REVIEW UNIT 4: INVENTIONS

🕓 4.2 – Thì Quá Khứ Đơn (Past Simple) – Ôn tập

✅ 1. Cách dùng thì quá khứ đơn
Thì quá khứ đơn được dùng để nói về hành động đã xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định
trong quá khứ.

📍 2. Dấu hiệu nhận biết

Có hai loại mốc thời gian:

⏰ (1) Thời điểm xác định cụ thể (a definite point in time):

●​ in 2020, last week, yesterday, a month ago​

📝 Ví dụ:​
👉 In 2014, Asimo played football with a US president.​
(→ Năm 2014, Asimo đã chơi bóng với một tổng thống Hoa Kỳ.)

⏳ (2) Thời điểm không cụ thể (an indefinite point in time):

●​ when she was a child, a long time ago, the other day​

📝 Ví dụ:​
👉 Scientists created Asimo a long time ago to help people in need.​
(→ Các nhà khoa học đã tạo ra Asimo từ rất lâu để giúp đỡ những người cần giúp đỡ.)

🔧 3. Cấu tạo động từ trong quá khứ đơn

🔹 Động từ có quy tắc (Regular verbs):
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📝
➤ Thêm -ed, -d hoặc -ied vào cuối động từ.​
Ví dụ: started, created, carried

🔹 Động từ bất quy tắc (Irregular verbs):

➤ Không theo quy tắc nào và cần học thuộc lòng.

2. Dạng thức của quá khứ đơn.

a. Với động từ “to be” (was/were)
Thể khẳng định Thể phủ định
I/He/She/It Was + danh từ/tính từ Was not/wasn’t + danh từ/tính
Danh từ số ít từ
You/We/They Were + danh từ/tính từ Were not/weren’t + danh
Danh từ số nhiều từ/tính từ
Ví dụ: Ví dụ:
-He was tired. (Anh ấy đã rất -He wasn’t at school
mệt.) yesterday.( Hôm qua anh ấy
-They were in the room.( Họ đã không ở trường.)
ở trong phòng.) -They weren’t in the park.(Họ
không ở trong công viên.)

Thể nghi vấn Câu trả lời ngắn

Was + I/He/She/It + danh từ/tính từ Yes ( No ) +I/She/He/It + was
Danh từ số ít (wasn’t)
Were + You/We/They Yes (No) + You/We/They +
Danh từ số nhiều were (weren’t)

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 Ví dụ:
-Were they tired yesterday? (
Hôm qua họ đã mệt phải
không?
​ Yes, they were/No,
they weren’t.

-Was he at home?
​ Yes, he was/No, he
wasn’t

Lưu ý:
Khi chủ ngữ câu hỏi là “you” (bạn) thì câu trả lời phải dùng “I” (tôi) để đáp lại.

b.Với động từ thường (Verbs/V)

Thể khẳng định Thể phủ định
I/You/We/They + V-ed I/You/We/They +did not/didn’t +
Danh từ số nhiều Danh từ số nhiều V nguyên mẫu
He/She/It He/She/It
Danh từ số ít Danh từ số ít
Ví dụ: Ví dụ:
-She went to school yesterday.( Hôm -My mum didn’t buy me a
qua cô ấy đã đi học.) computer last year. ( Mẹ
-He worked in this bank last year.( tôi đã không mua cho tôi
Năm ngoái anh ấy đã làm việc ở máy tính mới năm ngoái.)
ngân hàng.) -He didn’t meet me last
night.( Anh ấy không gặp
tôi tối qua.)

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 -Mr. Nam didn’t watch
TV with me.(Ông Nam đã
không xem TV với tôi.)

