a check:
The number 100 is always written "one hundred". It is never "a hundred".
Here are some approximate large numbers in English:
Quantity Written Pronounced
1,200,000 1.2 million one point two million
3,000,000 3 million three million
250,000,000 250 million two hundred and fifty million
1,000,000,000 1 billion one billion (a billion is 1000 times 1 million)
6,400,000,000 6.4 billion six point four billion
1,000,000,000,000 1 trillion one trillion (a trillion is 1 million times 1 million)
Ordinal numbers
Here are some ordinal numbers.
0th zeroth (very rarely used)
1st first
2nd second 20th twentieth
3rd third 30th thirtieth
4th fourth 40th fortieth
5th fifth 50th fiftieth
6th sixth 60th sixtieth
7th seventh 70th seventieth
8th eighth (only one "t") 80th eightieth
9th ninth (note spelling) 90th ninetieth
10th tenth
11th eleventh
12th twelfth (note spelling)
13th thirteenth
14th fourteenth
15th fifteenth
16th sixteenth
17th seventeenth
18th eighteenth
19th nineteenth
Ordinal numbers such as 21st, 33rd, are formed by combining a CARDINAL ten with an ORDINAL unit.
21st twenty-first
25th twenty-fifth
32nd thirty-second
58th fifty-eighth
64th sixty-fourth
79th seventy-ninth
83rd eighty-third
99th ninety-ninth
Higher ordinals usually are not written in words. They are written using digits and letters, as described below. Here
are some rules you should remember. If you are Japanese, please read this.
If the tens' digit of a number is 1, then write "th" after the number. For example: 13th, 19th, 112th, 9311th.
If the tens' digit is NOT equal to 1, then use the following table:
If the units' digit is: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
write this after the number th st nd rd th th th th th th
For example, 2nd, 7th, 20th, 23rd, 52nd, 135th, 301st.
Dates
Years before 2000 are read as follows:
1066 ten sixty-six
1492 fourteen ninety-two
1500 fifteen hundred
1502 fifteen oh two (note the "oh" for zero)
1776 seventeen seventy-six
1990 nineteen ninety
The year 2000 is read "two thousand".
Years after 2000 have no set system as of yet for expressing them. I call the year 2003 "two thousand and three".
Note that years are NEVER read as ordinal numbers!!
Dates usually do not use "st", "nd", etc., after the day of the month; however, it is always pronounced with the "st"
or whatever.
Examples:
I am writing this example on Jan. 2, 2003 (January second, two thousand and three).
The Twin Towers were destroyed on Sept. 11, 2001 (September eleventh, two thousand and one).
Fractions and decimals
Here are some common fractions:
1/16 one-sixteenth
1/10 or 0.1 one-tenth
1/8 one-eighth
2/10 or 0.2 two-tenths
1/4 one-quarter or one-fourth
3/10 or 0.3 three-tenths
1/3 one-third
3/8 three-eighths
4/10 or 0.4 four-tenths
1/2 one-half
6/10 or 0.6 six-tenths
5/8 five-eighths
2/3 two-thirds
7/10 or 0.7 seven-tenths
3/4 three-quarters or three-fourths
8/10 or 0.8 eight-tenths
7/8 seven-eighths
9/10 or 0.9 nine-tenths
15/16 fifteen-sixteenths
Numbers with a decimal point are usually read as a whole number, then "point", then digits.
For example:
0.002 is "zero point zero zero two"
3.1416 is "three point one four one six"
99.3 is "ninety-nine point three" (notice I used the word "ninety")
Fractions together with an integer are read as follows:
1 1/2 is "one and a half"
6 1/4 is read as "six and a quarter"
7 5/8 is "seven and five eighths"