Title: Rickets Description: Rickets is a preventable bone disease of early childhood, caused by vitamin D deficiency.

It can lead to soft and weakened bones, fractures, bone and muscle pain, and bony deformities. Children with naturally dark skin or inadequate exposure to sunlight are most at risk. Other causes may be nutritional deficiencies and disorders of the liver, kidney or small intestine. Title: Sunshine and vitamin D Description: Some small amount of sun exposure is needed to keep us healthy. This is because we need vitamin D which is made by the action of sunlight (UVB rays) on the skin. Title: Osteomyelitis Description: Osteomyelitis means an infection of bone, which can either be acute or chronic. Bacteria are the usual infectious agents. Treatment options include antibiotics and surgery to remove the affected bone tissue. Title: Bone cancer Description: Bone cancer can be a primary cancer (starting in the bone) or a secondary cancer (starting in another part of the body and spreading to the bone). Treatment may include surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Title: Avascular necrosis (AVN, osteonecrosis, aseptic necrosis, ischemic necrosis, femoral head necrosis) Description: Avascular necrosis (AVN) is cellular death of the components of bone, including the bone marrow, due to the impairment of the bones own blood supply. In the early stages of avascular necrosis, there are no symptoms. However, as the disease progresses most people will begin to experience joint pain; at first, only when putting weight on the affected joint, and eventually even when resting. Title: Achondroplasia Description: Achondroplasia is a disorder of bone growth that causes the most common form of dwarfism. It is characterised by a trunk of normal length, short broad limbs, an enlarged skull, small face and flattened nose bridge. Intelligence and reprductive function are unaffected. Title: Acromegaly Description: Acromegaly is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by the presence of too much growth hormone. In excess, it results in gradual enlargement of body tissues, including the bones of the face, jaw, hands, feet and skull. Title: Paget's disease of the bone Description: Paget's disease of the bone is a chronic condition that causes abnormal enlargement and weakening of bone. Commonly affected sites include the skull, pelvis, spine and long bones of the arm and thigh. Title: Fibrous dysplasia Description: Fibrous dysplasia causes abnormal growth or swelling of bone. In some cases, hormone problems and changes in skin colour also occur. The main types of fibrous dysplasia include monostotic fibrous dysplasia, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and McCune-Albright syndrome. Fibrous dysplasia is not a form of cancer. Fibrous dysplasia can occur in any part of the skeleton but the bones of the skull and face, thigh, shin, ribs, upper arm and pelvis are most commonly affected. Medication, surgery and exercise may all be part of treatment. Title: Acromegaly Description: Acromegaly is a condition caused by excess secretion of growth hormone from a tumour of the pituitary gland. The most obvious signs of acromegaly arise from overgrowth of bones in the face, hands and feet. Title: Bone cancer Description: Bone cancers (also called sarcomas) can grow in bone anywhere in the body and around 46 people are affected by bone cancer each year in Victoria.

Title: Perthes' disease Description: Perthes' disease is a disease of the hip joint that affects children. The femoral head deteriorates because of poor blood supply. Most children with Perthes' disease eventually recover, but the bone can take between two and five years to re-grow. Perthes' disease is also known as LeggCalve-Perthes disease or coxa plana. Title: Prevention of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) in patients on bisphosphonate therapies Description: This document provides a consensus based guideline, drawing on current documented best practices, for the undertaking of invasive dental/oral surgical procedures on patients taking bisphosphonate agents so as to minimise the risk, or prevent the development of osteonecrosis of the jaws. Title: Rickets Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of rickets by professional health specialists. Title: Renal bone disease (renal osteodystrophy) Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of renal bone disease by professional health specialists. Title: Developmental bone birth defect (achondrogenesis) Description: Achondrogenesis is a kind of birth defect in the development of bone and cartilage, and is thought to be inherited. Provides information on the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the condition. Title: Bone cancer (chondrosarcoma of cartilage) Description: Chondosarcoma of cartilage is an uncommon type of cancer characterised by one or more tumours of the cartilage. Provides information on the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Title: Osteomalacia Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of osteomalacia by professional health specialists. Title: Osteomyelitis (acute and chronic) Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of osteomyelitis by professional health specialists. Title: Management of renal bone disease Description: Renal bone disease occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease. As the changes of renal bone disease are potentially modifiable, early referral to a nephrologist for monitoring and treatment is recommended. Title: Nuclear medicine bone scan Description: Detailed information for consumers and carers about having a nuclear medicine bone scan including what it is, how to prepare, how it is done, risks and benefits and after effects Title: Suspected acute osteomyelitis Description: Diagnostic imaging algorithm for patients with 'suspected acute osteomyelitis. Date: Jan 2012 Title: Vertebroplasty Description: Detailed information for consumers and carers about vertebroplasty - including what it is, how to prepare, how it is done, risks and benefits and after effects Title: Osgood-Schlatter disease - myDr.com.au Description: One cause of knee pain is a problem called Osgood-Schlatter disease. Date: Nov 2008 Title: Diabetic foot ulcer Description: Diagnostic imaging algorithm for diabetic foot ulcers.

Title: Heel spurs - myDr.com.au Description: Pain in the heel area is common and may be associated with a calcaneal spur, sometimes called a heel spur.

Title: Metastases to the bone Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of metastases by professional health specialists. Title: Inherited vitamin D disorders Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of inherited vitamin D disorders by professional health specialists. Title: Hypophosphatasia Description: Hypophosphatasia is one of several disorders that resembles osteogenesis imperfecta. It is an inherited metabolic (chemical) bone disease that results from low levels of an enzyme called alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Title: Osteogenesis imperfecta (Brittle bone disease) Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of Osteogenesis imperfecta by professional health specialists. Date: Feb 2008 Title: Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) Publisher: Virtual Medical Centre.com Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia by professional health specialists. Title: Paget's disease (osteitis deformans) Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of Paget's disease by professional health specialists. Title: Osgood-Schlatter (OS) disease Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of Osgood-Schlatter by professional health specialists. Title: Osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma) Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of osteosarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma) by professional health specialists. Title: Endochondroma (chondroma, Ollier's disease) Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of Endochondroma written by professional medical specialists. Title: Ewings sarcoma Description: Information on the symptoms, treatment and diagnosis of Ewings sarcoma written by professional medical specialists. Title: Bisphosphonate drugs and Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (ONJ) Description: The TGA continues to alert prescribing doctors, dentists, pharmacists and consumers to the uncommon but important association of the use of bisphosphonate drugs with osteonecrosis of the jaw. Title: Avascular necrosis of the hip Description: Diagnostic imaging algorithm for patients with suspected avascular necrosis of the hip.