Thể nghi vấn Câu trả lời ngắn

Did I/You/We/They +V nguyên Yes I/You/We/They/Danh từ Did.
Danh từ số nhiều mẫu? số nhiều
He/She/It
Danh từ số ít No He/She/It/Danh từ số ít Didn’t
Ví dụ:
-Did she work there?( Có phải cô ấy làm việc ở đó không?)
Yes she did/No she didn’t
-Did you go to Hanoi last month? ( Có phải bạn đi Hà Nội tháng trước không?)
Yes, I did/No, I didn’t

c.Wh-question
​ Khi đặt câu hỏi có chứa Wh-word ( từ để hỏi) như Who, What, When, Where,
Why, Which, How, ta đặt chúng lên đầu câu. Tuy nhiên khi trả lời cho dạng câu hỏi này,
ta không dùng Yes/No mà cần đưa ra câu trả lời trực tiếp.
Cấu trúc:
Wh-word + was/were + S? Wh-word + did + S + V?
Ví dụ: Ví dụ:
-Where were they? (Họ đã ở đâu thế?) -What did Ba do at the weekend? (Ba đã làm gì
-They were in the playground. (Họ ở trong vào cuối tuần?)
sân chơi.) -He studied English. (Cậu ấy học tiếng Anh.)

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3. Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- Trong câu ở thì quá khứ đơn thường có sự xuất hiện của các trạng từ chỉ thời gian như:
-yesterday (hôm qua)
-last night/week/month/…(Tối qua/tuần trước/tháng trước/…)
-ago (cách đây), (two hours ago: cách đây 2 giờ/two weeks ago: cách đây hai tuần…)
-in + thời gian trong quá khứ (eg:in 1990)
-when: khi (trong câu kể)
Ex: When I was a kid, I usually went fishing
- Những khoảng thời gian đã qua trong ngày (today, this morning, this afternoon).
Ex : I went to school this morning, and this afternoon I hung out with my friends in the
park.

Bài 1: Cho dạng đúng của từ trong ngoặc ở thì quá khứ đơn:

1. Yesterday, I (go) ………. to the restaurant with a client.

2. We (drive) ……….around the parking lot for 20 minutes to find a parking space.
3. When he (arrive) ……….at the restaurant, the place (be) ……….full.
4. The waitress (ask) ……….us if we (have) ……….reservations.
5. I (say) ……….that he would come.
6. The waiter (tell) ……….us to come back in to hours.
7. My client and I slowly (walk) ……….back to the car.
8. We (stop) ………. at the grocery store and (buy) ……….some cakes.
9. My sister (get) ……….married last month.
10. Daisy (come) ……….to her grandparents’ house 3 days ago.
11. My computer (be) ……….broken yesterday.
12. He (buy) ……….me a big teddy bear on my birthday last week.
13. My friend (give) ……….me a bar of chocolate when I (be) ……….at school
yesterday.
14. My children (not do) ……….their homework last night.

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15. You (live) ……….here five years ago?
16. They (watch) ……….TV late at night yesterday.
17. (Be) ……….your friend at your house last weekend?
18. They (not be) ……….excited about the film last night.
19. Where (spend/you) ……….your last holiday?
20. I (visit) ……….lots of interesting places. I (be) ……….with two friends of mine.

Bài 2: Chia các động từ các câu sau ở hiện tại đơn hoặc quá khứ đơn:
1. She……….……….(go) to Australia in 1994 and she liked it very much.
2. My father usually……….……….(like) his steak well-done.
3. The dog……….……….(eat) its toy last night.
4. The policeman……….……….(talk) to the burglar yesterday.
5. ……….……….(you/have) a test last week?
6. I often see her mother but she never……….……….(speak) to me.
7. The gentleman……….……….(speak) to his servant 2 hours ago.
8. The kangaroo always……….……….(carry) its baby.
9. My friend……….……….(talk) a lot everyday.
10. The man……….……….(drive) to the supermarket last weekend.
11. My brothers……….……….(leave) for England last week.
12. My sisters……….……….(leave) for Endlang every year in June.
13. I don’t like that man because he often ……….……….(laugh) at me.
14. Her sister never……….……….(smoke).
15. The cats usually……….……….(leave) its basket when it is hungry.
16. Mrs.Trang (teach) ……….……….us English last year.
17. Daisy (wear) ……….……….a very beautiful dress last night.
18. Nhung (write) ……….……….to her grandparents very often last year.
19. The teacher usually (give) ……….……….the students a lot of homework on the
weekend.

