Project 4: Volcano Model (Chemical Reaction)
Objective:
To demonstrate an acid–base reaction that releases carbon
dioxide gas.
Principle:
Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate – a base) reacts with vinegar
(acetic acid) to produce carbon dioxide gas, which escapes with
fizzing and bubbling, resembling a volcanic eruption.
Equation:
NaHCO₃ + CH₃COOH → CO₂ + H₂O + CH₃COONa
Materials Required:
Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)
Vinegar (acetic acid)
Red food color
Liquid detergent (for foaming)
Clay/thermocol volcano structure (hollow inside)
Small plastic bottle (to hold reaction mixture)
Procedure (Working):
1. Prepare a volcano shape using clay/thermocol, leaving
space inside for a small bottle.
2. Place the plastic bottle inside the volcano.
3. Add 2–3 spoonfuls of baking soda into the bottle.
4. Mix vinegar with red food color and detergent separately.
5. Pour the vinegar mixture into the bottle.
Observation:
The mixture fizzes vigorously, releasing CO₂ bubbles and red
foam, which comes out of the volcano like lava.
Result:
The project demonstrates how acid–base reactions release gases,
mimicking a volcanic eruption.
Project 4: Volcano Model
(Chemical Reaction)
Objective
To demonstrate an acid–base reaction that produces carbon
dioxide gas, resembling a volcanic eruption.
Principle
Baking soda (NaHCO₃) is a base.
Vinegar (CH₃COOH) is a weak acid.
When they react, they form carbon dioxide (CO₂), water,
and sodium acetate.
The carbon dioxide gas escapes with fizzing and bubbling,
creating foam that looks like lava coming out of a volcano.
Chemical Equation:
NaHCO3+CH3COOH → CO2+H2O+CH3COONaNaHCO₃ +
CH₃COOH \; \rightarrow \; CO₂ + H₂O + CH₃COONaNaHCO3
+CH3COOH→CO2+H2O+CH3COONa
Materials Required
Baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)
Vinegar (acetic acid)
Red food color (to look like lava)
Liquid detergent (for more foaming effect)
Clay/thermocol volcano model (with hollow space inside)
Small plastic bottle (to hold the reaction mixture)
Procedure (Working)
1. Prepare a volcano structure using clay or thermocol,
leaving space at the center for placing a bottle.
2. Put a small plastic bottle inside the volcano.
3. Add 2–3 spoonfuls of baking soda into the bottle.
4. In a separate cup, mix vinegar with red food color and a
few drops of detergent.
5. Pour the vinegar mixture into the bottle containing baking
soda.
Observation
As soon as vinegar is added, the mixture fizzes vigorously.
Red-colored foam mixed with bubbles flows out of the
volcano, mimicking lava eruption.
Result
This project demonstrates that an acid–base reaction releases
carbon dioxide gas. The escaping gas creates fizzing and
foaming, which looks like a volcanic eruption.