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Ex 3: Chia động từ thì hiện tại đơn, hiện tại tiếp diễn, quá khứ đơn, hiện tại hoàn
thành

1.​ My dad ______ many countries, but he hasn’t been to China.​

A. visited B. visits C. has visited D. is visiting​

2.​ She usually ______ breakfast at 7 a.m.​

A. is having B. has C. had D. have​

3.​ They ______ football in the yard right now.​

A. play B. are playing C. played D. have played​

4.​ I ______ my homework yesterday evening.​

A. finish B. have finished C. finished D. am finishing​

5.​ We ______ each other since last summer.​

A. know B. knew C. have known D. are knowing​

6.​ ______ you ever ______ sushi?​

A. Did / eat B. Do / eat C. Have / eaten D. Are / eating​

7.​ He ______ TV right now. ​

A. watches B. watched C. was watching D. is watching​

8.​ She ______ to the cinema twice this week.​

A. goes B. has gone C. went D. is going​

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9.​ They ______ in London for 10 years. ​
A. live B. have lived C. lived D. are living​

10.​ Listen! Someone ______ at the door.​

A. knocks B. knocked C. is knocking D. has knocked​

11.​I usually ______ coffee in the morning, but today I’m drinking tea.​
A. drank B. drink C. am drinking D. have drunk​

12.​ She ______ her leg last week, so she can’t walk now.​
A. breaks B. broke C. has broken D. is breaking​

13.​ We ______ the project yet.​

A. don’t finish B. didn’t finish C. haven’t finished D. hasn’t finished​

14.​ He ______ home late every day.​

A. come B. comes C. came D. is coming​

15.​ They ______ English since they were 6 years old.​

A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. are learning​

16.​ My father _____ just ______ the car.​

A. wash B. washed C. has washed D. is washing​

17.​ Where ______ you last night?​

A. was B. were C. are D. have been​

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18.​ She _____ already ______ the book, so she doesn’t want to read it again.​
A. reads B. read C. has read D. is reading​

19.​ Look! The children ______ in the garden.​

A. play B. played C. are playing D. have played​

20.​ He ____never ______ to Japan before.​

A. was B. went C. has been D. is going
21.​I ______ just _____ to the beach. ​
A. go B. goes C. went D. have gone​

22.​She ______ her keys, so she can’t open the door.​

A. lost B. loses C. is losing D. has lost​

23.​They usually ______ to school by bus.​

A. are going B. went C. go D. have gone​

24.​We ______ already _____ dinner. ​

A. are having B. were having C. have D. have had​

25.​I ______ tennis with him twice this month.​

A. play B. played C. am playing D. have played​

26.​She ______ never ______ a ghost before.​

A. has / seen B. is / seeing C. was / seeing D. have / saw​

27.​He always ______ his homework in the evening.​

A. do B. does C. did D. has done​

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 28.​They ______ in this house since 2010.​
A. live B. lived C. are living D. have lived​

29.​What ______ you usually ______ at weekends?​

A. are / doing B. did / do C. do / do D. have / done​

30.​I ______ my best friend for many years.​

A. don’t see B. didn’t see C. haven’t seen D. am not seeing

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THÌ TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN (SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE)

I. Lý thuyết
1.​ Cấu trúc :
Thể khẳng định Thẻ phủ định
I/You/We/They I/You/We/They
Danh từ số nhiều + will + V nguyên Danh từ số nhiều
+ will not (won’t) +
He/She/It Danh mẫu He/She/It Danh
V nguyên mẫu
từ số ít ( will = ’ll) từ số ít
Ví dụ: Ví dụ:
I will visit Hue city.( Tôi sẽ đến thăm
She won’t forget him.( Cô ấy sẽ không
Huế)
quên anh ấy)
She will be fourteen years old on her next
birthday( Cô ấy sẽ 14 tuổi vào sinh nhật Hung will not go camping next week(
kế tiếp). Tuần tới Hùng sẽ không đi cắm trại)
They will come to the party next Sunday(
Chủ nhật tuần sau họ sẽ đến bữa tiệc) We won’t do some shopping tomorrow (
Ngày mai chúng tôi sẽ không đi mua
sắm)

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Thể nghi vấn Câu trả lời ngắn
I/You/We/They I/You/We/They
Danh từ số nhiều Yes, Danh từ số nhiều will
Will He/She/It + V nguyên He/She/It
Danh từ số ít mẫu No, Danh từ số ít won’t

Ví dụ:
-​ Will you go to Ha noi city next month?( Thangs sau cậu sẽ đi thành phố Hà
nội à?)
Yes, I will./ No, I won’t.
-​ Will she meet her boyfriend tonight?( Tối nay cô ấy sẽ gặp bạn trai à)
Yes, she will./ No, she won’t.
-​ Will they arrive here next week?( Tuần tới học sẽ đến đây à?)
Yes, they will./ No, they won’t.

2.​ Cách dùng

Cách dùng Ví dụ
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay sự -She’ll be back at 6p.m to night.(tối nay
việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai cô ấy sẽ trở về vào lúc 6h.)

-They will help me do this exercise (họ

sẽ giúp tôi làm bài tập này.)
Dùng để diễn tả một suy nghĩ,quyết định -I will drink water instead of milk.(tôi sẽ
ngay lúc nói uống nước thay cho sữa.)

Dùng để diễn tả một lời hứa -I promise I will come here tomorrow.(tôi
hứa tôi sẽ đến đây vào ngày mai.)

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 -He promises he will marry me.(anh ấy
hứa sẽ cưới tôi)
Dùng để diễn tả một lời đề nghị -Will you help me?

3. Các trạng từ đi kèm với thì tương lai đơn.

-Tomorrow (ngày mai)
– Tonight (tối nay)
– Someday, one day (một ngày nào đó)
– Soon (chẳng bao lâu, sớm)
– In the future (trong tương lai)
– In + time (tương lai ) Ex: In a few days (trong 1 vài ngày)
– Next + N Ex: next summer (mùa hè tới)

B. Bài tập
Ex1. Cho dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc:
1. They (do) ___________it for you tomorrow.
2. My father (call) ___________you in 5 minutes.
4. We believe that she (recover)___________ from her illness soon.
5. I promise I (return)___________ school on time.
6. If it rains, he (stay)___________ at home.
7. ___________You (take)___________ me to the zoo this weekend?
8. I think he (not come) ___________back his hometown.
9. I ___________(help) you with your homework.
10. She___________(be) here very soon.

Ex 2: Chia động từ trong ngoặc theo đúng thì: tương lai đơn, hiện tại đơn, hoặc hiện
tại tiếp diễn, hiện tại hoàn thành

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1.​ She usually ______ to school by bus.​
A. go B. goes C. went D. is going​

2.​ Look! The children ______ in the garden.​

A. play B. played C. are playing D. have played​

3.​ I ______ my grandparents last weekend.​

A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. visits​

4.​ We ______ dinner yet.​

A. have not had B. didn’t have C. had D. are not having​

5.​ They ______ in this city for 15 years.​

A. live B. lived C. are living D. have lived​

6.​ I ______ just ______ my homework.​

A. have / finished B. had / finished C. finish D. finished​

7.​ My father ______ to Japan twice.​

A. is going B. goes C. has gone D. went​

8.​ Don’t worry. I ______ help you with the exercise.​

A. will B. am going to C. would D. shall​

9.​ We ______ to the cinema tomorrow.​

A. go B. will go C. went D. have gone​

10.​ I ______ football every Sunday.​

A. play B. plays C. played D. have played​

11.​Yesterday she ______ very tired, so she went to bed early.​

A. is B. was C. has been D. were​

12.​ I can’t talk now. I ______ an English lesson.​

A. have B. had C. am having D. have had​

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13.​ They ______ never ______ that film before.​
A. are / seeing B. have / seen C. were / seeing D. has / saw​

14.​ My dad usually ______ TV in the evening.​

A. watch B. watched C. watches D. is watching​

15.​ We ______ to the museum last summer.​

A. go B. have gone C. went D. are going​

16.​ She ______ already ______ her breakfast.​

A. has / eaten B. have / eaten C. eats D. ate​

17.​ I promise I ______ call you as soon as I arrive.​

A. will B. shall C. am D. would​

18.​ Listen! Someone ______ at the door.​

A. knocks B. knocked C. is knocking D. has knocked​

19.​ He ______ English since he was ten.​

A. learns B. learned C. has learned D. is learning
20.​ Don’t worry, I ______ carry the bag for you.​
A. will B. am C. have D. do​

21.​ I’m sure she ______ pass the exam.​

A. passes B. will C. passed D. is passing​

22.​ They ______ arrive in Hanoi tomorrow morning.​

A. will B. are C. were D. have​

23.​ I think it ______ rain next week.​

A. will B. rains C. rained D. is​

24.​ ______ you help me with my homework?​

A. Do B. Did C. Will D. Have​

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 25.​ If you study hard, you ______ get better results.​
A. will B. are C. did D. have​

26.​ I promise I ______ call you tonight.​

A. called B. call C. will D. am​

27.​ She thinks her team ______ win the match tonight.​
A. wins B. won C. will D. has won​

28.​ Don’t worry about the tickets. I ______ buy them online.​
A. will B. am C. was D. have

Ex 3: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất để hoàn thành câu:

1.​ She usually __________ tea in the morning.​

A. is drinking B. drinks C. will drink D. drink​

2.​ Look! The cat __________ on the roof.​

A. sleeps B. will sleep C. is sleeping D. sleep​

3.​ I think it __________ tomorrow.​

A. rains B. is raining C. rain D. will rain​

4.​ They __________ TV every evening.​

A. are watching B. watch C. watched D. will watch​

5.​ Be quiet! The baby __________.​

A. sleeps B. will sleep C. is sleeping D. sleep​

6.​ We __________ our grandparents in 2026.​

A. visit B. visited C. are visiting D. will visit​

7.​ He sometimes __________ his homework at school.​

A. does B. is doing C. will do D. do​

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8.​ Listen! Someone __________ at the door.​
A. knocks B. knock C. is knocking D. will knock​

9.​ I’m not free now. I __________ dinner.​

A. cook B. am cooking C. will cook D. cooked​

10.​My dad __________ a new car soon.​

A. will buy B. buys C. are buying D. buy​

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 Lý thuyết: Multi-word verbs (Cụm động từ)

Multi-word verbs là những động từ gồm từ hai phần trở lên, thường là:

🔹 Động từ (verb) + Giới từ (preposition) hoặc Trạng từ (adverb)​

🔹 Chúng thường mang ý nghĩa đặc biệt, không thể đoán được chỉ bằng cách dịch từng
từ riêng lẻ.

Ví dụ:

●​ try out (thử nghiệm): He tried out the new game.​

●​ run back (chạy quay lại): She ran back to the house.

Bảng cụm động từ thông dụng

ST Cụm Nghĩa tiếng Ví dụ (English) Dịch tiếng Việt

T động từ Việt

1 try out thử, dùng thử, He tried out the new Anh ấy đã thử trò chơi
thử nghiệm game. mới.

2 put lắp ráp, ghép lại They put together a Họ lắp ráp một chiếc
together model airplane. máy bay mô hình.

3 run off bỏ chạy, chạy The thief ran off when Tên trộm bỏ chạy khi
trốn he saw the police. thấy cảnh sát.

4 pick up nhặt lên, thu She picked up the book Cô ấy nhặt cuốn sách
dọn from the floor. lên khỏi sàn.

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 5 put … up giơ lên, đưa lên He put his hand up to Anh ấy giơ tay lên để
ask a question. hỏi một câu hỏi.

6 run back chạy quay lại She ran back to the Cô ấy chạy trở lại ngôi
house. nhà.

7 run out hết, cạn kiệt We have run out of milk. Chúng tôi đã hết sữa.

8 get on lên (xe, tàu, He got on the bus Anh ấy nhanh chóng
máy bay...) quickly. lên xe buýt.

9 run after đuổi theo The dog ran after the Con chó chạy theo quả
ball. bóng.

10 try … on mặc thử (quần She tried on a new dress. Cô ấy mặc thử một
áo), thử đồ chiếc váy mới.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct words. Choose the words from the
box.

Word box:​
ran back – pick up – put together – put … up – ran off – try out – try … on – got on – ran
after – ran out

1.​ Can I __________ your new bike?​

2.​ My brother __________ a table. He made it from lots of pieces of wood.​

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 3.​ The thieves __________ after they stole the coat.​

4.​ I’m not very tidy – I never __________ my clothes from the floor.​

5.​ I hurt my finger and dad told me to __________ it __________ to the light so he
could check it.​

6.​ I forgot my bag, so I __________ to my house to get it.​

7.​ We’ve __________ of juice – we need to buy some more.​

8.​ The police officer __________ the thief, but he couldn’t catch him.​

9.​ A: Do you think those jeans will fit me?​

B: I don’t know. __________ them __________.​

10.​I __________ the bus and saw my friend sitting there!

Ex 2: Bài tập trắc nghiệm

1.​ He __________ a new computer game yesterday.​

A. tried out B. ran out C. picked up D. put up​

2.​ The thief __________ when he saw the police.​

A. put together B. ran off C. tried on D. got on​

3.​ She never __________ her clothes from the floor.​

A. picks up B. runs off C. tries out D. gets on​

4.​ We have __________ of milk, so we need to buy some more.​

A. run back B. run out C. put up D. got on​

5.​ He quickly __________ the bus before it left.​

A. picked up B. got on C. ran off D. tried out​

6.​ My brother __________ a wooden chair from old pieces of wood.​

A. ran after B. picked up C. put together D. tried on​

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7.​ The little boy __________ to his mother after the ball hit him.​
A. ran back B. picked up C. got on D. tried out​

8.​ Can you __________ your hand if you know the answer?​
A. put up B. try out C. pick up D. run back​

9.​ She __________ a beautiful red dress at the shop.​

A. tried on B. picked up C. ran off D. put together​

10.​The dog __________ the cat across the yard.​

A. got on B. ran after C. tried on D. put up​

11.​Let’s __________ the new app before we buy the premium version.​
A. pick up B. run out C. try out D. get on​

12.​I dropped my pen. Can you __________ it for me?​

A. put up B. pick up C. ran after D. try on​

13.​The children __________ to the house when it started raining.​

A. ran back B. tried out C. put together D. picked up​

14.​He __________ his hand to ask the teacher a question.​

A. ran off B. put up C. got on D. ran after​

15.​The bus was coming, so she quickly __________.​

A. tried out B. put together C. got on D. ran after​

16.​We __________ of bread this morning, so we had to eat rice.​

A. put up B. ran out C. tried on D. picked up​

17.​The tailor asked me to __________ the jacket to see if it fits.​

A. try on B. put up C. run back D. get on​

18.​They __________ a robot using recycled materials.​

A. picked up B. tried on C. put together D. ran off​

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19.​The policeman __________ the thief, but he was too fast.​
A. ran after B. tried out C. picked up D. got on​

20.​The dog barked, and the boy quickly __________ to the house.​
A. ran back B. picked up C. tried on D. put up
21.​After playing, the children usually __________ their toys from the floor.​
A. pick up B. run off C. put up D. try on​

22.​The thief quickly __________ after stealing the bag.​

A. ran off B. picked up C. put together D. got on​

23.​He __________ the old parts to make a new machine.​

A. put together B. ran back C. tried out D. picked up​

24.​I forgot my notebook, so I __________ home to get it.​

A. ran back B. picked up C. put up D. tried on​

25.​My sister asked me to __________ her dress to see if it was too long.​
A. try on B. get on C. run off D. put together​

26.​We need to buy more sugar because we’ve __________.​

A. run out B. ran back C. tried on D. picked up​

27.​The students __________ their hands when the teacher asked a question.​
A. put up B. ran after C. got on D. tried out​

28.​The policeman __________ the robber down the street.​

A. ran after B. put up C. tried on D. picked up​

29.​She wanted to __________ the new phone before deciding to buy it.​
A. try out B. ran back C. pick up D. get on​

30.​He was late, but luckily he __________ the train just in time.​
A. got on B. put together C. ran out D. tried out

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